EP0301445A2 - Flat pallet - Google Patents

Flat pallet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301445A2
EP0301445A2 EP88111904A EP88111904A EP0301445A2 EP 0301445 A2 EP0301445 A2 EP 0301445A2 EP 88111904 A EP88111904 A EP 88111904A EP 88111904 A EP88111904 A EP 88111904A EP 0301445 A2 EP0301445 A2 EP 0301445A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flat pallet
longitudinal
top plate
belt
pallet according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88111904A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0301445A3 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Dipl.-Ing. Klowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0301445A2 publication Critical patent/EP0301445A2/en
Publication of EP0301445A3 publication Critical patent/EP0301445A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38Details or accessories
    • B65D19/44Elements or devices for locating articles on platforms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/001Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0014Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0016Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009Materials
    • B65D2519/00014Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00034Plastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009Materials
    • B65D2519/00049Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00069Plastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00268Overall construction of the pallet made of one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00308Overall construction of the load supporting surface grid type, e.g. perforated plate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00318Overall construction of the base surface made of one piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00333Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00398Overall construction reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00402Integral, e.g. ribs
    • B65D2519/00407Integral, e.g. ribs on the load supporting surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00398Overall construction reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00402Integral, e.g. ribs
    • B65D2519/00412Integral, e.g. ribs on the base surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736Details
    • B65D2519/00825Finishing of the external surfaces
    • B65D2519/0083Anti-slip means
    • B65D2519/0084Separated elements, e.g. including in-moulded elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat pallet with a substantially rectangular base, in particular for use in high racks, which comprises upper and lower longitudinal bars, in which the upper longitudinal bars are formed by a lower flange and an upper flange substantially parallel to it, and upper transverse bolts, which essentially run orthogonally to one another, at least four support boxes arranged in the corner areas of the flat pallet, serving to support the flat pallet, to which the longitudinal and transverse bars are connected, and a plurality of lateral lifting openings, the lower boundary of which points towards the bottom of the flat pallet, essentially by one lower longitudinal bar is formed, which is designed in the form of a belt stiffened with a longitudinal web.
  • a flat pallet of this type is described in German patent application P 36 02 624.7 Storage purposes is used in high racks.
  • the high racks are essentially constructed in such a way that the flat pallets are only supported in the area of their outer supporting boxes, but are otherwise not supported in a load-bearing manner during the storage process in the high racks.
  • the aforementioned flat pallet is generally made in one piece from low-pressure polyethylene HDPE, which on the one hand is very easy to form and results in a long service life for the flat pallet made from this material, but the HDPE used for cost reasons also has a very low creep modulus (elongation module) so that to increase the load-bearing capacity of the flat pallet, separate constructive measures were required, as described in the aforementioned German patent application P 36 02 624.7. Switching to another plastic material with a higher creep modulus is not feasible for cost reasons.
  • the object of this invention is seen in creating a flat pallet of this type, which is only to be stored in the area of its carrier boxes, made of plastic, which does not change even under extreme load cases deflects above a prescribed maximum value that beyond can also be produced easily and inexpensively from plastic materials previously used for this purpose, and which requires extremely little plastic material for their formation, with the result that it can also be easily formed.
  • the lower longitudinal bar is designed as a tension member and the belt of the tension member is provided in the area of the lifting openings at least in its areas directed towards the corners of the flat pallet via a belt element directed at an angle to the top plate, which is provided with its the end facing the top plate in the area of the support boxes is connected to the lower flange of the upper longitudinal bar.
  • the end of the belt element facing the top plate is connected to the lower flange via a knee belt, the lower flange in the area of the carrying cases being offset from the upper flange parallel to its arrangement in the area of the lifting openings via the knee belt running at an angle to the lower flange.
  • the pressure force D is via a knee belt, which forms an angular continuation of the lower chord of the upper longitudinal bar, to the connection point directed to the belt element, which enables the flat pallet to take even larger loads with the same deflection.
  • the belt element is connected to the knee belt essentially at half the height of the vertical opening width of the lifting opening, which in addition to static advantages also has the advantage that the lifting openings have the greatest width essentially in the region of half their height of the vertical opening width, so that the forks of forklifts can be easily inserted into the lifting openings.
  • the flat pallet in the region of the connection of the belt element to the lower flange has a pressure plate which runs essentially vertically to the top plate and is connected to the connection, preferably preferably running essentially perpendicular to the pressure plate Top plate extending and connected to this and connected to the pressure plate element which has at least two stiffening elements projecting substantially at right angles from it.
