EP0739154B1 - Schaltung zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen - Google Patents

Schaltung zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0739154B1
EP0739154B1 EP96200985A EP96200985A EP0739154B1 EP 0739154 B1 EP0739154 B1 EP 0739154B1 EP 96200985 A EP96200985 A EP 96200985A EP 96200985 A EP96200985 A EP 96200985A EP 0739154 B1 EP0739154 B1 EP 0739154B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
ballast
gas discharge
discharge lamp
frequency converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96200985A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0739154A1 (de
Inventor
Paul Jos Luc Van Tichelen
Dominique Weyen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologish Onderzoek NV VITO
Original Assignee
Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologish Onderzoek NV VITO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologish Onderzoek NV VITO filed Critical Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologish Onderzoek NV VITO
Publication of EP0739154A1 publication Critical patent/EP0739154A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0739154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0739154B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/382—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit for supplying at least one gas discharge lamp from a power source, comprising a frequency converter connectable to the power source for supplying the gas discharge lamp with a basic frequency which is higher than the supply frequency, an inductive ballast connected in series to the gas discharge lamp, and a starter circuit.
  • Such starter circuits moreover require separate control circuits, whereby the number of components and the complexity is increased still further.
  • DE-A-43 13 195 discloses a circuit for supplying at least one gas discharge lamp from a power source, comprising a frequency converter connectable to the power source for supplying the gas discharge lamp with a basis frequency which is higher than the supply frequency, two inductive ballasts connected in series to the gas discharge lamps, and a capacitor connected between the junction of the two ballasts and the terminal of the gas discharge lamp which is not connected to the inductive ballast and at least one of the ballasts forming a part of the starter circuit.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide such a circuit, which is fit for generating higher voltages, so that starting of the gas discharge lamp is made easier.
  • both ballasts are formed by a single ballast with two parts between which the junction is located, and that both parts of the single ballast are inductive coupled.
  • This feature makes it possible that voltages generated by the starter circuit in the one part of the ballast are increased in the other part of the inductive ballast due to the inductive ballast provided with an intermediate tap acting as autotransformer.
  • the relatively high ignition voltage is hereby obtained, so that the starter circuit does not per se have to generate a particularly high voltage.
  • a resonant circuit is hereby obtained which is formed by the first part of the inductive ballast and the capacitor, which resonant circuit serves as starter circuit. It is noted here that the resonance frequency of this resonant circuit is high, i.e. at least several orders of magnitude higher than the generally usual mains frequencies, so that without further steps such a circuit would not operate when fed by the distribution network because the individual frequency of the circuit lies outside the provided spectrum. On the other hand, as a consequence of the fact that in the present invention a frequency converter is used which generates a voltage signal with a broad frequency spectrum, it is possible that the individual frequency of the resonant circuit is present in the provided spectrum and the resonant circuit is thus excited.
  • a resistor is connected in parallel to the capacitor. This resistor serves to discharge the capacitor.
  • the capacitor is connected by means of a controllable switch element to the terminal of the gas discharge lamp which is not connected to the ballast.
  • a frequency converter 1 which is connected to an alternating current supply mains 2 which is formed by four conductors, i.e. the three phases and a neutral conductor.
  • the terminal 3 arranged for this purpose leads to a rectifier 4 which forms part of the frequency converter.
  • switch elements are formed by transistors, although it is likewise possible to make use for this purpose of other switch elements, for instance IGBTs, FETs, GTO-transistors or thyristors which must of course be provided with a quenching circuit suitable for this purpose.
  • switch elements for instance IGBTs, FETs, GTO-transistors or thyristors which must of course be provided with a quenching circuit suitable for this purpose.
  • Each of the switch elements is provided with a freewheel diode, the use of which will be apparent to the skilled person.
  • a drive circuit 11 In order to control the transistors use is made of a drive circuit 11 respectively 12.
  • the relevant circuits are connected to the control electrode of the switch elements and thus in the present case to the base of the transistor.
  • Each of the drive circuits 11,12 is connected to a control circuit 13.
  • the latter generates pulses to the relevant drive circuits 11,12 for opening or closing the respective switch elements 7, 8.
  • the control circuit ensures that only one of the two switch elements is conductive, wherein the control is performed such that a pulse-like voltage results at the junction between the two switch elements, which junction is designated with 14.
  • the waveform of the switching pulses of the switch elements is represented in the top half of the diagram shown in figure 3. This shows that the switching pulses have a fixed frequency and that their width is controlled such that the resulting voltage forms an approximation of a sine-shaped signal.
  • a substantially sine-shaped current hereby results, as shown in the bottom half of figure 3, which is of course shifted in phase by the inductive load, wherein the frequency of the substantially sine-shaped signals is roughly one order of magnitude higher than that of the usual supply voltages. Owing to the sine shape of these signals a reduction in the iron losses in the inductance is achieved.
  • each of the lamps 15,16 are connected to the frequency converter 1.
  • Each of the lamps is provided with a compensation device 17,18 respectively which is formed by a ballast 19,20 respectively.
  • Each of the ballasts 19,20 respectively is provided with an iron core which is represented by means of a dash in the figure.
  • the ballasts 19,20 each have the configuration of an autotransformer. This means that they are provided with an intermediate tap, wherein both thus formed parts of the self-induction are in any case mutually coupled, so that the operation of an autotransformer is obtained.
  • the intermediate tap of each of the inductances is connected by-means of a capacitor 21,22 respectively to the neutral conductor and thus to the other side of the lamps. Connected in parallel to the two capacitors 21,22 is a resistance 23,24 with a high value to enable the capacitors 21,22 to be discharged when the circuit is switched off.
  • the operation of the compensation devices 17,18 is such that a pulse-like voltage with a broad frequency spectrum is provided by the frequency converter to the input terminals of the compensation devices. Due to the fact that the lamps 15,16 are extinguished, only the first part of the inductance 19 and 20 is energized, which part forms a resonant circuit together with capacitor 21 respectively 22. This resonant circuit is dimensioned such that the individual frequency of the resonant circuit lies at least within the spectrum of the signal provided by the frequency converter, so that resonance occurs. As a consequence of this resonance a high voltage will be generated in the other part of the inductance 19 respectively 20, and this is so high that the lamps 15,16 are ignited. The lamps will then burn normally, wherein the ballast exercises its actual stabilizing function.
