EP2236838B1 - Radialgebläse - Google Patents
Radialgebläse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2236838B1 EP2236838B1 EP09004232.6A EP09004232A EP2236838B1 EP 2236838 B1 EP2236838 B1 EP 2236838B1 EP 09004232 A EP09004232 A EP 09004232A EP 2236838 B1 EP2236838 B1 EP 2236838B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fan
- fan according
- motor
- rotor
- electric motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/5813—Cooling the control unit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
- F04D25/068—Mechanical details of the pump control unit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/4226—Fan casings
- F04D29/424—Double entry casings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a radial fan, with at least one axial air inlet opening and a radial Heilausblasö réelle, consisting of a housing assembly and a fan assembly comprising an electric motor and a fan, said housing assembly at least one holding part, which is arranged in the region of the axial air inlet opening and to the stored Receiving a supporting part of the fan assembly is used, and two detachably interconnectable, the air inlet opening dividing shell parts, between which the holding part is fixed in the assembled state, and a terminal box for receiving motor connections.
- a fan of this kind is from the German patent DE 198 41 762 C2 known and has proven itself in practice.
- Double-entry means that the radial fan has two inlet ports located on axially opposite sides of the fan. Also for that in the DE 198 41 762 C2 described blower is described as a preferred embodiment of such a double-flow design.
- an electric motor is used, which is mounted vibration-isolating on both sides in an elastic element. About a partially hollow axis, the connecting cable, starting from the motor, out via a support arm to one of the housing assembly associated terminal box.
- the electric motor is an AC motor, which is designed as a closed external rotor motor.
- the ends of the connecting leads of the motor are connected and both a required operating capacitor, as well as fuses and a terminal strip for pluggable connection of a motor connection cable housed.
- the invention is based on the object to provide a blower of the generic type described above, which has a significant weight reduction compared to the known blower and the lower energy consumption can promote at least the same amount of air. This should not increase the Geräüschense the blower. This task is related to demands from legislators and consumers for improved mass-to-power ratios of such blowers.
- the electric motor according to the invention is a brushless DC machine in which the rotor has permanent magnets and the stator has a plurality of magnetic coils.
- the stator can be designed in particular three-phase.
- the sputtering strands of the stator are switched for electronic commutation via a bridge circuit in which transistors, such as preferably metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET) or insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) can be used.
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistors
- the circuit can be designed as an integrated circuit (power IC), so that one speaks of a converter electronics.
- This electronics is essentially a three-phase regulator, as it is also used in frequency converters, so that the electric motor can be supplied with DC voltage. Since such electronics can also fulfill other functions in addition, the term control electronics is used in this regard.
- the blower according to the invention can advantageously because of the high engine efficiency and its compact design with the same construction volumes and significantly reduced masses as in the known blower higher - or at lower volumes and masses same - benefits are achieved.
- the motor may have a rigid axis as the AC motor of the known fan, wherein the stator of the motor is fixed on the axis.
- it is also an external rotor motor whose two-sided axle ends can be fastened in carrier elements of the fan.
- An inventive fan can be constructed modularly in an advantageous manner, as will be shown in detail below, wherein the individual basic elements can be mounted by simply plugging and clipping or screwing. The assembly times can be kept extremely short.
- the motor is sensor-controlled, wherein the position of the rotor by at least one magnetic, electrical or optical position sensor, for. B. a Hall sensor, a field plate or a potentiometer is detected.
- the reverse voltage is linearly dependent on the engine speed and the exciter strength and can therefore also be used to precisely set the speed. It exists So hereby further advantageous with the ability to use these and other control functions of the EC motor in the fan according to the invention.
- the additional advantage compared to a sensor-controlled EC motor in position detection via the reverse voltage is also the fact that no - sometimes fault-prone - position sensors must be used.
- the control electronics are usually integrated in the engine and can be correspondingly large depending on the power of the engine.
- this electronics which is not required in AC motors, especially in the intake of the blower, because there can be done by the sucked air sufficient cooling, so that a prescribed operating temperature is not exceeded. Cooling is essential for the functionality of the electronics.
- a certain obstruction is produced in the intake area of the blower, which can disadvantageously result in an uneven distribution of the sucked-in air, especially in the case of double-sidedly sucking blowers.
