EP0788879B1 - Rotary printing press - Google Patents

Rotary printing press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0788879B1
EP0788879B1 EP97101657A EP97101657A EP0788879B1 EP 0788879 B1 EP0788879 B1 EP 0788879B1 EP 97101657 A EP97101657 A EP 97101657A EP 97101657 A EP97101657 A EP 97101657A EP 0788879 B1 EP0788879 B1 EP 0788879B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
station
shaft
cylinder
motor
error
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EP97101657A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0788879A1 (en
Inventor
José Branas
Daniel Rota
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Bobst Mex SA
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Bobst SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/008—Mechanical features of drives, e.g. gears, clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2213/00—Arrangements for actuating or driving printing presses; Auxiliary devices or processes
    • B41P2213/70—Driving devices associated with particular installations or situations
    • B41P2213/73—Driving devices for multicolour presses
    • B41P2213/734—Driving devices for multicolour presses each printing unit being driven by its own electric motor, i.e. electric shaft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a printing machine rotary of strip or plate elements, and more particularly to a full color printing machine with multiple stations of basic colors, these prints overlapping to give the final image.
  • Each station includes, among other things, a lower plate cylinder working jointly on the one hand with a ink cylinder and an underlying transfer cylinder and secondly with an upper support cylinder.
  • the document EP 352 483 describes a machine in which all the support cylinders are animated by angular gearboxes engaged with a first mechanical shaft driven by a first electric motor, and all the plate cylinders are animated from a second mechanical shaft driven by a second motor electric. These two motors are controlled by a central computer digital adapting the angular speed of the cylinder shaft plate holders in case their diameter does not correspond to that of support cylinders, which eliminates the need to change them.
  • the document FR 2 541 179 describes a machine for making folding boxes, from sheets of cardboard, in which a section between four printing groups is inserted between a section upstream introduction and delivery sections, notching, cutting, folding and then receiving downstream.
  • a DC motor M1 trains the lower and upper carriers of each group printer whose plate cylinders are driven individually by four M2-M5 DC motors.
  • the calibration of the location longitudinal between the printing units is achieved by acting electrically on the angular position of each of the motors M2 to M5.
  • the printing cylinder of each printing unit is arranged so can also be moved laterally to align them impressions of different groups. To do this, it is mounted on bearings allowing a lateral displacement of the cylinder under the action of the motors M105 to M108.
  • This machine includes a device for driving motors M1 to M5 consisting of a control group, comprising a setpoint generator circuit and a motor synchronization circuit; a computing group made up of a microcomputer with circuits inputs / outputs; a signal conditioning group comprising a organ of meaning discrimination and multiplication of impulses from pulse generators G1 to G5 from motors M1 to M5 as well a conditioning circuit for interphase and shaping of signals from the first and second groups; and a group of logic from command consisting of a logic circuit for selecting the drives and a logic circuit for selecting manual commands.
  • This device creates a shaft between the motors M2 to M5 electric synchronization of the printing units, by chocking on the master engine M1 of general drive sheets which receives electrical pulses from an encoder.
  • This device achieves in particular the verification of the agreement between the programmed values and the actual state of the machine's components; a pre-positioning of motors M1 to M5 when changing jobs or after rupture of the electric shaft connecting them; execution of corrections angles of motors M1 to M5, whether on command by push button or by sheet tracking control units, as well as execution lateral corrections by acting on engines M105 to M108; and an monitoring the proper functioning of the different engines.
  • a recent development described for example under the SYNAX name in the catalog of the engine manufacturer MANNESMANN REXROTH of September 1994, consists of use asynchronous electric motors with "vector” control including electronic position control and servo circuits angular of the motor are connected by a transmission loop to a central electronic computation station synchronization, this central unit sending to each control circuit a value of "leaking" position setpoint, that is to say evolving with the desired speed of the machine.
  • a first interest of asynchronous motors is that they are cheaper to buy and maintain because their rotors don't that large turns short-circuited on themselves.
  • stator the supply of the stator is carried out by means of a voltage inverter by acting on the frequency and on the amplitude of the stator voltage.
  • phase control is performed of the stator voltage with respect to the rotor flux, which makes it possible to obtain faster response.
  • the position setpoints are usefully transmitted from the data center to the control circuits digitally along of an optical fiber loop, this transfer being particularly insensitive electromagnetic disturbances present in the workshops.
  • angular encoders intended to be mounted at the end of the rotary axis and generating an output signal sinusoidal whose interpolation makes it possible to determine the angular position of the axis to 1/2000000 of a millimeter. So the regulation carried out by a control circuit whose feedback loop receives the signal from such a encoder ensures synchronization accuracy of less than 0.005 angular degrees, which, for a plate cylinder of diameter usual of the order of 800 millimeters, corresponds to a peripheral error of 0.07 of a millimeter, i.e. well below the error of positioning of 0.10 millimeter usually tolerated in printing.
  • the document EP 401 656 describes, for example, a device for the drive and the adjustment of a plate cylinder and its cylinder which device is located on one side of the machine.
  • the drive torque of the cylinders is transmitted by three gear wheels in series with helical teeth.
  • the second gear is free rotationally mounted on the axis of the plate cylinder via of a landing.
  • a double gear wheel present, next to the first wheel toothed with helical teeth, a toothed crown with straight teeth which meshes on a gear wheel with straight teeth also mounted rigidly on the axis of the plate cylinder.
  • Peripheral identification is carried out by moving the double toothed wheel parallel to the axis, so the first helical wheel relative to the second, which moves forwards or backwards the peripheral position of the plate cylinder relative to the cylinder support.
  • the document EP 699 524 which belongs to the state of the art as defined in Article 54 (3) EPC, relates to a printing machine offset whose printing cylinder is directly driven by a motor electric controlled by a central unit synchronizing the stations between them by controlling and controlling the angular position of each axis of plate cylinder. A device reading printed mark marks by each station, establishes the lateral and longitudinal register error for each station.
  • the document EP 693 374 describes a control system electric particularly suitable for rotary printing machines notably equipped with an angle encoder generating a representative signal the angular position of each of the axes of the motors coupled to printing cylinders.
  • EP 644 048 relates to the annexation of cylinders blanket holder and printing cylinders of a printing machine in one single group of cylinders and one damper control circumferential of said cylinders.
  • Document US 4,484,522 discloses an automated system adjustment of the register, by detection of reference marks, for a color printing machine having optical units controllable by computer for controlling the lateral and longitudinal register.
  • the printing cylinders are automatically adjusted one with respect to the other before each start of printing.
  • Document US 3,742,850 relates to a mechanism for adjusting the lateral and longitudinal register in a machine which, on the one hand, changes the angular relationship between the drive shaft and the printing roller, and on the other hand allows transversely move the position of the latter.
  • document US 4,414,898 proposes a way of achieving a printing cylinder which is laterally adjustable in its bearings and describes in particular are fixing system where the axis of the motor is held by a removable bearing, and the plate cylinder is fixed on this axis by clamping its two end hubs between a first fixed cone and a second removable cone capable of being pushed towards the first by mechanical means.
  • the object of the present invention is a printing machine based on vector asynchronous direct drive motors plate cylinders, and if desired also support cylinders, this machine additionally comprising manual double correction means or automatic longitudinal and lateral registers of stereotypes excluding any reduction mechanism inserted between a motor and its cylinder plate holders.
  • Figure 1 is schematically illustrated an element in strip 4, such as a strip of paper or cardboard, passing successively in three printing stations 1, 2 and 3 comprising each a plate cylinder 16 facing a support cylinder 14 working like a rolling mill.
  • these stations successively deposit a square, circular then cross print designed to overlap exactly.
  • all the axes 24 of the support cylinders 14 are mechanically connected to the same drive shaft 54 moving the machine upstream and downstream along its printing stations.
  • the coupling of these axes 24 of support cylinders is carried out by means of bevel gears 34 with bevel gears.
  • This tree 54 is driven by an electric motor 110 controlled by a first electronic circuit of control and servo of the angular position 100.
  • the position angular a0 of the shaft 54, reflecting the advance of the strip 4 is read by a encoder 64 whose electrical signal representative of this angular position is applied in the feedback loop of circuit 100.
  • the plate cylinder 16 of each of the stations 1, 2 and 3 is directly mounted on an output shaft 65 of a motor electric, i.e. the rotor 26 of this motor is built on the very end of this axis, while the stator 36 is integral with the chassis of the machine.
  • the diameter of this axis 65 is relatively wide, of the order of 50 to 80mm, to transmit significant torques without elastic tension, but it is also hollow in the middle to decrease its moment of inertia.
  • These motors are preferably current asynchronous AC controlled by an electronic control circuit and angular position control 101, 102 and 103 respectively for each station.
  • control circuits and 100-103 servo are connected by a loop network to a unit central computer 10.
  • This unit includes a keyboard for input of data and instructions, a microprocessor, a plurality of memories containing management programs and data according to machine characteristics, as well as a display screen for parameters entered and / or data applied as output on the loop.
  • this transmission loop consists of a fiber cable coaxial optics, a first strand connecting the output of the central unit 10 to the control circuit 100 of the drive motor of all of the support cylinders, a second strand connecting circuit 100 to circuit 101 of motor control of the first station, a third strand connecting the circuit 101 to the 102 engine control circuit of the second station, a fourth strand connecting the circuit 102 to the control circuit 103 of the motor the third station and, finally, a fifth strand ensuring the closure back to the central computer unit 10.
  • an angular encoder 56 delivers a signal a 1, a 2 and a 3 representative of the instantaneous angular position of the corresponding rotor 26, therefore of the plate cylinder as soon as it is admitted that the axis 65 is sufficiently rigid by its dimensions.
