EP0603043A1 - Radiation beam collimation device - Google Patents
Radiation beam collimation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0603043A1 EP0603043A1 EP93402997A EP93402997A EP0603043A1 EP 0603043 A1 EP0603043 A1 EP 0603043A1 EP 93402997 A EP93402997 A EP 93402997A EP 93402997 A EP93402997 A EP 93402997A EP 0603043 A1 EP0603043 A1 EP 0603043A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- radiation
- collimator
- rank
- tangent
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
- G21K1/025—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using multiple collimators, e.g. Bucky screens; other devices for eliminating undesired or dispersed radiation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for collimating beams of radiation.
- FIG. 1 An example of such a collimator is schematically represented in FIG. 1.
- It comprises a plurality of thin parallel strips 2 which are capable of absorbing the incident radiation 4 which it is desired to collimate or which are covered with a material capable of absorbing this radiation.
- the ratio Do / Lo of the distance between the lamellae 2 to the length Lo of these lamellae is equal to the tangent of half of the maximum divergence 2 ⁇ desired for the radiation beam 6 leaving the collimator.
- a Soller's collimator has drawbacks.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy the above drawbacks.
- the device for collimating beams of radiation which is the subject of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of parallel layers of wires which are made or covered with a material capable of absorbing the radiation.
- the wires used are round.
- each thread of rank n is tangent to the plane which passes between the thread of rank n-1 of this ply and the thread of rank 1 of adjacent sheet and which is tangent to this row 1 thread and to this row n-1 thread.
- said material is capable of absorbing neutrons, the device being thus capable of collimating neutron beams.
- absorbent material cadmium or gadolinium but boron is preferably used.
- the radiation dose due to the absorption of neutrons is reduced by a factor of 10 compared to an absorbent consisting of cadmium or gadolinium.
- FIG 2 there is shown schematically, in section, a collimation device according to the invention, for collimating an incident radiation beam 4 and obtaining, at the output of this collimation device, a collimated beam 6 , the maximum divergence of this outgoing beam 6 being equal to 2 ⁇ .
- the collimation device, or collimator, shown in FIG. 2 comprises a plurality of parallel plies 8 of wires 10 which are made or covered with a material capable of absorbing the radiation.
- the plies 8 are equidistant from each other and, in each ply 8, the wires 10 are round wires, parallel to each other and the wires of the same rank, that is ie with the same serial number, in the layers, are in planes P parallel to each other and perpendicular to the planes of the layers 8.
- the wires 10 are stretched individually between two parallel plates 12 which are made rigidly secured to one another, for example by means of spacers 14 (placed outside the bundle to be collimated 4).
- boron wires are preferably used which can be stretched between the plates 12.
- tungsten wires coated with boron can be used.
- wires made or covered with a material capable of absorbing these X-rays preferably tungsten wires.
- Figure 4 schematically illustrates how to place the wires relative to each other in a collimator according to the invention in order to use a minimum number of wires.
- the collimator shown schematically and partially, in section, in Figure 4 comprises a plurality of parallel plies of round wires, such as adjacent plies A and B.
- the position of the third wire A3 of the ply A and the position of the third wire B3 of the ply B are then determined as indicated below.
- the wire A3 is tangent to the plane B1 A2 which passes between the wires B1 and A2 and which is tangent to these wires B1 and A2.
- the wire B3 is tangent to the plane A1 B2 which passes between the wires A1 and B2 and which is tangent to these wires A1 and B2.
- the position of the wires A4 and B4 is then determined as follows.
- the wire A4 is tangent to the plane B1 A3 which passes between the wires B1 and A3 and which is tangent to these wires B1 and A3.
- the wire B4 is tangent to the plane A1 B3 which passes between the wires A1 and B3 and which is tangent to these wires A1 and B3.
- the collimator of FIG. 4 is thus constructed step by step.
- this collimator is completed with the wires of rank n, such as the wires An and Bn, making it possible to obtain the maximum divergence angle 2 ⁇ initially fixed.
- the present invention greatly reduces and, in some preferred embodiments, completely eliminates the total reflection of the radiation.
- the wires are less sensitive than these slats to thermal variations and to degradation by radiation.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de collimation de faisceaux d'un rayonnement.The present invention relates to a device for collimating beams of radiation.
Elle s'applique notamment à la collimation de faisceaux de neutrons et de faisceaux de rayons X.It applies in particular to the collimation of neutron beams and X-ray beams.
