EP2250376A1 - Strömungsmaschine mit verbesserter ausgleichskolbendichtung - Google Patents
Strömungsmaschine mit verbesserter ausgleichskolbendichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2250376A1 EP2250376A1 EP08873320A EP08873320A EP2250376A1 EP 2250376 A1 EP2250376 A1 EP 2250376A1 EP 08873320 A EP08873320 A EP 08873320A EP 08873320 A EP08873320 A EP 08873320A EP 2250376 A1 EP2250376 A1 EP 2250376A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbomachine
- compensating piston
- piston seal
- lid
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
- F04D17/125—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors the casing being vertically split
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/051—Axial thrust balancing
- F04D29/0516—Axial thrust balancing balancing pistons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to turbomachines such as a turbomachine or a compressor according to the preamble of claim 1 with an improved balance piston seal.
- a seal against the environment via a shaft seal which is usually designed as a so-called dry gas seal, achieved.
- a compensating piston seal is provided, which seals the outlet pressure against the inlet pressure on the pressure side of the compressor in order to reduce the thrust of the machine and to ensure on the shaft before the dry gas seal on both sides of the inlet pressure.
- These gaskets generally have a hollow stator that includes the rotor, with the rotor, the stator, or both elements having recesses on the surface.
- a dynamic resistance is created between the opposed surfaces of the rotor and the stator, which counteracts movement of the fluid in the axial direction through the sealing gap.
- so-called Holepattern (HP) seals in which the recesses provided on the inner surface of the stator have a shape of substantially circular holes.
- so-called honeycomb (HC) seals are also known in which the recesses provided on the inner surface of the stator are in the form of honeycombs, that is, of reticulated hexagonal holes.
- FIG. 3 shows an in-house-known compressor 100.
- a so-called autoclave cover 104 is used, on which an inner housing 106 is supported.
- the housing is closed by a VerInstitutde- disgust 108.
- a shaft 110 is mounted via shaft bearings 112 and 112 'in bearing housings 114 and 114', which are in turn attached to the autoclave cover 104 and the closure lid 108, respectively.
- a working space 116 which is defined by the autoclave cover 104, the inner housing 106, the closure lid 108 and the shaft 110, the compressor stages are with their Einbautei- len (not shown).
- shaft seals 124, 124 ' are arranged, which seal an inlet pressure of the compressor against the ambient pressure.
- the inlet pressure in each case prevails on the compressor-internal side of these two seals, so that the shaft seals 124, 124 1 are forced apart with the pressure difference between inlet pressure and ambient pressure.
- sealing chambers communicate on the compressor inner sides of the two shaft seals 124, 124 1 via a compensation line (not shown) with each other.
- a compensating piston seal 122 is provided on the outlet side (left in FIG. 3) between the sealing space and the actual working space, which consists essentially of an end portion 106a of the inner housing 106 and a sealing bushing 120 inserted therein and seals the outlet pressure against the inlet pressure.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a detail indicated by a dot-dashed circle "IV" in FIG. 3.
- the working space 116 with its built-in parts on the discharge pressure side is defined by the radial and axial inner surfaces of the inner casing 106 and the outer surface of the shaft 110.
- a radially inwardly projecting end portion 106a of the inner housing 106 annularly surrounds a sealing portion 110a of the shaft 110 and forms in the axial direction, the boundary of the working space 116.
- a sealing element 120 is arranged, which contains the recesses described above (not shown) and reduces the gap between this inner surface of the end portion 106a and the outer surface of the seal portion 110a to a predetermined extent and defines the geometry of the gap.
- the inner housing is composed of two parts of an upper and a lower half to allow insertion of the rotor. That as a sealing bush formed sealing element is also divided in the radial direction in an upper and lower half. These two half rings are screwed into the corresponding grooves of the inner housing.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C A major difficulty in dimensioning and operation is shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C.