  • the signal generated by this encoder 56 is applied in the feedback loop of the electronic control circuit and corresponding servo 101, 102 and 103.
  • This circuit includes first a first subset of servo of the couple G comprising a circuit Ki generating the stator electrical energy Is1, Us1 and f1, as well as a feedback feedback loop, either of the intensity by phases either of the flow for establishment of a possible error of correction.
  • Ki torque control circuits for motors asynchronous are known.
  • US-3,824,437 describes a circuit in which the magnetic field in its air gap is measured and the stator current we transform the measured stator current into two stator current components in quadratures oriented with respect to measured magnetic field one of the current components is regulated stator in quadrature proportional to the flow amplitude setpoint total rotor head at a constant level fixed by a quantity of reference to the constant input corresponding to the setpoint amplitude of the total effective rotor flow and the other current component is varied stator in quadrature with a second reference quantity or command applied to the input and proportional to the setpoint torque of the asynchronous motor.
  • Another method of controlling an engine asynchronous described in the document SU-193 604 consists in regulating phase by phase the instantaneous phase currents of the stator of a motor asynchronous by comparing setpoints and current measurements stator phase snapshots, to vary the stator current with the sum in quadrature of two components of stator current, of which one is constant and corresponds to the constant magnetic flux to be reached, the other being variable according to a control quantity corresponding to the setpoint torque of the asynchronous motor. Simultaneously, the frequency of the stator current is varied with the sum of two frequencies, one of which is that of rotation of the rotor, the other being subject to variation of the setpoint torque.
  • the control and servo circuit 101 further comprises a speed control loop based on the signal PL1 (a) from of the angular encoder 56, this signal being derived over time in the loop feedback to get effective speed information which is compared to the setpoint for establishing the possible error, then speed control in the kV circuit put in series with the circuit torque control Ki.
  • the information pL1 (a) from the encoder 56 is also compared to the setpoint signal pL1 (t) received from the fiber optic transmission loop for establishing a possible position error, then control in position in the circuit Kp connected in series with the speed control circuit Kv. So the angular position of the motor output axis 65 almost reflects the setpoint applied at input.
  • the axis 65 is mounted to rotate freely in bearings at rollers or needles 40, 40 'and 40' 'also allowing movement axial when desired, this axial movement taking on the one hand the rotor 26 and on the other hand the plate cylinder 16. More precisely, these bearings are in contact with the axis 65 through friction rings 42.
  • the first bearing 40 is installed in a base 32 located at the rear of the stator 36 of the engine and fixed to the chassis 37 of the machine by the casing 33 of the electric motor.
  • the second bearing 40 ' is located between the electric motor and the plate cylinder 16, more precisely installed in a crown 38 integral with the chassis 37.
  • the third bearing 40 '' is, for its part, installed at the other end of the axis 65 and of the cylinder 16 within a block 80 of the chassis likely to be moved back for clearance.
  • the flange 45 is composed of two bearings crimped on axis 65 and pushed against a shoulder 44 of this axis by a nut 43 engaged with an external thread of the axis, this thrust being made through a spacer 41 leaving free access to the fork 55.
  • the fork 55 is itself mounted through a ball bearing 53 along a support pin 58 mounted in the chassis 37 parallel to the axis 65.
  • This fork is brought in axial translation by a carriage 52 in two parts and in engagement with a double worm screw 30. Adjustment of the tightening of these two carriage parts 52 makes it possible to annihilate any residual play.
  • the end of the worm 30 carries a pulley 29 driven by a toothed belt 28 in taken with the output pinion 27 of a stepping motor 25 mounted rigidly on an upper flange 39 of the chassis 37.
  • this assembly can be done very rigidly.
  • the precision of the displacement of the fork 55, therefore of the axis 65, is obtained on the one hand by the pitch of the micrometric screw 30 and on the other hand by the diameter ratio of the pulley 29 and the pinion 27.
  • the angular encoder 56 is mounted at the rear of the motor at the end of the axis 65. More particularly, the attachment 46 of the encoder housing to the fixed base 32 is such that it allows a axial displacement of this case to always remain in correspondence exact with its internal rotary mechanism 57 which is integral with the axis 65, but is such that it rigidly maintains this housing in a position fixed and precise angular with respect to this base 32.
  • this fastener 46 is composed of a plurality of slats in the form of concentric crowns 47 attached to each other in pairs diametral of fasteners 48, a pair between two strips being offset at right angle to the next pair. These slats being thin, they are flexible in the axial direction. However, the crown shape of these slats prevents any rotation relative to the central axis.
  • This encoder 56 is protected by a cover 31 fixed to the base 32.
  • the printing machine further comprises a device for locating marks printed at the edge of the strip by each of the stations, this identification making it possible to establish any errors longitudinal and lateral register of one or other of the prints.
  • the marks 5 pass under a head optical reading 21 focusing a beam of light sent by a first part of a bundle of optical fibers 23.
  • the reflected light is read by the read head 21 and driven by the second part of the fiber optics 23 to photosensitive elements 20 whose signals generated electrics are applied to a register control unit 22.
  • This control unit 22 includes a processing circuit 220 of conditioning and selection of the signals which it directs either towards a circuit for calculating the longitudinal error 222, i.e. towards a circuit for calculating lateral error 224.
  • Circuit 222 includes three output lines allowing to apply a signal representative of the longitudinal error dL1 to the control and servo circuit 101 of the first station and, from analogously, to apply the signals representative of an error of register dL2 and dL3 to the control and servo circuits 102 and 103 corresponding stations.
  • the error calculation circuit side 224 includes, among other things, three outlets for applying a signal representative of the side register error dl1 at the preamplification and control 15 of the engine 25 of the first station and, in parallel, signals dl2 and dl3 representative of lateral errors at control circuits of the lateral correction motors 25 of stations 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the correction signal dl (i) correspondent triggers the rotation, in one direction or the other, of the motor 25 concerned which moves the fork 55 forwards or backwards so the axis 65 with its plate cylinder, and thereby corrects the lateral position of the plate at fault.
  • the lateral error correction range is usually +/- 5mm.
  • a rather slender asynchronous motor for example active parts with a length of the order of 500 mm
  • the rotor offset from stator due to lateral correction remains less than 1% of their total length, which only results in very slight disruptions to flows which are quickly caught up by the electronic control and servo circuit 10 (i).
  • this displacement due to lateral register correction had no influence on the reading accuracy of the angle encoder 56 thanks to its 46 special attachment, allowing continued operation correct asynchronous motor control and servo circuit vector.
  • the longitudinal error signal dL1 is directly added in the addition of the setpoint signal pL1 (t) and the pL1 (a) feedback at the input of the control and servo circuit 101.
  • This locating error dL1 is then simply and spontaneously treated as if it were in fact only an error detected by the feedback.
  • the asynchronous motor accelerates (or slows down) slightly during one revolution to re-align with respect to the advance of the strip 4 as imposed by the rotation of the counter cylinders 14. A new registration mark is then read by the read head 21. If the circuit 22 finds a residual error, it reapplies a lower adjustment correction dL1 'for the lap next.
  • the plate cylinder 16 in fact comprises a rigid and light cylindrical shell, for example made of aluminum, at the ends of which are fixed, by welding or other means, two hubs 74 having a concave conical central cavity oriented towards outside.
  • the axis 65 is then completed by a first cone 70 having a fixed position.
  • this first cone 70 is supported on the ring 42 emerging from the second 40 'roller bearing.
  • the end of the axis opposite to the motor then comprises a first part of restricted diameter taken in the 40 "bearing, the next part then having an external thread on which can be engaged a nut 43 allowing to push forward a second movable cone 72.
  • a change of plate cylinder takes place simply by releasing the bearing 40 '' from the axis by removing the movable block 80 and tilting. We can then unscrew the nut 43, which frees the second movable cone 72 therefore the cylinder 16 which can be removed. We notice then that the presence of axis 65 remained permanently allows to guide the new cylinder on which it is threaded. Movable cone 72 is reinstalled and then pushed forward by rotation of the nut 44. The hubs 74 are thus tightened between the two cones 70 and 72, which achieves a rigid fixing and without play. The 40 '' bearing is finally replaced in advance of the block 80. In particular, these cylinders being lighter than before, they are of a manipulation faster and more precise. We can even consider automating such a change by means of a robot.
  • a sleeve is usually fitted on the plate cylinder made of expanded material having a certain internal radial elasticity and on the hard peripheral envelope from which the collage photos.
  • a flexible tube 67 protected by the cover 31, connects an external connection socket 68 of compressed air with the internal channel 66 of the axis.
  • this channel 66 leads to one or more radial openings 76 diffusing the compressed air inside the cylinder plate holder 18.
  • the end hub may then include one or more several internal channels 75 for diffusing the compressed air under the sleeve 19.
  • this sleeve expands radially, thereby increasing its internal diameter, which annihilates any friction force. It is thus possible to use a range of sleeves having thicknesses between 2.5mm and 66.2mm used alone or in overlay.
  • the reference 17 designates a plate cylinder of diameter particularly important and on which are directly stuck pictures, this configuration being useful in countries where the supply of sleeves flexible is deficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Rotary Presses (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à une machine d'impression rotative d'éléments en bande ou en plaque, et plus particulièrement à une machine d'impression polychrome comprenant plusieurs stations d'impression de couleurs fondamentales, ces impressions se superposant pour donner l'image finale. Chaque station comprend, entre autres, un cylindre porte-clichés inférieur travaillant conjointement d'une part avec un cylindre encreur et un cylindre de transfert sous-jacent et d'autre part avec un cylindre d'appui supérieur.The present invention relates to a printing machine rotary of strip or plate elements, and more particularly to a full color printing machine with multiple stations of basic colors, these prints overlapping to give the final image. Each station includes, among other things, a lower plate cylinder working jointly on the one hand with a ink cylinder and an underlying transfer cylinder and secondly with an upper support cylinder.

