EP0495061A1 - Method for building an underground construction, particularly a vehicle park, while leaving in place obstacles such as trees. - Google Patents
Method for building an underground construction, particularly a vehicle park, while leaving in place obstacles such as trees.Info
- Publication number
- EP0495061A1 EP0495061A1 EP91914509A EP91914509A EP0495061A1 EP 0495061 A1 EP0495061 A1 EP 0495061A1 EP 91914509 A EP91914509 A EP 91914509A EP 91914509 A EP91914509 A EP 91914509A EP 0495061 A1 EP0495061 A1 EP 0495061A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- obstacles
- elements
- trees
- periphery
- buried
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of constructing a buried structure, in particular a parking lot, preserving obstacles at least partially buried in the periphery of the structure, such as trees.
- the current useful width of an underground car park is approximately 15 meters.
- a central aisle of 5 meters provides access to two lateral rows of opposite parking spaces of 5 meters each.
- Figure 1 shows a buried parking lot 1 with its slab 2 and its pedestals 3, buried under a public road lined with buildings 5, a row of trees 6 being planted between each edge of the lane 4 and the adjacent building 5.
- the hatchings show the locations which must be freed for the production of the buried structure 1.
- structure 1 therefore requires that the trees bordering the public road be sacrificed.
- the present invention aims to overcome this drawback.
- the invention relates to a method of constructing a buried structure, in particular a parking lot, preserving obstacles at least partially buried on the periphery or above the structure such as trees , characterized by the fact that, before the digging of the structure, a curtain of elongated elements for supporting obstacles is produced, said elements being driven into the ground substantially at the periphery of the latter towards the outside of this last and under said obstacles.
- the support is produced from the surface in an inclined plane with respect to the vertical, thus allowing the construction of underground parks or other buried structures without uprooting the trees or intercepting their roots or damaging their antlers.
- the support elements are preferably spaced transversely, the cohesion of the ground preventing it from flowing between the support elements.
- the ground can be treated, for example by the methods described in documents FR-A-2 528 441, FR-A-2 583 441 or FR-A- 2 585 698, these non-hazardous processes for tree survival.
- an excavation is carried out at the periphery of the obstacles to be supported and the support beams are engaged from this excavation under the obstacles to be supported.
- the support beams can be inclined or even substantially horizontal. They can rest on load-bearing elements which are used to hold the walls of the excavation.
- FIG. 1 is a section illustrating the problem posed
- FIG. 2 is a view in half cross-section of a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a half view from above, corresponding to FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the finished structure
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
- Horizontal support beams are then fixed to the bars 8 by any suitable means, for example by embedding or using metal inserts.
- These horizontal beams are for example produced in the form of concrete beams 9 as shown in FIG. 2, or in the form of metal beams 9 'as shown in FIG. 3.
- the oblique retaining elements are then placed in the ground, for example at an angle of 45 °, which in the present case consist of metal tubes 10.
- the insertion of the tubes 10 is preferably carried out by drilling to avoid any impact or vibration on the environment.
- the length of the tubes 10 is such that they cannot damage the foundations of the waterfront buildings 5.
- the tubes 10 are also inserted in such a way that they do not risk intercepting the hemisphere 7 of the roots of the trees 6.
- FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the support elements 10 are arranged in a substantially horizontal manner below the obstacles which are located above the structure to be constructed.
- first of all vertical walls are molded into the ground 11, 12 and 13, by usual techniques. These walls are made along lines which do not include obstacles on the ground surface.
- the part of the structure which is situated to the left of the wall 12 comprises obstacles schematically represented such as trees or pipes which must be preserved, while the part situated to the right of the wall 12 does not have one.
- the supporting elements 10 are put in place which can be constituted by tubes or beams that one engages in substantially horizontal cavities, which are produced below the obstacles.
- the left end of the retaining elements is embedded in the wall 13 and in the ground which is located to the left of the latter, while the right end of the elements 10 is supported by the wall 12 which constitutes the support element vertical.
- a beam 9 is advantageously produced, arranged perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 5, which joins the ends of the supporting elements 10 and which stiffens the upper part of the wall 12.