- control electronics housed separately from the EC motor in a terminal box, as it is known from the prior art in AC motors - but there to accommodate the motor terminals, the operating capacitor, etc .. Since the electronics are arranged at a distance from the motor in the terminal box, unfavorable mutual influences are prevented, and the motor and electronic components complement each other optimally.
- a special electronic module to be cooled ie essentially a circuit board on which the control electronics is arranged or connected, can be used in a recess of the terminal box or on a slot on the underside of the fan.
- a heat sink of the electronic module can protrude into a corresponding recess on the lower housing shell and thus be in direct contact with the air flow inside the fan.
- the stator of the EC motor can be complete with a.
- Umgussmaterial preferably a thermoset, be encapsulated, whereby an optimal heat dissipation from the engine can be achieved and all live parts are isolated and protected against contact.
- the rotating rotor - in contrast to the known DC motors - not open as a closed bell, but be performed on both sides open at the ends.
- a high IP protection class As is known, this class of protection according to EN 60529 means the degree of protection against contact, foreign objects such as dust and moisture. The openings in this case bring about the fact that the air conveyed by the fan flows around the stator, wherein it is also guided through the gap usually present between the rotor and the stator, which counteracts an excessive heating of the engine components in advance.
- blower according to the invention Due to the above-mentioned spatially separate combination of EC motor and electronic module, an adaptation of the blower according to the invention to the most varied customer interfaces is also possible in a quick and simple manner.
- a preferred field of application are extractor hoods, where the fan according to the invention can be used. Especially in this area will be previously used because of the humid and often greasy exhaust fan with closed AC motors.
- the invention provides an efficient and energy-saving alternative with a simple possibility of substitution.
- Each power range, whether with or without additionally required electronics, with partial electronics or full electronics, can be covered by the blower according to the invention. Possible different gradations of the electronic modules can be adapted to the different air outputs of the fan.
- a fan according to the invention has at least one axial air inlet opening 1 - in the present preferred case, double-flooded, as Fig. 2 shows, two axially opposite air inlet openings 1 - and a radial Beerausblasö réelle 2.
- the blower according to the invention consists of a housing assembly and a fan assembly, the latter comprising an electric motor 3 and a fan 4.
- the invention is particularly suitable for an embodiment in which, as in the illustration shown, the electric motor 3 is designed as an external rotor motor.
- the housing assembly comprises at least one holding part 5, in the illustrated case, two holding parts 5, which are each arranged in the region of the axial air inlet opening 1 and serve for the bearing receiving a support member 6 of the fan assembly.
- the support member 6 is how Fig. 2 to 5 show, as an elongated, held with their ends held in the holding parts 5 support shaft, on the one hand, the stator 30 of the electric motor 3 sits rotationally, as shown in Fig. 3 is shown in detail, and on the other hand, the rotor 40 is rotatably supported as an external rotor.
- the housing assembly further comprises two releasably interconnectable, the air inlet opening 1 dividing shell parts 71, 72, an upper half-shell part 71 and a lower half-shell part 72, between which the holding part 5 is held in the assembled state.
- the separation point between the shell parts 71, 72 lies in a plane which runs approximately centrally to the exhaust opening 2 and the axial position of the motor 3.
- the shell parts 71, 72 are preferably made of plastic, so that the individual components of the housing assembly can be advantageously produced by injection molding.
- the shell parts 71, 72 are connected to each other in the embodiment shown by means of brackets 8.
- brackets 8 In order to hold the upper and the lower shell part 71, 72, a total of four brackets 8 are mounted, two of which in the illustration Fig. 1 are arranged in the rear region of the housing and two in the front region of the housing laterally of the air inlet openings 1 and the Heilausblasö réelle 2.
- the holding parts 5 have in particular in its basic shape annular, braced frame 9.
- the strut is formed by three star-shaped interconnected support arms 10.
- the support arms 10 extend in each case arcuately outward from the center of the holding part 5 and are connected there to the frame 9.
- the space between struts and frame 9 of the holding part 5 respectively forms the axial air inlet opening. 1
- Fig. 2 shows, is out of the electric motor 3, the support member 6 as a standing - that is not rotating - support axis led out on both sides. At least one held in the holding part 5 end of the support shaft - this shows more clearly Fig. 3 - Has in this case an inner Fünrungskanal 11 for receiving connection lines 12 for the electric motor 3.