A ce titre, le document EP 352 483 décrit une machine d'impression dans laquelle tous les cylindres d'appui sont animés par des renvois d'angle en prise avec un premier arbre mécanique entraíné par un premier moteur électrique, et tous les cylindres porte-clichés sont animés à partir d'un second arbre mécanique entraíné par un second moteur électrique. Ces deux moteurs sont pilotés par une centrale de calcul numérique adaptant la vitesse angulaire de l'arbre des cylindres porte-clichés au cas où leur diamètre ne correspond pas à celui des cylindres d'appui, ce qui évite de devoir les changer.As such, the document EP 352 483 describes a machine in which all the support cylinders are animated by angular gearboxes engaged with a first mechanical shaft driven by a first electric motor, and all the plate cylinders are animated from a second mechanical shaft driven by a second motor electric. These two motors are controlled by a central computer digital adapting the angular speed of the cylinder shaft plate holders in case their diameter does not correspond to that of support cylinders, which eliminates the need to change them.

Toutefois, ce type d'entraínement au moyen d'un ou deux arbres complétés de mécanismes de renvoi d'angle est plutôt onéreux. La précision de cet entraínement est également limitée, d'autant plus qu'un à-coup dans l'une des stations se répercute sur les autres. De plus, cet entraínement peut facilement se mettre en vibration de par sa faible fréquence mécanique propre.However, this type of training by means of one or two shafts complete with angle deflection mechanisms is rather expensive. The accuracy of this training is also limited, especially since a suddenly in one of the stations affects the others. In addition, this training can easily vibrate due to its low natural mechanical frequency.

Le document FR 2 541 179 décrit une machine de confection de boítes pliantes, à partir de feuilles de carton, dans laquelle une section d'impression à quatre groupes imprimeurs est intercalée entre une section d'introduction en amont et des sections de refoulement, d'encochage, de découpe, de pliage puis de réception en aval. Un moteur à courant continu M1 entraíne les transporteurs inférieurs et supérieurs de chaque groupe imprimeur dont les cylindres porte-clichés sont entraínés individuellement par quatre moteurs à courant continu M2-M5. Le calage du repérage longitudinal entre les groupes imprimeurs est réalisé en agissant électriquement sur la position angulaire de chacun des moteurs M2 à M5. Le cylindre porte-clichés de chaque groupe imprimeur est agencé de façon à pouvoir être aussi déplacé latéralement pour aligner entre elles les impressions de différents groupes. Pour ce faire, il est monté sur des paliers permettant un déplacement latéral du cylindre sous l'action des moteurs M105 à M108.The document FR 2 541 179 describes a machine for making folding boxes, from sheets of cardboard, in which a section between four printing groups is inserted between a section upstream introduction and delivery sections, notching, cutting, folding and then receiving downstream. A DC motor M1 trains the lower and upper carriers of each group printer whose plate cylinders are driven individually by four M2-M5 DC motors. The calibration of the location longitudinal between the printing units is achieved by acting electrically on the angular position of each of the motors M2 to M5. The printing cylinder of each printing unit is arranged so can also be moved laterally to align them impressions of different groups. To do this, it is mounted on bearings allowing a lateral displacement of the cylinder under the action of the motors M105 to M108.

Cette machine comprend un dispositif d'entraínement des moteurs M1 à M5 se composant d'un groupe de commande, comprenant un circuit générateur de consigne et un circuit de synchronisation par moteur; un groupe de calcul constitué par un micro-ordinateur avec des circuits d'entrées/sorties ; un groupe de conditionnement de signaux comprenant un organe de discrimination de sens et de multiplication des impulsions provenant de générateurs d'impulsions G1 à G5 des moteurs M1 à M5 ainsi qu'un circuit de conditionnement pour interphasage et mise en forme des signaux allant des premiers et second groupes ; et un groupe de logique de commande composé d'un circuit logique de sélection des entraínement et d'un circuit logique de sélection des commandes manuelles.This machine includes a device for driving motors M1 to M5 consisting of a control group, comprising a setpoint generator circuit and a motor synchronization circuit; a computing group made up of a microcomputer with circuits inputs / outputs; a signal conditioning group comprising a organ of meaning discrimination and multiplication of impulses from pulse generators G1 to G5 from motors M1 to M5 as well a conditioning circuit for interphase and shaping of signals from the first and second groups; and a group of logic from command consisting of a logic circuit for selecting the drives and a logic circuit for selecting manual commands.

Ce dispositif réalise entre les moteurs M2 à M5 un arbre électrique virtuel de synchronisation des groupes imprimeurs, et ce en les calant sur le moteur maítre M1 d'entraínement général des feuilles dont il reçoit des impulsions électriques d'un codeur. Ce dispositif réalise notamment la vérification de la concordance entre les valeurs programmées et l'état effectif auquel se trouvent les organes de la machine ; un prépositionnement des moteurs M1 à M5 lors d'un changement de travail ou après rupture de l'arbre électrique les reliant; l'exécution des corrections angulaires des moteurs M1 à M5, que ce soit sur ordre par bouton-poussoir ou par des unités de contrôle de repérage des feuilles, ainsi que l'exécution des corrections latérales en agissant sur les moteurs M105 à M108 ; et une surveillance de la bonne marche des différents moteurs.This device creates a shaft between the motors M2 to M5 electric synchronization of the printing units, by chocking on the master engine M1 of general drive sheets which receives electrical pulses from an encoder. This device achieves in particular the verification of the agreement between the programmed values and the actual state of the machine's components; a pre-positioning of motors M1 to M5 when changing jobs or after rupture of the electric shaft connecting them; execution of corrections angles of motors M1 to M5, whether on command by push button or by sheet tracking control units, as well as execution lateral corrections by acting on engines M105 to M108; and an monitoring the proper functioning of the different engines.

Déjà plus précise, cette machine est toutefois handicapée par les inconvénients inhérents aux moteurs à courant continu, à savoir : leur encombrement dû à des diamètres nécessairement assez larges ; les entretiens réguliers des balais permettant le bouclage des circuits du rotor dans des machines conventionnelles, ou leur prix dans le cas des moteurs dit "brushless" du fait qu'il est nécessaire fritter de larges aimants sur le rotor pour constituer les pôles.Already more precise, this machine is however handicapped by the disadvantages inherent in DC motors, namely: their size due to necessarily large enough diameters; the regular brush maintenance allowing the rotor circuits to be closed in conventional machines, or their price in the case of motors says "brushless" because it is necessary to sinter large magnets on the rotor to form the poles.

Un développement récent, décrit par exemple sous la dénomination SYNAX dans le catalogue du constructeur de moteur électrique MANNESMANN REXROTH de septembre 1994, consiste à employer des moteurs électriques asynchrones à pilotage dit "vectoriel" dont les circuits électroniques de contrôle et d'asservissement de position angulaire du moteur sont reliés par une boucle de transmission à une centrale de calcul électronique de synchronisation des stations entre elles, cette centrale adressant à chaque circuit de contrôle une valeur de consigne de position "fuyante", c'est-à-dire évoluant avec la vitesse désirée de la machine.A recent development, described for example under the SYNAX name in the catalog of the engine manufacturer MANNESMANN REXROTH of September 1994, consists of use asynchronous electric motors with "vector" control including electronic position control and servo circuits angular of the motor are connected by a transmission loop to a central electronic computation station synchronization, this central unit sending to each control circuit a value of "leaking" position setpoint, that is to say evolving with the desired speed of the machine.

Un premier intérêt des moteurs asynchrones est qu'ils sont moins chers à l'achat et à l'entretien du fait que leur rotors ne comportent que de grosses spires court-circuitées sur elles mêmes.A first interest of asynchronous motors is that they are cheaper to buy and maintain because their rotors don't that large turns short-circuited on themselves.

L'intérêt majeur des moteurs asynchrones est la remarquable précision du couple de sortie, et par là de la vitesse et de la position angulaire, obtenue par un pilotage dit "vectoriel" dans lequel l'alimentation du stator s'effectue au moyen d'un onduleur de tension en agissant sur la fréquence et sur l'amplitude de la tension statorique. En alternative, au lieu d'un contrôle de la fréquence statorique, on effectue un contrôle de la phase de la tension statorique par rapport au flux rotorique, ce qui permet d'obtenir une réponse plus rapide.The major interest of asynchronous motors is the remarkable precision of the output torque, and therefore of the speed and position angular, obtained by a so-called "vector" control in which the supply of the stator is carried out by means of a voltage inverter by acting on the frequency and on the amplitude of the stator voltage. Alternatively, instead stator frequency control, phase control is performed of the stator voltage with respect to the rotor flux, which makes it possible to obtain faster response.

Utilement, les consignes de position sont transmises de la centrale de calcul aux circuits de pilotage de manière numérique le long d'une boucle de fibre optique, ce transfert étant particuliérement insensible aux perturbations électromagnétiques présentes dans les ateliers.The position setpoints are usefully transmitted from the data center to the control circuits digitally along of an optical fiber loop, this transfer being particularly insensitive electromagnetic disturbances present in the workshops.

Par ailleurs, on connaít des codeurs angulaires prévus pour être montés à l'extrémité de l'axe rotatif et générant un signal de sortie sinusoïdal dont l'interpolation permet de déterminer la position angulaire de l'axe à 1/2000000 de millimètre près. Alors, la régulation effectuée par un circuit de pilotage dont la boucle de contre-réaction reçoit le signal d'un tel codeur permet d'assurer une précision de synchronisation inférieure à 0,005 de degré angulaires, ce qui, pour un cylindre porte-clichés de diamètre usuel de l'ordre de 800 millimétres, correspond à une erreur périphérique de 0,07 de millimétre, c'est-à-dire bien en dessous de l'erreur de positionnement de 0,10 de millimétre usuellement tolérée en imprimerie.Furthermore, we know angular encoders intended to be mounted at the end of the rotary axis and generating an output signal sinusoidal whose interpolation makes it possible to determine the angular position of the axis to 1/2000000 of a millimeter. So the regulation carried out by a control circuit whose feedback loop receives the signal from such a encoder ensures synchronization accuracy of less than 0.005 angular degrees, which, for a plate cylinder of diameter usual of the order of 800 millimeters, corresponds to a peripheral error of 0.07 of a millimeter, i.e. well below the error of positioning of 0.10 millimeter usually tolerated in printing.

