EP1404491B1 - Pressure-operated power screwdriver having a measuring section - Google Patents

Pressure-operated power screwdriver having a measuring section Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1404491B1
EP1404491B1 EP02754816A EP02754816A EP1404491B1 EP 1404491 B1 EP1404491 B1 EP 1404491B1 EP 02754816 A EP02754816 A EP 02754816A EP 02754816 A EP02754816 A EP 02754816A EP 1404491 B1 EP1404491 B1 EP 1404491B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
housing
measuring section
power wrench
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02754816A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1404491A1 (en
Inventor
Paul-Heinz Wagner
Ulf Sittig
Bernd Thelen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wagner Vermoegensverwaltungs GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Wagner Vermoegensverwaltungs GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20111326U external-priority patent/DE20111326U1/en
Application filed by Wagner Vermoegensverwaltungs GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Wagner Vermoegensverwaltungs GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP09168184.1A priority Critical patent/EP2113341B1/en
Publication of EP1404491A1 publication Critical patent/EP1404491A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1404491B1 publication Critical patent/EP1404491B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/145—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1456—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for fluid operated wrenches or screwdrivers having electrical components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/004—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type
    • B25B21/005—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose of the ratchet type driven by a radially acting hydraulic or pneumatic piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure-operated hydraulic or pneumatic power wrench with a drive part and a functional part, wherein the functional part has a shaft driven by a ratchet lever, which has a driving device, and with a measuring section determining the torsion element.
  • a hydraulic power wrench of this type is known from DE 296 07 207 ,
  • the shaft extends transversely through the housing of the functional part. Outside the housing, a torsional measuring section is provided on the shaft.
  • a torsion sensor in the form of multiple strain gauges is mounted on the shaft.
  • the torsion sensor forms an electrical resistance arrangement whose resistance is dependent on the torsional moment.
  • a driving device At the end of the shaft is a driving device, which can be coupled with a tool or with a screw head.
  • This power wrench with measuring cell makes it possible to measure the torsional moment acting on the screw, whereby the tightening torque can be determined directly at the screw connection.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pressure-operated power wrench with drive part, functional part and a measuring section, which has small dimensions in the axial direction of the screw and thus at low head height (above the screw) can be used.
  • the measuring section is formed in a cavity of the shaft or a hollow shaft connected therewith in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the torsion sensor of the measuring section is attached to the inner wall of the cavity.
  • the torsion sensor There is no space for the torsion sensor on the outside of the shaft. This can overlap with a toothing, which is provided on the outside of the shaft and on which engages the ratchet lever.
  • the measuring section of the shaft does not require any additional length.
  • Added to that in the Cavity of the torsion sensor is protected from external influences is housed and that an additional encapsulation of the measuring section is not required.
  • an angle sensor may be provided which determines the angle of rotation of the shaft.
  • a direct rotation angle measurement also takes place at the same time.
  • the integration of the angle sensor in the power wrench, the flat construction is not significantly affected, so that the direct measurement can be performed even in extremely confined spaces. It has been found that the combination measurement of torque and angle of rotation allows the most accurate tightening process for highly sensitive screw connections.
  • the angle sensor is preferably arranged in a cap which encloses the one end of the shaft. In this way, there is a protection of the angle sensor from mechanical damage and contamination.
  • the lateral extension of the housing can be kept relatively small by the cap. Through the cap, a data transmission can take place, either by means of slip rings or by wireless transmission.
  • the power screwdriver after the Figures 1 and 2 has a drive part 10 and a functional part 11.
  • the drive part 10 is replaceably attached to the functional part 11.
  • the driving part 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) in which a piston is slidable.
  • the drive part 10 has on the cylinder housing 12 a pivotable connection device 13 for hydraulic hoses.
  • the functional part 11 has a housing 14, which here consists of two assembled housing halves 14a and 14b.
  • a housing 14 In the housing 14 there is a cavity 15, in which a (not shown) ratchet lever of the drive member 10 can be pivoted back and forth.
  • a shaft 17 In a transverse bore 16 which extends through the housing 14, a shaft 17 is rotatably mounted.
  • This shaft 17 has in the interior of the housing 14 has a circumferential toothing 18, in which engages a toothing of the ratchet lever. This way everyone gets Hub of the drive member 10, the shaft 17 is rotated about its axis by a certain angular amount. Then the return stroke of the ratchet lever, in which the shaft 17 is not taken.
  • the shaft 17 has at one end a driving device 20, which is designed here as a key nut 40 and forms a Einsteckaus Principleung 21 of hexagonal cross-section.
  • the Einsteckausnaturalung 21 is located in the protruding from the housing 14 part of the shaft 17 and extends into the housing 14 into it. In this way, the protruding from the housing part of the shaft can be kept relatively short.
  • the insertion recess 21 merges into a cavity 22 which is formed in the shaft 17.
  • the torsion sensor 23 is in the form of strain gauges, which are glued to the peripheral wall.
  • an inwardly projecting annular flange 24 which protects the torsion sensor 23 against external interference.
  • the cavity 22 forms an axial extension of the Einsteckaus Principleung 21.
  • the Einsteckausnaturalung 21 When the Einsteckaus Principleung 21 is placed on a nut to be rotated, the cavity 22 can accommodate the protruding from the nut screw shank. Therefore, the insertion recess 21 may have a relatively small axial length.
  • the Einsteckaus supraung can also serve to receive the shaft of a key nut or be designed as a square opening.
  • the cavity 22 is adjoined by a frusto-conical transition 26, which opens into a receiving space 27 in which a data transmission element 28 is contained.
  • a cable channel 29 extends to the data transmission element 28.
