EP1477553A1 - Flüssige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel mit Konsistenz-gebenden Polymeren - Google Patents
Flüssige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel mit Konsistenz-gebenden Polymeren Download PDFInfo
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- EP1477553A1 EP1477553A1 EP04011034A EP04011034A EP1477553A1 EP 1477553 A1 EP1477553 A1 EP 1477553A1 EP 04011034 A EP04011034 A EP 04011034A EP 04011034 A EP04011034 A EP 04011034A EP 1477553 A1 EP1477553 A1 EP 1477553A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- alkyl
- liquid washing
- disinfecting
- acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/378—(Co)polymerised monomers containing sulfur, e.g. sulfonate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to liquid washing, cleaning, disinfecting and bleaching agents containing copolymers based on acryloyldimethyltaurine.
- the finished formulations are characterized by a favorable rheological behavior, as well as good compatibility with other components. They have a high storage stability, in particular a high stability of hydrolysis-sensitive components, for example in the case of oxidizing agents in the formulations, preferably in acidic formulations and are UV stable.
- formulations for Washing, cleaning and disinfecting to viscosities greater than 100 cP.
- formulations with acidic Character (pH ⁇ 5) Due to the acidic environment, it also manages to be pH-sensitive To stabilize oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide permanently and thus accessible to new applications in the cleaning and hygiene sector close. Fortunately, these formulations are additionally characterized high UV stability. This allows the use of transparent Packaging materials that are currently in great demand in the market.
- the mixing ratio of structural unit a2) can be within any Borders vary.
- Preferred copolymers contain from 2 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 3 to 15% by weight, of the structural units a1) or a2), preferably of the structural unit a2), 69.5 to 97.5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 84.5 to 96.5 wt .-%, of the structural unit b) and 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.2 to 3 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 wt .-%, of the structural unit c).
- Particularly preferred structural units of the formula (1) are derived from N-vinylpyrrolidone from.
- Suitable structural units according to formula (3) are preferably alkali metal / alkaline earth metal, preferably ammonium salts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, particularly preferably the NH 4 + salt.
- the crosslinking structural units c) are preferably derived from allyl acrylate or methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane methacrylate, dipropylene glycol diallyl ether, polyglycol diallyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, hydroquinone diallyl ether, tetraallyloxyethane or other allyl or vinyl ethers of polyfunctional alcohols, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, triallylamine, trimethylolpropane diallyl ether, methylenebisacrylamide and / or divinylbenzene.
- the crosslinking structures are derived from monomers of the general formula (4) where R is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.
- the copolymers are prepared by a polymerization reaction, for example by precipitation polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk polymerization, solution polymerization or gel polymerization, wherein the copolymerization of precipitates is particularly advantageous for the property profile of the copolymers used according to the invention.
- the monomers corresponding to the formulas (1), (2) and (3) are dissolved or dispersed in a protic solvent, preferably tert-butanol.
- a protic solvent preferably tert-butanol.
- one or more crosslinkers c) are added to this solution or dispersion and the polymerization is started in a known manner by addition of a radical-forming compound.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in a water-soluble alcohol or a mixture of several alcohols having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably in tert-butanol.
- the water content of the alcohol or alcohol mixture should not exceed 10% by weight, since otherwise lumping may occur in the course of the polymerization.
- the choice of the type and the amount of the solvent should be such that the salt of the acrylamidoalkylsulfonic according to formula (3), in particular the 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane-sulfonic acid, is substantially soluble or dispersible therein. Under largely soluble or dispersible is to be understood that even after stopping the agitator no solid material from the solution or dispersion settles.
- the polymer formed in the course of the reaction should be substantially insoluble in the chosen solvent or solvent mixture. It is to be understood here to be largely insoluble that a readily stirrable, pasty polymer paste is formed in the course of the polymerization in which no lumps or adhesions form.
- the filtrate obtainable by suction of the paste should have a solids content of at most 5% by weight. If the copolymers are more soluble in the chosen solvent or solvent mixture, clumping may occur during drying of the polymer paste.
- the polymerization reaction itself is in a conventional manner by radical-forming compounds such as azo initiators (eg azobisisobutyronitrile), peroxides (eg dilauryl peroxide) or persulfates in the temperature range of 20 to 120 ° C, preferably between 40 and 80 ° C, started and over a period of 30 Minutes to several hours continued.
- azo initiators eg azobisisobutyronitrile
- peroxides eg dilauryl peroxide
- persulfates in the temperature range of 20 to 120 ° C, preferably between 40 and 80 ° C, started and over a period of 30 Minutes to several hours continued.
- the property profile of the copolymers can be varied by varying the above mixing ratio of the monomers and the crosslinker.