- the excavation of a first level next to the obstacles which have to be supported makes it possible to place the support elements in a horizontal or substantially horizontal position, below the so-called obstacles, which in certain cases makes it possible to significantly increase the useful volume below said obstacles.
- the invention makes it possible to save obstacles such as trees which are situated both at the periphery and at the center of the right-of-way of the underground structure to be built.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Ladders (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
A method is provided for building an underground construction, particularly a vehicle park, while leaving in place obstacles which are at least partially buried around the edge of the construction, e.g. trees. Before digging is begun, a curtain of elongate retaining elements for the obstacles is constructed from the surface, said elements being driven into the ground substantially around the edge of the construction, so as to be inclined outwards underneath said obstacles (6).
Description
Procédé άe ^construction d'un ouvrage enterré, notamment d_'ιιn _£arc_d_e_stationnement, préservant des obstacles tels que des arbres.Method constructione ^ construction of a buried structure, in particular d_'ιιn _ £ arc_d_e_stationnement, preserving obstacles such as trees.
La présente invention concerne un procédé de construction d'un ouvrage enterré, notamment d'un parc de stationnement, préservant des obstacles au moins partiellement enterrés de la périphérie de l'ouvrage tels que des arbres.The present invention relates to a method of constructing a buried structure, in particular a parking lot, preserving obstacles at least partially buried in the periphery of the structure, such as trees.
La largeur utile courante d'un parc de stationnement souterrain est d'environ 15 mètres. Une allée centrale de 5 mètres permet d'accéder à deux rangées latérales de places de stationnement en vis-à-vis de 5 mètres chacune.The current useful width of an underground car park is approximately 15 meters. A central aisle of 5 meters provides access to two lateral rows of opposite parking spaces of 5 meters each.
La construction de la dalle supérieure et/ou celle des piédroits de l'ouvrage nécessite en général que l'espace sous-terrain situé au-dessus de celui-ci soit libre ou libéré temporairement pendant la période des travaux, sauf si ceux-ci sont effectués suivant les techniques minières traditionnelles anciennes, peu mécanisées et donc coûteuses.The construction of the upper slab and / or that of the pedestals of the structure generally requires that the underground space located above it be free or temporarily freed during the period of the works, unless these are carried out using old traditional mining techniques, which are not very mechanized and therefore expensive.
De même, il est nécessaire pour les engins de forage ou de manutention que l'espace aérien situé au-dessus de l'ouvrage à construire soit dégagé de tout obstacle pour des raisons de sécurité et de commodité.Likewise, it is necessary for drilling or handling equipment that the air space situated above the structure to be constructed be clear of any obstacle for reasons of safety and convenience.
Lorsqu'un ouvrage sousterrain tel qu'un parc de stationnement doit être aménagé sous la voie publique, il se trouve fréquemment que la distance entre les deux rangées d'arbres bordant cette voie soit justement de l'ordre de 15 mètres. Il en résulte par conséquent que les racines de ces arbres occupent l'espace sous-terrain situé au niveau des piédroits de l'ouvrage et que les volumes aériens .occupés par leurs ramures sont interceptés par les engins de forage et de manutention.When an underground structure such as a parking lot has to be built under the public road, it is often the case that the distance between the two rows of trees bordering this road is precisely around 15 meters. It follows therefore that the roots of these trees occupy the underground space located at the level of the pedestals of the structure and that the overhead volumes occupied by their antlers are intercepted by drilling and handling equipment.
La figure 1 représente un parc de stationnement enterré 1 avec sa dalle 2 et ses piédroits 3, enterré sous une voie publique bordée d'immeubles 5, une rangée d'arbres 6 étant plantée entre chaque bord de la voie 4 et l'immeuble adjacent 5. On a représenté en hachures les emplacements qui doivent être libérés pour la réalisation de l'ouvrage enterré 1.Figure 1 shows a buried parking lot 1 with its slab 2 and its pedestals 3, buried under a public road lined with buildings 5, a row of trees 6 being planted between each edge of the lane 4 and the adjacent building 5. The hatchings show the locations which must be freed for the production of the buried structure 1.