  • the data transmission element 28 is, for example a slip ring assembly which connects an external cable 30 to the torsion sensor 23 which is rotatable with the shaft 17. Alternatively, the transmission can also be wireless.
  • the cable 30 leads to a cable connection 31 (FIG. Fig. 1 ), which is provided on a cantilever arm 32 of the housing 14 and to which a control or measuring device can be connected.
  • the hydraulic power wrench is further equipped with a rotation angle measuring device 33.
  • This has a code disk 34 which is fixed on the Einsteckaus Principleung 21 remote from the end of the shaft 17, and an angle sensor 35 which responds to the lines of the code disk 34 and thereby determines the angle of rotation of the shaft.
  • the angle sensor 35 consists of a fork-type photoelectric sensor into which protrudes the code disk 34 projecting radially from the shaft.
  • the angle sensor 35 is contained in a cap 36 which is mounted on a part of the housing 14 and fastened with screws 37.
  • the cap 36 surrounds the rear end of the shaft 17 facing away from the Einsteckaus originallyung 21 and at the same time forms a protective housing for this shaft end and the angle measuring device 33. From the angle sensor 35 leads a cable 38 to the cable terminal 31, so that both the torsion sensor 23 and the Angle sensor 35 is electrically accessible to the cable connector 31.
  • the drive part 10 and the functional part 11 are each formed in the same manner as described with reference to FIG FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described. In each case, the power transmission from the shaft to the key nut is different, as will be explained below.
  • the shaft 17 is arranged in the housing over its entire length.
  • a driving device 20a in the form of a splined toothing, which engages with a corresponding external toothing of a key nut 40.
  • the key nut 40 has a hexagonal insertion recess 21 in a widened head 41.
  • the head 41 extends partially into the housing 14.
  • a hollow shaft 42 connects.
  • This hollow shaft has an outer wedge toothing which engages with the driving device 20a of the shaft 17.
  • the drive torque is transmitted from the shaft 17 to the hollow shaft 42 and from there via the measuring section 25 to the head 41 of the key nut 40.
  • the head 41 is recessed in the housing 14, so that the axial length of the power wrench can be kept extremely short.
  • Fig. 4 corresponds to that of Fig. 3 , but with the difference that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the inside of the hollow shaft 42. Electrical Connecting cables can be easily guided through the hollow shaft to the torsion sensor.
  • the shaft 17 projects out of the housing 14 towards the rear end.
  • a spline toothing 20 a which engages with a corresponding driving device 20 a on the outside of an intermediate shaft 44.
  • the intermediate shaft extends to the front through the housing 14 and it has in its front region an internal spline 45 and in its rear region a bearing bore 46th
  • the key nut 40 has a head 41 with a Einsteckaus predominantlyung 21. At this head, a hollow shaft 42 connects, on which a splined portion is provided, which engages with the spline 45 of the intermediate shaft 44.
  • the hollow shaft 42 is followed by a hollow shaft section 47, which is mounted in the bearing bore 46.
  • the measuring section 25 In the area between the two splines 20a and 45 is the measuring section 25, with the torsion sensor 23 mounted in an outer groove of the intermediate shaft 44.
  • Fig. 5 can also be modified so that the torsion sensor 23 is contained on the inner wall of the intermediate shaft 44 in a recess.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the key nut 40 is connected to a hollow shaft 42 which engages in an inner driving device 20a of the shaft 17.
  • the shaft 17 extends across the width of the housing 14, but does not substantially surmount this.
  • the key nut 40 forms with the hollow shaft 42 a structural unit, which can be pulled out of the shaft 17 in total.
  • the measuring section 25 is located on the keyed nut 40 in the area between the insertion recess 21 and the hollow shaft 42.
  • electrical wires 48 extend through the hollow shaft to a data transmission element 28, which operates in the same way as in FIG Fig. 2 is arranged, but here is located inside the hollow shaft 42.
  • the power wrench is equipped with a rotation angle measuring device 33 which has a code disk 34 seated on the hollow shaft 42 and a housing-fixed angle sensor 35.
  • Fig. 7 is different from that of Fig. 6 only in that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the outside of the measuring section 25. Through the hollow shaft 42 performs a bore 46 for carrying the coming of the torsion sensor cable 23 into the interior of the hollow shaft.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which the key nut 40 is extended with a hollow shaft 42 which includes a measuring section 25, wherein the torsion sensor 23 is arranged in the interior of the hollow shaft 42.
  • the hollow shaft 42 is connected to an intermediate shaft 49, which engages in an inner driving device 20 a of the shaft 17. Through the intermediate shaft 49, the cable coming from the torsion sensor 23 passes through to emerge at the rear.
  • Fig. 9 is different from the one of Fig. 8 only in that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the outside of the measuring section 25. From there, a bore 46 leads into the interior of the hollow shaft 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The power screwdriver comprises a functional part (11) with a housing (14) through which a shaft (17) passes. The shaft (17) is provided with a toothing (18), into which a ratchet lever of the functional part (11) engages. A splined shaft toothing (20) of the shaft (17) has an insertion recess (21) that changes into a cavity (22). The wall of the cavity (22) is provided with a torsion sensor (23) and forms a measuring section (25) that is located in the area of the shaft (17) covering the housing (14). A torsion measurement is effected in the measuring section (25). Due to the measuring section (25) being located in the area of the shaft covering the housing (14), the shaft (17) is relatively short whereby enabling it to be used under tight spatial screwing conditions involving a low head height above the screw. The power screwdriver is additionally provided with an angle measuring device (33) whereby torque and angle of rotation can be simultaneously provided and can be used for controlling and recording.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen druckbetriebenen hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Kraftschrauber mit einem Antriebsteil und einem Funktionsteil, wobei der Funktionsteil eine von einem Ratschenhebel angetriebene Welle aufweist, die eine Mitnahmevorrichtung aufweist, und mit einem das Torsionselement ermittelnden Messabschnitt.The invention relates to a pressure-operated hydraulic or pneumatic power wrench with a drive part and a functional part, wherein the functional part has a shaft driven by a ratchet lever, which has a driving device, and with a measuring section determining the torsion element.