  • the frequency converter as dimmer. It is possible herewith to adapt the light output and the energy consumption of the lighting installation to the momentary requirement, for instance as a function of the weather or the season. The latter is particularly important in the case of total energy.
  • a dimmer function can be obtained by changing the voltage on the intermediate circuit, by pulse width modulation or by changing the repetition frequency of the modulation function.
  • FIG 2 further shows an embodiment which is particularly suitable for emergency lighting.
  • This circuit corresponds with the circuit shown in figure 1, with the difference that there is only one lamp 15 and a single compensation device 17, while supply takes place by means of a battery or accumulator instead of the electricity mains.
  • the battery takes the place of the rectifier 4.
  • the battery is designated in figure 2 with reference numeral 25. It is of course also possible in this circuit to supply various lamps.
  • the capacitor 21 is moreover connected by means of a switch 27 to the other side of the lamp.
  • Another control circuit can of course also be used instead.
  • This switch 27 is switched on during igniting of the lamp. When the lamp is burning, which can for instance be detected by a separate detection circuit, or after a determined period of time, for instance one minute, has elapsed, the switch 27 can be switched off.
  • the ballast is constantly loaded with high voltage pulses.
  • ballast coils This can be realized with the system of this invention by placing two ballast coils in series.
  • a first coil which according to the foregoing is already present, then has a high induction value and a low saturation current and a second, additionally arranged coil has a low induction value and high saturation current.
  • the first coil will limit the current until the magnetic material of the core reaches saturation; the current will then increase sharply and is only limited by the lower induction value of the second coil which is dimensioned such that it will not reach saturation.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the circuit according to the invention, which is in particular fit for being supplied by a single DC-voltage source which is depicted in figure 3 through a full-bridge rectifier 35.
  • the circuit according to figure 3 comprises, in contrary to the circuit of figure 2 which is also fit for being supplied by a single supply 25, only one pair of switching elements 7,8.
  • the switching elements 28,29 and the related control electronics are deleted. This is only possible by the addition of a capacitor 36 in series with the lamp 15.
  • This capacitor allows a certain form of resonance, so that the two additional switching elements can be deleted.
  • Another advantage of the circuit resides in the fact that the resonance may lead to a better switching efficiency.
  • the circuit has, however, the disadvantage that the capacitor 36 is rather bulky. Only when the frequency is sufficiently high, for instance above 30 kHz, it is possible to use a capacitor with such a small value, that the volume thereof is acceptable.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Control Of Gas Discharge Display Tubes (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Schaltkreis zum Versorgen zumindest einer Gasentladungslampe (15, 16) mittels einer Leistungsquelle (3), aufweisend:
    einen mit der Leistungsquelle (3) gekoppelten Frequenzwandler (1) zum Versorgen der zumindest einen Gasentladungslampe mit einer Grundfrequenz, welche höher ist als die Versorgungsfrequenz der Leistungsquelle;
    zwei induktive Lasten (19, 20), welche in Serie oder an jede der zumindest einen Gasentladungslampe gekoppelt sind, und einen Kondensator (21, 22), welcher zwischen dem Anschluss der zwei Lasten und dem Endstück der zumindest einen Gasentladungslampe gekoppelt ist, welches nicht mit der induktiven Last gekoppelt ist; und
    zumindest eine der Lasten bildet einen Teil des Starter-Schaltkreises aus
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    beide Lasten (19, 20) mittels einer einzelnen Last mit zwei Teilen, zwischen welchen der Anschluss angeordnet ist, ausgebildet sind, wobei ein Zwischenabgriff als ein Spartransformator wirkt, und dass beide Teile der einzelnen Last induktiv gekoppelt sind.
  2. Schaltkreis gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Widerstand (23, 24) parallel zu dem Kondensator (21, 22) geschaltet ist.
  3. Schaltkreis gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kondensator (23) mittels eines steuerbaren Schaltelements (27) an das Endstück der Gasentladungslampe (15) gekoppelt ist, welches nicht mit der Last gekoppelt ist.
  4. Schaltkreis gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Frequenzwandler (1) mit einem Gleichspannungs-Zwischenschaltkreis mit Kondensatoren bereitgestellt wird, welcher mittels eines Gleichrichter-Schaltkreises gespeist wird, welcher an eine Leitungsnetz-Versorgung gekoppelt ist, welche einen Nullleiter aufweist und welcher mittels einer Halbbrücke von schaltenden Halbleitern an die Reihenschaltung der Last und der Lampe gekoppelt ist, welche Reihenschaltung anderweitig an den Nullleiter gekoppelt ist.
  5. Anspruch gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Frequenzwandler (1) mit einem Gleichspannungs-Zwischenschaltkreis mit Kondensatoren bereitgestellt wird, welcher mittels eines Gleichrichter-Schaltkreises gespeist wird, welcher an eine Leitungsnetz-Versorgung gekoppelt ist und welcher mittels zwei Halbbrücken von schaltenden Halbleitern an die Reihenschaltung der Last und der Lampe gekoppelt ist.
  6. Anspruch gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Kondensator (36) mit der Lampe (15) in Reihe geschaltet ist, dass der Frequenzwandler (1) mittels einer Gleichspannungsquelle versorgt wird, und dass der Frequenzwandler zwei schaltende Halbleiter in der Anordnung der Halbbrücke aufweist.
  7. Anspruch gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Frequenzwandler (1) dazu angepasst ist Spannungspulse zu erzeugen, deren Breite so moduliert ist, dass in dem Schaltkreis, welcher mittels der induktiven Last und der Gasentladungslampe ausgebildet wird, ein Strom mit einem sich wiederholenden Muster erzeugt wird.
  8. Schaltkreis gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das sich wiederholende Muster eine Annäherung an ein Sinus ist.
  9. Schaltkreis gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das sich wiederholende Muster eine Annäherung an ein Trapezes ist.
  10. Anspruch gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Frequenzwandler bestimmt ist, mehr als eine Gasentladungslampe zu versorgen, und dass eine Last und ein Zündschaltkreis für jede der Gasentladungslampen eingerichtet ist.
  11. Anspruch gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite induktive Last mit der induktiven Last in Reihe geschaltet ist, wobei die zweite induktive Last eine geringere Induktivität als die erste induktive Last hat, und dass die zweite induktive Last einen höheren Sättigungsstrom als die Spule der ersten induktiven Last hat.
EP96200985A 1995-04-20 1996-04-12 Schaltung zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen Expired - Lifetime EP0739154B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE9500365A BE1009331A3 (nl) 1995-04-20 1995-04-20 Voedingsschakeling voor gasontladingslampen.
BE9500365 1995-04-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0739154A1 EP0739154A1 (de) 1996-10-23
EP0739154B1 true EP0739154B1 (de) 2002-11-27