- the Fign. 5A to 5C substantially correspond to the detail in Fig. 4, but are kept much more schematic. Only sections of the housing 102, the autoclave cover 104, the inner housing 106 with its end section 106a, which together with the sealing element 120 forms the compensating piston seal 122, the shaft 110 and the working space 116 are shown. A sealing gap between the sealing element 120 and the shaft 110 is designated 140.
- Fig. 5A shows the geometry as it is manufactured and illustrating the design state.
- FIG. 5B shows the influence of a large, mostly transient, temperature difference between the outer housing and the inner housing on the geometry of the sealing arrangement, which is based inter alia on the fact that the inner housing gets hotter much faster when starting the machine than the outer housing
- Fig. 5C shows the influence of a large pressure difference across the balance piston seal 122.
- Figs. 5B and 5C the fabricated, unloaded geometry of Fig. 5A is shown in phantom.
- Fig. 5A is in Holepattern- or Honeycombdichtitch the sealing gap 140 in the design state to the outside tapering, that is convergent in assumed outflow or leakage direction.
- the inner case 106 expands, the end portion 106a expands inward, and the seal gap 140 becomes narrower (see Fig. 5B).
- the extension of the end portion 106a on a shoulder 104b of the autoclave lid 104 is inhibited, whereby the whole end portion 106a rotates about this shoulder 104b.
- the sealing gap 140 therefore also becomes more divergent.
- An object of the present invention is to improve a turbomachine with respect to its compensating piston seal.
- a turbomachine comprises an outer casing having an inner casing and an impeller shaft disposed therein, at least one lid fixed to the outer casing, in particular inserted, and an inlet pressure inside the outer casing from an ambient pressure outside Outer housing, in particular by means of a shaft seal separates, and a compensating piston seal for sealing the discharge pressure against the inlet pressure, which is attached to the lid.
- the turbomachine may for example be a compressor, in particular a high-pressure compressor. If the turbomachine is a compressor, the working space is a compression space.
- the lid of a turbomachine which may be for example an autoclave or a closure lid, is generally much stiffer than the inner casing, which is often formed in its end portion as a comparatively thin shell. Therefore, such a cover has a higher dimensional and dimensional stability than changes in temperature and / or pressure than the inner housing. If according to the invention the compensation piston seal is fastened to this cover instead of the inner housing, deformations of the inner housing can no longer affect the position of the seal. The geometrical see conditions and thus the properties of the seal can therefore be better controlled.
- the turbomachine has at least one inner and at least one outer cover.
- the working space of the turbomachine can at an axial end in
- the lid Essentially be defined by an inner wall of the lid. This allows a greater freedom of design both in terms of the cover and the flow guide in the work area can be achieved. Also, the lid is a much stiffer component than the inner housing and is less deformed under large pressure and temperature differences. As a result, the geometry of the working space can be better defined and the flow conditions in the working space can be better controlled.
- a first shaft seal which seals an inlet against an ambient pressure, can be arranged on the side of the turbomachine opposite the working space, in particular in the cover.
- a seal space between this first shaft seal and the balance piston seal may communicate with a seal space formed on the compressor inner side of a second shaft seal which seals the working space against the environment on the opposite side of the first shaft seal.
- the compensating piston seal may comprise a substantially hollow cylindrical fitting sleeve or piston sleeve, which is preferably positively and / or frictionally secured within at least a portion of a through-drilled from the impeller shaft through hole of the cover and surrounds the impeller shaft without contact.
- a sleeve or sleeve By using a sleeve or sleeve, the seal can be replaced relatively easily without changes to the supporting components. It may also be easier to carry out highly accurate shaping, machining and surface treatment processes on a comparatively handy component.
- the sleeve or bushing can have a first annular section which projects radially outwards at the axial end facing the working space and bears against a wall of the cover, in particular a projecting fastening section, which faces the working space. With such an arrangement, the sleeve or sleeve can be easily inserted from the side of the working space in the lid, being additionally fixed in its axial position when pressurized from the side of
- the sleeve or sleeve may have a second ring portion which protrudes from a radially outer edge of the first ring portion in the axial direction and is received in a correspondingly formed recess in the wall of the lid, in particular a protruding mounting portion. In this way, a simple and accurate centering and fixing of the radial position of the seal can be achieved.