Ein hydraulischer Kraftschrauber dieser Art ist bekannt aus DE 296 07 207 . Bei diesem Kraftschrauber erstreckt sich die Welle quer durch das Gehäuse des Funktionsteils hindurch. Außerhalb des Gehäuses ist an der Welle ein torsionsfähiger Messabschnitt vorgesehen. In diesem Messabschnitt ist ein Torsionssensor in Form mehrerer Dehnmessstreifen auf der Welle befestigt. Der Torsionssensor bildet eine elektrische Widerstandsanordnung, deren Widerstand von dem Torsionsmoment abhängig ist. Am Ende der Welle befindet sich eine Mitnahmevorrichtung, die mit einem Werkzeug oder mit einem Schraubenkopf gekuppelt werden kann. Dieser Kraftschrauber mit Messzelle ermöglicht es, das auf die Schraube einwirkende Torsionsmoment zu messen, wodurch das Anzugs-Drehmoment direkt an der Schraubverbindung ermittelt werden kann.A hydraulic power wrench of this type is known from DE 296 07 207 , In this power wrench, the shaft extends transversely through the housing of the functional part. Outside the housing, a torsional measuring section is provided on the shaft. In this measuring section, a torsion sensor in the form of multiple strain gauges is mounted on the shaft. The torsion sensor forms an electrical resistance arrangement whose resistance is dependent on the torsional moment. At the end of the shaft is a driving device, which can be coupled with a tool or with a screw head. This power wrench with measuring cell makes it possible to measure the torsional moment acting on the screw, whereby the tightening torque can be determined directly at the screw connection.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen druckbetriebenen Kraftschrauber mit Antriebsteil, Funktionsteil und einem Messabschnitt zu schaffen, der in axialer Richtung der Schraube geringe Abmessungen hat und somit auch bei geringer Kopfhöhe (über der Schraube) einsetzbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a pressure-operated power wrench with drive part, functional part and a measuring section, which has small dimensions in the axial direction of the screw and thus at low head height (above the screw) can be used.

Die Lösung der angegebenen Aufgabe ist durch den Anspruch 1 definiert. Hiernach ist der Messabschnitt in einem Hohlraum der Welle oder einer damit drehfest verbundenen Hohlwelle gebildet. Hierbei ist der Torsionssensor des Messabschnitts an der Innenwand des Hohlraums befestigt. An der Außenseite der Welle wird kein Platz für den Torsionssensor benötigt. Dieser kann sich mit einer Verzahnung überlappen, die an der Außenseite der Welle vorgesehen ist und an der der Ratschenhebel angreift. Somit erfordert der Messabschnitt der Welle keinerlei zusätzliche Länge. Hinzukommt, dass in dem Hohlraum der Torsionssensor vor äußeren Einflüssen geschützt untergebracht ist und dass eine zusätzliche Kapselung des Messabschnitts nicht erforderlich ist.The solution of the stated problem is defined by claim 1. After that, the measuring section is formed in a cavity of the shaft or a hollow shaft connected therewith in a rotationally fixed manner. Here, the torsion sensor of the measuring section is attached to the inner wall of the cavity. There is no space for the torsion sensor on the outside of the shaft. This can overlap with a toothing, which is provided on the outside of the shaft and on which engages the ratchet lever. Thus, the measuring section of the shaft does not require any additional length. Added to that in the Cavity of the torsion sensor is protected from external influences is housed and that an additional encapsulation of the measuring section is not required.

