EP0967324A2 - Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0967324A2 EP0967324A2 EP99110294A EP99110294A EP0967324A2 EP 0967324 A2 EP0967324 A2 EP 0967324A2 EP 99110294 A EP99110294 A EP 99110294A EP 99110294 A EP99110294 A EP 99110294A EP 0967324 A2 EP0967324 A2 EP 0967324A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- belt
- zone
- endless belt
- support surface
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013051 drainage agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/006—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus with extended nips
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for smoothing a material web, in particular a paper or cardboard web, with at least one smoothing zone, through which the material web is passed.
- the aim of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned create, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are eliminated and in construction as simple as possible, especially without heavy ones heated hard rollers or the like an optimal treatment of the material web and in particular an optimal satin result is guaranteed.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in that at least a smoothing zone between a soft or elastic surface Deflection adjustment roller and a hard and smooth Heated endless belt with high thermal conductivity is formed, which in the area of the smoothing zone within an Band loop lying support surface and inside with a Heating medium is acted on so that on the one hand this endless belt heats up and on the other hand by the same heating medium between the support surface and the endless belt with hydrodynamic lubrication Liquid film is built up.
- A is preferably used as the heating medium hot gaseous medium such as steam is used, the then a liquid film causing hydrodynamic lubrication is expediently built up by the condensed heating medium.
- the device is the heatable endless belt in the web running direction the support surface with the heating medium, which if necessary for timely condensation and thus always for reliable hydrodynamic lubrication is provided.
- the heating device can, for example, be a zone-controlled one Steam humidifier or steam box.
- the support surface can be supported by at least a support element can be formed, at least in the area of this Support surface is cooled.
- a metal band may be provided as a heatable endless belt with high thermal conductivity.
- the support surface is expedient to provide smoothness and / or gloss values formed by at least one fixed, highly rigid support element.
- a support shoe or the like can in particular be used as the support element be provided.
- Condensate discharge agent provided inside the belt loop of the heatable endless belt. These are preferred arranged behind the support in the direction of web travel. You can For example, include at least one discharge channel, for example at least one discharge channel with an associated doctor blade can be provided can. Alternatively or additionally, at least one suction can also be used be provided.
- the area is within, in particular by a suitable swath removal the web loop is expediently kept at ambient pressure.
- the heatable endless belt can have at least one belt guide roller and / or at least one tension roller.
- the device according to the invention is at least one that has a hard and smooth surface heatable endless belt at the same time several each a soft or assigned deflection rolls with elastic surface, a corresponding one with each of these deflection adjusting rollers To form a smoothing zone.
- the material web can at least a smoothing zone with one side and in at least one other Smoothing zone with its other side with a heatable endless belt in Are in contact.
- FIG. 1 shows a smoothing zone 10 of a purely schematic representation Device 12 for smoothing a material web 14, which is in particular can be a paper or cardboard web.
- the smoothing zone 10 is between an elastic jacket or elastic Covering deflection roller 16 and a hard and smooth surface with all-round heatable Endless belt 18 of high thermal conductivity, such as in particular a metal belt educated.
- the heatable endless belt 18 is over a support surface 20 of a fixed, lying within the band loop guided highly rigid support member 22, which in the present case immediately arranged above the deflection compensation roller 16 and in its lower region, which has the support surface 20, is shoe-like is.
- a heating device 28 is arranged, by means of which the inside of the revolving heatable endless belt 18 with a hot gaseous Medium such as steam in particular can be acted on on the one hand this endless belt 18 heated and on the other hand by the condensed Heating medium between the support surface 20 and the endless belt 18 a Liquid film 30 causing hydrodynamic lubrication is built up becomes.
- the heating device 28 is in Web running direction L arranged in front of the support surface 20.
- the case is between a lower left web guide roller 24 and the shoe-like lower portion of the support member 22 is provided.
- the heating device 28 is one over the web width zone-controlled steam humidifier or steam blower box 32 is provided, by means of which the heatable endless belt 18 zone-controlled with the hot gaseous medium or steam can be acted upon.
- the heating device 28 is one over the web width zone-controlled steam humidifier or steam blower box 32 is provided, by means of which the heatable endless belt 18 zone-controlled with the hot gaseous medium or steam can be acted upon.
- the heatable endless belt 18 zone-controlled with the hot gaseous medium or steam can be acted upon.
- Basically is the use of any other sectional injector conceivable for a heated fluid.
- the support element 22 can at least be cooled in the area of the support surface 20.