- annular gap having a predetermined geometry is preferably formed. This makes it possible in an advantageous and simple manner to realize a non-contact shaft seal and to match the pressure, temperature and flow conditions occurring during operation. By convergent and / or divergent formation of the gap in at least a portion of the same defined pressure gradients can be achieved in the gap and adjusted so the sealing properties or optimized.
- the compensating piston seal may have recesses in at least one section of its surface pointing toward the impeller shaft, which in cross-section may for example be substantially circular or polygonal, in particular hexagonal. Through the recesses, a flow resistance is generated when the shaft is running, which can promote a sealing of the working space and improve the stability properties of the rotor.
- the compensating piston seal for a seal against a high pressure in the working space which is more than 50 bar, in particular more than 100 bar, preferably more than 500 bar, designed.
- FIG. 1 shows an overall view of a turbomachine according to an embodiment of the present invention in longitudinal section
- FIG. 2 shows a detail view of a detail indicated in FIG. 1 by a dot-dashed circle with the designation "II";
- FIG. 3 shows an overall view of a turbomachine according to the prior art in longitudinal section
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of a detail indicated in FIG. 3 by a dot-dashed circle with the designation "IV";
- FIGS. 5A to 5C show the sealing arrangement of FIG. 4 in different operating states.
- FIG. 1 shows a high-pressure compressor 1 as an example of a turbomachine.
- an outer housing 2 a so-called autoclave cover 4 is used, which constitutes a cover in the sense of claim 1, and on which a nengereheat 6 supported.
- the outer housing 2 is closed on the opposite side of the autoclave 4 by a closure lid 8, which may also represent a lid in the sense of claim 1 in another embodiment, not shown.
- An impeller shaft 10 is mounted via shaft bearings 12 and 12 'in bearing housings 14 and 14', which are in turn attached to the autoclave cover 4 and the closure cover 8.
- the inner housing 6 In a working space 16, which is defined by the autoclave cover 4, the inner housing 6, the closure cover 8 and the shaft 10, there are the compressor stages with their built-in parts 26, 28, 30.
- the inner housing 6 carries the built-in parts 26 of the compressor stages, the Shaft 10, the impellers 28 of the compressor stages.
- Shaft seals 24, 24 'in autoclave or closure lid 4, 8 seal the compressor interior against the environment.
- a compensating piston seal 20 is arranged between the left in Fig. 1 shaft seal 24 in the autoclave cover 4 and the outlet side working space 16, which seals the outlet pressure p2 on the outlet side of the working space 16 against a formed between shaft seal 24 and compensating piston seal 20 seal chamber, in which also the inlet pressure pl prevails.
- this sealing space communicates with a corresponding sealing space on the inlet or suction side of the compressor between the working space 16 and the shaft seal 24 'in the closure lid 8.
- the left in Fig. 1 shaft seal 24 in the autoclave cover 4 is acted upon only with the pressure difference between inlet and ambient pressure, while the compensating piston seal 20 seals the outlet against the inlet pressure. In this way, the thrust of the machine is reduced.
- the working space 16 is defined with its built-in parts on the pressure side of the inner surfaces of the inner housing 6 and the autoclave cover 4 and the outer surface of the shaft 10.
- the autoclave cover 4 has a projecting in the direction of the working space 16 projection 4 a, which thus limits the working space 16 in the axial direction on the side of higher pressure and the ring 10 surrounds a sealing portion 10 a of the shaft.
- On the inner surface of the protrusion 4a there is disposed a bush 20 which reduces the gap between this inner surface of the protrusion 4a and the outer surface of the defined geometry seal portion 10a to a predetermined amount.
- the projection 4 a, on which the bearing bush 20 is arranged or fastened, is thus a fastening section in the sense of the present invention.