- the thickening effect of the polymers can be improved by the increased incorporation of acrylamidosulfonic acid / salt.
- the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, particularly preferably NH 4 + salts are particularly preferably polymerized in.
- ammonium salts it is also possible to use the free acrylamidopropylsulfonic acids and to produce the ammonium salts by introducing ammonia before adding the remaining monomers.
- the copolymers used according to the invention in detergents and cleaners preferably have a molecular weight M w of from 10 3 g / mol to 10 9 g / mol, more preferably from 10 4 to 10 7 g / mol, particularly preferably from 5 ⁇ 10 4 to 5 ⁇ 10 6 g / mol.
- M w for the purposes of this invention is generally to be determined by GPC versus polystyrene sulfonic acid.
- the agents according to the invention preferably contain from 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 3% by weight, of copolymers.
- the copolymers described above based on Acryloyldimethyltaurate generally in all washing, cleaning, disinfecting and Bleaching agents of all kinds are used. They are preferably used as Thickener in acid detergent formulations for hard surfaces Ceramic, metal, glass or plastic, for example in liquid all-purpose cleaners, in the sanitary sector, for example liquid toilet block, lime-dissolving bath cleaners, but also dishwashing detergents. Furthermore, they are suitable for use in Stain removers, liquid detergents and laundry bleaches.
- the washing, cleaning, disinfecting and bleaching agents according to the invention may be in the form of aqueous, aqueous / organic, in particular aqueous / alcoholic and organic formulations are present. Further Embodiments may be: emulsions, dispersions, gels and Suspensions.
- the washing, cleaning, disinfecting and bleaching agents according to the invention contain an acidic component.
- Suitable organic or inorganic acids preferably organic acids, more preferably alpha-hydroxy acids and acids selected from glycolic, lactic, citric, tartaric, mandelic, salicylic, ascorbic, pyruvic, oligooxa mono- and dicarboxylic, fumaric, retinoic, aliphatic and organic Sulfonic acids, benzoic acid, kojic acid, fruit acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, galacturonic acid, acidic plant and / or fruit extracts and their derivatives.
- bleaching and Disinfectants such as chlorine or bromine releasing substances or contain organic or inorganic peroxides.
- Suitable chlorine or bromine releasing materials include, for example, heterocyclic N-bromo and N-chloroamides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium.
- Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin are also suitable.
- Anhydrous, water-soluble inorganic salts are also useful as bleaching agents, such as lithium, sodium, or calcium hypochlorite and hypobromite. Chlorinated trisodium phosphate is also considered.
- Organic peracids and diacyl peroxides for example peroxybenzoic acid and its benzene-substituted analogs, aliphatic and substituted aliphatic monoperoxy acids, for example peroxylauric acid or peroxystearic acid, alkyldiperoxyacids and aryldiperoxyacids such as 1,12-diperoxydodecanoic acid, 1,9-diperoxybrassidic acid, diperoxysebacylic acid, diperoxyisophthalic acid and dibenzoyl peroxide.
- the inorganic peroxy compounds which can be used in the context of the present invention include, for example, monopersulfates, perborates and percarbonates.
- the inorganic peroxy compounds are generally used as alkali metal salts, preferably as lithium, sodium and potassium salts.
- the preparations according to the invention may contain bleaches and disinfectants Amounts of from 0.1 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 18% by weight, especially 1.5 to 9 wt .-% included.
- washing, cleaning, disinfecting and bleaching agents according to the invention may be surfactants of nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric nature and customary auxiliaries and additives in different amounts.
- Preferred nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol ethoxylates containing from about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
- the alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohols may be linear or branched, primary or secondary, and generally contains from 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are the condensation products of alcohols containing an alkyl chain of 10 to 20 carbons with 2 to 18 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
- the alkyl chain can be saturated or unsaturated.
- the alcohol ethoxylates may have a narrow homolog distribution of the ethylene oxide ("narrow range ethoxylates") or a broad homolog distribution of the ethylene oxide ("broad range ethoxylates").
- nonionic surfactants of this type are Tergitol TM 15-S-9 (condensation product of a C 11 -C 15 linear secondary alcohol with 9 moles of ethylene oxide), Tergitol TM 24-L NMW (condensation product of a C 12 -C 14 linear primary alcohol with 6 moles of ethylene oxide with narrow molecular weight distribution). Also included in this product class are the Genapol TM brands from Clariant GmbH.
- nonionic surfactants come into question, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and Polybutylenoxidaddukte of alkylphenols having 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, addition products of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base, formed from the condensation of propylene oxide Propylene glycol or addition products of ethylene oxide with a reaction product of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
- semipolar nonionic surfactants for example amine oxides of the formula III where R 8 is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkylphenol group or mixtures thereof having a chain length of 8 to 22 carbon atoms; R 9 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof; R 10 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group having 1 to 3 ethylene oxide units.