Parmi ces emplacements figurent notamment les arbres 6 dont les racines 7 occupent sensiblement une demi-sphère enterrée et les ramures une partie aérienne qui peut être assimilée à une sphère ou à un cylindre.
La construction de l'ouvrage 1 nécessite par conséquent qu soient sacrifiés les arbres bordant la voie publique.Among these locations are in particular the trees 6, the roots 7 of which occupy substantially a buried half-sphere and the branches an aerial part which can be likened to a sphere or to a cylinder. The construction of structure 1 therefore requires that the trees bordering the public road be sacrificed.
La présente invention vise à pallier cet inconvénient.The present invention aims to overcome this drawback.
A cet effet, l'invention à pour objet un procédé de construction d'un ouvrage enterré, notamment d'un parc de stationnement, préservant les obstacles au moins partiellement enterrés à la périphérie ou au-dessus de l'ouvrage tels que des arbres, caractérisé par le fait que l'on réalise, préalablement au creusement de l'ouvrage, un rideau d'éléments allongés de soutènement des obstacles, lesdits éléments étant enfoncés dans le sol sensiblement à la périphérie de ce dernier vers l'extérieur de ce dernier et sous lesdits obstacles.To this end, the invention relates to a method of constructing a buried structure, in particular a parking lot, preserving obstacles at least partially buried on the periphery or above the structure such as trees , characterized by the fact that, before the digging of the structure, a curtain of elongated elements for supporting obstacles is produced, said elements being driven into the ground substantially at the periphery of the latter towards the outside of this last and under said obstacles.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le soutènement est réalisé à partir de la surface selon un plan incliné par rapport à la verticale en permettant ainsi la construction de parcs souterrains ou autres ouvrages enterrés sans déraciner les arbres ni intercepter leurs racines ou endommager leur ramure.According to a first embodiment, the support is produced from the surface in an inclined plane with respect to the vertical, thus allowing the construction of underground parks or other buried structures without uprooting the trees or intercepting their roots or damaging their antlers.
Les éléments de soutènement sont de préférence espacés transversalement, la cohésion du terrain empêchant celui-ci de s'écouler entre les éléments de soutènement.The support elements are preferably spaced transversely, the cohesion of the ground preventing it from flowing between the support elements.
Dans le cas où .cette cohésion est insuffisante, on peut traiter le terrain, par exemple par les procédés décrits dans les documents FR-A-2 528 441, FR-A-2 583 441 ou FR-A- 2 585 698, ces procédés ne présentant aucun danger pour la survie des arbres.In the event that this cohesion is insufficient, the ground can be treated, for example by the methods described in documents FR-A-2 528 441, FR-A-2 583 441 or FR-A- 2 585 698, these non-hazardous processes for tree survival.
Dans ce mode de réalisation de l'invention, il est avantageux de réaliser des pieux sensiblement verticaux entre les obstacles, par exemple sous la forme de tronçons de parois - moulées sensiblement perpendiculaires à la périphérie de l'ouvrage, de fixer des poutres d'appui sensiblement horizontales sur lesdits pieux, et de mettre en appui sur lesdites poutres les extrémités supérieures des éléments de soutènement.In this embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous to make substantially vertical piles between the obstacles, for example in the form of sections of walls - molded substantially perpendicular to the periphery of the structure, to fix beams substantially horizontal support on said piles, and to put support on said beams the upper ends of the support elements.
Dans un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, on réalise une excavation à la périphérie des obstacles à soutenir et l'on engage à partir de cette excavation les poutres d'appui sous les obstacles à soutenir.In a second embodiment of the invention, an excavation is carried out at the periphery of the obstacles to be supported and the support beams are engaged from this excavation under the obstacles to be supported.
Dans ce cas, les poutres d'appui peuvent être inclinées ou même sensiblement horizontales. Elles peuvent reposer sur des éléments porteurs qui sont utilisés pour maintenir les parois de l'excavation.