An dem Gehäuse kann ein Winkelsensor vorgesehen sein, der den Drehwinkel der Welle ermittelt. Hierbei erfolgt außer der direkten Drehmomentmessung im Innern des Gerätes auch gleichzeitig eine direkte Drehwinkelmessung. Durch die Integration des Winkelsensors in den Kraftschrauber wird die Flachbauweise nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt, so dass die direkte Messung auch bei extrem beengten Platzverhältnissen durchgeführt werden kann. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Kombinationsmessung von Drehmoment und Drehwinkel das genaueste Anzugsverfahren für hochsensible Schraubverbindungen ermöglicht.On the housing, an angle sensor may be provided which determines the angle of rotation of the shaft. Here, in addition to the direct torque measurement inside the device, a direct rotation angle measurement also takes place at the same time. The integration of the angle sensor in the power wrench, the flat construction is not significantly affected, so that the direct measurement can be performed even in extremely confined spaces. It has been found that the combination measurement of torque and angle of rotation allows the most accurate tightening process for highly sensitive screw connections.

Der Winkelsensor ist vorzugsweise in einer Kappe angeordnet, die das eine Ende der Welle umschließt. Auf diese Weise besteht ein Schutz des Winkelsensors vor mechanischen Beschädigungen und Verschmutzung. Zum anderen kann die seitliche Erweiterung des Gehäuses durch die Kappe relativ kleingehalten werden. Durch die Kappe hindurch kann eine Datenübertragung erfolgen, entweder mit Hilfe von Schleifringen oder durch drahtlose Übertragung.The angle sensor is preferably arranged in a cap which encloses the one end of the shaft. In this way, there is a protection of the angle sensor from mechanical damage and contamination. On the other hand, the lateral extension of the housing can be kept relatively small by the cap. Through the cap, a data transmission can take place, either by means of slip rings or by wireless transmission.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausfüh- rungsform des Kraftschraubers, teilweise geschnitten,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II von Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch eine nicht zur Erfindung gehörende zweite Ausführungsform, bei der der Messabschnitt außen an der Welle angeordnet ist,
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform, bei der der Messabschnitt im Innern der Welle angeordnet ist,
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt durch eine nicht zur Erfindung gehörende vierte Ausführungsform, bei der die Welle mit der Schlüsselnuss über eine Zwischenwelle gekoppelt ist,
Fig. 6
eine fünfte Ausführungsform, bei der der Messabschnitt in einem rohrförmigen Teil der Schlüsselnuss angeordnet ist,
Fig. 7
eine sechste nicht zur Erfindung gehörende Ausführungsform, bei der der Messabschnitt außen an einem rohrförmigen Teil der Schlüsselnuss an- geordnet ist,
Fig. 8
ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem der Messab- schnitt in einem rohrförmigen Teil der Schlüsselnuss angeordnet ist, die ihrerseits mit einer Zwischenwelle verbunden ist, und
Fig. 9
eine nicht zur Erfindung gehörende ähnliche Version wie Fig. 8, jedoch mit außen an- geordnetem Messabschnitt.
Show it:
Fig. 1
1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the power wrench, partially in section,
Fig. 2
a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a section through a not belonging to the invention second embodiment, in which the measuring section is arranged on the outside of the shaft,
Fig. 4
a section through a third embodiment, in which the measuring section is arranged in the interior of the shaft,
Fig. 5
a section through a fourth embodiment not belonging to the invention, in which the shaft is coupled to the key nut via an intermediate shaft,
Fig. 6
a fifth embodiment in which the measuring section is arranged in a tubular part of the key nut,
Fig. 7
a sixth embodiment not belonging to the invention, in which the measuring section is arranged on the outside on a tubular part of the key nut,
Fig. 8
a seventh embodiment, wherein the measuring portion is arranged in a tubular part of the key nut, which in turn is connected to an intermediate shaft, and
Fig. 9
a not belonging to the invention similar version as Fig. 8 , but with externally arranged measuring section.

Der Kraftschrauber nach den Figuren 1 und 2 weist einen Antriebsteil 10 und einen Funktionsteil 11 auf. Der Antriebsteil 10 ist auswechselbar an dem Funktionsteil 11 befestigt. Der Antriebsteil 10 enthält einen (nicht dargestellten) hydraulischen Zylinder, in welchem ein Kolben verschiebbar ist. Der Antriebsteil 10 weist auf dem Zylindergehäuse 12 eine schwenkbare Anschlussvorrichtung 13 für Hydraulikschläuche auf.The power screwdriver after the Figures 1 and 2 has a drive part 10 and a functional part 11. The drive part 10 is replaceably attached to the functional part 11. The driving part 10 includes a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) in which a piston is slidable. The drive part 10 has on the cylinder housing 12 a pivotable connection device 13 for hydraulic hoses.

