EP1876135B1 - Antriebsystem für Fahrgastbeförderung - Google Patents
Antriebsystem für Fahrgastbeförderung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1876135B1 EP1876135B1 EP07110713A EP07110713A EP1876135B1 EP 1876135 B1 EP1876135 B1 EP 1876135B1 EP 07110713 A EP07110713 A EP 07110713A EP 07110713 A EP07110713 A EP 07110713A EP 1876135 B1 EP1876135 B1 EP 1876135B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chain
- pitch
- pins
- circle
- driving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010516 chain-walking reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 68
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B23/02—Driving gear
- B66B23/022—Driving gear with polygon effect reduction means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B23/02—Driving gear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B23/02—Driving gear
- B66B23/026—Driving gear with a drive or carrying sprocket wheel located at end portions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive and / or deflection element for a chain, in particular a drive and / or conveyor chain of a continuous conveyor for passenger transport or passenger transport plus their hand luggage.
- Chains are used today in machine and plant construction in innumerable variants, for example as drive chains of continuous conveyors in passenger transport, especially in escalators or conveyors or moving walks.
- Drive elements drive the chain or step chain or pallet chain in the direction of rotation, while deflecting elements convert their individual translatory track sections into one another by means of rotation.
- fall driving and deflecting elements together and are designed for example in the form of sprockets or wedge wheels.
- engagement elements that are in positive and / or non-positive engagement with the chain or step chain and drive and / or redirect.
- Such engaging elements cause variations in the speed of the chain strand both in the longitudinal direction (i.e., in the direction of movement of the chain) and in the transverse direction normal thereto due to the so-called polygon effect.
- Fig. 1 explains: in a conventional engagement element 100, which in Fig. 1 is shown schematically, the chain 200 runs tangentially in the pitch circle 500 such that the chain pins 300 then rotate on the pitch circle 500 with the radius R 500 .
- Its velocity L v ⁇ cos ( ⁇ ) in the longitudinal direction of the load strand (in the plane of the drawing) Fig.
- the engagement element is designed as a sprocket 110 with a constant pitch circle 510.
- a disadvantage it can be seen that lift the chain rollers in the curved guide rail from the tooth root of the sprocket, ie they move relative to the engagement element on the pitch circle, which leads equally to noise and premature wear.
- Fig. 2 the engagement situation in which the chain pin 310 run in at the lowest point in the tooth base, located.
- the earlier due to the real contact geometry is Neglected intervention without this affecting the basic principles.
- the chain pin 310 travels from the smaller active circle to the larger pitch circle 510 and thereby slides upwards, in contrast to the teeth of the sprocket 110.
- Fig. 14 of US 4930622 Semicircles of different diameters are provided on the periphery of the sprocket. As can be clearly seen from Fig. 14, the centers are all on one and the same circle, only the lowest points of the semicircles have (because of the different diameters) different distance to the center of the sprocket. Thus, according to this document, only one pitch circle is provided, and the polygon effect occurs unabated.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a drive and / or deflection for a chain or step chain or pallet chain available, which has no polygon effect and / or induces only a small shock and avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the engagement element or sprocket has a first pitch circle and a second pitch circle with different diameters such that alternately first chain pins on the first pitch circle and second chain pins on the second pitch circle come into engagement with the engagement element.
- Alternating refers to any predefined sequence of chain pins, which can come alternately or mixed into engagement with the engagement element.
- a first chain pin on the first pitch circle and the following chain pin of the chain on the second pitch circle engage. (1-2-1-2 order .7)
- each chain pin engages first on the smaller circle of action and then slides in the tooth space on the larger pitch circle, engage according to the present invention, the chain pins alternately in different pitch circles. They must therefore not slide relative to the engagement element or sprocket to the outside or in the amount, but remain in the different pitch circles, which reduces both the wear and tear as well as the noise or noise due to the relative movement between the chain pin and engagement element.