- Condensate discharge means are located within the belt loop of the heatable endless belt 18 32 provided in the present case in the direction of web travel L are provided behind the support surface 20.
- This condensate drain 32 can, for example, at least one discharge channel, for example with an associated doctor, and / or at least one suction include.
- the area is within the band loop kept at ambient pressure by a suitable swath discharge.
- FIG. 2 An embodiment is shown in FIG. 2 in a purely schematic representation a smoothing device with two each a hard and smooth surface having heatable endless belts 18 of high thermal conductivity shown, each three simultaneously an elastic jacket or elastic Coating having deflection adjustment rollers 16 assigned are one with each of these deflection adjustment rollers 16 to form the corresponding smoothing zone 10.
- Each of the two is heated Endless belts 18 in the area of each smoothing zone 10 again on the inside supported by at least one support element 22 in front of each again a heating device 28 is arranged to the relevant heatable endless belt 18 with a hot gaseous medium or To apply steam that in the area of the respective smoothing zone 10 on the one hand the relevant endless belt 18 heated and on the other hand by the condensed heating medium between the relevant support surface 20 and the endless belt 18 which effects hydrodynamic lubrication Liquid film 30 is built up. Inside the ribbon loops can again condensate removal means 32 (see FIG. 1) or the like be provided.
- FIG. 2 there are three smoothing zones 10 in each case arranged vertically one above the other and the two three smoothing zones 10 comprehensive zone groups are provided horizontally next to each other.
- the material web 14 is in the present First around a lower left web guide roller 34, then generally up through the first three smoothing zones 10, then over two upper web guide rollers 36, then generally after below through the last three smoothing zones 10 and then over one guided lower right web guide roller 38.
- the two heated circumferential Endless belts 18 are each again via web guide rollers 24 and guided at least one tension roller.
- the heaters 28 are used again a sectionally controllable and / or adjustable heat supply possible.
- the heating devices 28 can again, for example be formed by internal steam blow boxes.
- the support surfaces 20 of the inside of the belt loops provided support elements 22 are again hydrodynamically through the condensate of the gaseous medium in question or steam lubricated.
- the desired smoothing process takes place each on the side of the concerned, each one hard and smooth Surface having heated endless belt 18, the material web 14 is smoothed on both sides in the present case.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- eine rein schematische Darstellung einer Glättzone einer Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn und
- Figur 2
- eine rein schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn mit zwei jeweils mehreren Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen zugeordneten beheizbaren Endlosbändern.
- 10
- Glättzone
- 12
- Glättvorrichtung
- 14
- Materialbahn
- 16
- Durchbiegungseinstellwalze
- 18
- beheizbares Endlosband
- 20
- Stützfläche
- 22
- Stützelement
- 24
- Bandleitwalze
- 26
- Spannwalze
- 28
- Heizeinrichtung
- 30
- Flüssigkeitsfilm
- 32
- Kondensatabführmittel
- 34
- Bahnleitwalze
- 36
- Bahnleitwalze
- 38
- Bahnleitwalze
- L
- Bahnlaufrichtung
Claims (13)
- Vorrichtung (12) zum Glätten einer Materialbahn (14), insbesondere einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn, mit wenigstens einer Glättzone (10), durch die die Materialbahn (14) hindurchgeführt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest eine Glättzone (10) zwischen einer eine weiche oder elastische Oberfläche aufweisenden Durchbiegungseinstellwalze (16) und einem eine harte und glatte Oberfläche aufweisenden beheizbaren Endlosband (18) hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit gebildet ist, das im Bereich der Glättzone (10) über eine innerhalb der Bandschlaufe liegende Stützfläche (20) geführt und innenseitig mit einem Heizmedium so beaufschlagt ist, daß einerseits dieses Endlosband (18) erhitzt und andererseits durch dasselbe Heizmedium zwischen der Stützfläche (20) und dem Endlosband (18) ein eine hydrodynamische Schmierung bewirkender Flüssigkeitsfilm (30) aufgebaut wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das beheizbare Endlosband innenseitig mit einem heißen gasförmigen Medium wie insbesondere Dampf beaufschlagt ist und der eine hydrodynamische Schmierung bewirkende Flüssigkeitsfilm (30) durch das kondensierte Heizmedium aufgebaut wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das beheizbare Endlosband (18) in Bahnlaufrichtung (L) vor der Stützfläche (20) mit dem Heizmedium beaufschlagt ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine über die Bahnbreite zonengesteuerte Heizvorrichtung (28) vorgesehen ist, mittels der das beheizbare Endlosband (18) zonengesteuert mit dem Heizmedium beaufschlagbar ist, wobei Heizeinrichtung (28) einen zonengesteuerten Dampffeuchter oder Dampfblaskasten umfaßt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Stützfläche (20) durch wenigstens ein Stützelement (22) gebildet ist, das zumindest im Bereich dieser Stützfläche (20) gekühlt ist, um die Kondensatbildung zu unterstützen. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das beheizbare Endlosband (18) durch ein Metallband gebildet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Stützfläche (20) durch wenigstens ein feststehendes, hochsteifes Stützelement (22) und insbesondere durch wenigstens ein schuhartiges Stützelement (22) gebildet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß innerhalb der Bandschlaufe des beheizbaren Endlosbandes (18) Kondensatabführmittel (32) vorgesehen sind, und zwar vorzugsweise in Bahnlaufrichtung (L) hinter der Stützfläche (20), wobei insbesondere die Kondensatabführmittel (32) wenigstens eine Abführrinne umfassen und vorzugsweise wenigstens eine Abführrinne mit zugeordneter Rakel vorgesehen ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Kondensatabführmittel (32) wenigstens eine Absaugung umfassen. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Bereich innerhalb der Bandschlaufe auf Umgebungsdruck gehalten ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das beheizbare Endlosband (18) über wenigstens eine Bandleitwalze (24) und/oder wenigstens eine Spannwalze (26) geführt ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zumindest ein eine harte und glatte Oberfläche aufweisendes beheizbares Endlosband (18) gleichzeitig mehreren jeweils eine weiche oder elastische Oberfläche aufweisenden Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen (16) zugeordnet ist, um mit jeder dieser Durchbiegungseinstellwalzen (16) jeweils eine entsprechende Glättzone (10) zu bilden. - Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mehrere Glättzonen (10) vorgesehen sind und daß die Materialbahn (14) in wenigstens einer Glättzone (10) mit einer Seite und in wenigstens einer anderen Glättzone (10) mit ihrer anderen Seite mit einem beheizbaren Endlosband (18) in Kontakt steht.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19828156A DE19828156A1 (de) | 1998-06-24 | 1998-06-24 | Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn |
DE19828156 | 1998-06-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0967324A2 true EP0967324A2 (de) | 1999-12-29 |
EP0967324A3 EP0967324A3 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
EP0967324B1 EP0967324B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
Family
ID=7871882
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99110294A Expired - Lifetime EP0967324B1 (de) | 1998-06-24 | 1999-05-27 | Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Materialbahn |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6182564B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0967324B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19828156A1 (de) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001071091A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Multiple-nip calender and calendering arrangement |
EP1314820A1 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-05-28 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Kalander zum Glätten einer Bahn aus Faserstoff |
EP1318232A2 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-06-11 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Kalander und Verfahren zum Glätten einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn |
EP1318236A3 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-11-26 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Glättzylinderanordnung |
EP1380686A1 (de) * | 2002-06-22 | 2004-01-14 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Breitnipvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Satinieren einer Materialbahn |
EP2119825A1 (de) | 2008-05-17 | 2009-11-18 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Kalander |
DE102010000855A1 (de) | 2010-01-13 | 2011-08-25 | Voith Patent GmbH, 89522 | Verfahren zur Fertigung eines Endlosbandes und Endlosband |
CN106945347A (zh) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-14 | 云南全心包装印刷有限公司 | 一种稳定节能的蒸汽压辊及应用其的蒸汽节能循环*** |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10151457A1 (de) * | 2001-10-18 | 2003-04-30 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zum kombinierten Trocknen und Glätten einer Materialbahn und Glättvorrichtung |
CN1625629B (zh) * | 2002-01-29 | 2012-06-27 | 梅特索纸业有限公司 | 加工涂布或非涂布纤维幅的加工装置 |
JP2005516132A (ja) * | 2002-01-29 | 2005-06-02 | メッツォ ペーパー インコーポレイテッド | 塗工若しくは未塗工繊維ウェブ処理装置及びその動作方法 |
FI20020159A (fi) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-30 | Metso Paper Inc | Pinnan muokkauslaite ja laitetta käyttävä menetelmä päällystetyn tai päällystämättömän kuiturainan viimeistelemiseksi |
FI120408B (fi) * | 2006-06-06 | 2009-10-15 | Metso Paper Inc | Käsittelylaite päällystetyn tai päällystämättömän kuiturainan käsittelemiseksi |