- the R 10 / R 9 groups may be linked together via an oxygen or nitrogen atom and thus form a ring.
- These amine oxides particularly include C 10 -C 18 alkyl dimethyl amine oxides and C 8 -C 12 alkoxyethyl dihydroxyethyl amine oxides.
- the mixtures according to the invention also contain anionic surfactants.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are, in particular, straight-chain and branched Alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates, alkyl ester sulfonates, Arylalkylsulfonate, alkyl ether sulfates and mixtures of the above Links. The following are some of the candidate types of anionic surfactants are described in more detail.
- Alkyl ester sulfonates are linear esters of C 8 -C 20 carboxylic acids (ie, fatty acids) that are sulfonated by SO 3 , as described in The Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 52 (1975), pp. 323-329.
- Suitable starting materials are natural fatty derivatives, such as tallow or palm oil fatty acid.
- Alkyl sulfates are water-soluble salts or acids of the formula ROSO 3 M, wherein R preferably has a C 10 -C 24 -hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 10 to 20 C atoms, particularly preferably a C 12 -C 18 -alkyl or Represents hydroxyalkyl.
- M is hydrogen or a cation, for example an alkali metal cation (eg sodium, potassium, lithium) or ammonium or substituted ammonium, for example a methyl, dimethyl and trimethylammonium cation or a quaternary ammonium cation, such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cation and quaternary ammonium cations, derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine and mixtures thereof.
- Alkyl chains with C 12 -C 16 are preferred for low washing temperatures (eg below about 50 ° C) and alkyl chains with C 16 -C 18 preferably for higher washing temperatures (eg above about 50 ° C).
- the alkyl ether sulfates are water-soluble salts or acids of the formula RO (A) m SO 3 M, where R is an unsubstituted C 10 -C 24 -alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 10 to 24 C atoms, preferably a C 12 -C 20 -alkyl radical. or hydroxyalkyl radical, particularly preferably a C 12 -C 18 -alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical.
- A is an ethoxy or propoxy moiety
- m is a number greater than 0, typically between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably between about 0.5 and about 3
- M is a hydrogen atom or a cation such as for example, a metal cation (eg, sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, etc.), ammonium, or a substituted ammonium cation.
- substituted ammonium cations are methyl, dimethyl, trimethylammonium and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations, as well as those derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mixtures thereof and the like.
- C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethoxylate (1.0) sulfate, C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethoxylate (2,25) sulfate, C 12 -C 18 -alkyl polyethoxylate (3, 0) sulfate, C 12 -C 18 alkyl polyethoxylate (4.0) sulfate, wherein the cation is sodium or potassium.
- anionic surfactants useful in laundry detergents and cleaners are C 8 -C 24 olefin sulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids prepared by sulfonation of pyrolysis products of alkaline earth metal citrates such as described in British Patent GB 1,082,179, alkyl glycerol sulfates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfates, oleyl glycerol sulfates, Alkylphenol ether sulfates, primary paraffin sulfonates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, isethionates such as acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurides, alkyl succinamates, sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C 12 -C 18 monoesters) and diesters of sulfosuccinates (especially
- Resin acids or hydrogenated resin acids such as rosin or hydrogenated rosin or tall oil resins and tall oil rosin acids are also useful. Further examples are described in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol. I and II, Schwartz, Perry and Berch). A variety of such surfactants are also claimed in U.S. Patent 3,929,678.
- amphoteric surfactants used in the formulations of the present invention Invention can be used, especially those that are widely used as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines are described in which the Aliphatic radical may be linear or branched and in which one of the aliphatic substituents between. Contains 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one anionic, water-soluble group, such as e.g. Carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate.
- amphoteric surfactants are alkyl dimethyl betaines, Alkylamidobetaines and Alkyldipolyethoxybetaine having an alkyl radical which is linear or be branched, with. 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 Carbon atoms and particularly preferably with. 12 to. 18 carbon atoms. These compounds are e.g. from the Clariant GmbH under the trade name Genagen® CAB markets.
- the washing and cleaning agents contain, depending on the application, in addition to the mentioned surfactants nor the respectively specific auxiliaries and additives for example, builders, salts, bleaches, bleach activators, optical brighteners, Complexing agents, grayness inhibitors, solubilizers, enzymes, Thickeners, preservatives, perfumes and dyes, pearlescing agents, Foam inhibitors, sequestering agents.
- auxiliaries and additives for example, builders, salts, bleaches, bleach activators, optical brighteners, Complexing agents, grayness inhibitors, solubilizers, enzymes, Thickeners, preservatives, perfumes and dyes, pearlescing agents, Foam inhibitors, sequestering agents.
