EP0524268B1 - Process for impregnating a textile fabric - Google Patents
Process for impregnating a textile fabric Download PDFInfo
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- EP0524268B1 EP0524268B1 EP91908815A EP91908815A EP0524268B1 EP 0524268 B1 EP0524268 B1 EP 0524268B1 EP 91908815 A EP91908815 A EP 91908815A EP 91908815 A EP91908815 A EP 91908815A EP 0524268 B1 EP0524268 B1 EP 0524268B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- liquid
- process according
- impregnation
- rate
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
- D06B5/02—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length
- D06B5/08—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length through fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/04—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by pouring or allowing to flow on to the surface of the textile material
- D06B1/06—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by pouring or allowing to flow on to the surface of the textile material flowing along an inclined surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for continuously impregnating a fibrous web, such as a fabric. a knit or nonwoven, made of natural, synthetic, or artificial fibers. pure or mixed, unbound or bound. with an aqueous liquid, in particular of the type containing a treatment agent. latex, primer. dye. etc. and relates in particular to the impregnation of an unbleached cotton tablecloth with a view to a treatment, for example of scouring and / or bleaching.
- a fibrous web such as a fabric. a knit or nonwoven, made of natural, synthetic, or artificial fibers. pure or mixed, unbound or bound.
- an aqueous liquid in particular of the type containing a treatment agent. latex, primer. dye. etc. and relates in particular to the impregnation of an unbleached cotton tablecloth with a view to a treatment, for example of scouring and / or bleaching.
- the chemical treatment of unbleached cotton fibers begins with the scouring which consists, after opening and mechanical cleaning. to remove the sheath of waxy and fatty materials which envelops them, so as to make them hydrophilic. After rinsing and expressing, the chemical treatment is generally completed by a bleaching operation. So that until recently, the treatment of cotton was carried out in batches, discontinuously, we now seek to carry out all operations continuously, that is to say, to form a continuous sheet and convey cotton on a carpet through a succession of stations in which it is subjected, one after the other, to all the stages constituting its treatment.
- Patent FR 1374161 describes an apparatus for washing fragile fabrics in which the fabric is supported on an endless porous fabric while the washing liquor is sprayed by means of a plurality of nozzles. It further comprises suction boxes placed under the fabric by which the liquor is sucked through the sheet facilitating the cleaning operation. This patent for cleaning only does not teach how to uniformly impregnate the tablecloth with a controlled quality of treatment liquor.
- Patent application EP-A-0 97268 relates to an apparatus for applying foam to a sheet and comprises a dispensing member supplying a plurality of conduits connected to an application device with weir. This device is provided with a rounded sheet through which the foam pours into a continuous blade. Although ensuring a uniform deposit of foam, the device does not provide any means to control the amount incorporated into the sheet.
- Another known means consists in impregnating the sheet in a tank containing the impregnation liquor, ensuring the wetting of the fibers and finally eliminating the excess liquid by passing through a scarf.
- This technique provides satisfactory impregnation, however when the textile web has no cohesion, there is a tendency to deform it by the mechanical action exerted on the fibers, and to produce irregularities, of air occlusions, which in the end do not allow its use as it is.
- the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and proposes a method of impregnating a textile sheet with an aqueous liquid, in particular of the type containing a treatment agent, according to which the sheet is deposited on an endless support mat permeable to liquids.
- this threshold is determined experimentally. It corresponds to a spilled rate between 300% and 1500%. For the same liquid, it depends on the nature of the fibers, the weight of the tablecloth and its presentation: compressed or open, fabric, knitted or nonwoven. For example, for a carded tablecloth of unbleached cotton of 250 g / m2, impregnated with an aqueous scouring solution, it corresponds to a rate of the order of 600%.
- the carrying rate can then be varied between 150% and 400%, preferably between 250% and 300%.
- the process essentially aims at impregnating a textile sheet composed of unbound fibers, with a grammage between 20 and 1000 g / m2.
- the fibers can be of all kinds: natural, synthetic or artificial, alone or in a mixture.
- the sheet can be formed by any suitable means, mechanical or pneumatic.
- the ply may optionally be composite and obtained from two or more card webs associated or not with pneumatically formed webs.
- the process is also suitable for impregnating bonded textiles: fabrics, knits or others.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid distribution device ensuring the formation of a continuous and as regular blade as possible. This is achieved with a liquid dispensing member provided with a weir with a portion of flow surface oriented towards the sheet, of width at least equal to that of the area to be impregnated.
- the weir consists of a sheet with a convex cylindrical profile, the downstream edge of which is serrated in order to facilitate detachment of the liquid blade.
- the laminar flow is improved by providing grooves in the region of the lateral edges.
- Another object of the invention is to improve the impregnation of a sheet made up of unbound fibers, deposited on a porous mat, by mechanical or pneumatic means. This is achieved by compressing the web, in particular by mechanical means, so as to reduce its thickness before it passes under the liquid slide.
- said compacting means is constituted by a pressure roller.
- the compaction of the sheet is further improved by having a vacuum slot immediately downstream of the compacting member so as to avoid relaxation of the sheet before it passes through the impregnation means.
- Another object of the invention is to design a continuous scouring and bleaching process of unbleached cotton fibers, making it possible to obtain a treated cotton sheet, having sufficient mechanical strength and regularity so that the tablecloth can be used as is, without any mechanical treatment other than cutting or other operation of transformation into finished product.
- This object is achieved by performing at least one of the impregnation operations according to the technique according to the invention.
- the sheet can be handled, transferred, treated, rinsed, expressed without risk of breakage or deformation.
- the quality of its appearance it is it can be transformed directly into a finished product without having to card it again or rework it.
- FIG. 1 an impregnation installation according to the invention is shown, applied to the treatment of a sheet of unbound fibers of unbleached cotton, for example.
- a forming system shown diagrammatically by the block (2) deposits the open and individualized fibers on an endless belt (4), driven in a plane translational movement according to the arrow.
- the carpet is porous; it may be a suitably perforated waterproof material or a canvas.
- the carpet is stretched between horizontal rollers, one of which is powered.
- the sheet (6) from the former is relatively thick and uniform.
- a pressure roller (7) rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis, transverse to the direction of movement, cooperating with a counter-roller (8) placed on the canvas, has the function of partially expelling the air from the tablecloth by reducing its thickness. It is important to expel this air, because it forms pockets opposing the subsequent penetration of the liquid.
- a vacuum under the sheet by means of a first suction slot (9), to prevent it from naturally re-inflating under the effect of elastic restoring forces exerted by the fibers themselves.
- the depression presses the fibers against the fabric and promotes the action of the liquid afterwards.
- the slot (9) is in communication with a vacuum source, not shown.
- the sheet resulting from this compacting means has undergone no other deformation than a reduction in height. Its homogeneity is not broken.
- a tablecloth of unbleached cotton having, initially according to the grammage and the mode of forming, a thickness comprised between 40 and 150 mm, is thus compacted up to a height between 10 and 30 mm.
- the effect of a vacuum created under the sheet can also be used.
- This (10) is composed of two elements: a distributor (11) of the liquid and a suction member (13).
- the dispensing member (10) is designed to deliver the liquid in the form of a curtain, or blade, transverse to the direction of movement of the sheet, the liquid being set in motion by the action of simple gravity.