  • This type of configuration of the flat pallet in the connection allows the residual forces remaining in the connection despite the balance between the tensile force Z and the pressure force D to be absorbed by the pressure plate, the stiffening elements additionally preventing the plate element of the pressure plate from bending under load .
  • the flat pallet proposed here will generally be made or manufactured in one piece.
  • a particular problem is the formation of such flat pallets with a relatively complicated structural structure the demoldability.
  • the support boxes In order to enable demoldability with a one-piece design of the flat pallet, it is necessary for the support boxes to be open at the bottom.
  • the supporting boxes of the flat pallet lying between two outer supporting boxes preferably have a plurality of longitudinal disks, with at least on the outer longitudinal disks a plurality of substantially horizontally aligned ones connected to them Reinforcing elements is provided.
  • the inner support boxes arranged between two outer central support boxes also have a plurality of longitudinal disks, at least one reinforcement element horizontally connected to them being provided at least on the outer longitudinal disks, at the ends of which point away from the longitudinal disks in turn, vertical disk elements aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal disks are connected.
  • a complete transmission of the tensile force Z of the tension member is achieved.
  • the reinforcing elements were not provided in the longitudinal disks of the carrier boxes, the consequence would be that the longitudinal disks have a tensile stress that is too high by a factor of 2 to 3 in extreme load cases, which in many cases is due to the strong tension dependence of the creep modulus E K of the materials used Cases is not manageable, with the result that the material flows and the construction as a whole can fail.
  • the lower chords of the upper longitudinal bars are preferably formed in one piece over the skid width of the flat pallet.
  • a plurality of cells open to the outside can be formed on the vertical outer surfaces of the flat pallet, on which the lifting openings are formed, essentially in the area of the lifting openings, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower straps of the upper longitudinal bars and the upper cell wall being made by parts the top plate and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of depressions formed in the top plate.
  • the vertical outer surfaces of the flat pallet, transverse to the outer surfaces having lifting openings are preferably formed essentially in the area between the carrying boxes by a plurality of cells that are open to the outside, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower flange of the upper transverse bar, the upper cell wall by parts of the Top plate and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of recesses formed in the top plate.
  • the flat pallet can have, in addition to the knobs, or alternatively a plurality of bores that are suitably spaced apart and into which preferably designed plugs for securing a pallet load against slipping can be inserted .
  • the provision of bores and plugs suitable for use in these is particularly advantageous when plastic bottle crates are to be picked up from the flat pallet, since the known plastic bottle crates can only be secured in an approximately 4 cm wide edge area, especially in the central area of the flat pallet stoppers are ineffective because of the wide-meshed floor grid of the plastic bottle crates.
  • the bores in which the plugs can be inserted advantageously have a lower shoulder that narrows them, the bores narrowing again conically in the vertical direction in the region of the shoulder. Because of this configuration of the bores, the plugs can be received in the bores, for example, with a press fit.
  • the flat pallet described below has basically the same structure as that described in German patent application P 36 02 624.7, with express reference being made to the flat pallet described there.
  • the flat pallet 15 consists essentially of a rectangular base body with an essentially rectangular base area. Support boxes 20 are arranged in the corners 150, 151, 152, 153 of the flat pallet and, in the embodiment described here, are formed in one piece with the base body of the flat pallet 15.
  • the flat pallet 15 is bounded at the top by a top plate 29, which serves as a support surface for receiving loads.
  • Support boxes 21 are located essentially centrally between the corners 150, 153 and 151, 152 on the two adjacent pallet sides 193, 194 which are free of lifting openings provided which have essentially the same structure as that formed in the corners 150, 151, 152, 153. In the embodiment shown here, the support boxes 21 are each essentially double.
  • the support boxes 20, 21 are each connected to their adjacent support box in the longitudinal direction via upper longitudinal bars 16 and in the transverse direction by upper cross bars 31, with the respective support box 21 arranged in the transverse direction being connected to the support boxes in the corner regions by the upper cross bar 31.
  • the top plate 29 is formed in the area of the upper longitudinal bars 26 and the upper transverse bars 31 by upper straps 162 in the longitudinal direction and upper straps 312 in the transverse direction, which each form the upper limit of the upper longitudinal bars 16 and the upper transverse bars 31.
  • the part of the top plate 29 formed between the longitudinal and transverse top chords 162, 312 is provided with a plurality of depressions 35 in the manner of a chessboard, the bottom 36 and the side surfaces 37, 38 of the depressions together with the top plate 29 having a Z-section in cross section. form a shaped profile.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the depressions 35 like their total number in the top plate 29, can be varied as desired.
