EP0390705B1 - Plastic wrench with metal insert - Google Patents

Plastic wrench with metal insert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0390705B1
EP0390705B1 EP90420105A EP90420105A EP0390705B1 EP 0390705 B1 EP0390705 B1 EP 0390705B1 EP 90420105 A EP90420105 A EP 90420105A EP 90420105 A EP90420105 A EP 90420105A EP 0390705 B1 EP0390705 B1 EP 0390705B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
opening
metal insert
walls
jaws
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EP90420105A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0390705A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Pierre Demurger
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Demurger et Cie
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Demurger et Cie
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/02—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws
    • B25B13/08—Spanners; Wrenches with rigid jaws of open jaw type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved clamping wrench made of plastic, the clamping head of which comprises a submerged metal insert, forming a clamping jaw or jaw.
  • a nut wrench the handle of which is made of a light metal, and the head of which is made of steel.
  • the head is attached to the handle by mechanical means, and in particular rivets.
  • the handle and the head have recesses.
  • the invention overcomes these drawbacks. It aims at an improved key of the type in question, that is to say plastic, which is easy to manufacture and does not have the above drawbacks. It relates more particularly to a key of the type in question which is light, easy to manufacture, even in small series, but whose performance is comparable to that of existing metal keys, and which makes it possible to obtain performance at least equal to that of standards currently in force.
  • the invention consists in providing the walls of the hard and resilient metallic insert, slightly protruding from the lateral faces of the opening of the head, and in having determined an optimal ratio between the thickness of the insert and that of the clamping head itself, so that, when tightening (or loosening), the stresses are essentially concentrated on the insert itself and no longer on the clamping head proper, which allows to reach the required industrial standards, between Nm 45 to 60.
  • Figure 1 shows a top view of a flat key according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top view representation of an insert characteristic of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a clamping head characteristic of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a section along the axis IV-IV 'of Figure 1.
  • the flat key designated by the general reference (1) shown in Figure 1 is a key substantially to scale, with openings: 22/24. It essentially consists of a handle (2) and two clamping heads, respectively (3) and (4) each having an opening (5) and (6).
  • the opening (5) (see Figure 3) is intended to receive a bolt or nut (7) of 22, while the opening (6) is intended to receive a nut, bolt or the like of 24.
  • the handle (2) and the heads (3,4) are made of polyarylamide loaded with 60% by weight of glass fibers, sold by SOLVET under the registered trademark "IXEF".
  • each of these openings (5,6) has a pentagonal shape, symmetrical with respect to the median axis (I, I ′) (see FIG. 3), and comprises a metal insert (10,11) embedded in a head (3,4).
  • These inserts (10,11) are made of 35 CD4 steel, with a hardness coefficient of 48 HRC.
  • inserts (10,11) have a general hexagonal shape, irregular, but also symmetrical with respect to the median axis (I, I ') of the opening (5,6) (see Figures 2 and 3).
  • connections of the active walls (12, 13, 14) to each other are carried out by not shown radii of approximately one millimeter.
  • the main horizontal surfaces of the inserts (10, 11) are sanded, striated or the like, so as to facilitate adhesion to the plastic during injection.
  • the inserts (10, 11) have, in the vicinity of the base (21), through orifices (22, 23, 24), for example two to four millimeters in diameter, through which, during the injection, the plastic material passes.
  • the thickness E2 of the characteristic insert (10,11) is at least equal to half and preferably close to 0.6 times the thickness E1 of the clamping head (3,4), at least at the level of the walls (12-15) concerned.
  • the main surface of the characteristic insert (10,11) represents approximately three-quarters of that of the clamping head (3,4) concerned.
  • the ratio (see Figure 3), outside the opening (5), between the surface of the metal insert (10) and the surface of the clamping head (3) is between 75 and 80%.
  • the keys according to the invention are light, insulating. In addition, no cracking or detachment of the insert in the clamping head is observed over the long term, thanks to the characteristic hexagonal shape of the insert and the surface ratio with the clamping head. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une clé de serrage perfectionnée en matière plastique dont la tête de serrage comporte un insert métallique noyé, formant mors ou mâchoire de serrage.The invention relates to an improved clamping wrench made of plastic, the clamping head of which comprises a submerged metal insert, forming a clamping jaw or jaw.