- a suction member (13) is provided, consisting of a suction slot of determined width, the vacuum height of which is chosen so as to be able to control the rate for expressing the liquid in the sheet.
- the dispenser (11) includes a liquid accumulation zone , separated into two compartments (113, 114) by a transverse partition (112) pierced with orifices connecting the 2 compartments (113,114).
- the first compartment is supplied with liquid by a pipe and supplies the compartment (114).
- This arrangement makes it possible to reduce turbulence inside this latter compartment.
- On its outer wall there is provided a weir (115) of convex cylindrical shape, whose generatrices are horizontal and oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web.
- the free edge of the weir is serrated, that is to say it is provided with pointed projections (115 ') in the extension of its surface, in order to facilitate the detachment of the liquid from the surface of the weir.
- the curvature of the weir is chosen so that the liquid flowing from the overflow from the compartment (114) forms a laminar flow with streams of current as parallel as possible.
- the tangent of the weir at its free edge is preferably substantially vertical.
- the surface condition is also a factor to take into consideration; it is chosen smooth to reduce disturbances. The flow from the weir thus forms a curtain, or blade, a continuous liquid in its transverse direction and substantially planar.
- the size of the opening of the slit is determined so as to exert a suction of sufficient duration when the sheet passes at its level. It therefore extends downstream of the weir over a distance determined as a function of the nature of movement of the sheet.
- the depression generated by the slot is chosen so as to be sufficient to wring out the sheet. Furthermore, it has been found that it is possible to control the rate of expression of the sheet by adjusting only the level of vacuum, when the liquid flow rate exceeds a threshold.
- Lightly colored water was poured out with the device described.
- the suction slot was 30 mm wide and the vacuum was 90 mb (relative vacuum).
- the flow rate (D) of the discharged water was gradually varied. It can be seen that from a spilled rate threshold (Td) corresponding to around 600%, the expressing rate (E), or take-up rate. varies very little.
- Td f (E) becomes asymptotic.
- the spilled rate (Td) is the ratio expressed as a percentage between the mass of liquid spilled and the mass of fibers traveling under the mass of said liquid.
- Td D x 1000 x 100 60 x L x V x M
- E Wet mass - dry mass x 100 Dry mass
- a needled nonwoven of viscose fibers was treated in the same way as in Example 1.
- M 145 g / m2
- V 25 m / min Depression: 85 mb
- the bleaching process consists of opening, cleaning, if necessary blending cotton of different origins and qualities, and in forming (21) a sheet of between 50 and 1000 g / m2, preferably between 100 and 600 g / m2 by any suitable means, mechanical (carding) and / or pneumatic.
- This sheet is supported and driven by a belt through the various treatment stations.
- the tablecloth is introduced into a vaporizer (23) heated to a temperature close to 100 ° C. in which it remains, while remaining continuous thanks to an appropriate storage means, for a determined period depending on the liquor and the take-up rate. .
- the hydrophilic scoured sheet is impregnated with a bleaching solution (hydrogen peroxide with sodium hydroxide essentially) by means of a third device with a liquid blade and a vacuum slit (25).
- a bleaching solution hydrogen peroxide with sodium hydroxide essentially
- the sheet is again introduced into a vaporizer (26) heated to a temperature close to 100 ° C. in which it stays thanks to an appropriate storage means, for a time long enough for the bleaching to be effective.
- the maximum amount of water contained in the sheet is extracted at (28), and it is dried in an oven (29) which is preferably through air.
- the tablecloth can be used directly for the manufacture of packaged hydrophilic cotton or else be transformed into fibers after shredding for the production of nonwoven products.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé d'imprégnation en continu d'une nappe fibreuse, telle qu'un tissu. un tricot ou un nontissé, constituée de fibres naturelles, synthétiques, ou artificielles. pures ou en mélange, non liées ou liées. avec un liquide aqueux notamment du type contenant un agent de traitement. latex, apprêt. colorant. etc. et vise en particulier l'imprégnation d'une nappe en coton écru en vue d'un traitement par exemple de débouillissage et/ou de blanchiment.The invention relates to a method for continuously impregnating a fibrous web, such as a fabric. a knit or nonwoven, made of natural, synthetic, or artificial fibers. pure or mixed, unbound or bound. with an aqueous liquid, in particular of the type containing a treatment agent. latex, primer. dye. etc. and relates in particular to the impregnation of an unbleached cotton tablecloth with a view to a treatment, for example of scouring and / or bleaching.
Le traitement chimique des fibres de coton écru commence par le débouillissage qui consiste, après ouverture et nettoyage mécanique. à ôter la gaine de matières cireuses et grasses qui les enveloppe, de manière à les rendre hydrophiles. Après rinçage et exprimage, on achève en général le traitement chimique par une opération de blanchiment. Alors, que jusqu'à une date récente, le traitement du coton était effectué par lots, de manière discontinue, on cherche maintenant à réaliser toutes les opérations en continu, c'est-à-dire, à former une nappe continue et à convoyer le coton sur un tapis à travers une succession de postes dans lesquels il est soumis, l'une après l'autre, à toutes les étapes constituant son traitement.The chemical treatment of unbleached cotton fibers begins with the scouring which consists, after opening and mechanical cleaning. to remove the sheath of waxy and fatty materials which envelops them, so as to make them hydrophilic. After rinsing and expressing, the chemical treatment is generally completed by a bleaching operation. So that until recently, the treatment of cotton was carried out in batches, discontinuously, we now seek to carry out all operations continuously, that is to say, to form a continuous sheet and convey cotton on a carpet through a succession of stations in which it is subjected, one after the other, to all the stages constituting its treatment.
Une des difficultés rencontrées avec ce type de procédé réside dans la réalisation de l'imprégnation de la nappe par les diverses liqueurs. De la qualité de l'imprégnation dépend la qualité du produit fini.One of the difficulties encountered with this type of process lies in carrying out the impregnation of the sheet with the various liquors. The quality of the finished product depends on the quality of the impregnation.
Tout d'abord, il s'agit d'incorporer à la nappe une certaine quantité d'agent de débouillissage, soude par exemple, que l'on met ensuite à réagir par chauffage dans le vaporiseur. Afin que le débouillissage soit d'une efficacité maximale, il est souhaitable que la nappe soit imprégnée de manière homogène d'une quantité contrôlée de liqueur. En effet, le temps de réaction, l'efficacité et les propriétés finales en dépendent. Par ailleurs, pour que l'ensemble des fibres composant la nappe soit traité de manière uniforme, il faut que l'imprégnation soit elle-même homogène. Enfin il est souhaitable que le moyen d'application du liquide perturbe le moins possible l'organisation des fibres, afin d'obtenir en fin de traitement, un produit pouvant le cas échéant être utilisé tel quel sans avoir à retravailler la nappe.First of all, it involves incorporating a certain amount of scouring agent, for example soda, into the sheet, which is then reacted by heating in the vaporizer. In order for the scouring to be of maximum efficiency, it is desirable that the sheet is impregnated in a homogeneous manner with a controlled quantity of liquor. Indeed, the reaction time, the efficiency and the final properties depend on it. Furthermore, for all the fibers making up the sheet to be treated in a uniform manner, the impregnation must itself be homogeneous. Finally, it is desirable that the means of applying the liquid disturbs the organization of the fibers as little as possible, in order to obtain, at the end of the treatment, a product which can if necessary be used as which without having to rework the tablecloth.