- organic and inorganic builders are neutral or especially alkaline salts that precipitate calcium ions or to bind complex.
- Suitable and especially ecological harmless builders such as fine crystalline, synthetic hydrous Zeolites of type NaA having a calcium binding capacity in the range of 100 to 200 mg CaO / g, find a preferred use.
- non-aqueous Systems phyllosilicates are preferably used. Zeolite and the Layered silicates may be present in an amount of up to 20% by weight on average.
- Useful organic builders are, for example, those which are preferably in the form their sodium salts used percarboxylic acids, such as citric acid and Nitriloacetate (NTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, if such use of ecological reasons is not objectionable. Analogous to this can also polymeric carboxylates and their salts are used. These include for example, the salts of homopolymeric or copolymeric polyacrylates, Polymethyacrylate and in particular copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid, preferably those of 50% to 10% maleic acid and also polyvinylpyrrolidone and urethanes.
- the molecular weight of the homopolymers is generally between 1000 and 100,000, that of the copolymers between 2000 and 200,000, preferably 50,000 to 120,000, based on the free acid, in particular also suitable water-soluble polyacrylates, for example, with about 1% of a Polyallylethers of sucrose are cross-linked and have a molecular weight own over one million. Examples are those under the name Carbopol 940 and 941 available polymers.
- the crosslinked polyacrylates are used in Amounts not exceeding 1% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 0.2 to 0.7% by weight used.
- the agents according to the invention can be used as foam inhibitors Fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and paraffins, waxes, Microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica. With Advantage may also be used mixtures of different foam inhibitors, e.g. those made of silicone oil, paraffin oil or waxes. Preferably Foam inhibitors to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible Vehicle bound.
- the liquid detergents can optical brighteners, for example derivatives of Diaminostilbendisulfonklare or their alkali metal salts, which are well in have the dispersion incorporated.
- the maximum content of brighteners in the inventive compositions is 0.5 wt .-%, preferably amounts of 0.02 to 0.25 wt .-% used.
- the desired viscosity of the agents can be adjusted by adding water and / or organic solvents or by adding a combination of organic solvents and other thickening agents.
- organic solvents all mono- or polyhydric alcohols are suitable as organic solvents.
- Alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, straight-chain and branched butanol, glycerol and mixtures of the alcohols mentioned are preferably used. More preferred alcohols are polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight less than 2,000.
- polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of between 200 and 600 and up to 45% by weight and polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of between 400 and 600 in amounts of 5 to 25 wt .-% preferred.
- An advantageous mixture of solvents consists of monomeric alcohol, for example ethanol and polyethylene glycol in a ratio of 0.5: 1 to 1.2: 1, wherein the liquid detergent according to the invention may contain 8 to 12 wt .-% of such a mixture.
- suitable solvents include triacetin (glycerol triacetate) and 1-methoxy-2-propanol.
- a thickener are preferably hydrogenated castor oil, salts of long-chain fatty acids, preferably in amounts of 0 to 5 wt .-% and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 2 wt .-%, for example sodium.
- Potassium-, Aluminum, magnesium and titanium stearates or the sodium and / or potassium salts behenic acid, as well as polysaccharides, especially xanthan gum, guar guar, Agar-agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethylcellulose and Hydroxyethylcellulose, also higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone used.
- Enzymes are those from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases or their mixtures in question. Their proportion can be 0.2 to 1 wt .-%.
- the enzymes can be adsorbed to carrier substances and / or in coating substances be embedded.
- the salts of Polyphosphoric acids such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and Diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid (DTPMP), preferably in Weight amounts of 0.1 to 1.0 wt .-% are used.
- HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid
- DTPMP Diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid
- Suitable preservatives are, for example, phenoxyethanol, Formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid.
- glycol distearic acid esters such as Ethylene glycol distearate, but also fatty acid monoglycol esters.
- salts or adjusting agents for example, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate or sodium silicate (water glass) are used.
- further additives include sodium borate, starch, sucrose, polydextrose, stilbene compounds, methylcellulose, toluenesulfonate, cumene sulfonate, soaps and silicones.
- the agents according to the invention are usually at a pH value in the range 1 to 12, preferably adjusted to pH 2.1 to 7.8, particularly preferably 2.2 to 6.5.
- the said formulations are Acryloyldimethyltaurat containing Copolymers used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%. It is preferred with worked in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%. Particularly preferred is the range from 0.2 to 2% by weight. Depending on the amount of polymer used, the viscosity of the resulting gels are between 100 and 100,000 mPas.