On peut alors proposer de relier directement l'axe de sortie du moteur asynchrone vectoriel à l'axe du cylindre porte-clichés, ce qui permet de supprimer tout accouplement réducteur usuel comportant toujours un jeu élastique perturbant la transmission du couple et de la position. Mieux, il est proposé de réaliser un axe commun au rotor du moteur et au cylindre porte-clichés, cet axe étant de diamètre plus large et creux pour optimiser le rapport entre la rigidité de transmission de couple et l'inertie de rotation.We can then propose to directly connect the output axis of the vector asynchronous motor to the axis of the plate cylinder, which allows to remove any usual reduction coupling always having a play elastic disrupting the transmission of torque and position. Better it is proposed to make an axis common to the motor rotor and the cylinder plate holders, this axis being of larger and hollow diameter to optimize the relationship between the stiffness of torque transmission and the inertia of rotation.

Par ailleurs, et comme mentionné dans la description de la machine à moteurs à courant continu, il est important de pouvoir corriger en cours de production la position d'un cylindre porte-clichés en fonction de celle des autres lorsque l'impression correspondante s'avère ne plus être en registre. Lorsque l'erreur est dans le sens du défilement de l'élément, on parle d'une erreur "longitudinale", et il convient de modifier la positon périphérique du cliché, donc la position angulaire du cylindre correspondant. Lorsque l'erreur est transversale, on parle d'une erreur "latérale", et il convient de déplacer le cylindre porte-clichés le long de son axe.Furthermore, and as mentioned in the description of the machine with DC motors, it is important to be able to correct in during production the position of a plate cylinder according to that of others when the corresponding impression turns out to be no longer in register. When the error is in the direction of scrolling of the element, we speaks of a "longitudinal" error, and the position should be modified peripheral of the photograph, therefore the angular position of the corresponding cylinder. When the error is transverse, we speak of a "lateral" error, and it the plate cylinder should be moved along its axis.

Le document EP 401 656 décrit, par exemple, un dispositif pour l'entraínement et le réglage d'un cylindre porte-clichés et de son cylindre d'appui, lequel dispositif est situé d'un seul côté de la machine. Dans ce dispositif, le couple d'entraínement des cylindres est transmis par trois roues dentées en série à dentures hélicoïdales. La seconde roue dentée est montée libre en rotation sur l'axe du cylindre porte-clichés par l'intermédiaire d'un palier. Une double roue dentée présente, à côté de la premiére roue dentée à denture hélicoïdale, une couronne dentée à denture droite qui s'engrène sur une roue dentée à denture également droite montée rigidement sur l'axe du cylindre porte-clichés. Le repérage latéral s'effectue alors en avançant ou reculant l'axe du cylindre porte-clichés, ce qui n'a aucune conséquence sur la vitesse de rotation des cylindres du fait des dentures droites et de la seconde roue flottante. Le repérage périphérique s'effectue en déplaçant la double roue dentée parallèlement à l'axe, donc la première roue hélicoïdale par rapport à la seconde, ce qui avance ou recule la position périphérique du cylindre porte-clichés par rapport au cylindre d'appui.The document EP 401 656 describes, for example, a device for the drive and the adjustment of a plate cylinder and its cylinder which device is located on one side of the machine. In this device, the drive torque of the cylinders is transmitted by three gear wheels in series with helical teeth. The second gear is free rotationally mounted on the axis of the plate cylinder via of a landing. A double gear wheel present, next to the first wheel toothed with helical teeth, a toothed crown with straight teeth which meshes on a gear wheel with straight teeth also mounted rigidly on the axis of the plate cylinder. Lateral tracking is done then by advancing or retreating the axis of the plate cylinder, which has no consequence on the rotation speed of the cylinders due to straight teeth and the second floating wheel. Peripheral identification is carried out by moving the double toothed wheel parallel to the axis, so the first helical wheel relative to the second, which moves forwards or backwards the peripheral position of the plate cylinder relative to the cylinder support.

Les documents US 4 782 752, EP 262 298, EP 154 836 DE 27 20 313, et FR 2 380 137, décrivent d'autres dispositifs équivalents dont les mécanismes de corrections de repérage longitudinal et latéral incluent un engrenage à denture hélicoïdale et un autre à denture droite, les corrections pouvant être effectuées séparément, à la main ou à distance au moyen de moteurs électriques. Incidemment, l'utilisation d'engrenages permet d'insérer un réducteur diminuant la puissance nécessaire du moteur, et divisant également la résolution nécessaire des calculs de corrections ultérieurs par la valeur du facteur de réduction.Documents US 4,782,752, EP 262,298, EP 154,836 DE 27 20,313, and FR 2,380,137, describe other equivalent devices, the Longitudinal and lateral tracking correction mechanisms include a gear with helical teeth and another with straight teeth, corrections can be carried out separately, by hand or remotely using electric motors. Incidentally, the use of gears allows insert a reducer reducing the power required by the motor, and also dividing the necessary resolution of the correction calculations the value of the reduction factor.

Toutefois, ces dispositifs de double corrections connus impliquent la présence de dispositifs réducteurs à engrenages intercalés entre le moteur d'entraïnement et l'axe du cylindre porte-clichés, réducteurs dont le fonctionnement est modifié en fonction de la correction désirée par un jeu de bielles, cames ou leviers agissant soit sur l'une ou l'autre des roues dentées ou sur tel ou tel autre palier de support de l'axe de cylindre. Ces dispositifs complexes sont d'abord coûteux à réaliser. Ces dispositifs impliquent ensuited'importantes inerties à surmonter soit manuellement, soit à l'aide de moteurs puissants qui ralentissent la mise en oeuvre de la correction. De plus, l'usure inévitable des pièces dans le temps induit des jeux mécaniques au sein des dispositifs altérant la précision des corrections.However, these known double correction devices imply the presence of gear reducers with interposed gears between the drive motor and the axis of the plate cylinder, reducers whose operation is modified according to the correction desired by a set of connecting rods, cams or levers acting either on one or the other of the cogwheels or on such or such other support bearing of the cylinder axis. These complex devices are firstly expensive to produce. These devices then involve significant inertia to be overcome either manually or using powerful motors that slow down the implementation of the correction. In addition, the inevitable wear of the parts over time induces mechanical games within the devices altering the precision of corrections.

Ces effets réduisent alors sensiblement l'intérêt de l'emploi de moteurs électriques sophistiqués, notamment des moteurs asynchrones à pilotage vectoriel de haute précision. Pour des machines utilisant ce type de moteurs, on en reste alors à un contrôle du repérage longitudinal complexe au moyen de cylindres baladeurs de modification de tension de bande entre deux stations, et il n'est prévu aucune correction latérale.These effects then significantly reduce the value of using sophisticated electric motors, including asynchronous motors with high precision vector control. For machines using this type of engines, we are left with a control of the complex longitudinal location by means of sliding cylinders for modifying the band tension between two stations, and no lateral correction is planned.

Le document EP 699 524, qui appartient à l'état de la technique tel que défini à l'article 54(3) CBE, concerne une machine d'impression offset dont le cylindre d'impression est directement entraíné par un moteur électrique piloté par une unité centrale synchronisant les stations entre elles par le contrôle et l'asservissement de la position angulaire de chaque axe de cylindre porte-clichés. Un dispositif lisant des marques repère imprimées par chaque station, établit l'erreur de registre latéral et longitudinal pour chaque station.The document EP 699 524, which belongs to the state of the art as defined in Article 54 (3) EPC, relates to a printing machine offset whose printing cylinder is directly driven by a motor electric controlled by a central unit synchronizing the stations between them by controlling and controlling the angular position of each axis of plate cylinder. A device reading printed mark marks by each station, establishes the lateral and longitudinal register error for each station.

Le document EP 693 374 décrit un système de commande électrique particulièrement adapté pour des machines d'impression rotatives équipées notamment d'un codeur angulaire générant un signal représentatif de la position angulaire de chacun des axes des moteurs couplés aux cylindres d'impression.The document EP 693 374 describes a control system electric particularly suitable for rotary printing machines notably equipped with an angle encoder generating a representative signal the angular position of each of the axes of the motors coupled to printing cylinders.

Le document EP 644 048 concerne l'annexion de cylindres porte-blanchet et cylindres porte-clichés d'une machine d'impression en un seul groupement de cylindres et à une commande de réglage du registre circonférentiel desdits cylindres.EP 644 048 relates to the annexation of cylinders blanket holder and printing cylinders of a printing machine in one single group of cylinders and one damper control circumferential of said cylinders.

Le document US 4 484 522 fait état d'un système automatisé d'ajustement du registre, par détection de marques repère, pour une machine d'impression en couleur ayant des unités optiques pilotables par ordinateur permettant le contrôle du registre latéral et longitudinal. Les cylindres d'impression sont automatiquement ajustés l'un par rapport à l'autre avant chaque début d'impression.Document US 4,484,522 discloses an automated system adjustment of the register, by detection of reference marks, for a color printing machine having optical units controllable by computer for controlling the lateral and longitudinal register. The printing cylinders are automatically adjusted one with respect to the other before each start of printing.

Le document US 3 742 850 concerne un mécanisme d'ajustement du registre latéral et longitudinal dans une machine d'impression rotative, lequel d'une part modifie la relation angulaire entre l'arbre d'entraínement et le rouleau imprimeur, et d'autre part permet de déplacer transversalement la position de ce dernier. Enfin, le document US 4 414 898 propose une manière de réaliser un cylindre d'impression qui soit ajustable latéralement dans ses paliers et décrit notamment sont système de fixation où l'axe du moteur est maintenue par un palier amovible, et le cylindre porte-clichés est fixé sur cet axe par serrage de ses deux moyeux d'extrémité entre un premier cône fixe et un second cône amovible susceptible d'être poussé en direction du premier par un moyen mécanique.Document US 3,742,850 relates to a mechanism for adjusting the lateral and longitudinal register in a machine which, on the one hand, changes the angular relationship between the drive shaft and the printing roller, and on the other hand allows transversely move the position of the latter. Finally, document US 4,414,898 proposes a way of achieving a printing cylinder which is laterally adjustable in its bearings and describes in particular are fixing system where the axis of the motor is held by a removable bearing, and the plate cylinder is fixed on this axis by clamping its two end hubs between a first fixed cone and a second removable cone capable of being pushed towards the first by mechanical means.