On décrira maintenant à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, deux modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention en se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel :In this case, the support beams can be inclined or even substantially horizontal. They can rest on load-bearing elements which are used to hold the walls of the excavation. Two specific embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
- la figure 1 est une coupe illustrant le problème posé,FIG. 1 is a section illustrating the problem posed,
- la figure 2 est une vue en demi-coupe transversale d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,FIG. 2 is a view in half cross-section of a first embodiment of the invention,
- la figure 3 est une demi-vue de dessus, correspondant à la figure 2,FIG. 3 is a half view from above, corresponding to FIG. 2,
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale de l'ouvrage terminé,FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the finished structure,
- et la figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.- And Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention.
Si l'on se réfère aux figures 2 et 3 qui représentent la même voie publique 4 bordée d'arbres 6 que la figure 1, on voit comment selon le premier mode de réalisation l'on réalise entre les arbres 6 des pieux ou barrettes verticales 8 selon la technique bien connue des parois moulées.If we refer to Figures 2 and 3 which show the same public road 4 lined with trees 6 as in Figure 1, we see how according to the first embodiment we realize between the trees 6 piles or vertical bars 8 according to the well-known technique of diaphragm walls.
Ces barrettes 8 sont réalisées entre les arbres 6 de manière à ne pas les endommager et à ne pas intercepter leurs racines.These bars 8 are produced between the trees 6 so as not to damage them and not to intercept their roots.
Bien entendu, ces barrettes 8 qui ont pour objet de constituer des éléments supports verticaux pourraient être remplacées, par exemple par des pieux forés définitifs ou provisoires.Of course, these bars 8 which are intended to constitute vertical support elements could be replaced, for example by permanent or temporary bored piles.
Des poutres d'appui horizontales sont ensuite fixées sur les barrettes 8 par tout moyen convenable, par exemple par encastrement ou à l'aide d'inserts métalliques. Ces poutres horizontales sont par exemple réalisées sous la forme de poutres en béton 9 comme représenté à la figure 2, ou sous la forme de poutrelles métalliques 9' comme représenté à la figure 3.Horizontal support beams are then fixed to the bars 8 by any suitable means, for example by embedding or using metal inserts. These horizontal beams are for example produced in the form of concrete beams 9 as shown in FIG. 2, or in the form of metal beams 9 'as shown in FIG. 3.
On met ensuite en place dans le terrain les éléments de soutènement obliques suivant par exemple un angle de 45°, qui dans le cas présent sont constitués par des tubes métalliques 10. En milieu urbain, l'enfoncement des tubes 10 est de préférence effectué par forage afin d'éviter tout choc ou vibration sur l'environnement.The oblique retaining elements are then placed in the ground, for example at an angle of 45 °, which in the present case consist of metal tubes 10. In an urban environment, the insertion of the tubes 10 is preferably carried out by drilling to avoid any impact or vibration on the environment.
On voit sur la figure 2 comment les tubes 10 sont enfoncés perpendiculairement à la périphérie de l'ouvrage, en étant inclinés vers le bas en direction de l'extérieur de celui-ci, et comment leur extrémité supérieure est en appui sur les poutres horizontales 9.
- <-> -We see in Figure 2 how the tubes 10 are driven perpendicular to the periphery of the structure, being inclined downward towards the outside thereof, and how their upper end is supported on the horizontal beams 9. - <-> -
La longueur des tubes 10 est telle qu'ils ne puissent endommager les fondations des immeubles riverains 5.The length of the tubes 10 is such that they cannot damage the foundations of the waterfront buildings 5.
Les tubes 10 sont par ailleurs enfoncés de telle manière qu'ils ne risquent point d'intercepter la demi-sphère 7 des racines des arbres 6.The tubes 10 are also inserted in such a way that they do not risk intercepting the hemisphere 7 of the roots of the trees 6.
On comprend que, lors du creusement ultérieur de l'ouvrage, le terrain situé au-dessus des tubes 10 est soutenu par ces derniers qui se trouvent d'une part encastrés dans le sol à leur extrémité inférieure et d'autre part en appui sur les poutres 9 à leur partie supérieure.It is understood that, during the subsequent digging of the structure, the ground located above the tubes 10 is supported by the latter which are on the one hand embedded in the ground at their lower end and on the other hand resting on the beams 9 at their upper part.