Family

ID=3888937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96200985A Expired - Lifetime EP0739154B1 (de) 1995-04-20 1996-04-12 Schaltung zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0739154B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE228752T1 (de)
BE (1) BE1009331A3 (de)
DE (1) DE69624970T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0739154T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2185741T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2319677B (en) * 1996-11-19 2001-04-18 Micro Tech Ltd Lamp driver circuit and method
TW381804U (en) * 1997-07-03 2000-02-01 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Circuit arrangement
JPH11260573A (ja) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-24 Toyo Denso Co Ltd 車両用ｈｉｄ前照灯装置
DE10210805B4 (de) 2002-03-12 2004-05-27 B & S Elektronische Geräte GmbH Vorschaltgerät für eine Entladungslampe
CN101297607A (zh) 2005-10-26 2008-10-29 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于使用单个变换器驱动气体放电灯的方法和电路
GB0713241D0 (en) * 2007-07-09 2007-08-15 Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh An electronic control gear and method of its use

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4924150A (en) * 1987-01-28 1990-05-08 Nilssen Ole K Power-line control system
DE68922049T2 (de) * 1988-09-06 1995-09-21 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Pulsbreiten-modulierte Leistungsversorgung mit Unterdrückungsfähigkeit von Modulierungsfrequenzsignalkomponenten von Erdpotentialen.
DE4015400A1 (de) * 1990-05-14 1991-11-21 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Schaltungsanordnung zum zuenden einer hochdruckgasentladungslampe in fahrzeugen
DE4127970C1 (de) * 1991-08-23 1992-10-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
JP3187163B2 (ja) * 1992-04-23 2001-07-11 三菱電機株式会社 放電灯点灯装置
DE4335375B4 (de) * 1993-10-16 2009-04-16 Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh Netzgerät zur Speisung einer Gasentladungslampe
US5381076A (en) * 1993-10-18 1995-01-10 General Electric Company Metal halide electronic ballast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE228752T1 (de) 2002-12-15
DK0739154T3 (da) 2003-02-03
ES2185741T3 (es) 2003-05-01
DE69624970D1 (de) 2003-01-09
BE1009331A3 (nl) 1997-02-04
DE69624970T2 (de) 2003-08-28
EP0739154A1 (de) 1996-10-23

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