Il est bien connu de réaliser des clés de serrage en matière plastique chargée de fibres de verre, dans la tête de laquelle on noie un insert métallique formant mors ou mâchoire de serrage (ou de desserrage). De telles clés ont déjà été décrites par exemple dans le document US-A-2 909 954 et GB-A-1 251 419. Pour mieux absorber les contraintes de serrage qui s'exercent au point de contact entre l'insert et l'écrou, on a préconisé d'utiliser des inserts polygonaux. Bien que connues depuis fort longtemps, ces clés ne se sont pas développées, car sous l'effet des forces de serrage, à la longue, l'insert a la fâcheuse tendance de tourner dans la tête.It is well known to produce tightening keys made of plastic loaded with glass fibers, in the head of which a metal insert is drowned forming a jaw or clamping (or loosening) jaw. Such keys have already been described for example in the document US-A-2,909,954 and GB-A-1,251,419. To better absorb the tightening stresses which are exerted at the point of contact between the insert and the nut, it was recommended to use polygonal inserts. Although known for a long time, these keys have not developed, because under the effect of tightening forces, in the long run, the insert has the annoying tendency to turn in the head.

Dans le document GB-A-2 018 179, on a suggéré de garnir les mâchoires de l'ouverture d'une épaisseur de métal. Malheureusement, la résistance de ces clés est peu différente de celle du manche en matière plastique, ce qui en limite considérablement l'usage.In GB-A-2 018 179, it has been suggested to fill the jaws of the opening with a thickness of metal. Unfortunately, the resistance of these keys is little different from that of the plastic handle, which considerably limits their use.

Dans le document WO-84.04721, on a alors suggéré de recouvrir les mâchoires sur toute leur épaisseur d'un insert métallique en forme de U. Cette disposition améliore certes le couple de serrage de près de la moitié, c'est-à-dire permet d'obtenir des couples maximum de serrage de 30 à 40 Nm, selon l'ouverture des mâchoires, mais ne permet pas d'atteindre les planchers qui sont exigés par les normes industrielles et qui, pour des ouvertures de treize à seize millimètres, sont compris entre Nm 45 à 60.In document WO-84.04721, it was then suggested to cover the jaws over their entire thickness with a U-shaped metal insert. This arrangement certainly improves the tightening torque by almost half, that is to say allows maximum tightening torques of 30 to 40 Nm to be obtained, depending on the opening of the jaws, but does not allow reaching the floors which are required by industrial standards and which, for openings of thirteen to sixteen millimeters, are between Nm 45 to 60.

On a également décrit dans le document FR-A-926 946 une clé à écrou, dont le manche est réalisé en un métal léger, et dont la tête est réalisée en acier. La tête est rapportée sur le manche par des moyens mécaniques, et notamment des rivets. En outre, afin d'alléger la clé, le manche et la tête présentent des évidements. Bien que susceptible de répondre aux normes industrielles en vigueur à ce jour, ce type de clé reste néanmoins d'un poids relativement important, ce dont veut justement s'affranchir l'invention.Also described in document FR-A-926 946 is a nut wrench, the handle of which is made of a light metal, and the head of which is made of steel. The head is attached to the handle by mechanical means, and in particular rivets. In addition, in order to lighten the key, the handle and the head have recesses. Although likely to meet the industrial standards in force to date, this type of key nevertheless remains of relatively large weight, which precisely wants to overcome the invention.

L'invention pallie ces inconvénients. Elle vise une clé perfectionnée du type en question, c'est-à-dire en matière plastique, qui soit facile à fabriquer et ne présente pas les inconvénients ci-dessus. Elle vise plus particulièrement une clé du type en question qui soit légère, facile à fabriquer, même en petites séries, mais dont les performances soient comparables à celles des clés métalliques existantes, et qui permette d'obtenir des performances au moins égales à celles des normes actuellement en vigueur.The invention overcomes these drawbacks. It aims at an improved key of the type in question, that is to say plastic, which is easy to manufacture and does not have the above drawbacks. It relates more particularly to a key of the type in question which is light, easy to manufacture, even in small series, but whose performance is comparable to that of existing metal keys, and which makes it possible to obtain performance at least equal to that of standards currently in force.