- the chain pins are supported during the entire deflection at the tooth base of the engagement element formed as a sprocket. This not only causes a more stable guidance, but also dampens and lowers vertical and vertical vibrations of the chain.
- the noise and wear behavior of a chain drive with engagement elements according to the invention is greatly improved. Since the polygonal effect is approximately proportional to the chain pitch (distance between the chain pins), due to the reduced or eliminated polygon effect, larger pitches or smaller engagement element diameters or sprocket diameters can now also be realized. For sprockets, their diameter is proportional to their number of teeth, i. directly proportional to the pitch, larger pitches thus correspond to fewer teeth and simpler or easier to produce sprockets. This results in advantages in terms of material costs, the fabrication and mass production.
- the chain pins comprise, in a manner known per se, rotatably mounted chain rollers or steel or plastic rollers or bushes via which they engage with the engagement element. Whenever reference is made of chain pins, so are also addressed surrounding these chain rollers or chain sleeves, which contribute due to the rolling instead of the sliding friction to reduce friction and wear.
- the engagement element is formed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention as a sprocket with a toothing, wherein the chain pins engage in tooth gaps of the sprocket.
- the toothing then advantageously has alternating first tooth gaps on the first pitch circle and second tooth gaps on the second pitch circle. Alternating refers to any predefined sequence of tooth gaps, which can be arranged alternately or mixed in any desired order.
- the engagement member may be formed in an alternative embodiment as a pair of wedge disks, the chain pins come into frictional contact with the wedge disks.
- the wedge disks can alternately first areas with a first wedge angle and second Regions having a different second wedge angle, wherein the first pitch circle is defined by the contact points of the first chain pin with the first areas and the second pitch circle through the contact points of the second chain pin with the second areas.
- an inventive engagement element may have a third pitch circle such that alternately first chain pins on the first pitch circle, second chain pin on the second pitch circle and third chain pin on the third pitch circle are engaged with the engagement element.
- the third or even further pitch circles thus represent intermediate stages, which allow a finer division of the chain while maintaining the basic principle of the alternating pitch circles.
- an engagement element comprises a first and / or second guide rail, which guides the first and second chain pins on the first and second pitch circle.
- that guide rail which guides the chain pins onto the larger pitch circle imparts to this chain pin an additional vertical speed perpendicular to the longitudinal speed and thus compensates for the decreasing longitudinal component of the preceding chain pin.
- the chain pins can also be guided by the engagement element itself, such as the tooth gaps of a sprocket on the corresponding pitch circles, then depending on the geometry a small polygon effect remains, which is significantly reduced compared to conventional systems. A sliding of the chain pin relative to the engagement element can continue to be prevented.
- the first or second guide rail guides the first and second chain pins on the first and second pitch circle, respectively, until they come out of engagement with the engagement element.
- a rolling of the chain can be avoided or at least reduced.
- a sliding of the chain pin relative to the engagement element is also reduced or eliminated.
- an above-explained guidance of the chain pins on the pitch circles is preferably realized in a known manner in an inventive engagement element in that the first and / or second chain pins run on the first and second guide rail.
- a two-part in the circumferential plane of the chain strand guide is provided, wherein a first half, the first, one of these opposite second half forms the second guide rail.
- the first chain pins have on the first half of the facing side a larger diameter, in particular for a first chain roller, and thus run on the first guide rail, while analogously, the second chain pin on the opposite side have a smaller diameter, in particular for a second chain roller and thus run on the second guide rail.
- an engagement element according to the invention is preferably designed such that the chain runs tangentially onto the first and / or second pitch circle and / or runs out tangentially from the first and / or second pitch circle.
- Fig. 4 shows an engagement element according to an embodiment of the present invention in the form of a sprocket 1 from one side.
- the opposite page is also drawn in unfilled outline.
- the sprocket 1 deflects a chain 2 between an upper load and a lower slack side by 180 ° and thereby drives them by means of a (not shown) drive, the engagement member to.