Les moyens connus de la demanderesse ne permettent pas la réalisation de ces objectifs.The means known to the applicant do not allow these objectives to be achieved.
Ainsi par exemple il est possible de pulvériser le liquide de traitement sur la nappe en mouvement, au moyen de rampes de jets fluides. Cependant, à moins d'une pression élevée des jets qui modifient alors la structure de la nappe, cette évolution présente, l'inconvénient de ne pas permettre un mouillage satisfaisant de la nappe si les fibres ne sont pas hydrophiles - ce qui est le cas du coton écru - car le liquide pénètre alors difficilement et ne la traverse pas. En outre, il n'est pas aisé de réaliser une pulvérisation uniforme sur toute la largeur de la nappe, celle-ci pouvant être plus abondante dans les zones de recouvrement des jets ou bien au contraire plus pauvre dans les intervalles entre les impacts des jets. Pour pallier ces inconvénients, il est nécessaire de multiplier le nombre de rampes, ce qui rend le dispositif complexe.Thus, for example, it is possible to spray the treatment liquid on the moving sheet, by means of ramps of fluid jets. However, unless there is a high pressure of the jets which then modify the structure of the sheet, this development has the drawback of not allowing satisfactory wetting of the sheet if the fibers are not hydrophilic - which is the case. unbleached cotton - because the liquid then hardly penetrates and does not pass through it. In addition, it is not easy to achieve uniform spraying over the entire width of the sheet, which may be more abundant in the areas of overlap of the jets or, on the contrary, poorer in the intervals between the impacts of the jets. . To overcome these drawbacks, it is necessary to multiply the number of ramps, which makes the device complex.
Le brevet FR 1374161 décrit un appareil pour le lavage des tissus fragiles dans lequel le tissu est soutenu sur une toile poreuse sans fin tandis que la liqueur de lavage est pulvérisée au moyen d'une pluralité de buses. Il comporte, en outre, des boîtes d'aspiration disposées sous la toile par lesquelles la liqueur est aspirée au travers de la nappe facilitant l'opération de nettoyage. Ce brevet visant uniquement le nettoyage n'enseigne ainsi pas comment imprégner uniformément la nappe d'une qualité contrôlée de liqueur de traitement.Patent FR 1374161 describes an apparatus for washing fragile fabrics in which the fabric is supported on an endless porous fabric while the washing liquor is sprayed by means of a plurality of nozzles. It further comprises suction boxes placed under the fabric by which the liquor is sucked through the sheet facilitating the cleaning operation. This patent for cleaning only does not teach how to uniformly impregnate the tablecloth with a controlled quality of treatment liquor.
La demande de brevet EP-A-0 97268 porte sur un appareil pour appliquer une mousse sur une nappe et comporte un organe distributeur alimentant une pluralité de conduits reliés à un dispositif d'application avec déversoir. Ce dispositif est pourvu d'une tôle arrondie par laquelle la mousse se déverse en une lame continue. Bien qu'assurant un dépôt uniforme de mousse, l'appareil ne prévoit aucun moyen permettant de contrôler la quantité incorporée à la nappe.Patent application EP-A-0 97268 relates to an apparatus for applying foam to a sheet and comprises a dispensing member supplying a plurality of conduits connected to an application device with weir. This device is provided with a rounded sheet through which the foam pours into a continuous blade. Although ensuring a uniform deposit of foam, the device does not provide any means to control the amount incorporated into the sheet.
Un autre moyen connu consiste à imprégner la nappe dans un bac contenant la liqueur d'imprégnation, assurer le mouillage des fibres et enfin à éliminer l'excès de liquide par passage dans un foulard. On assure par cette technique une imprégnation satisfaisante, cependant lorsque la nappe textile n'a pas de cohésion, on a tendance à la déformer par l'action mécanique exercée sur les fibres, et à produire des irrégularités, de occlusions d'air, qui au final ne permettent pas son emploi tel quel.Another known means consists in impregnating the sheet in a tank containing the impregnation liquor, ensuring the wetting of the fibers and finally eliminating the excess liquid by passing through a scarf. This technique provides satisfactory impregnation, however when the textile web has no cohesion, there is a tendency to deform it by the mechanical action exerted on the fibers, and to produce irregularities, of air occlusions, which in the end do not allow its use as it is.
L'invention a pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients et propose un procédé d'imprégnation d'une nappe textile avec un liquide aqueux notamment du type contenant un agent de traitement selon lequel on dépose la nappe sur un tapis support sans fin perméable aux liquides, on applique ledit liquide sur la nappe et on crée, au moyen d'une fente d'aspiration disposée sous la toile, une dépression suffisante pour permettre à au moins une partie dudit liquide de traverser la nappe, caractérisé en ce que ledit liquide est déversé par gravité sur la nappe sous la forme d'une lame liquide transversale à la direction de déplacement de celle-ci et le taux de liquide déversé, défini par rapport au poids de la nappe, défilant sous ladite lame, est supérieur à un rapport déterminé à partir duquel le taux d'emport est fonction de ladite dépression et indépendant de la quantité déversée, de façon à permettre une imprégnation homogène et un contrôle aisé du taux d'emport.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and proposes a method of impregnating a textile sheet with an aqueous liquid, in particular of the type containing a treatment agent, according to which the sheet is deposited on an endless support mat permeable to liquids. , applying said liquid to the sheet and creating, by means of a suction slot located under the fabric, a depression sufficient to allow at least part of said liquid to pass through the sheet, characterized in that said liquid is poured by gravity onto the sheet in the form of a liquid blade transverse to the direction of movement of the latter and the rate of spilled liquid, defined relative to the weight of the sheet, passing under said blade, is greater than a ratio determined from which the carrying rate is a function of said depression and independent of the quantity spilled, so as to allow a homogeneous impregnation and easy control of the carrying rate.
Le procédé présente les avantages suivants:
- Il permet une imprégnation uniforme sur toute la largeur à traiter par l'application du liquide sous la forme d'une lame ou d'un rideau continu qui apporte la même quantité de liquide sur toute la largeur.
- La masse liquide, par son inertie, chasse de façon très efficace l'air emprisonné entre les fibres. Elle est assistée à cet effet par l'aspiration produite sous la toile. On assure ainsi le mouillage des fibres dans toute l'épaisseur.
- La fente d'aspiration remplit la fonction d'exprimage du liquide en excès de la nappe. Cet exprimage étant, contrairement au foulard classique, effectué sans pincement ni contact de pièces mécaniques, n'engendre aucun déplacement notable des fibres et ne perturbe pas leur organisation. Les risques de déformation de la nappe sont faibles.
- La fente, par sa disposition de préférence au droit de la lame liquide, exerce une force d'aspiration sur celui-ci et contribue à stabiliser son écoulement, et à garantir une répartition du flux sur toute la largeur de la nappe.
- Le flux liquide par son inertie, communique enfin une certaine énergie à la nappe, ce qui se traduit par un accroissement de la cohésion de cette dernière. On constate en effet, avec surprise, qu'une nappe constituée de fibres de coton initialement non liées peut subir sans dommages les manipulations accompagnant son traitement ultérieur. Elle ne se casse ni ne se déforme. L'aspect de la nappe et sa résistance mécanique à l'issue du traitement hydrophile et de blanchiment, sont tels qu'il est possible de l'utiliser comme produit fini ou semi-fini.