- the thickening of organic solvents, especially alcohols, in combination with anionic and nonionic surfactants and others Formulating ingredients is through the use of acryloyldimethyltaurate containing copolymers easily possible.
- organic solvents especially alcohols, in combination with anionic and nonionic surfactants and others
- the resulting gels may contain between 0.1 and 90% by weight of organic solvent. Preference is given to a proportion of 5 to 80 wt .-%.
- Acryloyldimethyltaurat containing copolymers in these formulations in used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%. Preference is given to a lot from 0.1 to 5 wt .-% worked. Particularly preferred is the range of 0.2 to 2% by weight.
- the viscosities of the resulting detergent gels containing organic solvents vary between 100 and 100,000 mPas, depending on used amount of polymer.
- Possible Fields of use according to the invention are, for example, bathroom cleaners, glass cleaners, and Floor cleaner.
- Disinfection gels play a major role in the hygiene sector and enjoy the Market for some years rising obesity.
- Specially gels in use as "liquid toilet blocks” are in the sanitary area for years on the Rise.
- the said formulations are Acryloyldimethyltaurat containing Copolymers used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%. It is preferred with worked in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%. Particularly preferred is the range from 0.2 to 2% by weight. Depending on the amount of polymer used, the viscosity of the resulting gels are between 100 and 100,000 mPas.
- Formulations according to the invention may contain organic or inorganic peroxides, in particular hydrogen peroxide or a mixture thereof.
- organic or inorganic peroxides in particular hydrogen peroxide or a mixture thereof.
- solutions of peroxide with conventional thickeners are difficult to thicken or stabilize over an extended period of time. The reason lies in the fact that a hydrogen peroxide solution is already comparatively unstable at neutral or only slightly acidic pH values. In the decay, the thickeners are attacked and the viscosity decreases over time greatly. In addition, there is a significant loss of hydrogen peroxide activity.
- Bleaching solutions e.g. for the cleaning of laundry (liquid stain remover) or Dishes:
- a solution of 0.1 to 30% ww H 2 O 2 preferably from 1 to 15% ww, particularly preferably from 3 to 10% ww, can be thickened by means of inventive acryloyldimethyltaurate polymers at pH values ⁇ 5. Even at elevated storage temperatures, a stable viscosity over months is found. The thickening of the bleaching solution makes it easier for the user to set the optimal dosage. The solution does not splash and the handling is safer.
- Peroxide-containing cleaners may e.g. in the field of cleaning hard surfaces in the Hygiene or sanitary area are used. In this case, you can Formulations are also prepared which include anionic and nonionic surfactants contain. Very useful are such agents, for example for the cleaning of Toilets.
- the peroxide-based cleaner adheres to the ceramic and can so his optimally develop cleansing and disinfecting effects.
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Abstract
Description
günstiges rheologisches Verhalten, sowie durch eine gute Kompatibilität mit anderen Komponenten aus. Sie weisen eine hohe Lagerstabilität auf, insbesondere eine hohe Stabilität von hydrolyseempfindlichen Komponenten, beispielsweise bei Oxidationsmitteln in den Formulierungen, bevorzugt in sauren Formulierungen und sind UV stabil.
und
und
69,5 bis 97,5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 84,5 bis 96,5 Gew.-%, der Struktureinheit b) und
0,01 bis 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,2 bis 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere bevorzugt 0,5 bis 2 Gew.-%, der Struktureinheit c).
Die vernetzenden Struktureinheiten c) leiten sich bevorzugt ab von Acryl- oder Methacrylsäureallylester, Trimethylolpropantriacrylat, Trimethylolpropanmethacrylat, Dipropylenglykoldiallylether, Polyglykoldiallylether, Triethylenglykoldivinylether, Hydrochinondiallylether, Tetraallyloxyethan oder anderen Allyl- oder Vinylethern multifunktioneller Alkohole, Tetraethylenglykoldiacrylat, Triallylamin, Trimethylolpropandiallylether, Methylenbisacrylamid und/oder Divinylbenzol.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Acrylsäureallylester, Methacrylsäureallylester, Trimethylolpropantriacrylat und/oder Trimethylolpropanmethacrylat.
Insbesondere bevorzugt leiten sich die vernetzenden Strukturen ab von Monomeren der allgemeinen Formel (4) worin R Wasserstoff, Methyl oder Ethyl bedeutet.
Wie in EP-1 116 733 beschrieben, werden dabei die Monomeren entsprechend den Formeln (1), (2) und (3) in einem protischen Lösungsmittel, bevorzugt tert.-Butanol gelöst oder dispergiert. Anschließend werden zu dieser Lösung oder Dispersion ein oder mehrere Vernetzer c) gegeben und die Polymerisation in bekannter Weise durch Zugabe einer radikalbildenden Verbindung gestartet.