Le but de la présente invention est une machine d'impression basée sur des moteurs asynchrones vectoriels d'entraínement direct des cylindres porte-clichés, et si désiré également des cylindres d'appui, cette machine comprenant de plus des moyens de double correction manuels ou automatiques des registres longitudinaux et latéraux des clichés excluant tout mécanisme réducteur intercalé entre un moteur et son cylindre porte-clichés.The object of the present invention is a printing machine based on vector asynchronous direct drive motors plate cylinders, and if desired also support cylinders, this machine additionally comprising manual double correction means or automatic longitudinal and lateral registers of stereotypes excluding any reduction mechanism inserted between a motor and its cylinder plate holders.

Ces moyens de corrections doivent autant que possible être précis, c'est-à-dire réagir effectivement à partir d'erreurs trés fines, et ce de maniére dynamique, c'est-à-dire en un temps de réponse trés court. Pour ce, ces moyens doivent d'abord comprendre des organes dont les structures soient à la fois rigides pour ne pas induire d'erreurs par flexion, et simples pour en réduire d'autant les coûts de réalisation. Ces organes doivent aussi pouvoir être assemblés sans jeux, ou avec compensation simple, afin de pouvoir transmettre de manière exacte des puissances de corrections adéquates.These means of correction should as far as possible be precise, that is to say react effectively from very fine errors, and this of dynamic way, that is to say in a very short response time. For this, these means must first include organs whose structures are both rigid so as not to induce bending errors, and simple to reduce the production costs accordingly. These organs must also be able to be assembled without play, or with compensation simple, in order to be able to accurately transmit powers of adequate corrections.

Ces buts sont atteints grâce à une machine d'impression rotative conforme à ce qu'énonce la revendication.These goals are achieved with a printing machine rotary as claimed in the claim.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude d'un mode de réalisation pris à titre nullement limitatif et illustré dans les figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma de principe de la machine selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma de principe du dispositif de correction de l'erreur latérale et longitudinale d'une station d'impression de la machine,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un moteur électrique relié à son cylindre porte-clichés au sein d'une station d'impression de la machine, et
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective de l'attache d'un codeur angulaire au châssis de la machine.
The invention will be better understood from the study of an embodiment taken without any limitation being implied and illustrated in the appended figures in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the machine according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the device for correcting the lateral and longitudinal error of a printing station of the machine,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in longitudinal section of an electric motor connected to its printing cylinder within a printing station of the machine, and
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the attachment of an angle encoder to the machine frame.

Sur la figure 1 est illustré schématiquement un élément en bande 4, telle qu'une bande de papier ou de carton, passant successivement dans trois stations d'impression 1, 2 et 3 comprenant chacune un cylindre porte-clichés 16 en vis-à-vis d'un cylindre d'appui 14 travaillant à la manière d'un laminoir. Dans l'exemple illustré, ces stations déposent successivement une impression carrée, circulaire puis en croix prévues pour se superposer exactement.In Figure 1 is schematically illustrated an element in strip 4, such as a strip of paper or cardboard, passing successively in three printing stations 1, 2 and 3 comprising each a plate cylinder 16 facing a support cylinder 14 working like a rolling mill. In the example shown, these stations successively deposit a square, circular then cross print designed to overlap exactly.

Dans la machine illustrée, tous les axes 24 des cylindres d'appui 14 sont reliés mécaniquement à un même arbre d'entraínement 54 remontant la machine d'amont en aval le long de ses stations d'impression. L'accouplement de ces axes 24 de cylindres d'appui est réalisé au moyen de renvois d'angles 34 à roues dentées coniques. Cet arbre 54 est entraíné par un moteur électrique 110 piloté par un premier circuit électronique de contrôle et d'asservissement de la position angulaire 100. La position angulaire a0 de l'arbre 54, reflétant l'avance de la bande 4, est lue par un codeur 64 dont le signal électrique représentatif de cette position angulaire est appliqué dans la boucle de contre-réaction du circuit 100.In the illustrated machine, all the axes 24 of the support cylinders 14 are mechanically connected to the same drive shaft 54 moving the machine upstream and downstream along its printing stations. The coupling of these axes 24 of support cylinders is carried out by means of bevel gears 34 with bevel gears. This tree 54 is driven by an electric motor 110 controlled by a first electronic circuit of control and servo of the angular position 100. The position angular a0 of the shaft 54, reflecting the advance of the strip 4, is read by a encoder 64 whose electrical signal representative of this angular position is applied in the feedback loop of circuit 100.

Par ailleurs, le cylindre porte-clichés 16 de chacune des stations 1, 2 et 3 est directement monté sur un axe 65 de sortie d'un moteur électrique, c'est-à-dire que le rotor 26 de ce moteur est construit sur l'extrémité même de cet axe, alors que le stator 36 est solidaire du châssis de la machine. En l'occurrence, le diamètre de cet axe 65 est relativement large, de l'ordre de 50 à 80mm, pour transmettre des couples importants sans tension élastique, mais il est également creux en son milieu pour diminuer son moment d'inertie. Ces moteurs sont de préférence à courant alternatif asynchrone pilotés par un circuit électronique de contrôle et d'asservissement de la position angulaire respectivement 101, 102 et 103 pour chacune des stations.Furthermore, the plate cylinder 16 of each of the stations 1, 2 and 3 is directly mounted on an output shaft 65 of a motor electric, i.e. the rotor 26 of this motor is built on the very end of this axis, while the stator 36 is integral with the chassis of the machine. In this case, the diameter of this axis 65 is relatively wide, of the order of 50 to 80mm, to transmit significant torques without elastic tension, but it is also hollow in the middle to decrease its moment of inertia. These motors are preferably current asynchronous AC controlled by an electronic control circuit and angular position control 101, 102 and 103 respectively for each station.

Dans cette machine, tous les circuits de contrôle et d'asservissement 100-103 sont reliés par un réseau en boucle à une unité centrale de calcul 10. Cette unité comprend un clavier pour entrée de données et d'instructions, un microprocesseur, une pluralité de mémoires contenant des programmes et données de gestion en fonction des caractéristiques de la machine, ainsi qu'un écran de visualisation des paramètres entrés et/ou des données appliquées en sortie sur la boucle. De préférence, cette boucle de transmission est constituée d'un câble de fibres optiques coaxial, un premier brin reliant la sortie de l'unité centrale 10 au circuit de contrôle 100 du moteur d'entraínement de l'ensemble des cylindres d'appui, un second brin reliant le circuit 100 au circuit 101 de contrôle du moteur de la premiére station, un troisiéme brin reliant le circuit 101 au circuit 102 de contrôle du moteur de la seconde station, un quatrième brin reliant le circuit 102 au circuit de contrôle 103 du moteur de la troisième station et, finalement, un cinquième brin assurant le bouclage de retour vers l'unité centrale de calcul 10.In this machine, all the control circuits and 100-103 servo are connected by a loop network to a unit central computer 10. This unit includes a keyboard for input of data and instructions, a microprocessor, a plurality of memories containing management programs and data according to machine characteristics, as well as a display screen for parameters entered and / or data applied as output on the loop. Of preferably, this transmission loop consists of a fiber cable coaxial optics, a first strand connecting the output of the central unit 10 to the control circuit 100 of the drive motor of all of the support cylinders, a second strand connecting circuit 100 to circuit 101 of motor control of the first station, a third strand connecting the circuit 101 to the 102 engine control circuit of the second station, a fourth strand connecting the circuit 102 to the control circuit 103 of the motor the third station and, finally, a fifth strand ensuring the closure back to the central computer unit 10.

Sur cette boucle de transmission transitent des informations de consignes de position de chacun des moteurs pour un instant donné t : respectivement p0(t) représentatif de la position angulaire voulue du moteur 110, donc de l'arbre 54 et par là de tous les cylindres d'appui 14 définissant valeurs pL1(t), pL2(t) et pL3(t) représentatives de la position angulaire voulue respectivement des moteurs de stations 1, 2 et 3, et donc des cylindres porte-clichés correspondants. Chaque valeur de consigne est établie par l'unité de calcul 10 de telle sorte à tenir compte de la longueur de la machine, notamment des intervalles entre les stations, du format de chaque cliché éventuellement disposé sur des cylindres de diamètres différents, et ce de telle sorte à assurer une synchronisation rigoureuse des stations entre elles faisant que les impressions se superposent correctement pour donner une image finale de qualité. Ces consignes de qualité. Ces consignes de position sont "fuyantes", c'est-à-dire qu'elles évoluent dans le temps en fonction de la vitesse de production voulue de la machine.On this transmission loop pass information from position setpoints for each of the motors for a given time t: respectively p0 (t) representative of the desired angular position of the motor 110, therefore of the shaft 54 and thereby of all the support cylinders 14 defining pL1 (t), pL2 (t) and pL3 (t) values representative of the angular position wanted station motors 1, 2 and 3 respectively, and therefore corresponding plate cylinders. Each setpoint is established by the calculation unit 10 so as to take account of the length of the machine, in particular the intervals between stations, the format of each photograph possibly arranged on cylinders of diameters in such a way as to ensure rigorous synchronization of stations between them making that the impressions overlap correctly to give a final quality image. These instructions quality. These position setpoints are "fleeting", that is to say that they change over time depending on the desired production speed of the machine.

On réalise ainsi, en lieu et place d'un arbre mécanique traditionnel parallèle à l'arbre 54, un arbre électrique virtuel de synchronisation dans lequel tous les moteurs de la machine sont individuellement esclaves de la centrale de calcul 10.We thus realize, instead of a mechanical shaft traditional parallel to the tree 54, a virtual electric tree of synchronization in which all the motors of the machine are individually slaves of the computer center 10.