- Il permet de contrôler le taux d'emport de liquide par la nappe, appelé également taux d'exprimage. On rappelle que le taux d'exprimage est égal au taux de liquide résiduel après essorage par rapport au poids de la nappe. On réalise cet objectif en déversant sur la nappe une quantité de liquide telle que le taux du liquide déversé par rapport au poids de la nappe (voir sa définition plus loin, dans les exemples) est supérieur à un taux déterminé au-delà duquel le taux d'exprimage est fonction de la dépression créée par la fente d'aspiration et indépendant de la quantité déversée.
- It allows a uniform impregnation over the entire width to be treated by applying the liquid in the form of a blade or a continuous curtain which provides the same amount of liquid over the entire width.
- The liquid mass, by its inertia, very effectively expels the air trapped between the fibers. It is assisted for this purpose by the suction produced under the fabric. This ensures the wetting of the fibers throughout the thickness.
- The suction slot fulfills the function of expressing excess liquid from the web. This expression being, unlike the conventional scarf, carried out without pinching or contacting mechanical parts, does not cause any significant displacement of the fibers and does not disturb their organization. The risks of deformation of the sheet are low.
- The slot, by its arrangement preferably in line with the liquid blade, exerts a suction force on it and helps to stabilize its flow, and to guarantee a distribution of the flow over the entire width of the sheet.
- The liquid flow by its inertia, finally communicates a certain energy to the sheet, which results in an increase in the cohesion of the latter. It is found, in fact, with surprise, that a tablecloth made of cotton fibers initially unbound can undergo without damage the manipulations accompanying its subsequent treatment. It does not break or deform. The appearance of the sheet and its mechanical resistance after the hydrophilic and bleaching treatment are such that it can be used as a finished or semi-finished product.
- It makes it possible to control the rate of liquid transport by the tablecloth, also called expressing rate. It is recalled that the rate of expression is equal to the rate of residual liquid after spinning relative to the weight of the sheet. This objective is achieved by pouring a quantity of liquid onto the sheet such that the rate of the liquid spilled relative to the weight of the sheet (see its definition below, in the examples) is greater than a rate determined beyond which the rate of expression is a function of the depression created by the suction slot and independent of the quantity spilled.
On a constaté en effet avec surprise qu'au-delà d'une certaine quantité de liquide déversée sur la nappe, le taux d'exprimage ne dépendait plus de la quantité de liquide apportée mais uniquement de la dépression. Dépendant d'un seul paramètre, il peut être ainsi plus aisément contrôlé notamment à l'intérieur d'un intervalle compris entre 40 % et 400 % . En réglant le taux déversé au-delà de ce seuil, on maîtrise ainsi de façon très satisfaisante l'imprégnation et la régularité du traitement qui s'ensuit. Si, par exemple, la vitesse de défilement de la nappe subit des variations intempestives, le taux déversé varie mais pas le taux d'emport. Il en est de même si la masse de la nappe n'est pas constante.It has indeed been surprisingly found that beyond a certain quantity of liquid poured onto the sheet, the rate of expression no longer depends on the quantity of liquid supplied but only on depression. Depending on a single parameter, it can thus be more easily controlled, especially within an interval between 40% and 400%. By regulating the poured rate beyond this threshold, one thus controls in a very satisfactory way the impregnation and the regularity of the treatment which follows. If, for example, the speed of travel of the sheet undergoes untimely variations, the spilled rate varies but not the carrying rate. It is the same if the mass of the sheet is not constant.
En pratique, ce seuil est déterminé expérimentalement. Il correspond à un taux déversé compris entre 300 % et 1500 % . Pour un même liquide, il dépend de la nature des fibres, du poids de la nappe et de sa présentation : comprimée ou ouverte, tissu, tricot ou nontissé. Par exemple, pour une nappe cardée de coton écru de 250 g/m², imprégnée avec une solution aqueuse de débouillissage, il correspond à un taux de l'ordre de 600 % .In practice, this threshold is determined experimentally. It corresponds to a spilled rate between 300% and 1500%. For the same liquid, it depends on the nature of the fibers, the weight of the tablecloth and its presentation: compressed or open, fabric, knitted or nonwoven. For example, for a carded tablecloth of unbleached cotton of 250 g / m², impregnated with an aqueous scouring solution, it corresponds to a rate of the order of 600%.
Sur une nappe fibreuse non liée telle qu'une nappe de coton écru on peut faire varier alors le taux d'emport entre 150 % et 400 %, de préférence entre 250 % et 300 % .On an unbonded fibrous web such as an unbleached cotton web, the carrying rate can then be varied between 150% and 400%, preferably between 250% and 300%.
Le procédé vise essentiellement l'imprégnation d'une nappe textile composée de fibres non liées, de grammage compris entre 20 et 1000 g/m². Les fibres peuvent être de toutes natures : naturelles, synthétiques ou artificielles, seules ou en mélange. La nappe peut être formée par tout moyen convenable, mécanique ou pneumatique. La nappe peut éventuellement être composite et obtenue à partir de deux ou plusieurs voiles de carde associés ou non à des voiles formés pneumatiquement. Outre les nappes fibreuses non liées, le procédé convient également à l'imprégnation de textiles liés : tissus, tricots ou autres.The process essentially aims at impregnating a textile sheet composed of unbound fibers, with a grammage between 20 and 1000 g / m². The fibers can be of all kinds: natural, synthetic or artificial, alone or in a mixture. The sheet can be formed by any suitable means, mechanical or pneumatic. The ply may optionally be composite and obtained from two or more card webs associated or not with pneumatically formed webs. In addition to the unbound fibrous webs, the process is also suitable for impregnating bonded textiles: fabrics, knits or others.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de réaliser un dispositif de distribution de liquide assurant la formation d'une lame continue et aussi régulière que possible. On parvient à ce but avec un organe distributeur de liquide pourvu d'un déversoir avec une portion de surface d'écoulement orientée vers la nappe, de largeur au moins égale à celle de la zone à imprégner.Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid distribution device ensuring the formation of a continuous and as regular blade as possible. This is achieved with a liquid dispensing member provided with a weir with a portion of flow surface oriented towards the sheet, of width at least equal to that of the area to be impregnated.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le déversoir est constitué d'une tôle à profil cylindrique convexe dont le bord aval est dentelé afin de faciliter le décollement de la lame liquide.According to a preferred embodiment, the weir consists of a sheet with a convex cylindrical profile, the downstream edge of which is serrated in order to facilitate detachment of the liquid blade.
En particulier on améliore l'écoulement laminaire en prévoyant des rainures dans la région des bords latéraux.In particular, the laminar flow is improved by providing grooves in the region of the lateral edges.
Un autre objet de l'invention est d'améliorer l'imprégnation d'une nappe constituée de fibres non liées, déposée sur un tapis poreux, par des moyens mécaniques ou pneumatiques. On parvient à ce but en comprimant la nappe, notamment par un moyen mécanique, de façon à en réduire l'épaisseur avant son passage sous la lame liquide.Another object of the invention is to improve the impregnation of a sheet made up of unbound fibers, deposited on a porous mat, by mechanical or pneumatic means. This is achieved by compressing the web, in particular by mechanical means, so as to reduce its thickness before it passes under the liquid slide.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, ledit moyen de compactage est constitué par un rouleau presseur.According to a particular embodiment, said compacting means is constituted by a pressure roller.