Il arrive souvent qu'on souhaite limiter la distribution angulaire d'un faisceau de rayonnement sans en perdre inutilement la luminosité.It often happens that one wishes to limit the angular distribution of a beam of radiation without unnecessarily losing its brightness.
Pour ce faire, il est connu d'utiliser un collimateur de Soller.To do this, it is known to use a Soller collimator.
Un exemple d'un tel collimateur est schématiquement représenté sur la figure 1.An example of such a collimator is schematically represented in FIG. 1.
Il comprend une pluralité de fines lamelles parallèles 2 qui sont aptes à absorber le rayonnement incident 4 que l'on veut collimater ou qui sont couvertes d'un matériau apte à absorber ce rayonnement.It comprises a plurality of thin
Le rapport Do/Lo de la distance entre les lamelles 2 à la longueur Lo de ces lamelles est égal à la tangente de la moitié de la divergence maximale 2φ souhaitée pour le faisceau de rayonnement 6 sortant du collimateur.The ratio Do / Lo of the distance between the
Pour éviter les pertes inutiles, on utilise les lamelles les plus fines possible.To avoid unnecessary losses, use the finest lamellae possible.
Un collimateur de Soller présente des inconvénients.A Soller's collimator has drawbacks.
En effet, si le rayonnement à collimater arrive au dessous d'un certain angle d'incidence critique sur les lamelles, il est réfléchi (effet de réflexion totale), malgré la présence du matériau absorbant.In fact, if the radiation to be collimated arrives below a certain critical angle of incidence on the lamellae, it is reflected (total reflection effect), despite the presence of the absorbent material.
En conséquence, il n'est pas possible de collimater le faisceau de rayonnement incident au-dessous de cet angle critique.Consequently, it is not possible to collimate the incident radiation beam below this critical angle.
De plus, une telle réflexion totale risque de contaminer (ce qui n'est pas souhaité) le faisceau de rayonnement diffusé par un échantillon (non représenté sur la figure 1) qui est éclairé par le faisceau collimaté.In addition, such a total reflection risks contaminating (which is not desired) the radiation beam scattered by a sample (not shown in Figure 1) which is illuminated by the collimated beam.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients précédents.The object of the present invention is to remedy the above drawbacks.
Pour ce faire, le dispositif de collimation de faisceaux d'un rayonnement objet de la présente invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de nappes parallèles de fils qui sont faits ou recouverts d'un matériau capable d'absorber le rayonnement.To do this, the device for collimating beams of radiation which is the subject of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of parallel layers of wires which are made or covered with a material capable of absorbing the radiation.
L'utilisation de tels fils permet de réduire de manière importante la surface qui contribue à la réflexion totale du rayonnement.The use of such wires makes it possible to significantly reduce the surface which contributes to the total reflection of the radiation.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif objet de l'invention, les fils utilisés sont ronds.According to a preferred embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention, the wires used are round.
Dans ce cas, la surface qui contribue à la réflexion totale est quasiment nulle.In this case, the surface which contributes to the total reflection is almost zero.
De préférence, dans chaque nappe, chaque fil de rang n, pour tout nombre entier n supérieur ou égal à 3, est tangent au plan qui passe entre le fil de rang n-1 de cette nappe et le fil de rang 1 d'une nappe adjacente et qui est tangent à ce fil de rang 1 et à ce fil de rang n-1.Preferably, in each ply, each thread of rank n, for any integer n greater than or equal to 3, is tangent to the plane which passes between the thread of rank n-1 of this ply and the thread of
Ceci permet d'avoir des fils placés à des distances maximales les uns des autres et donc d'utiliser un nombre minimum de fils, ce qui permet de réduire encore la surface contribuant à la réflexion totale.This makes it possible to have wires placed at maximum distances from each other and therefore to use a minimum number of wires, which makes it possible to further reduce the surface contributing to total reflection.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier du dispositif objet de l'invention, ledit matériau est capable d'absorber les neutrons, le dispositif étant ainsi capable de collimater des faisceaux neutrons.According to a particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention, said material is capable of absorbing neutrons, the device being thus capable of collimating neutron beams.
Dans ce cas, on peut utiliser, en tant que matériau absorbant, le cadmium ou le gadolinium mais on utilise de préférence le bore.In this case, it is possible to use, as absorbent material, cadmium or gadolinium but boron is preferably used.