- the axis is thus partially, starting from an axle end, designed as a hollow shaft.
- the connection lines 12 are brought by the guide channel 11 into the interior of the electric motor 3 to the stator 30.
- the mold also ensures that a high area moment of inertia of the support member 6 sets, which in terms of bending and possibly also torsional load - is of importance.
- the area moment of inertia, together with the modulus of elasticity, is a measure of the stiffness of a plane cross-section with respect to the load cases mentioned. In this way, no steel shaft needs to be used without impairing the strength or stability of the stator 30 and without requiring an enlargement of the geometric dimensions.
- connection lines 12 which are not connected to the stator 30 can be guided by a support arm 10a which is advantageously a cable channel and terminate in a terminal box 13 in which, for example, fuses and similar components as well as a terminal strip for pluggable connection of an external motor connection cable, not shown ,
- the terminal box 13 which is in Fig. 1 . 7 and 8th is shown, belongs to the housing assembly and is on one of the shell parts 71, 72, in particular on the lower shell part 72 releasably fastened.
- a Verschakibung be provided or - as shown - a catch.
- the electric motor 3 of the fan assembly is an electronically commutated DC motor. Due to the low mass of such EC motor, on the other hand with respect to a known blower increased blower power can be achieved, can also be achieved with known means also a very good Entkoppelungstex, as far as the reduction of structure-borne noise and bearing noise.
- Fig. 2 shows - Elvesstikiana 14 put on, which serve for the vibration-isolating mounting of the electric motor 3 to the holding parts 5.
- the attached on the side of the electrical connection lines 12 elastic element 14 is penetrated by these lines.
- the elastic elements 14 are preferably each formed in one piece, but each consist of three axially behind the other unspecified sections. These are a non-rotatably connected to the holding part 5 carrier-connecting portion, a rotationally fixed to the support member 6 connected motor-connecting portion and arranged between the two connecting portions elastically twistable intermediate portion.
- the respective elastic element 14 can be connected to the support part 6 and / or to the holding part 5 by means of positive-locking plug connections, which thereby prevent relative rotation, in the direction of rotation of the electric motor 3.
- the stator 30 of the motor 3 can be encapsulated with advantage and thus protected against environmental influences, while the rotor 40 may be preferably opened on both sides, so that the heat generated in the stator 30 can be easily removed from the motor 3 out.
- FIG Fig. 3 the illustration in FIG Fig. 3 in that the stator 30 is completely surrounded by an encapsulation material 15 for the laminated stator core 16, the windings 17 and all other components known to be present, such as the electrical connection lines 12.
- the material may preferably be a duroplastic. All live parts are thereby isolated and can not be touched, which, as mentioned above, ensures a high IP protection class and blower according to the invention for use in cooker hoods particularly-predestined.
- the encapsulation of the stator 30 makes it possible, without detriment to the quality of the degree of protection, to provide the rotating rotor 40 with openings 18 on both sides at its end faces, even in the more critical climate applications Fig. 1 . 4 and 5 illustrate.
- the openings 18 allow the air - acting as cooling air - flows around the stator 30 and thus ensures optimum heat dissipation.
- a shorter motor assembly can be used in many cases, which is advantageously associated with lower manufacturing costs.
- an EC motor implies, as mentioned, the necessity of the presence of special electronics for electronic commutation.
- the motor 3 may be controlled in a preferred manner sensorless, wherein the position of the rotor 40 is detected by a in the stator windings 17 of the stator 30 induced counter-voltage. Exemplary are in Fig. 7 and 8th for this control electronics components designated by the reference numeral 19.
- control electronics 19 may advantageously be arranged separately from the motor 3 in the housing assembly. This avoids obstruction of the air intake existing in known EC motors.
- control electronics 19 can be arranged in the terminal box 13, thereby advantageously simultaneously assumes the function of an electronics housing.
- a separate electronics housing can be omitted.
- the control electronics 19 may preferably form a mountable as a whole electronic module, which can be inserted into a recess or to a designated mounting position of the terminal box 13, in particular plugged.
- a heat sink 20 may be provided which projects into a recess 21 in the housing shell 72 from the terminal box 13 in the space formed by the housing shells 71, 72 and the so in direct contact with the air flow inside the blower stands. By applying the forced air, an optimal flow around the heat sink 20 takes place.