On améliore encore le compactage de la nappe en disposant une fente à vide immédiatement en aval de l'organe de compactage de façon à éviter le relaxation de la nappe avant son passage à travers le moyen d'imprégnation.The compaction of the sheet is further improved by having a vacuum slot immediately downstream of the compacting member so as to avoid relaxation of the sheet before it passes through the impregnation means.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de concevoir un procédé de débouillissage et de blanchiment de fibres de coton écru, en continu, permettant d'obtenir une nappe de coton traitée, présentant une résistance mécanique et une régularité d'aspect suffisantes pour que la nappe puisse être utilisée telle quelle, sans autre traitement mécanique que le découpage ou autre opération de transformation en produit fini.Another object of the invention is to design a continuous scouring and bleaching process of unbleached cotton fibers, making it possible to obtain a treated cotton sheet, having sufficient mechanical strength and regularity so that the tablecloth can be used as is, without any mechanical treatment other than cutting or other operation of transformation into finished product.
On parvient à ce but en réalisant au moins l'une des opérations d'imprégnation selon la technique conforme à l'invention.This object is achieved by performing at least one of the impregnation operations according to the technique according to the invention.
En particulier, on prévoit de réaliser selon cette technique, au moins la première imprégnation prévue dans le traitement avec une liqueur contenant un agent de débouillissage. Grâce au procédé de l'invention, on assure en effet non seulement une imprégnation homogène à taux d'exprimage contrôlé mais également on consolide, avant tout autre traitement, la nappe par l'action de la lame sur les fibres, comme cela a été rapporté plus haut, sans perturber la qualité du nappage réalisé par le formeur en amont.In particular, provision is made to carry out according to this technique, at least the first impregnation provided in the treatment with a liquor containing a scouring agent. Thanks to the process of the invention, it not only ensures a homogeneous impregnation at a controlled rate of expression but also the sheet is consolidated, before any other treatment, by the action of the blade on the fibers, as has been reported above, without disturbing the quality of the topping produced by the upstream formatter.
Par cette consolidation, la nappe peut être manipulée, transférée, traitée, rincée, exprimée sans risque de rupture ni de déformation. En outre, grâce à la qualité de son aspect, il est possible de la transformer directement en produit fini sans qu'il soit nécessaire de la carder à nouveau ou de la retravailler.By this consolidation, the sheet can be handled, transferred, treated, rinsed, expressed without risk of breakage or deformation. In addition, thanks to the quality of its appearance, it is it can be transformed directly into a finished product without having to card it again or rework it.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages, apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de mise en oeuvre non limitatif de l'invention, en référence aux dessins sur lesquels :
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un procédé d'imprégnation d'une nappe de coton
- la figure 2 est une représentation en perspective d'un dispositif de distribution de liquide
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement une installation de débouillissage et de blanchiment de fibres de coton écru.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a method of impregnating a cotton web
- Figure 2 is a perspective representation of a liquid dispensing device
- FIG. 3 schematically represents an installation for scalding and bleaching unbleached cotton fibers.
Sur le schéma de la figure 1, on a représenté une installation d'imprégnation conforme à l'invention, appliquée au traitement d'une nappe de fibres non liées de coton écru, par exemple.In the diagram of FIG. 1, an impregnation installation according to the invention is shown, applied to the treatment of a sheet of unbound fibers of unbleached cotton, for example.
Un système formeur schématisé par le bloc (2) dépose les fibres ouvertes et individualisées sur un tapis (4) sans fin, entraîné dans un mouvement de translation plan selon la flèche. Le tapis est poreux; il peut s'agir d'un matériau imperméable convenablement perforé ou bien d'une toile. Le tapis est tendu entre des rouleaux horizontaux dont l'un est moteur. La nappe (6) issue du formeur est relativement épaisse et uniforme.A forming system shown diagrammatically by the block (2) deposits the open and individualized fibers on an endless belt (4), driven in a plane translational movement according to the arrow. The carpet is porous; it may be a suitably perforated waterproof material or a canvas. The carpet is stretched between horizontal rollers, one of which is powered. The sheet (6) from the former is relatively thick and uniform.
En aval, un rouleau presseur (7) monté à rotation autour d'un axe horizontal, transversal au sens de déplacement, coopérant avec un contre-rouleau (8) placé sur la toile, a pour fonction de chasser en partie l'air de la nappe en réduisant son épaisseur. Il est important de chasser cet air, car il forme des poches s'opposant à la pénétration ultérieure du liquide. Immédiatement en aval du moyen de compactage, on a prévu la mise en oeuvre d'une dépression sous la nappe par le moyen d'une première fente d'aspiration (9), pour éviter qu'elle ne regonfle naturellement sous l'effet des forces de rappel élastiques exercées par les fibres elles-mêmes. En outre, la dépression plaque les fibres contre la toile et favorise l'action du liquide par après. La fente (9) est en communication avec une source de vide non représentée. La nappe issue de ce moyen de compactage n'a subi aucune autre déformation qu'une réduction de hauteur. Son homogénéité n'est pas rompue. Par exemple, une nappe de coton écru ayant, initialement selon le grammage et le mode de formage, une épaisseur comprise entre 40 et 150 mm, est compactée ainsi jusqu'à une hauteur comprise entre 10 et 30 mm. Pour le compactage, au lieu d'un moyen mécanique on peut utiliser également l'effet d'une dépression créée sous la nappe.Downstream, a pressure roller (7) rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis, transverse to the direction of movement, cooperating with a counter-roller (8) placed on the canvas, has the function of partially expelling the air from the tablecloth by reducing its thickness. It is important to expel this air, because it forms pockets opposing the subsequent penetration of the liquid. Immediately downstream of the compacting means, provision is made for the implementation of a vacuum under the sheet by means of a first suction slot (9), to prevent it from naturally re-inflating under the effect of elastic restoring forces exerted by the fibers themselves. In addition, the depression presses the fibers against the fabric and promotes the action of the liquid afterwards. The slot (9) is in communication with a vacuum source, not shown. The sheet resulting from this compacting means has undergone no other deformation than a reduction in height. Its homogeneity is not broken. For example, a tablecloth of unbleached cotton having, initially according to the grammage and the mode of forming, a thickness comprised between 40 and 150 mm, is thus compacted up to a height between 10 and 30 mm. For compaction, instead of a mechanical means, the effect of a vacuum created under the sheet can also be used.
Ensuite, la nappe passe dans le dispositif d'imprégnation proprement dit (10). Celui-ci (10) est composé de deux éléments : un distributeur (11) du liquide et un organe d'aspiration (13).Then, the ply passes into the actual impregnation device (10). This (10) is composed of two elements: a distributor (11) of the liquid and a suction member (13).