On peut ensuite couler la dalle supérieure 2 de l'ouvrage, cette dalle incluant éventuellement les poutres horizontales 9 et 9', puis réaliser l'ouvrage sous-terrain par tout moyen connu à l'abri de cette dalle comme montré à la figure , le soutènement des terres et des arbres 6 étant réalisé par les tubes 10 qui constituent les éléments de soutènement.We can then pour the upper slab 2 of the structure, this slab possibly including the horizontal beams 9 and 9 ′, then make the underground structure by any known means sheltered from this slab as shown in the figure, the earth and tree support 6 being produced by the tubes 10 which constitute the support elements.
On a représenté sur la figure 5 un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel les éléments de soutènement 10 sont disposés d'une manière sensiblement horizontale en-dessous des obstacles qui sont situés au-dessus de l'ouvrage à construire.FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the support elements 10 are arranged in a substantially horizontal manner below the obstacles which are located above the structure to be constructed.
Dans ce second mode de réalisation, on réalise tout d'abord des parois verticales moulées dans le sol 11, 12 et 13, par des techniques habituelles. Ces parois sont réalisées selon des lignes qui ne comportent pas d'obstacles à la surface du sol.In this second embodiment, first of all vertical walls are molded into the ground 11, 12 and 13, by usual techniques. These walls are made along lines which do not include obstacles on the ground surface.
On voit sur la figure 5 que la partie de l'ouvrage qui est située à gauche de la paroi 12 comporte des obstacles schématiquement représentés tels que des arbres ou des canalisations qui doivent être conservés, alors que la partie située à droite de la paroi 12 n'en comporte pas.It can be seen in FIG. 5 that the part of the structure which is situated to the left of the wall 12 comprises obstacles schematically represented such as trees or pipes which must be preserved, while the part situated to the right of the wall 12 does not have one.
Comme représenté sur la figure 5, on a réalisé dans cette partie de droite les dalles 14 et 15 qui délimitent le volume 16.As shown in FIG. 5, the tiles 14 and 15 which delimit the volume 16 have been produced in this right-hand part.
Pour cette réalisation, on a d'abord excavé le terrain se trouvant au-dessus de l'emplaceπient de la dalle 14, ce qui a permis de réaliser cette dernière, puis on a excavé le volume 16, ce qui a permis la réalisation de la dalle 15, à la suite de quoi, le volume situé au-dessus de la dalle 14 a été ramblayé, ce qui a permis de libérer le terrain qui est au-dessus de~la dalle 14.For this realization, we first excavated the land located above the location of the slab 14, which made it possible, then we excavated the volume 16, which allowed the realization of the slab 15, as a result of which, the volume located above the slab 14 has been backfilled, which has made it possible to release the ground which is above ~ the slab 14.
A ce stade des travaux, l'on met en place les éléments de soutènement 10 qui peuvent être constitués par des tubes ou des poutrelles
que l'on engage dans des cavités sensiblement horizontales, qui sont réalisées en-dessous des obstacles.At this stage of the work, the supporting elements 10 are put in place which can be constituted by tubes or beams that one engages in substantially horizontal cavities, which are produced below the obstacles.
L'extrémité gauche des éléments de soutènement est encastrée dans la paroi 13 et dans le terrain qui est situé à gauche de cette dernière, alors que l'extrémité droite des éléments 10 se trouve supportée par la paroi 12 qui constitue l'élément de support vertical.The left end of the retaining elements is embedded in the wall 13 and in the ground which is located to the left of the latter, while the right end of the elements 10 is supported by the wall 12 which constitutes the support element vertical.
On réalise avantageusement une poutre 9, disposée perpendiculairement au plan de la figure 5, qui réunit les extrémités des éléments de soutènement 10 et qui rigidifie la partie haute de la paroi 12.A beam 9 is advantageously produced, arranged perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 5, which joins the ends of the supporting elements 10 and which stiffens the upper part of the wall 12.