Die Polymerisationsreaktion erfolgt vorzugsweise in einem wasserlöslichen Alkohol oder einem Gemisch mehrerer Alkohole mit 1 bis 6 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise in tert.-Butanol. Der Wassergehalt des Alkohols oder Alkoholgemisches sollte 10 Gew.-% nicht überschreiten, da sonst im Verlauf der Polymerisation eine Klumpenbildung auftreten kann. Die Wahl der Art und der Menge des Lösungsmittels sollte so erfolgen, dass das Salz der Acrylamidoalkylsulfonsäure entsprechend Formel (3), insbesondere der 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-propan-sulfonsäure, darin weitgehend löslich oder dispergierbar ist. Unter weitgehend löslich oder dispergierbar ist zu verstehen, dass sich auch nach Abstellen des Rührwerks kein festes Material aus der Lösung oder Dispersion absetzt. Das im Verlaufe der Reaktion entstehende Polymerisat soll hingegen in dem gewählten Lösungsmittel bzw. Lösungsmittelgemisch weitgehend unlöslich sein. Unter weitgehend unlöslich ist hierbei zu verstehen, dass im Verlauf der Polymerisation eine gut rührbare, breiige Polymerpaste entsteht, in der sich keine Klumpen oder Verklebungen bilden. Das durch Absaugen der Paste erhältliche Filtrat sollte einen Feststoffgehalt von maximal 5 Gew.-% aufweisen. Sind die Copolymere in stärkerem Ausmaß im gewählten Lösungsmittel oder Lösungsmittelgemisch löslich, kann es beim Trocknen der Polymerisatpaste zu Verklumpungen kommen.
Die Polymerisationsreaktion selbst wird in an sich bekannter Weise durch radikalbildende Verbindungen wie Azoinitiatoren (z.B. Azobisisobutyronitril), Peroxide (z.B. Dilaurylperoxid) oder Persulfate im Temperaturintervall von 20 bis 120°C, vorzugsweise zwischen 40 und 80°C, gestartet und über einen Zeitraum von 30 Minuten bis mehrere Stunden fortgeführt.
Das Eigenschaftsprofil der Copolymere lässt sich durch Variation des oben Mischungsverhältnisses der Monomere sowie der Vernetzer variieren. So kann z.B. durch den verstärkten Einbau von Acrylamidosulfonsäure/-salz die verdickende Wirkung der Polymerisate verbessert werden. Durch Einbau von mehr cyclischem N-Vinylcarbonsäureamid wird dagegen die Elektrolytverträglichkeit der Polymerisate und deren Löslichkeit in nicht-wässrigen Systemen verbessert.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel enthalten bevorzugt 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere bevorzugt 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-%, an Copolymeren.
In Betracht kommen organische oder anorganische Säuren, bevorzugt organische Säuren, insbesondere bevorzugt alpha-Hydroxysäuren und Säuren ausgewählt aus Glykolsäure, Milchsäure, Zitronensäure, Weinsäure, Mandelsäure, Salicylsäure, Ascorbinsäure, Brenztraubensäure, Oligooxa Mono- und Dicarbonsäuren, Fumarsäure, Retinoesäure, aliphatische und organische Sulfonsäuren, Benzoesäure, Kojisäure, Fruchtsäure, Äpfelsäure, Gluconsäure, Galacturonsäure, saure Pflanzen- und/oder Fruchtextrakte und deren Derivate.
Wasserfreie, wasserlösliche anorganische Salze sind ebenfalls als Bleichmittel geeignet, so z.B. Lithium-, Natrium-, oder Calciumhypochlorit und -hypobromit. Chloriertes Trinatriumphosphat kommt ebenfalls in Betracht.
Organische Persäuren und Diacylperoxide, beispielsweise Peroxybenzoesäure und deren am Benzolring substituierte Analoga, aliphatische und substituierte aliphatische Monoperoxysäuren, beispielsweise Peroxylaurinsäure oder Peroxystearinsäure, Alkyldiperoxysäuren und Aryldiperoxysäuren wie 1,12-Diperoxydodecansäure, 1,9-Diperoxybrassidylsäure, Diperoxysebacylsäure, Diperoxyisophthalsäure, sowie Dibenzoylperoxid.
Zu den anorganischen Peroxyverbindungen, die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung einsetzbar sind, zählen beispielsweise Monopersulfate, Perborate und Percarbonate. Die anorganischen Peroxyverbindungen werden in der Regel als Alkalisalze eingesetzt, vorzugsweise als Lithium-, Natrium- und Kaliumsalze.