L'organe distributeur (10) est conçu pour délivrer le liquide sous la forme d'un rideau, ou lame, transversal au sens de déplacement de la nappe, le liquide étant mis en mouvement par l'action de la simple gravité. Par lame ou rideau, on comprend une répartition uniforme du liquide sens travers, sans solution de continuité. A l'aplomb de la zone d'impact du liquide, on a prévu un organe d'aspiration (13) constitué par une fente d'aspiration de largeur déterminée, et dont la hauteur de vide est choisie de façon à pouvoir contrôler le taux d'exprimage du liquide dans la nappe.The dispensing member (10) is designed to deliver the liquid in the form of a curtain, or blade, transverse to the direction of movement of the sheet, the liquid being set in motion by the action of simple gravity. By blade or curtain, we understand a uniform distribution of the liquid crosswise, with no continuity. Above the liquid impact zone, a suction member (13) is provided, consisting of a suction slot of determined width, the vacuum height of which is chosen so as to be able to control the rate for expressing the liquid in the sheet.
En se reportant à la figure (2), qui est une représentation en perspective cavalière du dispositif (10) coupé dans le sens du déplacement du tapis (4), on note que le distributeur (11) comprend une zone d'accumulation de liquide, séparée en deux compartiments (113, 114) par une cloison transversale (112) percée d'orifices mettant en communication les 2 compartiments (113,114). Le premier compartiment est alimenté en liquide par une canalisation et alimente le compartiment (114). Cette disposition permet de réduire les turbulences à l'intérieur de ce dernier compartiment. Sur sa paroi extérieure, on a prévu un déversoir (115) de forme cylindrique convexe, dont les génératrices sont horizontales et orientées perpendiculairement au sens de défilement de la nappe. Le bord libre du déversoir est dentelé, c'est-à-dire qu'il est pourvu de saillies pointues (115') dans le prolongement de sa surface, dans le but de faciliter le décollement du liquide de la surface du déversoir. La courbure du déversoir est choisie de façon que le liquide s'écoulant par trop-plein depuis le compartiment (114) forme un flux laminaire à filets de courant aussi parallèles que possible. La tangente du déversoir à son bord libre est de préférence sensiblement verticale. L'état de surface est également un facteur à prendre en considération; il est choisi lisse pour réduire les perturbations. Le flux issu du déversoir forme ainsi un rideau, ou lame, liquide continu dans sa direction transversale et sensiblement plan. Afin de réduire le rétrécissement de la lame liquide entre le déversoir et son impact sur la nappe, on peut prévoir de ménager, près des bords latéraux, de fines rainures en surface du déversoir, orientées dans le sens des filets fluides, ou bien des lamelles de guidage le long desquelles les filets fluides restent collés.Referring to Figure (2), which is a perspective representation of the device (10) cut in the direction of movement of the belt (4), it is noted that the dispenser (11) includes a liquid accumulation zone , separated into two compartments (113, 114) by a transverse partition (112) pierced with orifices connecting the 2 compartments (113,114). The first compartment is supplied with liquid by a pipe and supplies the compartment (114). This arrangement makes it possible to reduce turbulence inside this latter compartment. On its outer wall, there is provided a weir (115) of convex cylindrical shape, whose generatrices are horizontal and oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web. The free edge of the weir is serrated, that is to say it is provided with pointed projections (115 ') in the extension of its surface, in order to facilitate the detachment of the liquid from the surface of the weir. The curvature of the weir is chosen so that the liquid flowing from the overflow from the compartment (114) forms a laminar flow with streams of current as parallel as possible. The tangent of the weir at its free edge is preferably substantially vertical. The surface condition is also a factor to take into consideration; it is chosen smooth to reduce disturbances. The flow from the weir thus forms a curtain, or blade, a continuous liquid in its transverse direction and substantially planar. In order to reduce the narrowing of the liquid blade between the weir and its impact on the web, provision may be made, near the lateral edges, for fine grooves on the surface of the weir, oriented in the direction of the fluid threads, or else lamellae guide along which the fluid threads remain glued.
A l'aplomb du déversoir (115). sous le tapis (4) on a prévu une fente d'aspiration (13) qui lui est parallèle, communiquant avec une source de vide. La taille de l'ouverture de la fente est déterminée de façon à exercer une aspiration d'une durée suffisante quand la nappe passe à son niveau. Elle s'étend donc en aval du déversoir sur une distance déterminée fonction de la nature de défilement de la nappe.Plumb with the weir (115). under the carpet (4) there is provided a suction slot (13) which is parallel to it, communicating with a source of vacuum. The size of the opening of the slit is determined so as to exert a suction of sufficient duration when the sheet passes at its level. It therefore extends downstream of the weir over a distance determined as a function of the nature of movement of the sheet.
La dépression engendrée par la fente est choisie de façon à être suffisante pour essorer la nappe. Par ailleurs, on a constaté que l'on pouvait contrôler le taux d'exprimage de la nappe en réglant uniquement le niveau de dépression, quand le débit de liquide excédait un seuil.The depression generated by the slot is chosen so as to be sufficient to wring out the sheet. Furthermore, it has been found that it is possible to control the rate of expression of the sheet by adjusting only the level of vacuum, when the liquid flow rate exceeds a threshold.
Cette propriété est illustrée par les exemples suivants :This property is illustrated by the following examples:
On a préparé une nappe de coton de largeur 0,56 m (L) dont le grammage à sec (M) était de 250-260 g/m², et déposé sur un tapis se déplaçant à une vitesse (V) de 25 m/min. On a déversé avec le dispositif décrit de l'eau légèrement colorée. La fente d'aspiration avait une largeur de 30 mm et la dépression était de 90 mb (vide relatif). On a fait varier progressivement le débit (D) de l'eau déversée. On constate qu'à partir d'un seuil de taux déversé (Td) correspondant à environ 600 %, le taux d'exprimage (E), ou d'emport. varie très peu. La courbe Td = f(E) devient asymptotique.A cotton tablecloth with a width of 0.56 m (L), the dry grammage (M) of which was 250-260 g / m², was prepared and laid on a carpet moving at a speed (V) of 25 m / min. Lightly colored water was poured out with the device described. The suction slot was 30 mm wide and the vacuum was 90 mb (relative vacuum). The flow rate (D) of the discharged water was gradually varied. It can be seen that from a spilled rate threshold (Td) corresponding to around 600%, the expressing rate (E), or take-up rate. varies very little. The curve Td = f (E) becomes asymptotic.
Le taux déversé (Td) est le rapport exprimé en pourcentage entre la masse de liquide déversée et la masse de fibres défilant sous la masse dudit liquide.
On a traité de la même façon qu'à l'exemple 1 un nontissé aiguilleté en fibres de viscose.
M = 145 g/m²
V = 25 m/min
Dépression : 85 mbA needled nonwoven of viscose fibers was treated in the same way as in Example 1.
M = 145 g / m²
V = 25 m / min
Depression: 85 mb
La variation du taux d'exprimage (E) en fonction du taux déversé est reportée dans le tableau suivant :
En traçant la courbe E = f(Td) on peut déterminer le seuil à partir duquel E ne varie que très faiblement. Dans cet exemple, il se situe à 1000 % - 1200 % .By plotting the curve E = f (Td) we can determine the threshold from which E varies only very slightly. In this example, it is 1000% - 1200%.