- the sleeve 20 has a first annular portion 20a, which protrudes from its lying on the side of the working space 16 axial end of radially outwardly and abuts the pointing to the working space 16 side of the projection 4a.
- the section 20a is fastened by means of screws 32 on the side facing the working space 16 side of the projection 4a.
- the portion 20a further includes a second annular portion 20b which extends axially from the first portion 20a toward the autoclave lid 4 and engages a corresponding counterpart groove in the surface of the projection 4a.
- the sleeve 20 also has on its inner surface circular recesses 20c. These depressions ensure in a known manner for that during operation of the machine adjusts a fluid-dynamic locking effect and seals the outlet against the inlet pressure.
- the recesses 20c are formed as circular recesses which penetrate into the inner surface of the sleeve 20 by a predetermined depth substantially perpendicular (i.e., in the radial direction).
- the recesses 20c may also be inclined in the circumferential direction in or against the direction of rotation of the shaft 10 in order to produce turbulences in the desired form.
- the cross section of the recesses 20c may decrease in the depth direction.
- the circular depressions 20c are known per se to the person skilled in the art as a so-called holepattern seal.
- the sleeve 20 is not attached to the inner housing 6, but on the relatively stiff autoclave cover 4. As a result, a much stiffer design is achieved, and it is avoided that the otherwise large deformations of the inner housing 6 on the bearing bush 20 have an effect.
- the rigidity in this section can be further increased.
- the deformations of the seal assembly are orders of magnitude smaller and the gap geometry is largely maintained even under the influence of temperature and pressure differences. Therefore, a dimensioning of the sealing arrangement is simplified and easier to control.
- the present invention is equally applicable to other types of annular gap seals in which exact knowledge of the geometry of the annular gap is important, such as honeycomb seals, groove seals, labyrinth seals or the like.
- honeycomb seal depressions of a substantially hexagonal cross-section are formed in the inner surface of the bearing bush, which are separated from one another by a net-like structure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008013433A DE102008013433A1 (de) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-03-10 | Strömungsmaschine mit verbesserter Ausgleichskolbendichtung |
PCT/EP2008/009253 WO2009112064A1 (de) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-11-03 | Strömungsmaschine mit verbesserter ausgleichskolbendichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2250376A1 true EP2250376A1 (de) | 2010-11-17 |
EP2250376B1 EP2250376B1 (de) | 2019-04-03 |
Family
ID=40456445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08873320.9A Not-in-force EP2250376B1 (de) | 2008-03-10 | 2008-11-03 | Strömungsmaschine mit verbesserter ausgleichskolbendichtung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9494165B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2250376B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5425108B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101970882B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008013433A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2443909C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2009112064A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8061984B2 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2011-11-22 | Dresser-Rand Company | Dry gas blow down seal |
IT1396519B1 (it) * | 2009-12-07 | 2012-12-14 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | Congegno di riscaldamento per testata di compressore |
IT1399881B1 (it) * | 2010-05-11 | 2013-05-09 | Nuova Pignone S R L | Configurazione di tamburo di bilanciamento per rotori di compressore |
JP5585987B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-25 | 2014-09-10 | 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 | 圧縮機 |
US10519959B2 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2019-12-31 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | Compressor end head heating arrangement |
CN104019051B (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-01-18 | 北京化工大学 | 一种可调控型离心压缩机平衡盘密封 |
DE102014016476A1 (de) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-12 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Strömungsmaschine |
US20170002825A1 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-01-05 | Dresser-Rand Company | Balance piston with a sealing member |
DE102016217672A1 (de) | 2016-09-15 | 2018-03-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Einwellenturboverdichter |