Le terrain étant ainsi maintenu au-dessus des éléments de soutènement 10, il est possible de procéder à l'excavation du volume 17 qui est situé en-dessous de cette partie du terrain, ce qui permet ensuite Δe réaliser la dalle 18 qui est située immédiatement au-dessous des éléments de soutènement 10 et qui est supportée par les parois 12 et 13.The ground being thus maintained above the supporting elements 10, it is possible to excavate the volume 17 which is located below this part of the ground, which then makes it possible to make the slab 18 which is located immediately below the supporting elements 10 and which is supported by the walls 12 and 13.
On peut alors couler la partie gauche de la dalle 15 et après des fouilles successives, les planchers des étages inférieurs.We can then pour the left part of the slab 15 and after successive excavations, the floors of the lower floors.
On voit que selon ce second mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'excavation d'un premier niveau à côté des obstacles qui doivent être soutenus, permet de placer les éléments de soutènement dans une position horizontale ou sensiblement horizontale, en-dessous des dits obstacles, ce qui, dans certains cas, permet d'augmenter notablement le volume utile en-dessous desditε obstacles.It can be seen that according to this second embodiment of the invention, the excavation of a first level next to the obstacles which have to be supported, makes it possible to place the support elements in a horizontal or substantially horizontal position, below the so-called obstacles, which in certain cases makes it possible to significantly increase the useful volume below said obstacles.
On comprend ainsi que le procédé selon l'invention permet la libération quasi-totale de l'emprise de l'ouvrage, à l'exception des trémies d'accès au chantier.It is thus understood that the method according to the invention allows almost complete release of the footprint of the structure, with the exception of the access hoppers to the site.
Diverses variantes et modifications peuvent bien entendu être apportées à la description qui précède sans sortir pour autant du cadre ni de l'esprit de l'invention.Various variants and modifications can of course be made to the above description without departing from the scope or the spirit of the invention.
On comprend en particulier que l'invention permet de sauvegarder des obstacles tels que des arbres qui sont situés aussi bien à la périphérie qu'au centre de l'emprise de l'ouvrage sous-terrain à construire.
It is understood in particular that the invention makes it possible to save obstacles such as trees which are situated both at the periphery and at the center of the right-of-way of the underground structure to be built.
Claims
REVENDICATIONS
1 - Procédé de construction d'un ouvrage enterré, notammen d'un parc de stationnement, préservant les obstacles au moins partiellemen enterrés à la périphérie ou au-dessus de l'ouvrage tels que les arbres caractérisé par le fait que l'on réalise, préalablement au creusement d l'ouvrage, un rideau d'éléments allongés de soutènement (10) des obstacles, lesdits éléments (10) étant placés dans le sol sensiblement à la périphéri de l'ouvrage vers l'extérieur de ce dernier et sous lesdits obstacles (6,7).1 - Method for constructing a buried structure, in particular a parking lot, preserving obstacles at least partially buried at the periphery or above the structure such as trees, characterized by the fact that one realizes , prior to the digging of the structure, a curtain of elongated elements for supporting obstacles (10), said elements (10) being placed in the ground substantially at the periphery of the structure towards the outside of the latter and under said obstacles (6,7).
2 - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fai que ledits éléments de soutènement (10) sont espacés transversalement.2 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the said support elements (10) are spaced transversely.
3 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'emplacement du rideau d'éléments d soutènement (10), le sol est traité par injection d'un produit augmentant s cohésion.3 - Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at the location of the curtain of support elements (10), the soil is treated by injection of a product increasing cohesion.
4 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'on réalise des pieux (8) sensiblement verticaux entre les obstacles, que- l'on fixe des poutres d'appui (9, 9') sensiblement horizontales sur lesdits pieux, et que l'on met en appui sur lesdites poutres, les extrémités des éléments de soutènement (10) qui sont dirigées vers l'intérieur de l'ouvrage.4 - Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one realizes piles (8) substantially vertical between the obstacles, that- one fixes support beams (9, 9 ' ) substantially horizontal on said piles, and that is supported on said beams, the ends of the support elements (10) which are directed towards the inside of the structure.