US8287266B2 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2012-10-16 | GKN Aerospace Services Structures, Corp. | Device for performing consolidation and method of use thereof |
ATE541987T1 (de) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-02-15 | Andritz Kuesters Gmbh | Kalander zum glätten einer papierbahn |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0370185A1 (de) * | 1988-10-31 | 1990-05-30 | Sulzer-Escher Wyss Gmbh | Verfahren zum Glätten einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn |
WO1998044195A1 (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-08 | Valmet Corporation | Calendering method and a calendar that makes use of the method |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE6802018U (de) * | 1968-10-12 | 1969-12-18 | Voith Gmbh J M | Einrichtung zum glaetten von faserstoffbahnen od. dgl. unter hoher temperatur und hohem pressdruck |
US3804707A (en) * | 1972-03-08 | 1974-04-16 | Beloit Corp | Papermaking press with inflatable rolls having thin deformable outer shells |
US4308096A (en) * | 1980-01-24 | 1981-12-29 | Beloit Corporation | Extended nip press |
US4704191A (en) * | 1985-01-08 | 1987-11-03 | Beloit Corp. | Electromagnetic extended nip press |
SE461171C (sv) * | 1988-05-25 | 1992-08-17 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Press med laangt nyp foer pappers- eller kartongmaskiner |
FI80098C (fi) * | 1988-06-29 | 1991-06-26 | Tampella Oy Ab | Vals foer press av en pappersmaskin el.dyl. |
JP2819535B2 (ja) | 1988-09-29 | 1998-10-30 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 製紙用カレンダ装置 |
DE4011394C1 (de) * | 1990-04-09 | 1991-11-28 | Sulzer-Escher Wyss Gmbh, 7980 Ravensburg, De | |
US5400707A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-03-28 | Champion International Corporation | Apparatus for finishing a continuous sheet of paper |
FI95061C (fi) * | 1993-03-08 | 1995-12-11 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Menetelmä paperiradan kalanteroinnissa ja menetelmää soveltava kalanteri |
EP0630725B1 (de) * | 1993-06-25 | 1998-09-16 | De Pretto-Escher Wyss s.r.l. | Einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Spanplatten, Faserplatten oder dgl. |
-
1998
- 1998-06-24 DE DE19828156A patent/DE19828156A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-27 EP EP99110294A patent/EP0967324B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 DE DE59903293T patent/DE59903293D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-23 US US09/338,381 patent/US6182564B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0370185A1 (de) * | 1988-10-31 | 1990-05-30 | Sulzer-Escher Wyss Gmbh | Verfahren zum Glätten einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn |
WO1998044195A1 (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-08 | Valmet Corporation | Calendering method and a calendar that makes use of the method |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001071091A1 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Multiple-nip calender and calendering arrangement |
US6827009B2 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2004-12-07 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Multiple-nip calender and calendering arrangement |
EP1318232A3 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-09-10 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Kalander und Verfahren zum Glätten einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn |
EP1318232A2 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-06-11 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Kalander und Verfahren zum Glätten einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn |
EP1318236A3 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-11-26 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Glättzylinderanordnung |
EP1314820A1 (de) * | 2001-11-24 | 2003-05-28 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Kalander zum Glätten einer Bahn aus Faserstoff |
EP1380686A1 (de) * | 2002-06-22 | 2004-01-14 | Voith Paper Patent GmbH | Breitnipvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Satinieren einer Materialbahn |
DE10227979C5 (de) * | 2002-06-22 | 2013-07-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Breitnipvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Satinieren einer Materialbahn |
EP2119825A1 (de) | 2008-05-17 | 2009-11-18 | Andritz Küsters GmbH | Kalander |
DE102008024082A1 (de) | 2008-05-17 | 2009-11-19 | Andritz Küsters Gmbh | Kalander |
DE102010000855A1 (de) | 2010-01-13 | 2011-08-25 | Voith Patent GmbH, 89522 | Verfahren zur Fertigung eines Endlosbandes und Endlosband |
CN106945347A (zh) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-14 | 云南全心包装印刷有限公司 | 一种稳定节能的蒸汽压辊及应用其的蒸汽节能循环*** |
CN106945347B (zh) * | 2017-04-19 | 2023-08-18 | 云南全心包装印刷有限公司 | 一种稳定节能的蒸汽压辊及应用其的蒸汽节能循环*** |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59903293D1 (de) | 2002-12-12 |
DE19828156A1 (de) | 1999-12-30 |
EP0967324A3 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
EP0967324B1 (de) | 2002-11-06 |
US6182564B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 |
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