Der Funktionsteil 11 weist ein Gehäuse 14 auf, das hier aus zwei zusammengesetzten Gehäusehälften 14a und 14b besteht. In dem Gehäuse 14 befindet sich ein Hohlraum 15, in welchem ein (nicht dargestellter) Ratschenhebel von dem Antriebsteil 10 hin- und hergeschwenkt werden kann. In einer Querbohrung 16, die sich durch das Gehäuse 14 erstreckt, ist eine Welle 17 drehbar gelagert. Diese Welle 17 weist im Innern des Gehäuses 14 eine umlaufende Verzahnung 18 auf, in die eine Verzahnung des Ratschenhebels eingreift. Auf diese Weise wird bei jedem Hub des Antriebsteil 10 die Welle 17 um einen bestimmten Winkelbetrag um ihre Achse gedreht. Dann erfolgt der Rückhub des Ratschenhebels, bei dem die Welle 17 nicht mitgenommen wird.The functional part 11 has a housing 14, which here consists of two assembled housing halves 14a and 14b. In the housing 14 there is a cavity 15, in which a (not shown) ratchet lever of the drive member 10 can be pivoted back and forth. In a transverse bore 16 which extends through the housing 14, a shaft 17 is rotatably mounted. This shaft 17 has in the interior of the housing 14 has a circumferential toothing 18, in which engages a toothing of the ratchet lever. This way everyone gets Hub of the drive member 10, the shaft 17 is rotated about its axis by a certain angular amount. Then the return stroke of the ratchet lever, in which the shaft 17 is not taken.

Die Welle 17 weist an einem Ende eine Mitnahmevorrichtung 20 auf, die hier als Schlüsselnuss 40 ausgebildet ist und eine Einsteckausnehmung 21 von sechseckigem Querschnitt bildet. Die Einsteckausnehmung 21 befindet sich in dem aus dem Gehäuse 14 vorstehenden Teil der Welle 17 und erstreckt sich bis in das Gehäuse 14 hinein. Auf diese Weise kann der aus dem Gehäuse vorstehende Teil der Welle relativ kurz gehalten werden. Die Einsteckausnehmung 21 geht in einen Hohlraum 22 über, der in der Welle 17 gebildet ist. An der Umfangswand des Hohlraums 22 befindet sich der Torsionssensor 23 in Form von Dehnmessstreifen, die auf die Umfangswand aufgeklebt sind. Zwischen der Einsteckausnehmung 21 und dem Hohlraum 22 befindet sich ein nach innen vorstehender Ringflansch 24, der den Torsionssensor 23 gegen externe Eingriffe schützt. Der den Torsionssensor 23 tragende Bereich der Welle 17 bildet den Messabschnitt 25. Der Hohlraum 22 bildet eine axiale Verlängerung der Einsteckausnehmung 21. Wenn die Einsteckausnehmung 21 auf eine zu drehende Schraubenmutter aufgesetzt wird, kann der Hohlraum 22 den aus der Mutter hervorstehenden Schraubenschaft aufnehmen. Daher kann die Einsteckausnehmung 21 eine relativ geringe axiale Länge haben. Alternativ kann die Einsteckausnehmung auch zur Aufnahme des Schafts einer Schlüsselnuss dienen bzw. als Vierkantöffnung ausgebildet sein.The shaft 17 has at one end a driving device 20, which is designed here as a key nut 40 and forms a Einsteckausnehmung 21 of hexagonal cross-section. The Einsteckausnehmung 21 is located in the protruding from the housing 14 part of the shaft 17 and extends into the housing 14 into it. In this way, the protruding from the housing part of the shaft can be kept relatively short. The insertion recess 21 merges into a cavity 22 which is formed in the shaft 17. On the peripheral wall of the cavity 22, the torsion sensor 23 is in the form of strain gauges, which are glued to the peripheral wall. Between the Einsteckausnehmung 21 and the cavity 22 is an inwardly projecting annular flange 24 which protects the torsion sensor 23 against external interference. The cavity 22 forms an axial extension of the Einsteckausnehmung 21. When the Einsteckausnehmung 21 is placed on a nut to be rotated, the cavity 22 can accommodate the protruding from the nut screw shank. Therefore, the insertion recess 21 may have a relatively small axial length. Alternatively, the Einsteckausnehmung can also serve to receive the shaft of a key nut or be designed as a square opening.

An den Hohlraum 22 schließt sich ein kegelstumpfförmiger Übergang 26 an, der in einen Aufnahmeraum 27 mündet, in welchem ein Datenübertragungselement 28 enthalten ist. Von dem Torsionssensor 23 erstreckt sich ein Kabelkanal 29 zu dem Datenübertragungselement 28. Das Datenübertraguungselement 28 ist beispielsweise eine Schleifringanordnung, welche ein externes Kabel 30 mit dem Torsionssensor 23, der mit der Welle 17 drehbar ist, verbindet. Alternativ kann die Übertragung auch drahtlos erfolgen. Das Kabel 30 führt zu einem Kabelanschluss 31 (Fig. 1), der an einem Auslegerarm 32 des Gehäuses 14 vorgesehen ist und an den ein Steuer- oder Messgerät angeschlossen werden kann.The cavity 22 is adjoined by a frusto-conical transition 26, which opens into a receiving space 27 in which a data transmission element 28 is contained. From the torsion sensor 23, a cable channel 29 extends to the data transmission element 28. The data transmission element 28 is, for example a slip ring assembly which connects an external cable 30 to the torsion sensor 23 which is rotatable with the shaft 17. Alternatively, the transmission can also be wireless. The cable 30 leads to a cable connection 31 (FIG. Fig. 1 ), which is provided on a cantilever arm 32 of the housing 14 and to which a control or measuring device can be connected.