Cette clé de serrage en matière plastique, constituée d'un manche et d'une tête de serrage qui comporte une ouverture polygonale dans laquelle est noyé un insert métallique ouvert, en acier dur, également polygonal, et dont les parois forment mâchoires de serrage (ou de desserrage), se caractérise :

  • en ce que les parois de l'insert métallique formant mâchoires sont parallèles aux faces latérales de l'ouverture polygonale de chaque tête de serrage et dépassent légèrement de ces faces latérales ;
  • et en ce que, au niveau des mâchoires, l'épaisseur de l'insert est comprise entre 0,5 et 0,7 fois l'épaisseur de la tête de serrage.
This plastic tightening key, consisting of a handle and a tightening head which has a polygonal opening in which is embedded an open metal insert, made of hard steel, also polygonal, and whose walls form clamping jaws ( or loosening), is characterized :
  • in that the walls of the metal insert forming jaws are parallel to the lateral faces of the polygonal opening of each clamping head and slightly protrude from these lateral faces;
  • and in that, at the level of the jaws, the thickness of the insert is between 0.5 and 0.7 times the thickness of the clamping head.

En d'autres termes, l'invention consiste à ménager les parois de l'insert métallique dur et résilient, légèrement dépassantes des faces latérales de l'ouverture de la tête, et à avoir déterminé un rapport optimal entre l'épaisseur de l'insert et celui de la tête de serrage proprement dite, de sorte que, lors du serrage (ou du desserrage), les contraintes soient pour l'essentiel concentrées sur l'insert lui-même et non plus sur la tête de serrage proprement dite, ce qui permet d'atteindre les normes industrielles exigées, comprises entre Nm 45 à 60.In other words, the invention consists in providing the walls of the hard and resilient metallic insert, slightly protruding from the lateral faces of the opening of the head, and in having determined an optimal ratio between the thickness of the insert and that of the clamping head itself, so that, when tightening (or loosening), the stresses are essentially concentrated on the insert itself and no longer on the clamping head proper, which allows to reach the required industrial standards, between Nm 45 to 60.

Avantageusement, en pratique :

