EP1032283B1 - Biodegradable cigarette filter - Google Patents

Biodegradable cigarette filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1032283B1
EP1032283B1 EP98961155A EP98961155A EP1032283B1 EP 1032283 B1 EP1032283 B1 EP 1032283B1 EP 98961155 A EP98961155 A EP 98961155A EP 98961155 A EP98961155 A EP 98961155A EP 1032283 B1 EP1032283 B1 EP 1032283B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
cigarette
tobacco
condensate
ventilation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98961155A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1032283A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Georg Henning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Original Assignee
Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, HF and PhF Reemtsma GmbH and Co filed Critical Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Priority to SI9830306T priority Critical patent/SI1032283T1/en
Publication of EP1032283A1 publication Critical patent/EP1032283A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1032283B1 publication Critical patent/EP1032283B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A24D3/043—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure with ventilation means, e.g. air dilution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a biodegradable filter according to Preamble of claim 1.
  • EP-A-0 745 336 discloses a filter cigarette with a biodegradable filter, the material of which can be produced by the air-laid method.
  • the filter is made from cellulose esters, eg cellulose acetate, and the material is crimped.
  • EP-A-0 255 114 discloses a filter cigarette whose two-part filter consists of cellulose acetate. With this double filter, the tobacco rod-side filter part has a high retention rate of 60-80% because the filaments of the material are possible fine and lie close together. The document does not say how the material is made.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a filter cigarette to create the specified type while maintaining the advantages of the known filter cigarette an "acetate typical” Taste impression and a “acetate typical” optical Appearance delivers.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are based on the selection a special cellulose material and the interpretation of a matched filter cigarette construction under adaptation of the essential parameters, namely the retention performance of the Filter, the nicotine / condensate strand yield ratio Tobacco rod, the density of the tobacco mixture of the tobacco rod, the air permeability of the cigarette paper and finally the degree of filter ventilation, towards one Overall construction, on the one hand the taste impression and on the other hand, the optical appearance is optimized.
  • the desired degree of ventilation of 15 to 50% can be achieved the corresponding design of the ventilation zone in the covering paper and adjust the wrapping.
  • the ventilation zone the filter is formed by one or two rows of holes that is at least 10 mm from the mouth end; the holes can either by laser radiation or mechanically at the finished cigarette and should be made if possible be small and little visible, with good results at 15 to 25 holes can be reached in two ventilation rows.
  • the processed cellulose fibers are not suspended in water as in the classic paper production process and placed on a permeable sieve for sheet formation, on which the cellulose fibers are then caused by them Grinding and fibrillation, mechanically networked with each other, but placed in a single air flow at most, which transports them onto a permeable endless sieve and places them on this in an unordered manner.
  • a mechanical bond and thus the necessary strength required for further processing is obtained by adding a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polymer starch, dextrin or latex.
  • a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polymer starch, dextrin or latex.
  • the degree of density (g / cm 3 ) and thus the volume or thickness is set by subsequent calendering.
  • the weight per unit area (g / m 2 ) is controlled via the sieving speed or the fiber input into the air flow.
  • the filter cigarette has one surrounded by a cigarette paper Tobacco rod and one connected to the tobacco rod Filter on.
  • the density of the tobacco mixture is between 200 and 250 mg / ml.
  • the tensile resistance of the strand is between 6 and 8.77 kPa (45 and 65 mmWS), measured closed.
  • the cigarette paper has a low to medium air permeability in the range from 15 to 50 cm 3 / min / cm 2 / kPa (Coresta units).
  • the strand yield ratio nicotine * 10 / condensate of the tobacco mixture should be between 0.6 and 0.9.
  • the filter consists of the folded, uncrimped air-laid fleece and is surrounded by a porous wrapping paper.
  • a zone-porous covering paper surrounds the wrapping paper and is used to attach the filter to the tobacco rod.
  • the Air permeability of the porous zone of the covering paper chosen to be in connection with the wrapping paper underneath the desired degree of filter ventilation results.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter cigarette comprising a biodegradable filter and a tobacco strand surrounded by cigarette paper, a non-woven air-laid cellulose filter with a normal retention capacity and a filter ventilation area extending in a peripheral direction. The inventive filter cigarette has the following combination of features: the filter has a condensate retention capacity of 40-60 %; the non-woven cellulose is non-crimped, the nicotine/tobacco strand condensate yield ratio lies between 0,6 and 0,9 (nicotine *10/condensate), the apparent density of the tobacco mixture of the tobacco strand ranges from 200 to 250mg/ml, the tobacco strand drag is between 45 and 65 mmwWS when measured in an enclosed form, air permeability of the cigarette paper is 20-50 CORESTA units and the filter ventilation degree is 15-50 %.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen biologisch abbaubaren Filter gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a biodegradable filter according to Preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Filtercigaretten sind in der Vergangenheit mehrfach beschrieben worden. Ein Nachteil aller bisher beschriebenen Filtercigaretten mit biologisch abbaubarem Filter besteht jedoch im deutlichen Einfluß auf den Rauchgeschmack, der durch die unterschiedlichen beschriebenen Materialien ausgeübt wird und der stets dazu geführt hat, daß eine Cigarette, die mit einem anderen Material als dem üblichen Cellulose-Acetat hergestellt wurde von den Rauchern abgelehnt wurde. Ein weiterer Nachteil besonders von aus biologisch abbaubarer Cellulose hergestellten Filtern war außerdem das deutlich sichtbar andere Erscheinungsbild des Filter-Endes. Dies hat in der Vergangenheit dazu geführt, daß biologisch abbaubare Filter sich auf Acetatfilter-Märkten nicht als Monofilter durchsetzen konnten.Such filter cigarettes have been used several times in the past have been described. A disadvantage of all described so far However, there are filter cigarettes with a biodegradable filter in the clear influence on the smoky taste caused by the different materials described is exercised and who always led to the fact that a cigarette with a other material than the usual cellulose acetate has been rejected by the smokers. Another disadvantage especially those made from biodegradable cellulose Filtering was also the clearly visible different appearance of the filter end. In the past, this has resulted in that biodegradable filters are found in acetate filter markets could not enforce as a monofilter.