Avec des fils de bore et un rayonnement neutronique, la dose d'irradiation due à l'absorption des neutrons est réduite d'un facteur 10 par rapport à un absorbant constitué de cadmium ou de gadolinium.With boron wires and neutron radiation, the radiation dose due to the absorption of neutrons is reduced by a factor of 10 compared to an absorbent consisting of cadmium or gadolinium.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description d'exemples de réalisation donnés ci-après à titre purement indicatif et nullement limitatif, en faisant référence aux références aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un dispositif de collimation connu et a déjà été décrite,
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un mode de réalisation particulier du dispositif de collimation objet de la présente invention,
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective schématique d'un dispositif de collimation conforme à l'invention, et
- la figure 4 illustre schématiquement une construction géométrique permettant de minimiser le nombre de fils d'un dispositif de collimation conforme à l'invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a known collimation device and has already been described,
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a particular embodiment of the collimation device which is the subject of the present invention,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a collimation device according to the invention, and
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a geometric construction making it possible to minimize the number of wires of a collimation device according to the invention.
Sur la figure 2, on a représenté schématiquement, en coupe, un dispositif de collimation conforme à l'invention, permettant de collimater un faisceau de rayonnement incident 4 et d'obtenir, à la sortie de ce dispositif de collimation, un faisceau collimaté 6, la divergence maximale de ce faisceau sortant 6 étant égale à 2φ.In Figure 2, there is shown schematically, in section, a collimation device according to the invention, for collimating an
Le dispositif de collimation, ou collimateur, représenté sur la figure 2 comprend une pluralité de nappes parallèles 8 de fils 10 qui sont faits ou recouverts d'un matériau capable d'absorber le rayonnement.The collimation device, or collimator, shown in FIG. 2 comprises a plurality of
Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 2, les nappes 8 sont équidistantes les unes des autres et, dans chaque nappe 8, les fils 10 sont des fils ronds, parallèles les uns aux autres et les fils de même rang, c'est-à-dire de même numéro d'ordre, dans les nappes, sont dans des plans P parallèles les uns aux autres et perpendiculaires aux plans des nappes 8.In the example shown in FIG. 2, the
On voit sur la figure 3 un collimateur conforme à l'invention en perspective.We see in Figure 3 a collimator according to the invention in perspective.
Comme on le voit sur cette figure 3, les fils 10 sont tendus individuellement entre deux plaques parallèles 12 qui sont rendues rigidement solidaires l'une de l'autre par exemple grâce à des entretoises 14 (placées en dehors du faisceau à collimater 4).As can be seen in this FIG. 3, the
Pour collimater un faisceau de neutrons, on utilise de préférence des fils de bore que l'on peut tendre entre les plaques 12.To collimate a neutron beam, boron wires are preferably used which can be stretched between the
En variante, on peut utiliser des fils de tungstène recouverts de bore.Alternatively, tungsten wires coated with boron can be used.
Dans le cas où l'on veut collimater un faisceau de rayons X, on utilise des fils faits ou recouverts d'un matériau capable d'absorber ces rayons X, de préférence des fils de tungstène.If you want to collimate an X-ray beam, you use wires made or covered with a material capable of absorbing these X-rays, preferably tungsten wires.
La figure 4 illustre schématiquement la manière de placer les fils les uns par rapport aux autres dans un collimateur conforme à l'invention afin d'utiliser un nombre minimum de fils.Figure 4 schematically illustrates how to place the wires relative to each other in a collimator according to the invention in order to use a minimum number of wires.
Le collimateur représenté schématiquement et partiellement, en coupe, sur la figure 4 comprend une pluralité de nappes parallèles de fils ronds, telles que les nappes adjacentes A et B.The collimator shown schematically and partially, in section, in Figure 4 comprises a plurality of parallel plies of round wires, such as adjacent plies A and B.
Ayant choisi la divergence maximale 2φ que l'on veut obtenir avec ce collimateur de la figure 4, on choisit la distance D12 entre les deux premiers fils A1 et A2 de la nappe A (qui est égale à la distance entre les deux premiers fils B1 et B2 de la nappe B).Having chosen the maximum divergence 2φ which we want to obtain with this collimator of FIG. 4, we choose the distance D12 between the first two wires A1 and A2 of the sheet A (which is equal to the distance between the first two wires B1 and B2 of tablecloth B).