- Deflection and wrap angles as well as entry and exit direction are purely exemplary, other angles and directions can be realized equally by engagement elements according to the invention.
- the sprocket has a first pitch circle 5 and a second pitch circle 6 with different diameters.
- the second pitch diameter is the larger by way of example.
- the sprocket can be designed, for example, as involute toothing 7 with alternating tooth space depths, wherein first tooth gaps 8A, 8C define the first pitch circle 5, second tooth gaps 8B, 8D define the second pitch circle 6, which at a different radial distance from the axis or center of the chain wheel, Otherwise, however, with similar or the same tooth geometry (for example, with respect to undercut, head rounding and the like) are formed.
- the chain 2 comprises chain pins with chain rollers or skids or runners 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, which are rotatably or slidably mounted on them, or sledges or chain runners 3, which are connected to one another via link plates or chain links 4.
- the first chain pins 3A, 3C only comprise chain rollers on the first side, while with these alternating second chain pins 3B, 3D have chain rollers only on the second side.
- first guide rail 9 which is arranged on the first side of the central longitudinal plane of the chain and the engagement element (in Fig. 4 Below the plane of the drawing and therefore shown in outline) on which the first chain pins 3A, 3C run
- these first chain pins are tangentially fed to the first pitch circle 5 and from the vertical center plane of the engagement element 1 with this engaged.
- You will experience a constant circumferential speed v R 5 ⁇ ⁇ , where R 5 denotes the radius of the first pitch circle 5 and ⁇ the rotational speed of the sprocket 1.
- the chain pins 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D have continuous or divided chain rollers within the link plates 4.
- the first chain pins 3A, 3C protrude to the first, the second chain pins 3B, 3D to the second side.
- the tabs 4 alternately inside each roll. These run on the first or second guide rail 9 or 10 arranged there.
- first and second tooth spaces 8A, 8C and 8B, 8D are successively equipped with first and second chain pins or chain rollers 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D.
- first and second chain pins or chain rollers 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D come by means of the guide rails 9, 10 tangentially to the respective pitch circle 5 and 6 in or to engage, without in the sequence in to slide or push the tooth spaces. They are advantageously based continuously in the tooth base and thus reduce vertical or vertical vibrations, upwards or downwards to the direction of movement of the chain strand 2.
- the inner chain pins 3A, 3C are retracted by the respective preceding outer chain pin 3 B, 3D with constant longitudinal speed on the first guide rail 9 in the sprocket, since the preceding outer chain pins 3 B, 3D are deflected on the outer pitch circle 6.
- the outer chain pins 3B, 3D, being brought onto the outer pitch circle 6, are also accelerated in the vertical direction so that their total speed along the guide rail (s) 6 remains constant, although the longitudinal component of the inner chain pins 3A and 3C pulling them decreases with increasing sprocket rotation.