Die EP-A-0 745 336 offenbart eine Filtercigarette mit einem biologisch abbaubaren Filter, dessen Material nach dem Air-Laid Verfahren hergestellt werden kann. Dabei wird der Filter aus Cellulose-Estern, z.B. Cellulose-Acetat hergestellt und das Material wird gekrimpt. EP-A-0 745 336 discloses a filter cigarette with a biodegradable filter, the material of which can be produced by the air-laid method. The filter is made from cellulose esters, eg cellulose acetate, and the material is crimped.

Die EP-A-0 255 114 offenbart eine Filtercigarette, deren zweiteiliger Filter aus Cellulose-Acetat besteht. Bei diesem Doppelfilter hat das tabakstrangseitige Filterteil eine hohe Retentionsleistung von 60-80% dadurch, daß die Filamente des Materials möglich fein sind und dicht aneinander liegen. Das Dokument enthält keine Aussage darüber, wie das Material hergestellt wird. EP-A-0 255 114 discloses a filter cigarette whose two-part filter consists of cellulose acetate. With this double filter, the tobacco rod-side filter part has a high retention rate of 60-80% because the filaments of the material are possible fine and lie close together. The document does not say how the material is made.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Filtercigarette der angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die unter Beibehaltung der Vorteile der bekannten Filtercigarette einen "acetat-typischen" Geschmackseindruck und ein "acetat-typisches" optisches Erscheinungsbild liefert.The invention is therefore based on the object of a filter cigarette to create the specified type while maintaining the advantages of the known filter cigarette an "acetate typical" Taste impression and a "acetate typical" optical Appearance delivers.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing Part of claim 1 specified features solved.

Zweckmäßige Ausführungsformen werden durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche definiert.Appropriate embodiments are characterized by the features of Subclaims defined.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile beruhen auf der Auswahl eines speziellen Cellulosematerials und der Auslegung einer darauf abgestimmten Filtercigarettenkonstruktion unter Anpassung der wesentlichen Parameter, nämlich der Retentionsleistung des Filters, des Strangausbeute-Verhältnisses Nikotin/Kondensat des Tabakstrangs, der Stopfdichte der Tabakmischung des Tabakstrangs, der Luftdurchlässigkeit des Cigarettenpapiers und schließlich des Filterventilationsgrads, in Richtung einer Gesamtkonstruktion, die einerseits den Geschmackseindruck und andererseits die optische Anmutung optimiert. Dabei beträgt die Nikotin-Ausbeute der Filtercigarette bis zu maximal 1 mg und die Kondensat-Ausbeute von 6 mg bis 12 mg.The advantages achieved with the invention are based on the selection a special cellulose material and the interpretation of a matched filter cigarette construction under adaptation of the essential parameters, namely the retention performance of the Filter, the nicotine / condensate strand yield ratio Tobacco rod, the density of the tobacco mixture of the tobacco rod, the air permeability of the cigarette paper and finally the degree of filter ventilation, towards one Overall construction, on the one hand the taste impression and on the other hand, the optical appearance is optimized. The is Nicotine yield of the filter cigarette up to a maximum of 1 mg and that Condensate yield from 6 mg to 12 mg.