On a traité de la même façon qu'à l'exemple 1 un jersey de coton
M = 140 g/m²
V = 25 m/min
Dépression : 90 mb
M = 140 g / m²
V = 25 m / min
Depression: 90 mb
Graphiquement on détermine que le seuil se situe aux environs de Td = 600 % .Graphically, it is determined that the threshold is around Td = 600%.
Les exemples suivants illustrent comment on peut contrôler le taux d'exprimage ou d'emport (en %) en fonction de la dépression (δP) créée sous la nappe, pour 3 types différents de nappe.
- Solution
- : Eau + agent mouillant (5 g/l)
- Débit
- : 1200 l/h, largeur 0.5 m
- Vitesse
- : 3 m/min
- Fente
- : 30 mm soit un temps d'aspiration de 0.6 s. Au-delà de cette valeur la durée d'aspiration n'a pratiquement plus d'in- fluence sur le taux d'exprimage.
- Solution
- : Water + wetting agent (5 g / l)
- Debit
- Speed: 1200 l / h, width 0.5 m
- Speed
- : 3 m / min
- Slot
- : 30 mm i.e. a suction time of 0.6 s. Beyond this value, the suction duration has practically no more influence on the rate of expression.
On décrit ci-après une installation complète de blanchiment des fibres de coton écru mettant en oeuvre le procédé d'imprégnation de l'invention, en relation avec la figure 3.A complete installation for bleaching unbleached cotton fibers using the impregnation process of the invention is described below, in relation to FIG. 3.
Le procédé de blanchiment consiste à ouvrir, nettoyer, effectuer le cas échéant le mélange de coton de différentes origines et qualités, et à former en (21) une nappe comprise entre 50 et 1000 g/m², de préférence entre 100 et 600 g/m² par tout moyen convenable, mécanique (carde) et/ou pneumatique.The bleaching process consists of opening, cleaning, if necessary blending cotton of different origins and qualities, and in forming (21) a sheet of between 50 and 1000 g / m², preferably between 100 and 600 g / m² by any suitable means, mechanical (carding) and / or pneumatic.
Cette nappe est supportée et entraînée par un tapis à travers les différents postes de traitement.This sheet is supported and driven by a belt through the various treatment stations.
On l'imprègne en (22) selon le moyen de l'invention avec une solution de débouillissage (soude avec mouillant) tout en contrôlant le taux d'exprimage par le vide créé au niveau de la fente aspirante. Le vide est de l'ordre de 100 mbars:It is impregnated in (22) according to the means of the invention with a scouring solution (soda with wetting agent) while controlling the rate of expression by the vacuum created at the suction slot. The vacuum is around 100 mbar:
On introduit la nappe dans un vaporiseur (23) chauffé à une température voisine de 100°C dans lequel elle séjourne, tout en restant continue grâce à un moyen de stockage approprié, pendant une durée déterminée fonction de la liqueur et du taux d'emport.The tablecloth is introduced into a vaporizer (23) heated to a temperature close to 100 ° C. in which it remains, while remaining continuous thanks to an appropriate storage means, for a determined period depending on the liquor and the take-up rate. .
On la rince ensuite et on extrait le jus de débouillissage au moyen d'une deuxième lame liquide (24) et d'une fente à vide associée à un vide moyen (100 à 350 mbars).It is then rinsed and the boiling juice is extracted by means of a second liquid blade (24) and a vacuum slot associated with a medium vacuum (100 to 350 mbar).
On imprègne la nappe débouillie hydrophile, avec une solution de blanchiment (eau oxygénée avec de la soude essentiellement) au moyen d'un troisième dispositif à lame liquide et fente à vide (25).The hydrophilic scoured sheet is impregnated with a bleaching solution (hydrogen peroxide with sodium hydroxide essentially) by means of a third device with a liquid blade and a vacuum slit (25).
On introduit à nouveau la nappe dans un vaporiseur (26) chauffé à une température voisine de 100°C dans lequel elle séjourne grâce à un moyen de stockage approprié, durant un temps suffisant long pour que le blanchiment soit effectif.The sheet is again introduced into a vaporizer (26) heated to a temperature close to 100 ° C. in which it stays thanks to an appropriate storage means, for a time long enough for the bleaching to be effective.
Ensuite on rince la nappe au moyen d'une succession de lames liquides associées à des fentes aspirantes (27).Then the sheet is rinsed by means of a succession of liquid blades associated with suction slots (27).
Enfin on extrait en (28) le maximum d'eau contenu dans la nappe, et on la sèche dans un four (29) qui est de préférence à air traversant.Finally, the maximum amount of water contained in the sheet is extracted at (28), and it is dried in an oven (29) which is preferably through air.
La nappe peut être utilisée directement pour la fabrication de coton hydrophile paqueté ou bien être transformée en fibres après déchiquetage pour la réalisation de produits non tissés.The tablecloth can be used directly for the manufacture of packaged hydrophilic cotton or else be transformed into fibers after shredding for the production of nonwoven products.
L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation représentés. Elle englobe tous les équivalents et toutes les applications à la portée de l'homme du métier.The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown. It includes all equivalents and all applications within the reach of the skilled person.
Claims (12)
- Process for impregnating a fibrous woven, knitted or nonwoven sheet with an aqueous liquid notably of the type containing a treatment agent, according to which the sheet is deposited on an endless web permeable to liquids, the said liquid is applied to the sheet and, by means of a vacuum slot disposed below the web, a negative pressure is created sufficient for at least some of the said liquid to pass through the sheet, characterised in that the liquid is poured by gravity onto the sheet in the form of a liquid sheet or curtain transverse to the direction of travel of the sheet and the amount of liquid poured, defined with respect to the weight of the sheet passing under the said curtain, is greater than a given value as from which the carrying capacity is a function of the said negative pressure and independent of the quantity poured, so as to allow a homogeneous impregnation and easy control of the carrying capacity.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the liquid sheet is obtained by means of a liquid distribution device provided with an overflow of a width at least equal to the width of the sheet to be impregnated, by which the liquid is spread out in the form of a continuous curtain.
- Process according to Claim 2, characterised in that the said overflow is formed by a metal sheet with a convex cylindrical profile, the downstream edge of which is serrated in order to facilitate the detachment of the liquid curtain.
- Process according to one of Claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the overflow has grooves oriented in the direction of flow of the liquid, provided close to the lateral edges.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the said value of the amount of liquid poured is between 300% and 1500%.
- Impregnation process according to Claim 5, characterised in that the carrying capacity is between 40% and 400%.
- Process according to Claim 6 for impregnating an unbound fibrous sheet such as a raw cotton sheet, characterised in that the carrying capacity is between 150% and 400% and preferably between 250% and 300%.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims for impregnating an unbound fibrous sheet such as a raw cotton sheet, characterised in that it consists, before effecting the said impregnation, of:- forming a sheet by mechanical and/or air means from bulk fibres and depositing it on the said endless web conveyor,- reducing the thickness of the sheet by a compacting means, notably a mechanical means, or by the effect of a negative pressure created below the sheet.
- Process according to Claim 8, characterised in that the sheet has a weight of between 20 and 1000 g/m².
- Process according to Claim 8, characterised in that the compacting is effected by the application of a pressure cylinder.
- Process according to one of Claims 8 or 10, characterised in that a negative pressure is created underneath the sheet in the gap between the compacting means and the impregnation means.