Der hydraulische Kraftschrauber ist ferner mit einer Drehwinkel-Messvorrichtung 33 ausgestattet. Diese weist eine Codescheibe 34 auf, welche auf dem der Einsteckausnehmung 21 abgewandten Ende der Welle 17 befestigt ist, und einen Winkelsensor 35, der auf die Striche der Codescheibe 34 reagiert und dadurch den Drehwinkel der Welle ermittelt. Der Winkelsensor 35 besteht aus einer Gabel-Lichtschranke, in die die radial von der Welle abstehende Codescheibe 34 hineinragt.The hydraulic power wrench is further equipped with a rotation angle measuring device 33. This has a code disk 34 which is fixed on the Einsteckausnehmung 21 remote from the end of the shaft 17, and an angle sensor 35 which responds to the lines of the code disk 34 and thereby determines the angle of rotation of the shaft. The angle sensor 35 consists of a fork-type photoelectric sensor into which protrudes the code disk 34 projecting radially from the shaft.

Der Winkelsensor 35 ist in einer Kappe 36 enthalten, die auf einen Teil des Gehäuses 14 aufgesetzt und mit Schrauben 37 befestigt ist. Die Kappe 36 umschließt das an der Einsteckausnehmung 21 abgewandte rückwärtige Ende der Welle 17 und bildet gleichzeitig ein Schutzgehäuse für dieses Wellenende und die Winkelmessvorrichtung 33. Von dem Winkelsensor 35 führt ein Kabel 38 zu dem Kabelanschluss 31, so dass sowohl der Torsionssensor 23 als auch der Winkelsensor 35 an dem Kabelanschluss 31 elektrisch zugänglich ist.The angle sensor 35 is contained in a cap 36 which is mounted on a part of the housing 14 and fastened with screws 37. The cap 36 surrounds the rear end of the shaft 17 facing away from the Einsteckausnehmung 21 and at the same time forms a protective housing for this shaft end and the angle measuring device 33. From the angle sensor 35 leads a cable 38 to the cable terminal 31, so that both the torsion sensor 23 and the Angle sensor 35 is electrically accessible to the cable connector 31.

Unter ständiger Messung des Torsionsmoments der Welle 17 und des Drehwinkels dieser Welle kann eine exakte Steuerung des Betriebes des Kraftschraubers erfolgen und insbesondere eine zielgerechte Erreichung des gewünschten Schraubenanzugsmoments. Es ist auch möglich, die während eines Schraubenanzugsvorganges gemessenen Daten zu speichern und in einem Speicher abzulegen, um den Schraubvorgang später dokumentieren zu können. Dies ist besonders beim Anziehen sicherheitsrelevanter Schrauben wichtig.Under constant measurement of the torsional moment of the shaft 17 and the angle of rotation of this shaft can be an exact control of the operation of the power wrench and in particular a targeted achievement of the desired Schraubanzugsmoments. It is also possible to store the data measured during a screw tightening process and store them in a memory, to be able to document the tightening process later. This is especially important when tightening safety-relevant screws.

Bei den nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispielen ist der Antriebsteil 10 und der Funktionsteil 11 jeweils in gleicher Weise ausgebildet wie dies anhand der Fign. 1 und 2 beschrieben wurde. Unterschiedlich ist jeweils die Kraftübertragung von der Welle auf die Schlüsselnuss, wie nachstehend erläutert wird.In the following embodiments, the drive part 10 and the functional part 11 are each formed in the same manner as described with reference to FIG FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described. In each case, the power transmission from the shaft to the key nut is different, as will be explained below.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3 ist die Welle 17 über ihre gesamte Länge im Gehäuse angeordnet. Auf der einen Wellenhälfte weist sie eine Mitnahmevorrichtung 20a in Form einer Keilwellenverzahnung auf, die mit einer entsprechenden Außenverzahnung einer Schlüsselnuss 40 zusammengreift. Die Schlüsselnuss 40 weist in einem verbreiterten Kopf 41 eine sechseckige Einsteckausnehmung 21 auf. Der Kopf 41 erstreckt sich teilweise bis in das Gehäuse 14 hinein. An de Kopf 41 schließt sich eine Hohlwelle 42 an. Diese Hohlwelle weist eine mit der Mitnahmevorrichtung 20a der Welle 17 zusammengreifende Außenkeilverzahnung auf. Zwischen dieser Außenkeilverzahnung und dem Kopf 41 befindet sich ein Messabschnitt 25 mit einem Torsionssensor 23, der in der Ringnut der Hohlwelle 42 versenkt angeordnet ist. Das Antriebsmoment wird von der Welle 17 auf die Hohlwelle 42 und von dort über den Messabschnitt 25 auf den Kopf 41 der Schlüsselnuss 40 übertragen. Bei dieser Variante ist sogar ein Teil des Kopfes 41 im Gehäuse 14 versenkt angeordnet, so dass die axiale Länge des Kraftschraubers außerordentlich kurz gehalten werden kann.In the embodiment of Fig. 3 the shaft 17 is arranged in the housing over its entire length. On the one half of the shaft, it has a driving device 20a in the form of a splined toothing, which engages with a corresponding external toothing of a key nut 40. The key nut 40 has a hexagonal insertion recess 21 in a widened head 41. The head 41 extends partially into the housing 14. At de head 41, a hollow shaft 42 connects. This hollow shaft has an outer wedge toothing which engages with the driving device 20a of the shaft 17. Between this external spline and the head 41 is a measuring section 25 with a torsion sensor 23, which is arranged sunk in the annular groove 42 of the hollow shaft. The drive torque is transmitted from the shaft 17 to the hollow shaft 42 and from there via the measuring section 25 to the head 41 of the key nut 40. In this variant, even a part of the head 41 is recessed in the housing 14, so that the axial length of the power wrench can be kept extremely short.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 4 entspricht demjenigen von Fig. 3, jedoch mit dem Unterschied, dass der Torsionssensor 23 an der Innenseite der Hohlwelle 42 angeordnet ist. Elektrische Anschlussleitungen können sehr einfach durch die Hohlwelle hindurch zum Torsionssensor geführt werden.The embodiment of Fig. 4 corresponds to that of Fig. 3 , but with the difference that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the inside of the hollow shaft 42. electrical Connecting cables can be easily guided through the hollow shaft to the torsion sensor.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 5 ragt die Welle 17 zum rückwärtigen Ende hin aus dem Gehäuse 14 heraus. An dem überstehenden Teil ist sie an der Innenseite mit einer Keilwellenverzahnung 20a versehen, die mit einer entsprechenden Mitnahmevorrichtung 20a an der Außenseite einer Zwischenwelle 44 zusammengreift. Die Zwischenwelle erstreckt bis zur Vorderseite durch das Gehäuse 14 hindurch und sie weist in ihrem vorderen Bereich eine innere Keilwellenverzahnung 45 auf und in ihrem rückwärtigen Bereich eine Lagerbohrung 46.In the embodiment of Fig. 5 the shaft 17 projects out of the housing 14 towards the rear end. On the protruding part, it is provided on the inside with a spline toothing 20 a, which engages with a corresponding driving device 20 a on the outside of an intermediate shaft 44. The intermediate shaft extends to the front through the housing 14 and it has in its front region an internal spline 45 and in its rear region a bearing bore 46th