Der angestrebte Ventilationsgrad von 15 bis 50 % läßt sich durch die entsprechende Ausgestaltung der Ventilationszone im Belagpapier und der Umhüllung einstellen.The desired degree of ventilation of 15 to 50% can be achieved the corresponding design of the ventilation zone in the covering paper and adjust the wrapping.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Ventilationszone des Filters durch eine oder zwei Lochreihe(n) gebildet, die mindestens 10 mm vom mundseitigen Ende entfernt ist; die Löcher können entweder durch Laser-Bestrahlung oder mechanisch an der fertigen Cigarette hergestellt werden und sollten möglichst klein und wenig sichtbar sein, wobei gute Ergebnisse mit 15 bis 25 Löchern in zwei Ventilationsreihen erreicht werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the ventilation zone the filter is formed by one or two rows of holes that is at least 10 mm from the mouth end; the holes can either by laser radiation or mechanically at the finished cigarette and should be made if possible be small and little visible, with good results at 15 to 25 holes can be reached in two ventilation rows.

Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß der acetat-typische Geschmackseindruck und die acetat-typische optische Anmutung nur erreicht werden kann, wenn der Filter aus nach dem sogenannten "Air-Laid"-Verfahren zu einem Wirrfaservlies verarbeiteten Cellulose-Material hergestellt wird und dieses ungekrimpt zum fertigen Filter weiterverarbeitet wird. Dabei kann je nach gewünschtem Filterzugwiderstand und damit Retentionsgrad eine geeignete Kombination von Flächengewicht, Dicke und Breite des Air-Laid-Vlieses eingesetzt werden.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the typical acetate Taste impression and the typical acetate appearance only can be achieved if the filter out according to the so-called Air-laid process for a cellulose material processed into a non-woven fabric is produced and this is uncrimped for manufacture Filter is processed further. Depending on the desired Filter draw resistance and thus retention rate one suitable combination of basis weight, thickness and width of the Air-laid fleece can be used.

Beim Air-Laid-Verfahren, wie es beispielsweise in der US-PS 4,375,447 beschrieben ist, werden die aufbereiteten Cellulosefasern nicht wie im klassischen Papierherstellungsverfahren in Wasser suspendiert und zur Blattbildung auf ein durchlässiges Sieb gegeben, auf dem sich dann die Cellulosefasern, bedingt durch deren Mahlung und Fibrillierung, untereinander mechanisch vernetzen, sondern maximal vereinzelt in einen Luftstrom gegeben, der sie auf ein durchlässiges Endlossieb transportiert und auf diesem ungeordnet ablegt. Hierdurch erhält man ein fast watteförmiges voluminöses Vlies, das so keine mechanische Festigkeit oder Faserverknüpfung aufweist. Eine mechanische Bindung und damit die notwendige Festigkeit, die zur Weiterverarbeitung-erforderlich ist, erhält man durch Zugabe eines Bindemittels wie z.B. Polyvinylalkohol, Polyvinylacetat, Polymerstärke, Dextrin oder Latex. Den Grad der Dichte (g/cm3) und damit der Voluminösität bzw. Dicke stellt man durch anschließendes Kalandrieren ein. Das Flächengewicht (g/m2) wird über die Siebgeschwindigkeit oder den Fasereintrag in den Luftstrom gesteuert.In the air-laid process, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,375,447, the processed cellulose fibers are not suspended in water as in the classic paper production process and placed on a permeable sieve for sheet formation, on which the cellulose fibers are then caused by them Grinding and fibrillation, mechanically networked with each other, but placed in a single air flow at most, which transports them onto a permeable endless sieve and places them on this in an unordered manner. This results in an almost wad-shaped, voluminous fleece, which has no mechanical strength or fiber linkage. A mechanical bond and thus the necessary strength required for further processing is obtained by adding a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polymer starch, dextrin or latex. The degree of density (g / cm 3 ) and thus the volume or thickness is set by subsequent calendering. The weight per unit area (g / m 2 ) is controlled via the sieving speed or the fiber input into the air flow.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert:The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments explained in more detail:

Die Filtercigarette weist einen durch ein Cigarettenpapier umgebenen Tabakstrang und einen mit dem Tabakstrang verbundenen Filter auf. Die Stopfdichte der Tabakmischung liegt zwischen 200 und 250 mg/ml. Der Zugwiderstand des Strangs liegt zwischen 6 und 8,77 kPa (45 und 65 mmWS), geschlossen gemessen. The filter cigarette has one surrounded by a cigarette paper Tobacco rod and one connected to the tobacco rod Filter on. The density of the tobacco mixture is between 200 and 250 mg / ml. The tensile resistance of the strand is between 6 and 8.77 kPa (45 and 65 mmWS), measured closed.