  • the flat pallet is constructed overall symmetrically to its longitudinal and transverse central axis, so that in connection with the structure with the upper and lower longitudinal bars 16, 17 connected to the supporting boxes 20, 21 and the upper transverse bar 31, only a quarter of the flat pallet 15 is to be considered needs, as shown in the figures.
  • the upper longitudinal bar 16, which forms part of the top plate 29, consists of an upper flange 162, a lower flange 60 and a plurality of webs connecting the two belts in the region of the carrying case 20 and in the region of the lifting opening 23. It should be emphasized once again that the consideration and description of this quarter of the flat pallet applies accordingly to the remaining three quarters.
  • the upper flange 162 and the lower flange 160 are aligned essentially parallel to one another.
  • the carrier box 20, to which the upper belt 162 is connected in the form of a top plate part, has a plurality of longitudinal disks of variable number which run essentially parallel to one another and orthogonally to the upper belt and are not discussed further here. 20 transverse disks, the number of which can also vary and which are not described further here, are arranged essentially transversely to the plane of the longitudinal disks.
  • the lifting opening 23 adjoining the carrying case 20 is delimited towards the top plate by the lower flange 160 and towards the bottom of the flat pallet 15 by a longitudinal bar 17, which in the form of a belt 170 stiffened with a longitudinal web 34, which represents the actual lower limit of the lifting opening 26 , is trained.
  • the lateral delimitation of the lifting opening 23 is formed by lateral delimiting webs 230 which run essentially orthogonally to the top plate 29.
  • the lower longitudinal bar 17 is designed as a tension member.
  • the belt 170 of the tension member is provided in the area of the lifting opening 23 in its area facing the adjacent corner 150 of the flat pallet 15 via a belt element 171 directed at an angle to the top plate 29.
  • the belt element 171 is with its end 173 facing the top plate 29 in the region of the adjacent support box 20 connected to the lower flange 160 of the upper longitudinal bar 16.
  • the belt element 171 is not connected directly to the part of the lower flange 160 formed parallel to the top plate 29, but via a knee belt 30.
  • the lower flange 160 is in the area of the carrying case 20 with respect to its arrangement in Area of the lifting opening 23 is formed, d. H. the lower flange 160 is offset parallel to the angular knee belt from the upper flange 162.
  • connection 174 of the knee belt 30 and the belt element 171 takes place essentially at half the height of the vertical opening width of the lifting opening 23.
  • a pressure plate 175 which extends essentially vertically to the top plate 29 and is connected to the top plate 29 and to the connection 174.
  • the pressure plate 175 has a plate element 176 which runs essentially transversely to it, essentially vertically to the top plate and is connected to it and to the pressure plate 175.
  • At least two stiffening elements 177 projecting substantially at right angles from it are also provided.
  • the inner support boxes 220 arranged between two outer middle support boxes 22 are provided with a plurality of longitudinal disks 28, 280, 281. At least on the outer longitudinal disks 280, 281 there is at least one reinforcement element connected horizontally to the latter, to the ends 282, 283 of the ends 282, 283 which point away from the longitudinal disks 280, 281 and in each case in turn vertical disk elements 284, 285 aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal disks 280, 281 are.
  • This inward displacement of the outer longitudinal disks 280 forms a collar-like attachment, as can be seen in FIG. 10.
  • the collar around the inner support box enables a complete transmission of the tensile force of the tension member formed by the lower longitudinal bolt 17.
  • the vertical outer surface 190, 191, i.e. H. the corresponding side of the flat pallet on which the lifting opening 23 is formed is essentially formed in the area of the lifting openings 23, 24, 25, 26 overall by a plurality of cells 194 which are open to the outside.
  • the open cells 194 are formed in the vertical direction essentially with respect to the lower cell wall by the lower flange 160 of the upper longitudinal bar, the upper cell wall by parts of the top plate 29 and the cell bottom by parts of the walls of the recesses 35 formed in the top plate.
  • the vertical outer surfaces 192, 193, or the corresponding pallet sides of the flat pallet 15, transversely to the outer surfaces 190, 191 having the lifting openings 23, 24, 25, 26 are essentially in the area between the outer carrier boxes 20 by a plurality of cells 195 open to the outside educated.