Darüber hinaus kommen erfindungsgemäß auch andere bekannte Typen von nichtionischen Tensiden in Frage, wie Polyethylen-, Polypropylen- und Polybutylenoxidaddukte von Alkylphenolen mit 6 bis 12 C-Atomen in der Alkylkette, Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid mit einer hydrophoben Base, gebildet aus der Kondensation von Propylenoxid mit Propylenglykol oder Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid mit einem Reaktionsprodukt von Propylenoxid und Ethylendiamin.
Diese Aminoxide umfassen besonders C10-C18-Alkyldimethylaminoxide und C8-C12-Alkoxyethyl-Dihydroxyethylaminoxide.
Prinzipiell kommen als organische Lösungsmittel alle ein- oder mehrwertigen Alkohole in Betracht. Bevorzugt werden Alkohole mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen wie Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Isopropanol, geradkettige und verzweigtes Butanol, Glycerin und Mischungen aus den genannten Alkoholen eingesetzt. Weitere bevorzugte Alkohole sind Polyethylenglykole mit einer relativen Molekülmasse unter 2000. Insbesondere ist ein Einsatz von Polyethylenglykol mit einer relativen Molekülmasse zwischen 200 und 600 und in Mengen bis zu 45 Gew.-% und von Polyethylenglykol mit einer relativen Molekülmasse zwischen 400 und 600 in Mengen von 5 bis 25 Gew.-% bevorzugt. Eine vorteilhafte Mischung aus Lösungsmitteln besteht aus monomerem Alkohol, beispielsweise Ethanol und Polyethylenglykol im Verhältnis 0,5 : 1 bis 1,2 : 1, wobei die erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigwaschmittel 8 bis 12 Gew.-% einer solchen Mischung enthalten können. Weitere geeignete Lösungsmittel sind beispielsweise Triacetin (Glycerintriacetat) und 1-Methoxy-2-propanol.
Als typische Einzelbeispiele für weitere Zusatzstoffe sind Natriumborat, Stärke, Saccharose, Polydextrose, Stilbenverbindungen, Methylcellulose, Toluolsulfonat, Cumolsulfonat, Seifen und Silicone zu nennen.
Durch Einsatz von Acryloyldimethyltaurat enthaltenden Copolymere kann diese Limitierung beseitigt werden. Es ist erstmals möglich, flüssige Desinfektionsmittel enthaltende Reinigungsgele mit sauren Formulierungsbestandteilen wie Fruchtsäure oder alpha-Hydroxycarbonsäuren zu kombinieren und damit neben der antiseptischen auch noch eine "kalklösende" Wirkung zu erzielen.
Erfindungsgemäße Formulierungen können organische oder anorganische Peroxide, insbesondere Wasserstoffperoxid oder eine Mischung dieser enthalten. Bei verschiedenen Anwendungen ist es wünschenswert, dass die Peroxidlösungen auf dem Untergrund haften und nicht Ablaufen, damit die Wirkung zur vollen Entfaltung kommen kann. Jedoch lassen sich Lösungen von Peroxid mit herkömmlichen Verdickern nur schwer über einen längeren Zeitraum verdicken bzw. stabilisieren. Der Grund ist darin zu suchen, dass eine Wasserstoffperoxidlösung bei neutralen bzw. nur schwach sauren pH-Werten bereits vergleichsweise instabil ist. Bei dem Zerfall werden auch die Verdicker angegriffen und die Viskosität baut über die Zeit stark ab. Dadurch kommt es zusätzlich zu einem erheblichen Verlust der Wasserstoffperoxidaktivität Bei sauren pH-Werten ist der Zerfall von Wasserstoffperoxid stark retardiert, jedoch bricht die Verdickungsleistung von Verdickern auf Acrylsäurebasis bei pH-Werten < 5,5 zusammen.