  • on a déterminé que plus l'ouverture de la clé est importante, plus le dépassement devait être conséquent ; ainsi, on a observé que pour les plus petites ouvertures, c'est-à-dire pour les clés de 10, ce dépassement pouvait être de l'ordre de quelques dizièmes de millimètre, par exemple de trois dixièmes, alors pour que les grosses clés (clés de 32), ce dépassement peut être de deux à trois millimètres ;
  • l'épaisseur de l'insert doit être au moins égale à la moitié de l'épaisseur de la tête de serrage, mais de préférence inférieure à 0,7 fois cette épaisseur ; en effet, si on excède ce dernier rapport, l'épaisseur résiduelle de la matière plastique est trop faible pour pouvoir absorber valablement les contraintes transmises par l'insert, de sorte qu'à la longue, on provoque l'apparition de fissures ; de même, si ce rapport est inférieur à la moitié, lors du serrage, partie des contraintes se répartissent dans la tête, qui devient également fragile ;
  • comme matériau de l'insert, on utilise un métal présentant un coefficient de dureté compris entre 45 et 50 HRC, de préférence voisin de 48 à 50 HRC ; en effet, on a observé que si le coefficient de dureté est inférieur à 45, la tête de l'écrou risque à la longue d'entailler les parois de l'insert formant mors ; en revanche, si cette dureté excède 55 HRC, on supprime cet inconvénient de déformation, mais on risque à la longue des cassures de l'insert ; comme déjà dit, de préférence, on fait appel à des métaux dont le coefficient de dureté est compris èntre 48 et 50, c'est-à-dire à des métaux souples, résilients, mais non fragiles ; de préférence, on utilise un acier type 35 CD4, voir 55 S7 ;
  • le corps (manche + tête de serrage) de la clé est comme déjà dit en matière plastique chargée en fibres de verre ou analogue ; on utilise de préférence des matières plastiques dont le module de Young est supérieur à 100 MPa ; la proportion en poids entre les fibres de verre et la matière plastique augmente avec l'ouverture et est d'au moins 30 % pour les petites clés, et peut aller jusqu'à 60 % pour les grosses clés ; comme matière plastique, on utilise de préférence celles à hautes performances, telles que celles en polyamide, de préférence en polyarylamide, voire en résine thermodurcissable, notamemnt vinyle ester ;
  • les faces de l'insert destinées à être noyées dans la tête de serrage en matière plastique, subissent un traitement approprié destiné à améliorer l'adhérence aux matières plastiques, tel que sablage, dents de scie, stries ; de même, on améliore l'adhérence entre l'insert et la tête de serrage en matière plastique en ménageant dans l'insert des orifices traversants qui, lors de l'injection de la matière plastique, se rempliront de celle-ci ;
  • l'insert en plan a une forme générale hexagonale, irrégulière, symétrique par rapport à l'axe médian de l'ouverture, dans laquelle est ménagée une ouverture symétrique, dont les parois forment mâchoires ;
  • le rapport entre la grande surface de l'insert métallique et la grande surface de la tête de serrage en matière plastique, hors l'ouverture de serrage, est d'au moins 70 %, de préférence de l'ordre de 75 %.
Advantageously, in practice:
  • it was determined that the larger the opening of the key, the more the overshoot should be substantial; thus, it was observed that for the smallest openings, that is to say for the keys of 10, this excess could be of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter, for example three tenths, while for the large ones keys (keys of 32), this excess may be two to three millimeters;
  • the thickness of the insert must be at least equal to half the thickness of the clamping head, but preferably less than 0.7 times this thickness; in fact, if this latter ratio is exceeded, the residual thickness of the plastic material is too small to be able to validly absorb the stresses transmitted by the insert, so that in the long run, cracks appear; similarly, if this ratio is less than half, during tightening, part of the stresses are distributed in the head, which also becomes fragile;
  • as material of the insert, a metal is used having a hardness coefficient of between 45 and 50 HRC, preferably close to 48 to 50 HRC; indeed, it has been observed that if the hardness coefficient is less than 45, the head of the nut risks in the long run to nick the walls of the jaw insert; on the other hand, if this hardness exceeds 55 HRC, this disadvantage of deformation is eliminated, but there is a risk in the long run of breaks of the insert; as already said, preferably, use is made of metals whose hardness coefficient is between 48 and 50, that is to say flexible metals, resilient, but not fragile; preferably a steel type 35 CD4 is used, see 55 S7;
  • the body (handle + tightening head) of the key is as already said in plastic material loaded with glass fibers or the like; plastic materials are preferably used whose Young's modulus is greater than 100 MPa; the proportion by weight between the glass fibers and the plastic material increases with the opening and is at least 30% for small keys, and can go up to 60% for large keys; as plastic, preferably those with high performance, such as those made of polyamide, preferably polyarylamide, or even thermosetting resin, in particular vinyl ester;
  • the faces of the insert intended to be embedded in the plastic clamping head, undergo an appropriate treatment intended to improve the adhesion to plastic materials, such as sandblasting, saw teeth, striations; similarly, the adhesion between the insert and the plastic clamping head is improved by providing through holes in the insert which, when the plastic is injected, will fill with it;
  • the insert in plan has a general hexagonal shape, irregular, symmetrical with respect to the median axis of the opening, in which is formed a symmetrical opening, the walls of which form jaws;
  • the ratio between the large area of the metal insert and the large area of the plastic clamping head, outside the clamping opening, is at least 70%, preferably of the order of 75%.

La manière dont l'invention peut être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront mieux de l'exemple de réalisation qui suit, à l'appui des figures annexées.The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which result therefrom will emerge more clearly from the embodiment which follows, with the support of the appended figures.

La figure 1 montre en vue de dessus une clé plate conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 shows a top view of a flat key according to the invention.

La figure 2 est une représentation vue de dessus d'un insert caractéristique de l'invention.Figure 2 is a top view representation of an insert characteristic of the invention.

La figure 3 est une vue agrandie d'une tête de serrage caractéristique de l'invention.Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a clamping head characteristic of the invention.

La figure 4 est une coupe selon l'axe IV-IV′ de la figure 1.Figure 4 is a section along the axis IV-IV 'of Figure 1.