  • the lower cell wall in the vertical direction is essentially through the lower flange 310 of the upper cross bar 31, the upper cell wall is formed by parts of the top plate 29 and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of the depressions 35 formed in the top plate 29.
  • the above-described type of configuration of the flat pallet 15 solves the deformation problem of the flat pallet mentioned above in the case of extreme loads.
  • the torque curve in the area of the lifting opening 23 can be seen from the illustration in FIG. Due to the construction described above, the tension Z from the belt element 171 is balanced with the pressure D from the knee belt at the point of the connection 174.
  • the deformation problem is solved in accordance with the design features described here in that the cornering moment M E can be built up by introducing and transmitting the tensile force Z in the tension member. It can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 2 that this is achieved according to the invention.
  • a flat reinforcing element 164 protruding substantially orthogonally from the knee belt 30 and the lower belt 160 is connected in the area of at least the knee belt 30 and at least the area of the lower belt 160 immediately adjacent to the knee belt 30.
  • connection or connecting always mean a non-positive connection.
  • a plurality of suitably designed knob-like projections 291 are provided on the surface of the top plate. These can project substantially vertically from the top plate 29 and suitably from one another be spaced, cf. the representations of Figures 5a, b, and Figures 6a, b.
  • knob-like projections 291 serve for the non-slip reception of loads to be carried on the top plate 29 of the flat pallet 15. These knob-like projections 291 are necessary in certain cases because the plastic materials used to produce the flat pallets 15, such as polyethylene, polypropylene or the like, are not non-slip and even non-slip materials cannot be glued or welded to surfaces made of these plastic materials.
  • the top plate can have a plurality of bores 192, as shown in FIGS. 3b, 8 and 12.
  • the bores on the top plate 29 can be suitably spaced apart from one another in order to be able to hold bottle crates or the like on the top plate 29 in a non-slip manner by inserting plugs 293, which can consist of hard rubber or the like, into the bores 192.
  • the bores 292 have a lower shoulder 294 narrowing them.
  • the bores 292 narrow again conically in the vertical direction in the area of the shoulder 294.
  • the plugs 293 can thus fit into the bores 292 in a press fit.
  • the cover of the stopper 293 extends essentially 3-5 mm beyond the top plate 29. In order not to create a step or a step, the cover of the stopper 292 is chamfered at an angle in the edge region.
  • the plug 293 may be of a circular, stepped cross-section. At least the cover of the stopper 293 is provided with a hole in order to be able to automatically press in the stopper 293 using suitable devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Abstract

The flat pallet (15), in particular for use in high shelving, has an essentially rectangular base surface, comprises upper and lower longitudinal bars (16, 17), in which the upper longitudinal bars are formed by a lower beam (160) and an upper beam which is essentially parallel to said lower beam, and upper transverse bars which extend essentially orthogonally relative to one another, at least four support boxes which are arranged in the corner regions of the flat pallet, serve for mounting the flat pallet (15) and are connected to the longitudinal and transverse bars, and a plurality of lateral lifting openings, of which the lower boundary, facing the bottom of the flat pallet, is formed essentially by a lower longitudinal bar which is constructed in the form of a beam reinforced by a longitudinal web. In this case, the lower longitudinal bar (17) is constructed as a tie beam and the beam (170) of the tie beam is provided in the region of the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26), at least in its regions directed towards the corners (150, 151, 152, 153) of the flat pallet (159), via a beam element (171) which is directed at an angle towards the top plate (29) and is connected to the lower beam (160) of the upper longitudinal bar (16) in its end (173) facing the top plate (29) in the region of the support boxes (20). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachpalette mit im wesent­lichen rechteckiger Grundfläche, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Hochregalen, welche obere und untere Längsriegel, bei denen die oberen Längsriegel durch einen Untergurt und einen im wesentlichen zu ihm parallelen Obergurt gebildet werden, sowie obere Querriegel umfaßt, die im wesentlichen orthogonal zueinander verlaufen, wenigstens vier in den Eckberei­chen der Flachpalette angeordnete, der Auflagerung der Flachpalette dienende Tragkästen, an die die Längs- und Querriegel angeschlossen sind, sowie eine Mehrzahl von seitlichen Hebeöffnungen, deren untere, zum Boden der Flachpalette weisende Begrenzung im wesentlichen durch einen unteren Längsriegel gebildet wird, der in Form eines mit einem Längssteg versteiften Gurts ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a flat pallet with a substantially rectangular base, in particular for use in high racks, which comprises upper and lower longitudinal bars, in which the upper longitudinal bars are formed by a lower flange and an upper flange substantially parallel to it, and upper transverse bolts, which essentially run orthogonally to one another, at least four support boxes arranged in the corner areas of the flat pallet, serving to support the flat pallet, to which the longitudinal and transverse bars are connected, and a plurality of lateral lifting openings, the lower boundary of which points towards the bottom of the flat pallet, essentially by one lower longitudinal bar is formed, which is designed in the form of a belt stiffened with a longitudinal web.