Landscapes
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Chain Conveyers (AREA)
- Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
- Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07110713A EP1876135B1 (de) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-06-21 | Antriebsystem für Fahrgastbeförderung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06116556 | 2006-07-04 | ||
EP07110713A EP1876135B1 (de) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-06-21 | Antriebsystem für Fahrgastbeförderung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1876135A1 EP1876135A1 (de) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1876135B1 true EP1876135B1 (de) | 2011-04-06 |
Family
ID=37573954
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07110713A Active EP1876135B1 (de) | 2006-07-04 | 2007-06-21 | Antriebsystem für Fahrgastbeförderung |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7918326B2 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP1876135B1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP5176223B2 (ru) |
KR (1) | KR101355224B1 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN100562480C (ru) |
AT (1) | ATE504534T1 (ru) |
AU (1) | AU2007203100B2 (ru) |
BR (1) | BRPI0702952B1 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2592921C (ru) |
DE (1) | DE502007006870D1 (ru) |
ES (1) | ES2364433T3 (ru) |
HK (1) | HK1117122A1 (ru) |
MX (1) | MX2007008167A (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2437824C2 (ru) |
TW (1) | TWI391314B (ru) |
UA (1) | UA93663C2 (ru) |
ZA (1) | ZA200705466B (ru) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015010894A1 (de) | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | Inventio Ag | Fahrsteigpalette eines fahrsteiges |
RU2640374C2 (ru) * | 2012-12-07 | 2017-12-28 | Инвенцио Аг | Цепное колесо элеваторной цепи или направляющее колесо с увеличенным сроком службы |
WO2018041931A1 (de) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | Inventio Ag | Kettenglied für eine hochbelastbare förderkette eines fahrsteiges, einer fahrtreppe oder eines aufzugs |
RU2682693C1 (ru) * | 2014-05-28 | 2019-03-20 | Инвенцио Аг | Шарнирная цепь траволатора или эскалатора |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5461182B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-02 | 2014-04-02 | ケッテン−ヴルフ ベトリーブス−ゲーエムベーハー | エスカレータ |
ES2294972B1 (es) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-04-01 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Innovation Center, S.A. | Sistema de curva de volteo para sistema de transporte por cadena. |
CN102341337B (zh) * | 2009-05-20 | 2014-03-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 输送机装置 |
KR101565465B1 (ko) * | 2011-05-23 | 2015-11-04 | 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 | 체인 및 스프로켓 구동 시스템들을 위한 다각형 보상 커플링 |
ES2367739B1 (es) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-09-18 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Innovation Center, S.A. | Pasillo móvil. |
EP3227221A1 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2017-10-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Drive chain and drive chain mechanism and conveyor comprising such a drive chain mechanism |
EP3383769B1 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2020-01-01 | Beumer Group A/S | Sorter with reduced polygon effect |
DE102016104768A1 (de) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Meurer Verpackungssysteme Gmbh | Fördereinrichtung |
WO2020108895A1 (de) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-06-04 | Inventio Ag | Verfahren zum montieren einer förderkette für ein palettenband eines fahrsteigs |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2060491A (en) * | 1935-07-26 | 1936-11-10 | Westinghouse Elec Elevator Co | Moving stairway |
US2128310A (en) * | 1937-03-30 | 1938-08-30 | Otis Elevator Co | Moving stairway |
US2103327A (en) * | 1937-08-18 | 1937-12-28 | Otis Elevator Co | Moving stairway |
JPS58117410U (ja) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-08-10 | 株式会社椿本バルクシステム | 大径ロ−ラ付きコンベヤチエ−ン |
JPS5974881A (ja) * | 1982-10-19 | 1984-04-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 曲線エスカレ−タ |
US4930622A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1990-06-05 | Otis Elevator Company | Curved escalator with fixed center constant radius path of travel |
CN1038244C (zh) * | 1993-10-09 | 1998-05-06 | O&K自动扶梯有限公司 | 弧形自动扶梯的传动*** |
US5697486A (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1997-12-16 | Investio Ag | Device for the guidance of an endless belt for escalators or moving walkways |
JP2895776B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-08 | 1999-05-24 | 株式会社椿本チエイン | フローティングチェーンガイド装置 |
KR100214671B1 (ko) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-09-01 | 이종수 | 에스컬레이터의 상부레일 구조 |