De plus, dans chaque station, un codeur angulaire 56 délivre un signal a 1, a 2 et a 3 représentatif de la position angulaire instantanée du rotor 26 correspondant, donc du cylindre porte-clichés dès lors qu'il est admis que l'axe 65 est suffisamment rigide de par ses dimensions. Dans chaque station, le signal généré par ce codeur 56 est appliqué dans la boucle de contre-réaction du circuit électronique de contrôle et d'asservissement correspondant 101, 102 et 103.In addition, in each station, an angular encoder 56 delivers a signal a 1, a 2 and a 3 representative of the instantaneous angular position of the corresponding rotor 26, therefore of the plate cylinder as soon as it is admitted that the axis 65 is sufficiently rigid by its dimensions. In each station, the signal generated by this encoder 56 is applied in the feedback loop of the electronic control circuit and corresponding servo 101, 102 and 103.

Ces circuits de contrôle et d'asservissement identiques 101-103 alimentent directement les stators de leurs moteurs correspondants en énergie électrique alternative triphasée caractérisée respectivement par les valeurs de l'intensité statorique Is1-Is3, d'amplitude de tension crête-à-crête Us1-Us3, et de fréquence f1-f3.These identical control and servo circuits 101-103 directly supply the stators of their corresponding motors with three-phase alternative electrical energy characterized respectively by values of the stator intensity Is1-Is3, of peak-to-peak voltage amplitude Us1-Us3, and of frequency f1-f3.

Dans la partie inférieure de la figure 2 est illustré le schéma de principe du circuit de contrôle et d'asservissement 101. Ce circuit comprend d'abord un premier sous-ensemble d'asservissement du couple G comprenant un circuit Ki générant l'énergie électrique statorique Is1, Us1 et f1, ainsi qu'une boucle de contre réaction de lecture soit de l'intensité par phases soit du flux pour établissement d'une éventuelle erreur de correction.In the lower part of Figure 2 is illustrated the diagram of principle of the control and servo circuit 101. This circuit includes first a first subset of servo of the couple G comprising a circuit Ki generating the stator electrical energy Is1, Us1 and f1, as well as a feedback feedback loop, either of the intensity by phases either of the flow for establishment of a possible error of correction.

De tels circuits de contrôle du couple Ki pour moteurs asynchrones sont connus. Par exemple, le document US-3 824 437 décrit un circuit dans lequel on mesure le champ magnétique dans son entrefer et le courant statorique on transforme le courant statorique mesuré en deux composantes de courant statorique en quadratures orientées par rapport au champ magnétique mesuré on régule l'une des composantes de courant statorique en quadrature proportionnelle à l'amplitude de consigne du flux effectif total du rotor à un niveau constant fixé par une grandeur de référence à l'entrée constante correspondant à l'amplitude de consigne du flux effectif total de rotor et on fait varier l'autre composante de courant statorique en quadrature avec une deuxième grandeur de référence ou de commande appliquée à l'entrée et proportionnelle au couple de consigne du moteur asynchrone. Un autre procédé de commande d'un moteur asynchrone décrit dans le document SU-193 604 consiste à réguler phase par phase les courants instantanés de phase du stator d'un moteur asynchrone en comparant les consignes et les mesures de courants instantanés de phase du stator, à faire varier le courant statorique avec la somme en quadrature de deux composantes de courant statorique, dont l'une est constante et correspond au flux magnétique constant à atteindre, l'autre étant variable en fonction d'une grandeur de commande correspondant au couple de consigne du moteur asynchrone. Simultanément, on fait varier la fréquence du courant statorique avec la somme de deux fréquences, dont l'une est celle de rotation du rotor, l'autre étant soumise à la variation du couple de consigne.Such Ki torque control circuits for motors asynchronous are known. For example, US-3,824,437 describes a circuit in which the magnetic field in its air gap is measured and the stator current we transform the measured stator current into two stator current components in quadratures oriented with respect to measured magnetic field one of the current components is regulated stator in quadrature proportional to the flow amplitude setpoint total rotor head at a constant level fixed by a quantity of reference to the constant input corresponding to the setpoint amplitude of the total effective rotor flow and the other current component is varied stator in quadrature with a second reference quantity or command applied to the input and proportional to the setpoint torque of the asynchronous motor. Another method of controlling an engine asynchronous described in the document SU-193 604 consists in regulating phase by phase the instantaneous phase currents of the stator of a motor asynchronous by comparing setpoints and current measurements stator phase snapshots, to vary the stator current with the sum in quadrature of two components of stator current, of which one is constant and corresponds to the constant magnetic flux to be reached, the other being variable according to a control quantity corresponding to the setpoint torque of the asynchronous motor. Simultaneously, the frequency of the stator current is varied with the sum of two frequencies, one of which is that of rotation of the rotor, the other being subject to variation of the setpoint torque.

Le circuit de contrôle et d'asservissement 101 comprend de plus une boucle d'asservissement de la vitesse basée sur le signal PL1( a ) issu du codeur angulaire 56, ce signal étant dérivé dans le temps dans la boucle de contre réaction pour obtenir une information de vitesse effective qui est comparée à la valeur de consigne pour établissement de l'erreur éventuelle, puis asservissement en vitesse dans le circuit kV mis en série avec le circuit contrôle du couple Ki.The control and servo circuit 101 further comprises a speed control loop based on the signal PL1 (a) from of the angular encoder 56, this signal being derived over time in the loop feedback to get effective speed information which is compared to the setpoint for establishing the possible error, then speed control in the kV circuit put in series with the circuit torque control Ki.

En fait, dans la machine selon l'invention, on souhaite surtout assurer une consigne de position. Pour ce, l'information pL1( a ) issue du codeur 56 est également comparée au signal de consigne pL1( t ) reçu de la boucle de transmission à fibres optiques pour établissement d'une éventuelle erreur de position, puis asservissement en position dans le cicuit Kp mis en série avec le circuit d'asservissement en vitesse Kv. Ainsi, la position angulaire de l'axe 65 de sortie du moteur reflète quasiment la valeur de consigne appliquée en entrée. In fact, in the machine according to the invention, one wishes above all provide a position setpoint. For this, the information pL1 (a) from the encoder 56 is also compared to the setpoint signal pL1 (t) received from the fiber optic transmission loop for establishing a possible position error, then control in position in the circuit Kp connected in series with the speed control circuit Kv. So the angular position of the motor output axis 65 almost reflects the setpoint applied at input.

Plus particulièrement selon l'invention, et comme mieux visible sur la figure 3, l'axe 65 est monté libre en rotation dans des paliers à rouleaux ou aiguilles 40, 40' et 40'' autorisant également un déplacement axial lorsque désiré, ce déplacement axial emmenant d'une part le rotor 26 et d'autre part le cylindre porte-clichés 16. Plus précisément, ces paliers sont en contact avec l'axe 65 au travers de bagues de friction 42. Le premier palier 40 est installé dans une embase 32 située à l'arrière du stator 36 du moteur et fixée au châssis 37 de la machine par le carter 33 du moteur électrique. Le second palier 40' est situé entre le moteur électrique et le cylindre porte-clichés 16, plus précisément installé dans une couronne 38 solidaire du châssis 37. Le troisième palier 40'' est, quant à lui, installé à l'autre extrémité de l'axe 65 et du cylindre 16 au sein d'un bloc 80 du châssis susceptible d'être déplacé en arrière pour dégagement.More particularly according to the invention, and as better visible in FIG. 3, the axis 65 is mounted to rotate freely in bearings at rollers or needles 40, 40 'and 40' 'also allowing movement axial when desired, this axial movement taking on the one hand the rotor 26 and on the other hand the plate cylinder 16. More precisely, these bearings are in contact with the axis 65 through friction rings 42. The first bearing 40 is installed in a base 32 located at the rear of the stator 36 of the engine and fixed to the chassis 37 of the machine by the casing 33 of the electric motor. The second bearing 40 'is located between the electric motor and the plate cylinder 16, more precisely installed in a crown 38 integral with the chassis 37. The third bearing 40 '' is, for its part, installed at the other end of the axis 65 and of the cylinder 16 within a block 80 of the chassis likely to be moved back for clearance.

Comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 3, la position axiale de l'ensemble rotor/axe/cylindre 26/65/16 est imposée par une fourche 55 en prise avec une collerette 45 saillante de l'axe, cette fourche pouvant être déplacée parallèlement à l'axe par un mécanisme 35 animé par un moteur 25 synchrone pas-à-pas, lui-même piloté par un circuit électronique de contrôle 15.As illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, the axial position of the rotor / axis / cylinder 26/65/16 assembly is imposed by a fork 55 in taken with a flange 45 projecting from the axis, this fork can be moved parallel to the axis by a mechanism 35 driven by a motor 25 synchronous step by step, itself controlled by an electronic circuit control 15.

Plus précisément, la collerette 45 est composée de deux paliers sertis sur l'axe 65 et poussée contre un épaulement 44 de cet axe par un écrou 43 en prise avec un filetage externe de l'axe, cette poussée se faisant au travers d'une bague d'écartement 41 laissant un accès libre à la fourche 55.More specifically, the flange 45 is composed of two bearings crimped on axis 65 and pushed against a shoulder 44 of this axis by a nut 43 engaged with an external thread of the axis, this thrust being made through a spacer 41 leaving free access to the fork 55.

Pour des considérations de rigidité, la fourche 55 est elle-même montée au travers d'un roulement-à-billes 53 le long d'un axe de support 58 monté dans le châssis 37 parallèlement à l'axe 65. Cette fourche est amenée en translation axiale par un chariot 52 en deux parties et en prise avec une double vis sans fin 30. L'ajustement du serrage de ces deux parties de chariot 52 permet d'annihiler tout jeu résiduel. L'extrémité de la vis sans fin 30 porte une poulie 29 entraínée par une courroie crantée 28 en prise avec le pignon de sortie 27 d'un moteur pas-à-pas 25 monté rigidement sur une flasque supérieure 39 du châssis 37.For stiffness considerations, the fork 55 is itself mounted through a ball bearing 53 along a support pin 58 mounted in the chassis 37 parallel to the axis 65. This fork is brought in axial translation by a carriage 52 in two parts and in engagement with a double worm screw 30. Adjustment of the tightening of these two carriage parts 52 makes it possible to annihilate any residual play. The end of the worm 30 carries a pulley 29 driven by a toothed belt 28 in taken with the output pinion 27 of a stepping motor 25 mounted rigidly on an upper flange 39 of the chassis 37.