La clé plate désignée par la référence générale (1) montrée à la figure 1, est une clé sensiblement à l'échelle, d'ouvertures : 22/24. Elle est constituée essentiellement d'un manche (2) et de deux têtes de serrage, respectivement (3) et (4) ayant chacune une ouverture (5) et (6). L'ouverture (5) (voir figure 3) est destinée à recevoir un boulon ou un écrou (7) de 22, alors que l'ouverture (6) est destinée à recevoir un écrou, un boulon ou analogue de 24. Le manche (2) et les têtes (3,4) sont en polyarylamide chargé à 60 % en poids de fibres de verre, commercialisée par SOLVET sous la marque déposée "IXEF".The flat key designated by the general reference (1) shown in Figure 1, is a key substantially to scale, with openings: 22/24. It essentially consists of a handle (2) and two clamping heads, respectively (3) and (4) each having an opening (5) and (6). The opening (5) (see Figure 3) is intended to receive a bolt or nut (7) of 22, while the opening (6) is intended to receive a nut, bolt or the like of 24. The handle (2) and the heads (3,4) are made of polyarylamide loaded with 60% by weight of glass fibers, sold by SOLVET under the registered trademark "IXEF".

De manière connue, chacune de ces ouvertures (5,6) a une forme pentagonale, symétrique par rapport à l'axe médian (I,I′) (voir figure 3), et comporte un insert métallique (10,11) noyé dans une tête (3,4). Ces inserts (10,11) sont en acier 35 CD4, présentant un coefficient de dureté de 48 HRC.In known manner, each of these openings (5,6) has a pentagonal shape, symmetrical with respect to the median axis (I, I ′) (see FIG. 3), and comprises a metal insert (10,11) embedded in a head (3,4). These inserts (10,11) are made of 35 CD4 steel, with a hardness coefficient of 48 HRC.

Ces inserts (10,11) ont une forme générale hexagonale, irrégulière, mais également symétrique par rapport à l'axe médian (I,I') de l'ouverture (5,6) (voir figures 2 et 3).These inserts (10,11) have a general hexagonal shape, irregular, but also symmetrical with respect to the median axis (I, I ') of the opening (5,6) (see Figures 2 and 3).

Selon une première caractéristique importante de l'invention, les quatre parois actives (12,13,14,15) de l'insert (10), dépassent des parois correspondantes parallèles (16,17 18) de l'ouverture (5) de la tête de serrage (10), par exemple d'environ 1,5 millimètre. De même, les parois de l'insert (11) dépassent de celles de l'ouverture (6).According to a first important characteristic of the invention, the four active walls (12,13,14,15) of the insert (10), protrude from the corresponding parallel walls (16,17 18) of the opening (5) of the clamping head (10), for example about 1.5 millimeters. Likewise, the walls of the insert (11) protrude from those of the opening (6).

Dans une seconde caractéristique de l'invention correspondant à la réalisation montrée aux figures 2 et 3, l'insert métallique (10,11) présente les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • ouverture L1   : 32 mm
  • profondeur L2   : 30 mm
  • longueur L3   : 54 mm
  • largeur L4   : 68 mm
  • angle alpha   : 25°
  • angle beta   : 30°
  • angle gamma   : 27°.
In a second characteristic of the invention corresponding to the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the metal insert (10,11) has the following characteristics:
  • opening L1: 32 mm
  • depth L2: 30 mm
  • length L3: 54 mm
  • width L4: 68 mm
  • alpha angle: 25 °
  • beta angle: 30 °
  • gamma angle: 27 °.

Les raccords des parois actives (12,13,14) entre elles sont effectuées par des rayons non représentés d'environ un millimètre.The connections of the active walls (12, 13, 14) to each other are carried out by not shown radii of approximately one millimeter.

Dans une forme de réalisation avantageuse, les surfaces principales horizontales des inserts (10,11) sont sablés, striés ou analogues, de manière à faciliter l'adhésion à la matière plastique lors de l'injection. Dans une variante, pour faciliter cette adhésion, les inserts (10,11) présentent au voisinage de la base (21) des orifices traversants (22,23,24), par exemple de deux à quatre millimètres de diamètre, à travers lesquels, lors de l'injection, passe la matière plastique.In an advantageous embodiment, the main horizontal surfaces of the inserts (10, 11) are sanded, striated or the like, so as to facilitate adhesion to the plastic during injection. In a variant, to facilitate this adhesion, the inserts (10, 11) have, in the vicinity of the base (21), through orifices (22, 23, 24), for example two to four millimeters in diameter, through which, during the injection, the plastic material passes.