Das Cigarettenpapier hat eine niedrige bis mittlere Luftdurchlässigkeit im Bereich von 15 bis 50 cm3/min/cm2/kPa (Coresta-Einheiten). Das Strangausbeute-Verhältnis Nikotin*10/Kondensat der Tabakmischung sollte zwischen 0,6 und 0,9 liegen.The cigarette paper has a low to medium air permeability in the range from 15 to 50 cm 3 / min / cm 2 / kPa (Coresta units). The strand yield ratio nicotine * 10 / condensate of the tobacco mixture should be between 0.6 and 0.9.

Der Filter besteht aus dem zusammengefalteten ungekrimpten Air-Laid-Vlies und ist von einem porösen Umhüllungspapier umgeben. Ein zonenporöses Belagpapier umgibt das Umhüllungspapier und dient zur Befestigung des Filters am Tabakstrang. Dabei wird die Luftdurchlässigkeit der porösen Zone des Belagpapiers so gewählt, daß sich in Verbindung mit dem darunterliegenden Umhüllungspapier der gewünschte Filterventilationsgrad ergibt. Versuche mit einem solchen Filter haben in Kombination mit dem spezifizierten Tabakstrang zu einer Kondensat-Ausbeute von 6 bis 12 mg und einer Nikotin-Ausbeute von maximal 1 mg geführt. Tests mit geübten Rauchern zeigten, daß derartige Cigaretten sich nicht von konventionell mit Acetatfiltern hergestellten unterscheiden ließen.The filter consists of the folded, uncrimped air-laid fleece and is surrounded by a porous wrapping paper. A zone-porous covering paper surrounds the wrapping paper and is used to attach the filter to the tobacco rod. The Air permeability of the porous zone of the covering paper chosen to be in connection with the wrapping paper underneath the desired degree of filter ventilation results. Experiments with such a filter have in combination with the specified tobacco rod to a condensate yield of 6 to 12 mg and a nicotine yield of a maximum of 1 mg. Testing with experienced smokers showed that such cigarettes do not differ from conventionally made with acetate filters left.

Claims (6)

  1. A filter cigarette having a biodegradable filter having:
    a) a tobacco string surrounded by a cigarette paper;
    b) a filter produced from cellulose mat produced according to the air laid process, having a normal retention capacity; and having
    c) a filter ventilation zone that runs in the peripheral direction;
    displaying the combination of the following properties:
    d) the filter has a condensate retention capacity of 40 to 60 %;
    e) the cellulose mat is unmoistened;
    f) the string yield ratio of nicotine/condensate of the tobacco string lies between 0.6 and 0.9;
    g) the packing density of the tobacco mixture of the tobacco string lies between 200 and 250 mg/ml;
    h) the resistance to draw of the tobacco string lies between 6 and 8.77 kPa (45 and 65 mmWS), measured closed;
    i) the air permeability of the cigarette paper is 15 to 50 cm3/min/cm2/kPa (Coresta units); and
    j) the degree of ventilation of the filter is 15 to 50 %.
  2. A filter cigarette according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the ventilation zone is formed by a combination of porous wrapping and coating papers, and begins at least 10 mm from the mouth-side end of the filter.
  3. A filter cigarette according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that the ventilation zone on the finished cigarette is produced mechanically or by laser beams.
  4. A filter cigarette according to Claim 2,
    characterised in that the ventilation zone is formed by one or two row(s) of ventilation openings, which is (are) at least 10 mm from the mouth-side end of the filter.
  5. A filter cigarette according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that the filter is made from an unmoistened cellulose mat having a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  6. A filter cigarette according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that the filter is made from an unmoistened cellulose mat having a width of 10 to 15 cm.
EP98961155A 1997-11-21 1998-11-10 Biodegradable cigarette filter Expired - Lifetime EP1032283B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9830306T SI1032283T1 (en) 1997-11-21 1998-11-10 Biodegradable cigarette filter