On détermine ensuite la position du troisième fil A3 de la nappe A et la position du troisième fil B3 de la nappe B de la façon indiquée ci-après.The position of the third wire A3 of the ply A and the position of the third wire B3 of the ply B are then determined as indicated below.
Le fil A3 est tangent au plan B1 A2 qui passe entre les fils B1 et A2 et qui est tangent à ces fils B1 et A2.The wire A3 is tangent to the plane B1 A2 which passes between the wires B1 and A2 and which is tangent to these wires B1 and A2.
De même, le fil B3 est tangent au plan A1 B2 qui passe entre les fils A1 et B2 et qui est tangent à ces fils A1 et B2.Similarly, the wire B3 is tangent to the plane A1 B2 which passes between the wires A1 and B2 and which is tangent to these wires A1 and B2.
On détermine ensuite la position des fils A4 et B4 de la façon suivante.The position of the wires A4 and B4 is then determined as follows.
La fil A4 est tangent au plan B1 A3 qui passe entre les fils B1 et A3 et qui est tangent à ces fils B1 et A3.The wire A4 is tangent to the plane B1 A3 which passes between the wires B1 and A3 and which is tangent to these wires B1 and A3.
De même, le fil B4 est tangent au plan A1 B3 qui passe entre les fils A1 et B3 et qui est tangent à ces fils A1 et B3.Similarly, the wire B4 is tangent to the plane A1 B3 which passes between the wires A1 and B3 and which is tangent to these wires A1 and B3.
On construit ainsi de proche en proche le collimateur de la figure 4.The collimator of FIG. 4 is thus constructed step by step.
La construction de ce collimateur est achevée avec les fils de rang n, tels que les fils An et Bn, permettant d'obtenir l'angle de divergence maximale 2φ initialement fixé.The construction of this collimator is completed with the wires of rank n, such as the wires An and Bn, making it possible to obtain the maximum divergence angle 2φ initially fixed.
La distance Li entre les fils Ai et Ai+1 (égale à la distance entre les fils Bi et Bi+1) est fonction du diamètre d des fils et de la divergence angulaire locale 2xφi du faisceau de rayonnement au niveau des fils de rang i (sur la figure 4 on a représenté les paramètres L4 et 2xφ4 qui sont relatifs aux fils de rang i=4).The distance Li between the wires Ai and Ai + 1 (equal to the distance between the wires Bi and Bi + 1) is a function of the diameter d of the wires and of the local angular divergence 2xφi of the radiation beam at the level of the wires of rank i (in figure 4 we have represented the parameters L4 and 2xφ4 which relate to the wires of rank i = 4).
La distance Li (distance maximale entre les fils Ai et Ai+1) est telle que :
Comme φi diminue lorsque i augmente, c'est-à-dire au fur et à mesure que le rayonnement se propage dans le collimateur (en d'autres termes, au fur et à mesure qu'on s'éloigne de l'entrée E de ce collimateur), l'espacement Li des fils est une fonction croissante de i.As φi decreases when i increases, that is to say as the radiation propagates in the collimator (in other words, as one moves away from the entry E of this collimator), the spacing Li of the wires is an increasing function of i.
La construction expliquée ci-dessus permet ainsi de réaliser un collimateur conforme à l'invention avec un nombre minimum de fils.The construction explained above thus makes it possible to produce a collimator according to the invention with a minimum number of wires.
A titre purement indicatif et nullement limitatif, pour réaliser un collimateur conforme à l'invention permettant de collimater un faisceau de neutrons et d'obtenir à la sortie de ce collimateur un faisceau de divergence angulaire maximale égale à 0,5°, on utilise les paramètres suivants :
fils de bore de diamètre 0,1 mm
longueur du collimateur : 250 mm
distance entre deux nappes adjacentes : 2,2 mmAs a purely indicative and in no way limitative, to produce a collimator according to the invention making it possible to collimate a beam of neutrons and to obtain at the output of this collimator a beam of maximum angular divergence equal to 0.5 °, the following parameters:
0.1 mm diameter boron wire
collimator length: 250 mm
distance between two adjacent layers: 2.2 mm
La présente invention permet de réduire grandement et, dans certains modes de réalisation préférés, d'éliminer complètement, la réflexion totale du rayonnement.The present invention greatly reduces and, in some preferred embodiments, completely eliminates the total reflection of the radiation.