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 11 for the continuous treatment of raw cotton fibres, which notably comprises the stages of:- opening and mechanical cleaning of the fibres- formation of a sheet and its conveyance by endless belt- impregnation with a boiling solution- boiling- rinsing, elimination of liquid- impregnation with a bleaching solution- bleaching- rinsing, elimination of liquid- oiling where necessary- dryingcharacterised in that it is applied to at least one of the said impregnation and rinsing operations.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR909004647A FR2660942B1 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1990-04-11 | CONTINUOUS IMPREGNATION PROCESS OF A TEXTILE TABLECLOTH. |
FR9004647 | 1990-04-11 | ||
PCT/FR1991/000290 WO1991015622A1 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1991-04-10 | Process for impregnating a textile fabric |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0524268A1 EP0524268A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
EP0524268B1 true EP0524268B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP91908815A Expired - Lifetime EP0524268B1 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1991-04-10 | Process for impregnating a textile fabric |
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US (1) | US5509161A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0524268B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE108229T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7752591A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2080487C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69102763T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2057890T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2660942B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991015622A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5486381A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-01-23 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Liquid saturation process |
FR2730248B1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1997-03-21 | Kaysersberg Sa | PROCESS FOR TREATING A TABLE OF CELLULOSIC FIBERS |
BR9914807A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Kimberly Clark Co | Porous substrates chemically treated and process to manufacture them |
US6887312B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 | 2005-05-03 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Applicator |
DE10110633A1 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-19 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | applicator |
US6649262B2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2003-11-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wet roll having uniform composition distribution |
US7101587B2 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2006-09-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for wetting and winding a substrate |
US20030113458A1 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-06-19 | Kimberly Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method for increasing absorption rate of aqueous solution into a basesheet |
US6866220B2 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2005-03-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Continuous motion coreless roll winder |
US20040117916A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | Polanco Braulio Arturo | Non-destructive treatment process with uniform coverage |
US7662252B2 (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2010-02-16 | Johns Manville | Method for producing a reinforced polyester non-woven material |
AT504649B1 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2008-07-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Device for treatment of fiber composition with treatment fluid, has distribution device for treatment fluid with pressure chamber and fiber transport device for fiber composition, which is permeable to treatment fluid |
BE1028202B1 (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2021-11-10 | Finipur Bvba | ANTI-POLLEN FILTER CLOTH FOR THE DENATURING OF ALLERGENS AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE |
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GB935570A (en) * | 1960-12-30 | 1963-08-28 | Labatt Ltd John | Continuous lautering of brewers' wort |
GB1054548A (en) * | 1963-11-13 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3426908A (en) * | 1964-08-14 | 1969-02-11 | Eimco Corp | Horizontal vacuum filter |
GB1220070A (en) * | 1967-03-16 | 1971-01-20 | Hokkai Seishi Kabushiki Kaisha | A device for continuous manufacture of patterned paper |
FR1531230A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1968-06-28 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | Process and installation for the continuous dyeing of fluffy fabrics, in particular carpets, as well as products obtained by said process or the like |
GB1186124A (en) * | 1967-09-27 | 1970-04-02 | Bruckner Trockentechnik Komman | A Device for the Treatment of a Continuous Fabric Web with Fluid. |
DE2361517A1 (en) * | 1973-12-11 | 1975-06-12 | Kuesters Eduard | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SAMPLEING A SAMPLE GOODS CONTINUOUSLY IN A LINE |
DE2403815A1 (en) * | 1974-01-26 | 1975-08-07 | Kuesters Eduard | METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF TEXTILE, FLEECE AND SIMILAR WEBS |
US4076222A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-02-28 | Schaming Edward J | Runout cooling method and apparatus for metal rolling mills |
IT1088254B (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1985-06-10 | Conti Fulvio | FABRIC TREATMENT PLANT AND PROCEDURE |
GB2009803B (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1982-04-28 | Cotton Inc | Impregnator/rinser |
DE2757988C2 (en) * | 1977-12-24 | 1983-01-05 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Process for the continuous washing of printed textile fabrics |
US4154644A (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-05-15 | Georgia-Pacific Corporation | Pulp washer |
US4226097A (en) * | 1979-05-07 | 1980-10-07 | Artos Dr.-Ing Meier Windhorst Kg | Device for applying liquids onto a continuously-running web |
DE3012612A1 (en) * | 1980-04-01 | 1981-10-08 | Konrad Hornschuch Ag, 7119 Weissbach | Permeable material washing - has sprayed water on one side and suction on the other |
US4267795A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1981-05-19 | Crown Zellerbach Corporation | Liquid distributing apparatus |
DE3033945A1 (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1982-04-15 | Vepa AG, 4125 Riehen, Basel | Pile carpeting washing process - having two identical spray suction units to remove unfixed dyestuff |
US4398665A (en) * | 1982-06-18 | 1983-08-16 | West Point Pepperell, Inc. | Apparatus for uniformly applying either liquid or foam compositions to a moving web |
FR2534941A1 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-04-27 | Gall Jean Yves K | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR FORMING A WATERPROOF LAYER ON A FLEXIBLE FLOOR |
FR2540397A1 (en) * | 1983-02-04 | 1984-08-10 | Gaudfrin Guy | BELT FILTER COMPRISING AN AIR SUCTION DEVICE |
US4500032A (en) * | 1983-02-16 | 1985-02-19 | Universal Instruments Corporation | Method and apparatus for proper registration of mating parts |
US4539827A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1985-09-10 | Westvaco Corporation | Belt washing improvements |
US4608122A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1986-08-26 | Westvaco Corporation | Method for washing a paper fiber on a belt washer using a sonic frequency disturbance |
GB8504177D0 (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1985-03-20 | Delfilt Ltd | Filtering equipment |
US4719772A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1988-01-19 | Michael Scheck | Apparatus for removing ink particles from paper products |
AT385791B (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1988-05-10 | Andritz Ag Maschf | DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF AT LEAST TWO CONTINUOUS SCREEN TAPES OR THE LIKE. CONVEYOR EQUIPMENT GUIDED MATERIAL OR FABRIC RAIL |
US4908136A (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1990-03-13 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Method and apparatus for forming and ion-exchanging a filter cake |
-
1990
- 1990-04-11 FR FR909004647A patent/FR2660942B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-04-10 WO PCT/FR1991/000290 patent/WO1991015622A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-04-10 CA CA002080487A patent/CA2080487C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-10 ES ES91908815T patent/ES2057890T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 US US07/934,513 patent/US5509161A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-10 AT AT91908815T patent/ATE108229T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-10 AU AU77525/91A patent/AU7752591A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-04-10 DE DE69102763T patent/DE69102763T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-10 EP EP91908815A patent/EP0524268B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2660942B1 (en) | 1994-09-09 |
ATE108229T1 (en) | 1994-07-15 |
ES2057890T3 (en) | 1994-10-16 |
AU7752591A (en) | 1991-10-30 |
CA2080487C (en) | 2000-03-28 |
CA2080487A1 (en) | 1991-10-12 |
DE69102763T2 (en) | 1994-11-17 |
WO1991015622A1 (en) | 1991-10-17 |
DE69102763D1 (en) | 1994-08-11 |
FR2660942A1 (en) | 1991-10-18 |
EP0524268A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
US5509161A (en) | 1996-04-23 |
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