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19753193A DE19753193A1 (en) 1997-11-21 1997-11-21 Biologically degradable filter for cigarette
DE19753193 1997-11-21
PCT/EP1998/007120 WO1999026497A1 (en) 1997-11-21 1998-11-10 Biodegradable cigarette filter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1032283A1 EP1032283A1 (en) 2000-09-06
EP1032283B1 true EP1032283B1 (en) 2002-10-02

Family

ID=7850356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98961155A Expired - Lifetime EP1032283B1 (en) 1997-11-21 1998-11-10 Biodegradable cigarette filter

Country Status (27)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1032283B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001523479A (en)
KR (1) KR20010032330A (en)
CN (1) CN1130135C (en)
AT (1) ATE225134T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1667699A (en)
BG (1) BG64611B1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ289363B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19753193A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1032283T3 (en)
EA (1) EA001997B1 (en)
EE (1) EE200000268A (en)
ES (1) ES2182382T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1034880A1 (en)
HR (1) HRP20000418A2 (en)
HU (1) HU225287B1 (en)
ID (1) ID25459A (en)
NO (1) NO309354B1 (en)
OA (1) OA11414A (en)
PL (1) PL187198B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1032283E (en)
SK (1) SK283275B6 (en)
TR (1) TR200001454T2 (en)
TW (1) TW533062B (en)
UA (1) UA56285C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999026497A1 (en)
YU (1) YU49407B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8940073B2 (en) 2009-04-03 2015-01-27 McAirlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH Filter material for cleaning air and gases

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000049901A2 (en) 1999-02-26 2000-08-31 H.F. & Ph.F.Reemtsma Gmbh Smokable product
CN100551283C (en) * 2005-11-23 2009-10-21 云南烟草科学研究院 A kind of cigarette with binary composite tip stick and preparation method thereof
US7878210B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2011-02-01 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Cellulose acetate fiber modification
AU2013329037B2 (en) * 2012-10-11 2016-10-13 Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. Wrapper having reduced ignition proclivity characteristics

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US792913A (en) * 1903-01-16 1905-06-20 James J Mulconroy Coupling device for rubber tubing, pipe, hose, &c.
ZA804947B (en) * 1979-08-28 1981-06-24 British American Tobacco Co Smoke filtration
US4375447A (en) * 1979-12-21 1983-03-01 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for forming an air-laid web of dry fibers
DE3625593A1 (en) * 1986-07-29 1988-02-04 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh FILTER CIGARETTE
EP0709037B1 (en) * 1994-10-31 2001-05-02 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. A tobacco filter material and a tobacco filter as produced using the same
JP3606950B2 (en) * 1995-05-31 2005-01-05 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 Cigarette filter and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8940073B2 (en) 2009-04-03 2015-01-27 McAirlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH Filter material for cleaning air and gases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2182382T3 (en) 2003-03-01
NO20002516L (en) 2000-05-16
EA001997B1 (en) 2001-10-22
DE19753193A1 (en) 1999-05-27
HRP20000418A2 (en) 2000-08-31
HU225287B1 (en) 2006-09-28
TR200001454T2 (en) 2002-06-21
CZ289363B6 (en) 2002-01-16
PT1032283E (en) 2003-02-28
CN1130135C (en) 2003-12-10
JP2001523479A (en) 2001-11-27
NO20002516D0 (en) 2000-05-16
PL187198B1 (en) 2004-05-31
ID25459A (en) 2000-10-05
TW533062B (en) 2003-05-21
BG64611B1 (en) 2005-09-30
EA200000549A1 (en) 2000-10-30
DE59805850D1 (en) 2002-11-07
YU49407B (en) 2005-11-28
UA56285C2 (en) 2003-05-15
CZ20001829A3 (en) 2001-05-16
HK1034880A1 (en) 2001-11-09
YU30900A (en) 2002-09-19
KR20010032330A (en) 2001-04-16
OA11414A (en) 2004-04-20
HUP0100392A2 (en) 2001-05-28
HUP0100392A3 (en) 2001-11-28
CN1283965A (en) 2001-02-14
BG104547A (en) 2001-02-28
ATE225134T1 (en) 2002-10-15
SK7422000A3 (en) 2000-10-09
NO309354B1 (en) 2001-01-22
SK283275B6 (en) 2003-05-02
EP1032283A1 (en) 2000-09-06
AU1667699A (en) 1999-06-15
PL340593A1 (en) 2001-02-12
EE200000268A (en) 2001-08-15
WO1999026497A1 (en) 1999-06-03
DK1032283T3 (en) 2003-02-03

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