DE102019004539A1 (de) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | KSB SE & Co. KGaA | Pumpenwelle für eine mehrstufige Pumpe |
CN112343668B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2023-07-21 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | 超临界二氧化碳tac机组推力平衡***及控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (24)
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US2221225A (en) * | 1938-04-16 | 1940-11-12 | Pacific Pump Works | Balancing and leakage device for centrifugal pumps |
US2161695A (en) * | 1938-08-01 | 1939-06-06 | Pacific Pump Works | Rotary pump for hot fluids |
US2365310A (en) | 1944-03-02 | 1944-12-19 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Rotor unit |
US2601828A (en) * | 1949-02-04 | 1952-07-01 | United Iron Works | Centrifugal pump |
US3370542A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1968-02-27 | Dresser Ind | Temperature detection device |
US3927763A (en) * | 1970-12-15 | 1975-12-23 | Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen | Installation unit for a multistage radial compressor |
US3801217A (en) * | 1971-02-03 | 1974-04-02 | Weir Pumps Ltd | Fluid machines |
CH547448A (de) * | 1972-06-09 | 1974-03-29 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Hydrodynamisches kombiniertes axial- und radiallager. |
JPS6098194A (ja) | 1983-11-02 | 1985-06-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | バ−レル形多段タ−ボポンプ |
JPH0640951Y2 (ja) * | 1986-04-01 | 1994-10-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 遠心圧縮機 |
JPH0631196Y2 (ja) * | 1986-04-28 | 1994-08-22 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | 圧縮機のバランスピストンシ−ル装置 |
US5161943A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-11-10 | Dresser-Rand Company, A General Partnership | Swirl control labyrinth seal |
DE4126037A1 (de) | 1991-08-06 | 1993-02-11 | Siemens Ag | Gas- und dampfturbinenkraftwerk mit einem solar beheizten dampferzeuger |
JPH0631196A (ja) | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-08 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | スラリの濃縮分級器 |
CN2145886Y (zh) * | 1992-12-02 | 1993-11-10 | 江西铜业公司贵溪冶炼厂 | 离心水泵密封装置 |
US5344515A (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-06 | Argo-Tech Corporation | Method of making a pump housing |
US5718560A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1998-02-17 | Sulzer Turbo Ag | Turbocompressor for non-ideal process gases |
RU2140577C1 (ru) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-27 | Открытое акционерное общество Научно-производственное объединение "Искра" | Центробежный компрессор |
RU2232921C2 (ru) * | 2001-05-21 | 2004-07-20 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Сумское Машиностроительное Научно-Производственное Объединение Им. М.В. Фрунзе" | Система уплотнений турбокомпрессора |
GB0117941D0 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2001-09-19 | Weir Pumps Ltd | Pump assembly |
DE10144841B9 (de) | 2001-09-06 | 2004-10-21 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Solarthermisches Gas- und Dampfkraftwerk und Verfahren zur Umwandlung von thermischer Energie in elektrische Energie |
RU69939U1 (ru) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-01-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Компрессорный комплекс" | Центробежный компрессор |
US20090160135A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Gabriele Turini | Labyrinth seal with reduced leakage flow by grooves and teeth synergistic action |
DE102008051384B3 (de) | 2008-10-11 | 2010-02-11 | Technische Universität Dresden | Solarhybridbetriebenes Gas- und Dampfkraftwerk |
-
2008
- 2008-03-10 DE DE102008013433A patent/DE102008013433A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-11-03 RU RU2010141550/06A patent/RU2443909C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-11-03 WO PCT/EP2008/009253 patent/WO2009112064A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-11-03 US US12/866,830 patent/US9494165B2/en active Active
- 2008-11-03 JP JP2010550036A patent/JP5425108B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-11-03 EP EP08873320.9A patent/EP2250376B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-03 CN CN200880128098.1A patent/CN101970882B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009112064A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008013433A1 (de) | 2009-09-17 |
US9494165B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
JP2011513644A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
CN101970882A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
CN101970882B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
US20100322765A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
RU2443909C1 (ru) | 2012-02-27 |
WO2009112064A1 (de) | 2009-09-17 |
JP5425108B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2250376B1 (de) | 2019-04-03 |
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