Die Schlüsselnuss 40 weist einen Kopf 41 mit einer Einsteckausnehmung 21 auf. An diesem Kopf schließt sich eine Hohlwelle 42 an, auf der ein Keilwellenabschnitt vorgesehen ist, welcher mit der Keilwellenverzahnung 45 der Zwischenwelle 44 zusammengreift. An die Hohlwelle 42 schließt sich ein Hohlwellenabschnitt 47 an, der in der Lagerbohrung 46 gelagert ist.The key nut 40 has a head 41 with a Einsteckausnehmung 21. At this head, a hollow shaft 42 connects, on which a splined portion is provided, which engages with the spline 45 of the intermediate shaft 44. The hollow shaft 42 is followed by a hollow shaft section 47, which is mounted in the bearing bore 46.

In dem Bereich zwischen den beiden Keilwellenverzahnungen 20a und 45 befindet sich der Messabschnitt 25, mit dem in einer Außennut der Zwischenwelle 44 befestigten Torsionssensor 23.In the area between the two splines 20a and 45 is the measuring section 25, with the torsion sensor 23 mounted in an outer groove of the intermediate shaft 44.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 können in die Zwischenwelle Schlüsselnüsse 40 unterschiedlicher Schlüsselweiten eingesetzt werden, wobei selbst größte Schlüsselweiten möglich sind.According to the embodiment Fig. 5 In the intermediate shaft key nuts 40 different key widths can be used, even the largest key widths are possible.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 5 kann auch so modifiziert werden, dass der Torsionssensor 23 an der Innenwand der Zwischenwelle 44 in einer Ausnehmung enthalten ist.The embodiment of Fig. 5 can also be modified so that the torsion sensor 23 is contained on the inner wall of the intermediate shaft 44 in a recess.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Schlüsselnuss 40 mit einer Hohlwelle 42 verbunden ist, welche in eine innere Mitnahmevorrichtung 20a der Welle 17 eingreift. Die Welle 17 erstreckt sich über die Breite des Gehäuses 14, überragt dieses aber nicht wesentlich. Die Schlüsselnuss 40 bildet mit der Hohlwelle 42 eine bauliche Einheit, die insgesamt aus der Welle 17 herausgezogen werden kann. Der Messabschnitt 25 befindet sich an der Schlüsselnuss 40 und zwar in dem Bereich zwischen der Einsteckausnehmung 21 und der Hohlwelle 42. Von dem Torsionssensor 23 erstrecken sich elektrische Drähte 48 durch die Hohlwelle hindurch zu einem Datenübertragungselement 28, das in derselben Weise wie in Fig. 2 angeordnet ist, sich jedoch hier im Innern der Hohlwelle 42 befindet. Der Kraftschrauber ist mit einer Drehwinkel-Messvorrichtung 33 ausgestattet, die eine auf der Hohlwelle 42 sitzende Codescheibe 34 und einen gehäusefesten Winkelsensor 35 aufweist. Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the key nut 40 is connected to a hollow shaft 42 which engages in an inner driving device 20a of the shaft 17. The shaft 17 extends across the width of the housing 14, but does not substantially surmount this. The key nut 40 forms with the hollow shaft 42 a structural unit, which can be pulled out of the shaft 17 in total. The measuring section 25 is located on the keyed nut 40 in the area between the insertion recess 21 and the hollow shaft 42. From the torsion sensor 23, electrical wires 48 extend through the hollow shaft to a data transmission element 28, which operates in the same way as in FIG Fig. 2 is arranged, but here is located inside the hollow shaft 42. The power wrench is equipped with a rotation angle measuring device 33 which has a code disk 34 seated on the hollow shaft 42 and a housing-fixed angle sensor 35.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 7 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen von Fig. 6 nur dadurch, dass der Torsionssensor 23 außen auf dem Messabschnitt 25 angeordnet ist. Durch die Hohlwelle 42 führt eine Bohrung 46 zur Durchführung der vom Torsionssensor 23 kommenden Kabel in das innere der Hohlwelle.The embodiment of Fig. 7 is different from that of Fig. 6 only in that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the outside of the measuring section 25. Through the hollow shaft 42 performs a bore 46 for carrying the coming of the torsion sensor cable 23 into the interior of the hollow shaft.