- the heat sink 20 in terms of efficient cooling and in adaptation to the space in the terminal box 13 - as also out Fig.
- the production or assembly of the blower according to the invention is simple, with a modular design in which the individual basic elements can be mounted by simply plugging and clipping or screwing, a short Mooring time and also an optimal adaptation to different user interfaces can be achieved.
- stator 30 For the manufacture of the blower according to the invention, first the manufacture of the stator 30 or a stator assembly (including the support member 6), as these in Fig. 3 is shown.
- the stator assembly comprises the laminated stator core 16 and the stator winding 17 with the connecting line 12, which is guided through the unilaterally hollow axis to the connection points on the stator.
- the stator assembly is encapsulated with the plastic encapsulation 15.
- a front-side flange 22 of the rotor 40 is first pushed over the connecting cable 12 and then on the axis (support member 6).
- This unit as well as the opposite flange 22 of the rotor 40 are then attached to a prefabricated fan unit, the Fig. 6 shows, by means of screws 23 which are guided through the holes 24 on the rotor flange 22, attached.
- Prefabricated fan unit means that this includes both the fan 4 with its fan blades 25, and the rotor 40 of the motor 3.
- the fan 4 with the fan blades 25 and the rotor 40 form a one-piece component.
- the rotor 40 can - see Fig. 2 and 7 - Be formed of a return ring 26, on the inside magnet segments 27 are attached and the outside approximately tubular is overmolded with a plastic wrap 28.
- the magnet segments 27 can, as Fig. 2 shows, be pre-assembled in two axially adjacent rows, each with a plurality of magnetic segments 27 and circumferentially to each other have a small circumferential angular offset.
- single-row magnet segments 27 or a magnetic tape are possible.
- the plastic sheath 28 is in the illustrated embodiment of the invention via a perpendicular to the motor axis, in particular centrally disposed disk-shaped region 29 in the fan blades 25 via.
- the preassembled fan unit has an advantageously compact design.
- the unit fulfills the electrotechnical function of the rotor 40 and is also designed as a fan blade assembly to fulfill the fluidic tasks. In this case, the use of material of metal is limited to the return ring 26, so that over conventional fan assemblies and a weight reduction can be achieved.
- a surface treatment of the rotor body in the sense of corrosion protection can advantageously be dispensed with because of the complete plastic extrusion coating 28.
- this unit is on both sides of the support member 6 with the in Fig. 2 provided vibration-isolating elastic elements 14, which are preferably used in additional outside of the elastic elements 14 existing bell-shaped support members 70.
- This unit is now centrally connected to the holding parts 5, in particular inserted into the holding parts 5 and inserted between the shell parts 71, 72 of the Gescoüsebautik.
- the heat sink 20 is inserted into the recess 21 of the shell part 72, so that it can be swept by the air flow during operation of the fan and thus can be cooled.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES09004232.6T ES2607841T3 (es) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Ventilador radial |
EP09004232.6A EP2236838B1 (de) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Radialgebläse |
US12/731,437 US9109610B2 (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-03-25 | Radial blower |
CN201010194958.0A CN101865146B (zh) | 2009-03-25 | 2010-03-25 | 离心式通风机 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09004232.6A EP2236838B1 (de) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Radialgebläse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2236838A1 EP2236838A1 (de) | 2010-10-06 |
EP2236838B1 true EP2236838B1 (de) | 2016-09-21 |
Family
ID=40962038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09004232.6A Active EP2236838B1 (de) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Radialgebläse |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9109610B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2236838B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101865146B (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2607841T3 (zh) |
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-
2009
- 2009-03-25 ES ES09004232.6T patent/ES2607841T3/es active Active
- 2009-03-25 EP EP09004232.6A patent/EP2236838B1/de active Active
-
2010
- 2010-03-25 CN CN201010194958.0A patent/CN101865146B/zh active Active
- 2010-03-25 US US12/731,437 patent/US9109610B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9109610B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
CN101865146B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
US20100254826A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
EP2236838A1 (de) | 2010-10-06 |
CN101865146A (zh) | 2010-10-20 |
ES2607841T3 (es) | 2017-04-04 |
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