Comme on peut le constater, cet assemblage peut être réalisé de manière très rigide. La précision du déplacement de la fourche 55, donc de l'axe 65, est obtenue d'une part par le pas de la vis micrométrique 30 et d'autre part par le rapport de diamètre de la poulie 29 et du pignon 27.As we can see, this assembly can be done very rigidly. The precision of the displacement of the fork 55, therefore of the axis 65, is obtained on the one hand by the pitch of the micrometric screw 30 and on the other hand by the diameter ratio of the pulley 29 and the pinion 27.

Par ailleurs, le codeur angulaire 56 est monté à l'arrière du moteur à l'extrémité de l'axe 65. Plus particulièrement, l'attache 46 du boítier du codeur à l'embase fixe 32 est telle qu'elle autorise un déplacement axial de ce boítier pour toujours rester en correspondance exacte avec son mécanisme interne rotatif 57 qui, lui, est solidaire de l'axe 65, mais est telle qu'elle maintienne rigidement ce boítier dans une position angulaire fixe et précise par rapport à cette embase 32.Furthermore, the angular encoder 56 is mounted at the rear of the motor at the end of the axis 65. More particularly, the attachment 46 of the encoder housing to the fixed base 32 is such that it allows a axial displacement of this case to always remain in correspondence exact with its internal rotary mechanism 57 which is integral with the axis 65, but is such that it rigidly maintains this housing in a position fixed and precise angular with respect to this base 32.

Pour ce faire, et comme mieux visible sur les figures 3 et 4, cette attache 46 est composée d'une pluralité de lamelles en forme de couronnes concentriques 47 attachées entre elles par des paires diamétrales de fixations 48, une paire entre deux lamelles étant décalée à angle droit par rapport à la paire suivante. Ces lamelles étant minces, elles sont souples dans le sens axial. Par contre, la forme en couronne de ces lamelles interdit toute rotation par rapport à l'axe central. Ce codeur 56 est protégé par un couvercle 31 fixé à l'embase 32.To do this, and as best seen in Figures 3 and 4, this fastener 46 is composed of a plurality of slats in the form of concentric crowns 47 attached to each other in pairs diametral of fasteners 48, a pair between two strips being offset at right angle to the next pair. These slats being thin, they are flexible in the axial direction. However, the crown shape of these slats prevents any rotation relative to the central axis. This encoder 56 is protected by a cover 31 fixed to the base 32.

La machine d'impression selon l'invention comprend de plus un dispositif de repérage de marques imprimées en bordure de bande par chacune des stations, ce repérage permettant d'établir d'éventuelles erreurs de registre longitudinales et latérales de l'une ou l'autre des impressions. Comme illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, les marques 5 passent sous une tête de lecture optique 21 focalisant un faisceau de lumière envoyée par une première partie d'un faisceau de fibres optiques 23. La lumière réfléchie est lue par la tête de lecture 21 et conduite par la seconde partie de la fibre optique 23 vers des éléments photosensibles 20 dont les signaux électriques générés sont appliqués à une unité de contrôle de registre 22.The printing machine according to the invention further comprises a device for locating marks printed at the edge of the strip by each of the stations, this identification making it possible to establish any errors longitudinal and lateral register of one or other of the prints. As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the marks 5 pass under a head optical reading 21 focusing a beam of light sent by a first part of a bundle of optical fibers 23. The reflected light is read by the read head 21 and driven by the second part of the fiber optics 23 to photosensitive elements 20 whose signals generated electrics are applied to a register control unit 22.

Cette unité de contrôle 22 comprend un circuit de traitement 220 de conditionnement et sélection des signaux qu'elle oriente soit vers un circuit de calcul de l'erreur longitudinale 222, soit vers un circuit de calcul de l'erreur latérale 224. Le circuit 222 comprend trois lignes de sortie permettant d'appliquer un signal représentatif de l'erreur longitudinale dL1 au circuit de contrôle et d'asservissement 101 de la première station et, de manière analogue, d'appliquer les signaux représentatifs d'une erreur de registre dL2 et dL3 aux circuits de contrôle et d'asservissement 102 et 103 des stations correspondantes. Parallèlement, le circuit de calcul de l'erreur latérale 224 comprend entre autres trois sorties permettant d'appliquer un signal représentatif de l'erreur de registre latérale dl1 au circuit de préamplification et de contrôle 15 du moteur 25 de la première station et, parallèlement, des signaux dl2 et dl3 représentatifs d'erreurs latérales aux circuits de pilotage des moteurs de correction latérale 25 des stations 2 et 3 respectivement.This control unit 22 includes a processing circuit 220 of conditioning and selection of the signals which it directs either towards a circuit for calculating the longitudinal error 222, i.e. towards a circuit for calculating lateral error 224. Circuit 222 includes three output lines allowing to apply a signal representative of the longitudinal error dL1 to the control and servo circuit 101 of the first station and, from analogously, to apply the signals representative of an error of register dL2 and dL3 to the control and servo circuits 102 and 103 corresponding stations. At the same time, the error calculation circuit side 224 includes, among other things, three outlets for applying a signal representative of the side register error dl1 at the preamplification and control 15 of the engine 25 of the first station and, in parallel, signals dl2 and dl3 representative of lateral errors at control circuits of the lateral correction motors 25 of stations 2 and 3 respectively.

Ainsi, si une erreur de registre latéral de l'une des stations est détectée par l'unité de contrôle 22, le signal de correction dl(i) correspondant déclenche la rotation, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, du moteur 25 concerné ce qui avance ou recule la fourche 55 donc l'axe 65 avec son cylindre porte-clichés, et par là corrige la position latérale du cliché fautif.So if a side register error from one of the stations is detected by the control unit 22, the correction signal dl (i) correspondent triggers the rotation, in one direction or the other, of the motor 25 concerned which moves the fork 55 forwards or backwards so the axis 65 with its plate cylinder, and thereby corrects the lateral position of the plate at fault.

La plage de correction d'erreur latérale est usuellement de +/-5mm. En retenant un moteur asynchrone plutôt longiligne, par exemple de parties actives de longueur de l'ordre de 500mm, on constate que le décalage du rotor par rapport au stator dû à une correction latérale reste inférieur é 1% de leur longueur totale, ce qui n'entraíne que des perturbations trés faibles des flux d'ailleurs rapidement rattrapées par le circuit électronique de contrôle et d'asservissement 10(i). De plus, ce déplacement dû à une correction de registre latérale n'a eu aucune influence sur l'exactitude de la lecture du codeur angulaire 56 grâce son attache 46 spéciale, permettant ainsi la poursuite d'un fonctionnement correct du circuit de contrôle et d'asservissement du moteur asynchrone vectoriel. The lateral error correction range is usually +/- 5mm. By retaining a rather slender asynchronous motor, for example active parts with a length of the order of 500 mm, it can be seen that the rotor offset from stator due to lateral correction remains less than 1% of their total length, which only results in very slight disruptions to flows which are quickly caught up by the electronic control and servo circuit 10 (i). In addition, this displacement due to lateral register correction had no influence on the reading accuracy of the angle encoder 56 thanks to its 46 special attachment, allowing continued operation correct asynchronous motor control and servo circuit vector.

Par contre, ce respect rigoureux du bon fonctionnement du pilotage de ce moteur asynchrone permet seulement alors de l'utiliser également pour effectuer les corrections d'erreurs longitudinales. En référence é la figure 2, le signal d'erreur longitudinale dL1 est directement ajouté dans l'addition du signal de consigne pL1(t) et du signal de rétroaction pL1 ( a ) à l'entrée du circuit de contrôle et d'asservissement 101. Cette erreur de repérage dL1 est alors simplement et spontanément traitée comme si elle n'était en fait qu'une erreur décelée par la contre-réaction. Le moteur asynchrone accélère (ou ralentit) légèrement pendant un tour pour se recaler par rapport a l'avance de la bande 4 tel qu'imposée par la rotation des contre-cylindres 14. Une nouvelle marque de repérage est alors lue par la tête de lecture 21. Si le circuit 22 constate une erreur résiduelle, elle réapplique une correction d'ajustement plus faible dL1' pour le tour suivant.On the other hand, this rigorous respect for the proper functioning of the driving this asynchronous motor only allows it to be used also for performing longitudinal error corrections. In with reference to FIG. 2, the longitudinal error signal dL1 is directly added in the addition of the setpoint signal pL1 (t) and the pL1 (a) feedback at the input of the control and servo circuit 101. This locating error dL1 is then simply and spontaneously treated as if it were in fact only an error detected by the feedback. The asynchronous motor accelerates (or slows down) slightly during one revolution to re-align with respect to the advance of the strip 4 as imposed by the rotation of the counter cylinders 14. A new registration mark is then read by the read head 21. If the circuit 22 finds a residual error, it reapplies a lower adjustment correction dL1 'for the lap next.

Pour faciliter et accélérer ce contrôle du registre, il est préférable de surdimensionner la puissance du moteur asynchrone jusqu'à une valeur comprise entre 4 et 5 kW. De plus, l'installation du moteur en prise directe et très proche de son cylindre porte-clichés permet de réduire d'autant des flexions de torsions parasites intermédiaires faisant que pratiquement la totalité de la correction se transmet instantanément.To facilitate and speed up this registry check, it is better to oversize the power of the asynchronous motor until a value between 4 and 5 kW. In addition, installing the engine in direct plug and very close to its plate cylinder reduces as many intermediate parasitic torsional flexions causing practically the entire correction is transmitted instantly.