EP1102718B1 (de) * | 1998-08-08 | 2002-10-16 | Kone Corporation | Verfahren und einrichtung zum führen einer kette im bereich von kettenrädern eines stetigförderers |
DE19958709C2 (de) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-10-25 | Kone Corp | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Reduzierung des Polygoneffektes im Umlenkbereich von Personenförderanlagen |
US7296671B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2007-11-20 | Kone Corporation | Drive system for escalators or moving walkways |
DE10218372A1 (de) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-13 | Kone Corp | Antriebssystem für Rolltreppen oder Rollsteige |
DE10063844B4 (de) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-07-22 | Kone Corp. | Antriebssystem für Rolltreppen und Rollsteige |
DE10135023A1 (de) * | 2001-07-18 | 2003-02-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schnittstelle |
DE10138462B4 (de) * | 2001-08-04 | 2004-09-30 | Kone Corp. | Verfahren zum Führen von Laschenketten im Bereich von Umlenkeinrichtungen einer Personenförderanlage |
JP4810030B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-26 | 2011-11-09 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 傾斜部高速エスカレータ |
JP4304136B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-23 | 2009-07-29 | 東芝エレベータ株式会社 | コンベア装置 |
JP2006052052A (ja) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-23 | Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd | 乗客コンベヤ |
ES2573674T3 (es) * | 2006-12-21 | 2016-06-09 | Inventio Ag | Sistema de accionamiento para un dispositivo de traslación con cadena deslizante |
-
2007
- 2007-06-20 JP JP2007162152A patent/JP5176223B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-21 EP EP07110713A patent/EP1876135B1/de active Active
- 2007-06-21 DE DE502007006870T patent/DE502007006870D1/de active Active
- 2007-06-21 ES ES07110713T patent/ES2364433T3/es active Active
- 2007-06-21 AT AT07110713T patent/ATE504534T1/de active
- 2007-06-28 TW TW096123498A patent/TWI391314B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-06-28 CA CA2592921A patent/CA2592921C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-03 US US11/772,892 patent/US7918326B2/en active Active
- 2007-07-03 RU RU2007125166/11A patent/RU2437824C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-07-03 AU AU2007203100A patent/AU2007203100B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-07-03 UA UAA200707488A patent/UA93663C2/ru unknown
- 2007-07-03 BR BRPI0702952A patent/BRPI0702952B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-07-04 KR KR1020070067226A patent/KR101355224B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-07-04 MX MX2007008167A patent/MX2007008167A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-07-04 CN CNB2007101271833A patent/CN100562480C/zh active Active
- 2007-07-04 ZA ZA200705466A patent/ZA200705466B/xx unknown
-
2008
- 2008-07-03 HK HK08107359.2A patent/HK1117122A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2640374C2 (ru) * | 2012-12-07 | 2017-12-28 | Инвенцио Аг | Цепное колесо элеваторной цепи или направляющее колесо с увеличенным сроком службы |
WO2015010894A1 (de) | 2013-07-26 | 2015-01-29 | Inventio Ag | Fahrsteigpalette eines fahrsteiges |
RU2682693C1 (ru) * | 2014-05-28 | 2019-03-20 | Инвенцио Аг | Шарнирная цепь траволатора или эскалатора |
WO2018041931A1 (de) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | Inventio Ag | Kettenglied für eine hochbelastbare förderkette eines fahrsteiges, einer fahrtreppe oder eines aufzugs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080017475A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
KR101355224B1 (ko) | 2014-01-24 |
JP5176223B2 (ja) | 2013-04-03 |
ATE504534T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
CN101100262A (zh) | 2008-01-09 |
RU2437824C2 (ru) | 2011-12-27 |
ES2364433T3 (es) | 2011-09-02 |
UA93663C2 (ru) | 2011-03-10 |
KR20080004399A (ko) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1876135A1 (de) | 2008-01-09 |
CN100562480C (zh) | 2009-11-25 |
US7918326B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
TW200817269A (en) | 2008-04-16 |
MX2007008167A (es) | 2009-01-07 |
BRPI0702952B1 (pt) | 2018-11-27 |
JP2008013370A (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
AU2007203100B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
AU2007203100A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
ZA200705466B (en) | 2008-08-27 |
DE502007006870D1 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
RU2007125166A (ru) | 2009-01-10 |
TWI391314B (zh) | 2013-04-01 |
HK1117122A1 (en) | 2009-01-09 |
CA2592921A1 (en) | 2008-01-04 |
CA2592921C (en) | 2014-08-19 |
BRPI0702952A (pt) | 2008-02-26 |
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