De plus, le fait de tendre les fils individuellement permet de bien définir la nappe constituée par ces fils, contrairement aux lamelles tendues qui sont utilisées dans les collimateurs de Soller connus, lamelles qui ont, du point de vue mécanique, une position mal déterminée, en particulier à l'entrée et à la sortie de ce collimateur de Soller (on n'est jamais sûr qu'une lamelle ne soit pas déformée).In addition, the fact of tightening the wires individually makes it possible to clearly define the ply formed by these wires, unlike the stretched lamellae which are used in known Soller collimators, lamellae which, from the mechanical point of view, have a poorly determined position, in particular at the entry and exit of this Soller collimator (you can never be sure that a lamella is not deformed).
De plus, les fils sont moins sensibles que ces lamelles aux variations thermiques et à la dégradation par le rayonnement.In addition, the wires are less sensitive than these slats to thermal variations and to degradation by radiation.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9215028 | 1992-12-14 | ||
| FR9215028A FR2699319B1 (en) | 1992-12-14 | 1992-12-14 | Device for collimating beams of radiation. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0603043A1 true EP0603043A1 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| EP0603043B1 EP0603043B1 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
Family
ID=9436555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93402997A Expired - Lifetime EP0603043B1 (en) | 1992-12-14 | 1993-12-13 | Radiation beam collimation device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5468970A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0603043B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69318381T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2699319B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999031674A1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Scattered-ray grid |
| EP0999555A1 (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-05-10 | Rigaku Corporation | Soller slit and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN109671513A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | The continuously adjustable neutron howitzer structure of the angle of divergence and its scaling method |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998035358A1 (en) * | 1997-02-06 | 1998-08-13 | The University Of Miami | Iso-energetic intensity modulator for therapeutic electron beams, electron beam wedge and flattening filters |
| DE50015405D1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2008-11-27 | Philips Intellectual Property | Grid for the absorption of X-rays |
| US20040095626A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-05-20 | Duke University | Reference structures and reference structure enhanced tomography |
| DE10354811B4 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2012-09-27 | Siemens Ag | Anti-scatter grid, in particular for medical X-ray devices, and method for its production |
| US7359488B1 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2008-04-15 | Michel Sayag | Technique for digitally removing x-ray scatter in a radiograph |
| CN102324259A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Neutron Collimator and Neutron Scattering Spectrometer |
| US10004136B2 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2018-06-19 | Michael McCrea | Satellite-based ballistic missile defense system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2547981A1 (en) * | 1975-10-27 | 1977-04-28 | Heribert Dipl Phys Dr Rer Luig | NUCLEAR MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF A RADIOACTIVE EMITTER |
| USH897H (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-03-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Boron-copper neutron absorbing material and method of preparation |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4754147A (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1988-06-28 | Michigan State University | Variable radiation collimator |
-
1992
- 1992-12-14 FR FR9215028A patent/FR2699319B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-12-13 EP EP93402997A patent/EP0603043B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-13 DE DE69318381T patent/DE69318381T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-14 US US08/166,746 patent/US5468970A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2547981A1 (en) * | 1975-10-27 | 1977-04-28 | Heribert Dipl Phys Dr Rer Luig | NUCLEAR MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF A RADIOACTIVE EMITTER |
| USH897H (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-03-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Boron-copper neutron absorbing material and method of preparation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BRADT ET AL.: "The modulation collimator in X-ray astronomy", SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, no. 8, 1968, DORDRECHT-HOLLAND, pages 471 - 506 * |
| CLARKE ET AL.: "Wire-wound multi-aperture collimator", PHYSICS IN MEDECINE AND BIOLOGY, vol. 24, no. 2, 1979, LONDON GB, pages 438 - 439 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999031674A1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Scattered-ray grid |
| US6327341B1 (en) | 1997-12-17 | 2001-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Scattered-ray grid |
| EP0999555A1 (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-05-10 | Rigaku Corporation | Soller slit and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN109671513A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | The continuously adjustable neutron howitzer structure of the angle of divergence and its scaling method |
| CN109671513B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-06-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Neutron collimator structure with continuously adjustable divergence angle and calibration method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69318381T2 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
| FR2699319A1 (en) | 1994-06-17 |
| FR2699319B1 (en) | 1995-03-10 |
| DE69318381D1 (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| EP0603043B1 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
| US5468970A (en) | 1995-11-21 |
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