5 - Procédé selon la revendication , caractérisé par le fait que les pieux (8) sont réalisés sous la forme de tronçons de parois moulées sensiblement perpendiculaires à la périphérie de l'ouvrage.5 - Method according to claim, characterized in that the piles (8) are made in the form of sections of molded walls substantially perpendicular to the periphery of the structure.
6 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de soutènement (10) sont mis en place en étant inclinés par exemple à 45° à partir de la surface du terrain en un point situé en dehors des obstacles (6,7) à sauvegarder.6 - Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining elements (10) are set up by being inclined for example at 45 ° from the surface of the ground at a point located outside the obstacles (6,7) to save.
7 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de soutènement (10) sont mis en place dans une position sensiblement horizontale à partir d'une excavation (16), réalisée en dehors des obstacles (6,7) à sauvegarder.7 - Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the retaining elements (10) are put in place in a substantially horizontal position from an excavation (16), made outside of obstacles (6,7) to save.
8 - Ouvrage enterré, fabriqué par le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un rideau d'éléments de soutènement (10) situés en dessous des obstacles (6,7) à sauvegarder.
9 - Ouvrage enterré selon la revendication δ, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de soutènement (10) sont supportés par des poteaux verticaux (8) réunis à leurs parties supérieures par une poutre horizontale (9).
8 - Buried work, manufactured by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a curtain of retaining elements (10) located below the obstacles (6,7) to be saved . 9 - Underground structure according to claim δ, characterized in that the support elements (10) are supported by vertical posts (8) joined at their upper parts by a horizontal beam (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9009837 | 1990-08-01 | ||
| FR9009837A FR2665466A1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1990-08-01 | PROCESS FOR CONSTRUCTING AN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY A PARKING PARK, PRESERVING OBSTACLES SUCH AS TREES. |
| PCT/FR1991/000632 WO1992002692A1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1991-07-31 | Method for building an underground construction, particularly a vehicle park, while leaving in place obstacles such as trees |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0495061A1 true EP0495061A1 (en) | 1992-07-22 |
| EP0495061B1 EP0495061B1 (en) | 1995-05-10 |
Family
ID=9399316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91914509A Expired - Lifetime EP0495061B1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1991-07-31 | Method for building an underground construction, particularly a vehicle park, while leaving in place obstacles such as trees |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0495061B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE122427T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE69109650T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0495061T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2033601T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2665466A1 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR920300127T1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992002692A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3501128C3 (en) * | 1985-01-15 | 1998-11-12 | Keller Grundbau Gmbh | Sealing for the execution of underground structures |
| DE3718631A1 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-22 | Gkn Keller Gmbh | Combined injection method as well as apparatus for producing a highly consolidated soil volume while simultaneously stabilising the adjacent soil |
-
1990
- 1990-08-01 FR FR9009837A patent/FR2665466A1/en active Granted
-
1991
- 1991-07-31 DK DK91914509.4T patent/DK0495061T3/en active
- 1991-07-31 EP EP91914509A patent/EP0495061B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-31 AT AT91914509T patent/ATE122427T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-31 DE DE69109650T patent/DE69109650T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-31 WO PCT/FR1991/000632 patent/WO1992002692A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-07-31 DE DE199191914509T patent/DE495061T1/en active Pending
- 1991-07-31 ES ES91914509T patent/ES2033601T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-03-16 GR GR920300127T patent/GR920300127T1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9202692A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2665466A1 (en) | 1992-02-07 |
| WO1992002692A1 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
| DE495061T1 (en) | 1992-11-26 |
| DK0495061T3 (en) | 1995-09-04 |
| GR920300127T1 (en) | 1993-03-16 |
| EP0495061B1 (en) | 1995-05-10 |
| FR2665466B1 (en) | 1994-08-19 |
| ES2033601T1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| DE69109650D1 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
| DE69109650T2 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
| ES2033601T3 (en) | 1995-07-16 |
| ATE122427T1 (en) | 1995-05-15 |
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