Selon une autre caractéristique essentielle de l'invention (voir figure 4), l'épaisseur E2 de l'insert caractéristique (10,11) est au moins égale à la moitié et de préférence voisine de 0,6 fois l'épaisseur E1 de la tête de serrage (3,4), du moins au niveau des parois (12-15) concernées. La surface principale de l'insert caractéristique (10,11) représente environ les trois-quarts de celle de la tête de serrage (3,4) concernée.According to another essential characteristic of the invention (see FIG. 4), the thickness E2 of the characteristic insert (10,11) is at least equal to half and preferably close to 0.6 times the thickness E1 of the clamping head (3,4), at least at the level of the walls (12-15) concerned. The main surface of the characteristic insert (10,11) represents approximately three-quarters of that of the clamping head (3,4) concerned.

Le rapport (voir figure 3), hors l'ouverture (5), entre la surface de l'insert métallique (10) et la surface de la tête de serrage (3) est compris entre 75 et 80 %.The ratio (see Figure 3), outside the opening (5), between the surface of the metal insert (10) and the surface of the clamping head (3) is between 75 and 80%.

Cette clé permet d'obtenir un couple de résistances voisin de celui des normes actuellement en vigueur, notamment normes ISO, ce que l'on ne savait obtenir jusqu'alors avec des clés en matières plastiques. En effet, pour les petites clés (ouverture de dix), on obtient aisément un couple de résistances près de deux fois égal à la norme contre seulement 40 % pour l'art antérieur, et pour les grosses clés (ouvertures de trente et plus), un couple de résistances égal à celui de la norme.This key makes it possible to obtain a couple of resistances close to that of the standards currently in force, in particular ISO standards, which we did not know how to obtain until then with plastic keys. Indeed, for small keys (opening of ten), one easily obtains a couple of resistances almost twice equal to the standard against only 40% for the prior art, and for large keys (openings of thirty and more) , a couple of resistances equal to that of the standard.

A l'instar des autres clés en matière plastique, les clés conformes à l'invention sont légères, isolantes. En outre, on n'observe pas à la longue de phénomènes de fissuration ou de décollement de l'insert dans la tête de serrage et cela, grâce à la forme hexagonale caractéristique de l'insert et le rapport en surface avec la tête de serrage.Like the other plastic keys, the keys according to the invention are light, insulating. In addition, no cracking or detachment of the insert in the clamping head is observed over the long term, thanks to the characteristic hexagonal shape of the insert and the surface ratio with the clamping head. .

De la sorte, ces clés peuvent être utilisées avec succès dans l'industrie ou le bricolage, soit sous forme de clés plates, de clés à molette, de clés à douille, etc. .In this way, these keys can be successfully used in industry or DIY, either in the form of flat keys, adjustable wrenches, socket wrenches, etc. .

Claims (5)

  1. A plastic wrench consisting in a handle (2) and a gripping head (3,4) having a polygonal opening (5,6), in which an open metal insert (10,11) is embedded, likewise polygonal, the walls of which form gripping jaws, characterized:
    - in that the walls (12,13,14,15) of the insert (10,11) forming the jaws are parallel and protrude slightly from the lateral faces (16-19) of the openings (5,6) of each gripping head (3,4);
    - in that the metal insert (10,11) is made from a hard, flexible and resilient metal having a coefficient of hardness between 45 and 50 HRC;
    - and in that, in the region of the jaws (12-15), the thickness E2 of the insert (10,11) is between 0,5 and 0,7 times the thickness (E1) of the gripping head (3,4).
  2. A wrench according to claim 1, characterized in that for small wrenches, the walls (12-15) of the metal insert (10,11) protrude a few tenths of a millimeter with regard to the lateral faces (16-19), when protrude a few millimeters for wrenches with a large opening.
  3. A wrench according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal insert (10,11) is in steel having a coefficient of hardness comprised between 48 and 50 HRC and in that the body in plastic material forming the handle (2) and the heads (3,4) is in polyamide reinforced glass fibers.
  4. A wrench according to any claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal insert (10,11) has an irregular hexagonal general shape, symetrical relative to the median axis (I-I') of the opening (5,6) in which is arranged a symetrical opening (12-15) the walls of which form gripping (or loosening) jaws.
  5. A wrench according to any claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio, excluding the gripping opening (5,6), between the surface of the metal insert (10,11) and the gripping head (3,4) is at least 70 %.
EP90420105A 1989-03-02 1990-02-27 Plastic wrench with metal insert Expired - Lifetime EP0390705B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8902997 1989-03-02
FR8902997A FR2643844B1 (en) 1989-03-02 1989-03-02 IMPROVED PLASTIC TIGHTENING WRENCH WITH METAL INSERT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0390705A1 EP0390705A1 (en) 1990-10-03
EP0390705B1 true EP0390705B1 (en) 1993-10-20