Fig. 8 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Schlüsselnuss 40 mit einer Hohlwelle 42 verlängert ist, welche einen Messabschnitt 25 enthält, wobei der Torsionssensor 23 im Innern der Hohlwelle 42 angeordnet ist. Die Hohlwelle 42 ist mit einer Zwischenwelle 49 verbunden, welche in eine innere Mitnahmevorrichtung 20a der Welle 17 eingreift. Durch die Zwischenwelle 49 führt das vom Torsionssensor 23 kommende Kabel hindurch, um an der Rückseite auszutreten. Fig. 8 shows an embodiment in which the key nut 40 is extended with a hollow shaft 42 which includes a measuring section 25, wherein the torsion sensor 23 is arranged in the interior of the hollow shaft 42. The hollow shaft 42 is connected to an intermediate shaft 49, which engages in an inner driving device 20 a of the shaft 17. Through the intermediate shaft 49, the cable coming from the torsion sensor 23 passes through to emerge at the rear.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 9 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen der Fig. 8 nur dadurch, dass der Torsionssensor 23 auf der Außenseite des Messabschnitts 25 angeordnet ist. Von dort führt eine Bohrung 46 in das Innere der Hohlwelle 42.The embodiment of Fig. 9 is different from the one of Fig. 8 only in that the torsion sensor 23 is arranged on the outside of the measuring section 25. From there, a bore 46 leads into the interior of the hollow shaft 42.

Claims (6)

  1. A pressure-operated power wrench comprising a drive part (10) and a functional part (11) having a housing (14) that includes a ratchet lever driven by the drive part (10), said ratchet lever driving a shaft (17) that extends transversely through the housing (14) and comprises a coupling section (20; 20a), said power wrench comprising a measuring section (25) measuring the torque, characterized in that the measuring section (25) is formed at a cavity (22) of the shaft (17) or of a hollow shaft (42) connected to the shaft for rotation therewith.
  2. The power wrench according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (22) immediately follows an insertion recess (21) of the coupling device (20).
  3. The power wrench according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that an angle sensor (35) detecting the rotational angle of the shaft (17) is provided at the housing (14).
  4. The power wrench according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle sensor (35) is arranged in a cap (36) enclosing one end of the shaft (17).
  5. The power wrench according to one of claims 3-4, characterized in that the angle sensor (35) cooperates with a code disc (34) fastened on the end of the shaft (17).
  6. The power wrench according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a data transmission element (28) is arranged at the end of the shaft (17).
EP02754816A 2001-07-07 2002-07-03 Pressure-operated power screwdriver having a measuring section Expired - Lifetime EP1404491B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09168184.1A EP2113341B1 (en) 2001-07-07 2002-07-03 Pneumatic electric screwdriver

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20111326U 2001-07-07
DE20111326U DE20111326U1 (en) 2001-07-07 2001-07-07 Hydraulic power wrench
DE20112833U DE20112833U1 (en) 2001-07-07 2001-08-02 Pressure operated power wrench
DE20112833U 2001-08-02
PCT/EP2002/007357 WO2003006208A1 (en) 2001-07-07 2002-07-03 Pressure-operated power screwdriver having a measuring section

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09168184.1A Division EP2113341B1 (en) 2001-07-07 2002-07-03 Pneumatic electric screwdriver
EP09168184.1 Division-Into 2009-08-19

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EP1404491A1 EP1404491A1 (en) 2004-04-07
EP1404491B1 true EP1404491B1 (en) 2011-06-08

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US (1) US7021179B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1404491B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4282476B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2003006208A1 (en)

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KR101318901B1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2013-10-16 이종한 Jig for testing torque of nut and method for manufacturing the jig
CN103495861B (en) * 2013-10-21 2016-01-27 成都凯恩机电设备有限公司 The implementation method of bolt fastening system
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JP2004533939A (en) 2004-11-11
US20040187650A1 (en) 2004-09-30
JP4282476B2 (en) 2009-06-24
EP1404491A1 (en) 2004-04-07
WO2003006208A1 (en) 2003-01-23
US7021179B2 (en) 2006-04-04

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