Pour certains formats d'impression, il s'avère utile de changer le cylindre porte-clichés pour un autre de diamètre différent. Plutôt que recourir à un axe 65 en plusieurs tronçons et raccordés par des flasques boulonnées tel qu'utilisé actuellement, il s'est avéré préférable de maintenir l'intégrité de cet axe au travers de toute la largeur de la machine pour y installer seulement une enveloppe cylindrique fixée de manière amovible. A ce titre et en référence à la figure 3, le cylindre 16 comprend en fait une enveloppe cylindrique rigide et légère, par exemple réalisée en aluminium, aux extrémités de laquelle sont fixée, par soudure ou autres moyens, deux moyeux 74 présentant une cavité centrale concave conique orientée vers l'extérieur. For certain print formats, it is useful to change the plate cylinder for another with a different diameter. Rather than use an axis 65 in several sections and connected by flanges bolted as currently used, it has proven better to maintain the integrity of this axis across the entire width of the machine to install only a detachable cylindrical casing. AT As such, and with reference to FIG. 3, the cylinder 16 in fact comprises a rigid and light cylindrical shell, for example made of aluminum, at the ends of which are fixed, by welding or other means, two hubs 74 having a concave conical central cavity oriented towards outside.

L'axe 65 est alors complété par un premier cône 70 ayant une position fixe. Par exemple, ce premier cône 70 est en appui sur la bague 42 émergeant hors du second palier à rouleaux 40'. L'extrémité de l'axe opposé au moteur comprend alors une premiére partie de diamètre restreint pris dans le palier 40", la partie suivante présentant alors un filetage externe sur lequel peut être engagé un écrou 43 permettant de pousser en avant un second cône mobile 72.The axis 65 is then completed by a first cone 70 having a fixed position. For example, this first cone 70 is supported on the ring 42 emerging from the second 40 'roller bearing. The end of the axis opposite to the motor then comprises a first part of restricted diameter taken in the 40 "bearing, the next part then having an external thread on which can be engaged a nut 43 allowing to push forward a second movable cone 72.

Un changement de cylindre porte-clichés s'effectue alors simplement en dégageant le palier 40'' de l'axe par retrait du bloc mobile 80 et basculement. On peut alors dévisser l'écrou 43, ce qui libère le second cône mobile 72 donc le cylindre 16 qui peut être sorti. On remarque alors que la présence de l'axe 65 resté à demeure permet de guider le nouveau cylindre sur lequel il est enfilé. Le cône mobile 72 est réinstallé puis poussé en avant par rotation de l'écrou 44. Les moyeux 74 se trouvent ainsi serrés entre les deux cônes 70 et 72, ce qui réalise une fixation rigide et sans jeu. Le palier 40'' est enfin remis en place par avance du bloc 80. Notamment, ces cylindres étant plus légers qu'auparavant, ils sont d'une manipulation plus rapide et plus précise. On peut même envisager d'automatiser un tel changement au moyen d'un robot.A change of plate cylinder takes place simply by releasing the bearing 40 '' from the axis by removing the movable block 80 and tilting. We can then unscrew the nut 43, which frees the second movable cone 72 therefore the cylinder 16 which can be removed. We notice then that the presence of axis 65 remained permanently allows to guide the new cylinder on which it is threaded. Movable cone 72 is reinstalled and then pushed forward by rotation of the nut 44. The hubs 74 are thus tightened between the two cones 70 and 72, which achieves a rigid fixing and without play. The 40 '' bearing is finally replaced in advance of the block 80. In particular, these cylinders being lighter than before, they are of a manipulation faster and more precise. We can even consider automating such a change by means of a robot.

De plus, ces cylindres porte-clichés simplifiés étant moins onéreux à réaliser, on peut désirer vouloir détenir une gamme de cylindres de base, par exemple venant en quatre diamètres standards : 117,9mm 149,7mm, 181,5mm et 213,4mm. Ceci est d'ailleurs facilité par l'arbre électrique virtuel géré par l'unité centrale 10 de la machine. En effet, il suffit alors d'effectuer un nouveau calcul des consignes des positions fuyantes du moteur concerné, à l'inverse du changement d'engrenages autrefois nécessaire pour assurer la concordance entre le cylindre porte-clichés et le cylindre d'appui.In addition, these simplified plate cylinders being less expensive to realize, we may wish to want to hold a range of cylinders basic, for example coming in four standard diameters: 117.9mm 149.7mm, 181.5mm and 213.4mm. This is also facilitated by the tree electric power managed by the central unit 10 of the machine. Indeed, it is enough then perform a new calculation of the setpoints for the leaking positions of the engine concerned, unlike the change of gears in the past necessary to ensure consistency between the plate cylinder and the support cylinder.

Sur le cylindre porte-clichés est usuellement enfilé un manchon en matériau expansé présentant une certaine élasticité radiale interne et sur l'enveloppe périphérique dure de laquelle sont effectivement fixés les clichés par collage. Pour faciliter cette installation de manchon, on peut mettre à profit la partie creuse centrale de l'axe 65 pour réaliser une circulation d'air comprimé entre l'extérieur du cylindre et l'intérieur du manchon. Plus précisément, un tube flexible 67, protégé par le capot 31, relie une prise de raccord externe 68 d'air comprimé avec le canal interne 66 de l'axe. En extrémité d'axe, ce canal 66 débouche sur une ou plusieurs ouvertures radiales 76 diffusant l'air comprimé à l'intérieur du cylindre porte-clichés 18. Le moyeu d'extrémité peut alors comprendre un ou plusieurs canaux internes 75 permettant de diffuser l'air comprimé sous le manchon 19. Sous l'effet de ce coussin d'air, ce manchon se dilate radialement, augmentant ainsi son diamètre interne, ce qui annihile toute force de friction. On peut ainsi utiliser une gamme de manchons ayant des épaisseurs comprises entre 2,5mm et 66,2mm utilisés seuls ou en superposition.A sleeve is usually fitted on the plate cylinder made of expanded material having a certain internal radial elasticity and on the hard peripheral envelope from which the collage photos. To facilitate this sleeve installation, you can take advantage of the central hollow part of axis 65 to achieve a compressed air circulation between the outside of the cylinder and the inside of the muff. More specifically, a flexible tube 67, protected by the cover 31, connects an external connection socket 68 of compressed air with the internal channel 66 of the axis. At the end of the axis, this channel 66 leads to one or more radial openings 76 diffusing the compressed air inside the cylinder plate holder 18. The end hub may then include one or more several internal channels 75 for diffusing the compressed air under the sleeve 19. Under the effect of this air cushion, this sleeve expands radially, thereby increasing its internal diameter, which annihilates any friction force. It is thus possible to use a range of sleeves having thicknesses between 2.5mm and 66.2mm used alone or in overlay.

La référence 17 désigne un cylindre porte-clichés de diamètre particulièrement important et sur lequel sont directement collés des clichés, cette configuration étant utile dans des pays où la fourniture de manchons flexibles est déficiente.The reference 17 designates a plate cylinder of diameter particularly important and on which are directly stuck pictures, this configuration being useful in countries where the supply of sleeves flexible is deficient.

De nombreuses améliorations peuvent être apportées à la machine d'impression dans le cadre de la revendication.Many improvements can be made to the printing machine within the scope of the claim.

Claims (1)

  1. Rotary printing machine, the plate cylinder (16) of each printing station (1, 2, 3) of which, on the one hand, is directly driven by a vectorial asynchronous electric motor (26/36) controlled by an electronic circuit (101) for monitoring and controlling the angular position (a1) with respect to a reference value (pL1, 2, 3(t)) developing in time and received from an electronic computing station (10) for synchronising the stations relatively to one another, and on the other hand, is movable in translation with their associated rotor (26), each plate cylinder shaft (65) being fixed in the extension of or being common to the shaft of the rotor of its motor, said printing machine comprises a system (20 - 23) reading register marks (5) printed by each station, and establishing any error in lateral register (dl1, 2, 3) and longitudinal register (dL1, 2, 3) for each station (1, 2, 3), each lateral error (dl1, 2, 3) being applied to the electronic control circuit (15) of an electric motor (25) of the corresponding station which, by way of a mechanism (35), controls the axial position of the assembly comprising the rotor/shaft/cylinder (26/65/16), and each longitudinal register error (dL1, 2, 3) being directly added to the position reference of the cylinder (pL1, 2, 3(t)) of the corresponding station, said printing machine comprises an angular encoder (56) which is mounted, in correspondence with a rotating mechanism (57) secured to the shaft (65), at one end of each of these shafts (65) to generate a signal representing the angular position (a1, 2, 3) of the shaft, such signal being applied to the feedback loop of the monitoring and control circuit (101) of the corresponding asynchronous motor, said angular encoder (56) being connected to the fixed machine frame by an angularly rigid fastening (46) which, however, enables the angular encoder to follow the axial movements of the shaft (65) while always remaining in exact correspondence with its rotating internal mechanism (57), said fastening (46) of the angular encoder (56) comprises a plurality of thin lamellae (47) in the form of coaxial parallel collars interconnected by diametric pairs of fixing means (48) disposed in quadrature from one lamella to the next.
EP97101657A 1996-02-09 1997-02-04 Rotary printing press Expired - Lifetime EP0788879B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH334/96 1996-02-09
CH33496 1996-02-09
CH00334/96A CH691225A8 (en) 1996-02-09 1996-02-09 ROTARY PRINTING MACHINE.

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EP0788879A1 EP0788879A1 (en) 1997-08-13
EP0788879B1 true EP0788879B1 (en) 2000-03-22

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1159982A (en) 1997-09-24
AU1254897A (en) 1997-08-14
US5771805A (en) 1998-06-30
CA2197036A1 (en) 1997-08-10
CH691225A8 (en) 2001-08-15
CA2197036C (en) 2001-02-27
BR9700918A (en) 1998-09-01
TW425351B (en) 2001-03-11
JPH09216348A (en) 1997-08-19
KR100220262B1 (en) 1999-09-15
KR970061518A (en) 1997-09-12
DE69701481T2 (en) 2000-08-10
JP2866071B2 (en) 1999-03-08
CN1079049C (en) 2002-02-13
EP0788879A1 (en) 1997-08-13
DE69701481D1 (en) 2000-04-27
CH691225A5 (en) 2001-05-31
AU712423B2 (en) 1999-11-04

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