Family

ID=9379469

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90420105A Expired - Lifetime EP0390705B1 (en) 1989-03-02 1990-02-27 Plastic wrench with metal insert

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5062328A (en)
EP (1) EP0390705B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2521730Y2 (en)
KR (1) KR960005139Y1 (en)
CA (1) CA2008956C (en)
DE (1) DE69003980T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2045866T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2643844B1 (en)

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US5713251A (en) * 1995-11-15 1998-02-03 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Composite box wrench with ratchet module insert
US5970826A (en) * 1996-08-16 1999-10-26 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Composite socket with double inserts
US6318216B1 (en) * 1997-05-07 2001-11-20 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Composite box wrench with reinforcing and retaining structure
US5934159A (en) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-10 Sig Combibloc, Inc. Opener for package closure
US6006633A (en) * 1998-07-08 1999-12-28 The Stanley Works Pliers (1)
US5996450A (en) * 1998-07-15 1999-12-07 The Stanley Works Pliers (2)
FR2798087B1 (en) * 1999-09-03 2001-11-16 Wu Li Tu Lin COMPOSITE TOOL HANDLE
GB2353751A (en) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-07 Lin Wu Li Tu Composite tool
DE20012408U1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2000-10-05 Hsieh, Chih-Ching, Fengyuan, Taichung Wrench
US6408723B1 (en) 2000-07-28 2002-06-25 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Insulating composite shaft tool with interchangeable heads and method of construction thereof
US6966242B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2005-11-22 Picone John A Adjustable wrench with preset stops
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US7237462B1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-07-03 Jia-Guann Liau Hand tool with a handle made by different material
DE102006062013A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2008-07-03 Wera-Werk Hermann Werner Gmbh & Co. Kg Screwing tool e.g. ring spanner, has drive body with torque introduction zone, and two drifting bodies with drifting profile, where material hardness of drifting bodies is greater than material hardness of drive body
US7607372B2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2009-10-27 Proxene Tools Co., Ltd. Method for making a wrench
US20110174118A1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Jie-Shing Peng Gear unit and molding method of the same and applied ratchet wheel wrench
US8484785B1 (en) * 2010-04-08 2013-07-16 Robert M. Kristiansen Combination handle locking and beverage container opener
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CN102554834B (en) * 2010-12-13 2014-09-03 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 Open spanner and manufacturing method thereof
US8459152B2 (en) * 2010-12-29 2013-06-11 Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Open-end wrench and method of manufacturing the same
TWI396605B (en) * 2011-05-13 2013-05-21 Lin Tsung Te Ratchet wrench structure
US9200590B2 (en) * 2012-03-05 2015-12-01 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Assembly with composite fastener for attaching components with sealant and method of attaching same
DE202013102488U1 (en) 2013-06-11 2013-06-17 Kipp Verpachtungen E.K. Tool for gentle operation of a screw head
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EP3116686A4 (en) * 2014-03-10 2017-11-15 Ridge Tool Company Replaceable gripping inserts for wrenches
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5062328A (en) 1991-11-05
CA2008956A1 (en) 1990-09-02
DE69003980T2 (en) 1994-02-24
JPH02143167U (en) 1990-12-05
DE69003980D1 (en) 1993-11-25
FR2643844B1 (en) 1993-10-15
EP0390705A1 (en) 1990-10-03
CA2008956C (en) 1999-04-13
ES2045866T3 (en) 1994-01-16
FR2643844A1 (en) 1990-09-07
JP2521730Y2 (en) 1997-01-08
KR900016794U (en) 1990-10-05
KR960005139Y1 (en) 1996-06-22

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