Der Einsatz von Acryloyldimethytauratpolymeren in Bleichlösungen verdickt die Formulierung auch bei pH-Werten deutlich unterhalb des Schwellenwertes von pH 5. Die Verdickungsleistung der erfindungsgemäßen Polymere bleibt in einem pH-Wert-Intervall von 1 bis 9 nahezu konstant. Es sind mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verdickern daher sogar Formulierungen mit pH-Werten um pH 1 zugänglich. In diesem pH-Bereich findet über normale Lagerzeiträume kein merklicher Zerfall von H2O2 statt, was zu Folge hat, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Acryloyldimethytauratpolymere nicht angegriffen und zerstört werden und somit die Viskosität der erfindungsgemäßen Formulierung nahezu konstant bleibt. Im folgenden werden zur Illustration der Erfindung einige nicht beschränkende Einsatzmöglichkeiten von solchen sauren verdickten Wasserstoffperoxidlösungen dargestellt:
Claims (5)
- Flüssige Wasch-, Reinigungs-, Desinfektions- und Bleichmittel, enthaltend Copolymere, die Struktureinheiten umfassen, welche abgeleitet sind ausa1) 1 bis 50 Gew.-% der wiederkehrenden Struktureinheit der Formel (1) wobei n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 9 bedeutet
odera2) 1 bis 50 Gew.-% einer Mischung der wiederkehrenden Struktureinheit der Formel (1) und der wiederkehrenden Struktureinheit der Formel (2) wobei R, R1 und R2 gleich oder verschieden sein können und Wasserstoff oder eine lineare oder verzweigte Alkyl- oder Alkenylgruppe mit jeweils-1 bis 30, bevorzugt 1 bis 20, insbesondere 1 bis 12 C-Atomen, bedeuten
undb) 49,99 bis 98,99 Gew.-% der wiederkehrenden Struktureinheit der Formel (3) worin R3 Wasserstoff, Methyl oder Ethyl, Z (C1-C8)-Alkylen, n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 9 und X bevorzugt Li+, Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, AI+++, NH4 +, Monoalkyl-ammonium-, Dialkylammonium-, Trialkylammonium- und/oder Tetraalkyl-ammoniumreste, wobei es sich bei den Alkylsubstituenten der Amine unabhängig voneinander um (C1-C22)-Alkylreste oder (C2-C10)-Hydroxyalkylreste handeln kann, bedeuten
undc) 0,01 bis 8 Gew.-% vernetzenden Strukturen, die aus Monomeren mit mindestens zwei olefinischen Doppelbindungen hervorgegangen sind. - Flüssige Wasch-, Reinigungs-, Desinfektions- und Bleichmittel nach Anspruch 1, worin die Copolymere ein Molekulargewicht Mw von 103 g/mol bis 109g/mol aufweisen.
- Flüssige Wasch-, Reinigungs-, Desinfektions- und Bleichmittel nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, worin die Acryloyldimethyltaurate (Struktureinheit a) Li+-, Na+-, K+-, Mg++-, Ca++-, Al+++-, NH4 +-, Monoalkylammonium-, Dialkylammonium-, Trialkylammonium- und/oder Tetraalkylammoniumsalze sind, wobei es sich bei den Alkylsubstituenten der Amine unabhängig voneinander um (C1-C22)-Alkylreste handelt, die gegebenenfalls mit bis zu 3 (C2-C10)-Hydroxyalkylgruppen besetzt sein können.
- Flüssige Wasch-, Reinigungs-, Desinfektions- und Bleichmittel nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, worin bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse der Copolymere der Gehalt an Acryloyldimethyltaurinsäure bzw. Acryloyldimethyltauraten 0,1 bis 99,9 Gew.-% beträgt.
- Flüssige Wasch-, Reinigungs-, Desinfektions- und Bleichmittel nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, worin als Comonomere c) olefinisch ungesättigten Monomere eingesetzt werden, ausgewählt aus N-Vinylformamid (VIFA), N-Vinylmethylformamid, N-Vinylmethylacetamid (VIMA) und N-Vinylacetamid; cyclischen N-Vinylamide (N-Vinyllactame) mit einer Ringgröße von 3 bis 9, bevorzugt N-Vinylpyrrolidon (NVP) und N-Vinylcaprolactam; Amide der Acryl- und Methacrylsäure, bevorzugt Acrylamid, Methacrylamid, N,N-Dimethylacrylamid, N,N-Diethylacrylamid und N,N-Diisopropylacrylamid; alkoxylierte Acryl- und Methacrylamide, bevorzugt Hydroxyethylmethacrylat, Hydroxymethylmethacrylamid, Hydroxyethylmethacrylamid, Hydroxypropylmethacrylamid und Bernsteinsäuremono-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylester]; N,N-Dimethylaminomethacrylat; Diethylaminomethylmethacrylat; Acryl- und Methacrylamidoglykolsäure; 2- und 4-Vinylpyridin; Vinylacetat; Methacrylsäureglycidylester; Styrol; Acrylnitril; Stearylacrylat; Laurylmethacrylat.
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DE10322269A DE10322269A1 (de) | 2003-05-16 | 2003-05-16 | Flüssige Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel mit Konsistenzgebenden Polymeren |
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EP (1) | EP1477553B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004339518A (de) |
DE (2) | DE10322269A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1477553T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2308067T3 (de) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20050003984A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
DE10322269A1 (de) | 2004-12-02 |
DK1477553T3 (da) | 2008-09-22 |
ES2308067T3 (es) | 2008-12-01 |
PL1477553T3 (pl) | 2008-12-31 |
JP2004339518A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
EP1477553B1 (de) | 2008-07-02 |
DE502004007470D1 (de) | 2008-08-14 |
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