Eine Flachpalette dieser Art ist in der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 36 02 624.7 beschrieben, die zu Lagerzwecken in Hochregalen verwendet wird. Die Hochre­gale sind im wesentlichen so aufgebaut, daß die Flach­paletten lediglich im Bereich ihrer äußeren Tragkästen aufgelagert werden, ansonsten aber während des Lager­vorganges im Hochregal nicht weiter tragend unterstützt werden.A flat pallet of this type is described in German patent application P 36 02 624.7 Storage purposes is used in high racks. The high racks are essentially constructed in such a way that the flat pallets are only supported in the area of their outer supporting boxes, but are otherwise not supported in a load-bearing manner during the storage process in the high racks.

Die vorgenannte Flachpalette wird in der Regel grund­sätzlich einstückig aus Niederdruckpolyäthylen HDPE hergestellt, was einerseits zwar sehr gut formbar ist und eine hohe Standzeit der aus diesem Werkstoff hergestellten Flachpalette zur Folge hat, das aus Kostengründen verwendete HDPE weist jedoch andererseits ein sehr niedriges Kriechmodul (Dehnungsmodul) auf, so daß zur Vergrößerung der Tragfähigkeit der Flachpalette gesonderte konstruktive Maßnahmen erforderlich waren, wie sie in der vorgenannten deutschen Patentanmeldung P 36 02 624.7 beschrieben sind. Ein Ausweichen auf einen anderen Kunststoffwerkstoff mit höherem Kriechmodul ist aus Kostengründen nicht durchführbar.The aforementioned flat pallet is generally made in one piece from low-pressure polyethylene HDPE, which on the one hand is very easy to form and results in a long service life for the flat pallet made from this material, but the HDPE used for cost reasons also has a very low creep modulus (elongation module) so that to increase the load-bearing capacity of the flat pallet, separate constructive measures were required, as described in the aforementioned German patent application P 36 02 624.7. Switching to another plastic material with a higher creep modulus is not feasible for cost reasons.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei der vorgenannten Flachpa­lette unter bestimmten Einsatzbedingungen die dort beschriebenen konstruktiven Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Tragfähigkeit nicht ausreichend sind. Festigkeits­analysen des statischen Systems der Flachpalette im Lastfall haben ergeben, daß insbesondere der Momentver­lauf im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen im Lastfall ein äußerst schwierig zu bewältigendes Problem ist.It has been shown that, under certain conditions of use, the constructive measures described there are insufficient for improving the load-bearing capacity in the aforementioned flat pallet. Strength analyzes of the static system of the flat pallet in the case of load have shown that, in particular, the course of the moment in the area of the lifting openings in the case of load is an extremely difficult problem to be overcome.

Ausgehend von der Flachpalette, wie sie im Oberbegriff definiert und auch erprobt ist, wird die Aufgabe dieser Erfindung darin gesehen, eine Flachpalette dieser Art, die lediglich im Bereich ihrer Tragkästen aufgelagert werden soll, aus Kunststoff zu schaffen, die auch bei extremen Lastfällen sich nicht über einen vorgeschrie­benen maximalen Wert durchbiegt, die darüber hinaus auch aus bisher für diesen Zweck verwendeten Kunst­stoffwerkstoffen leicht und kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann, und die zu ihrer Ausbildung extrem wenig Kunststoffwerkstoff benötigt, mit der Folge, daß sie ebenfalls leicht ausgebildet werden kann.Starting from the flat pallet, as defined in the preamble and also tried, the object of this invention is seen in creating a flat pallet of this type, which is only to be stored in the area of its carrier boxes, made of plastic, which does not change even under extreme load cases deflects above a prescribed maximum value that beyond can also be produced easily and inexpensively from plastic materials previously used for this purpose, and which requires extremely little plastic material for their formation, with the result that it can also be easily formed.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch, daß der untere Längsriegel als Zugträger ausgebildet ist und der Gurt des Zugträgers im Bereich der Hebeöff­nungen wenigstens in seinen zu den Ecken der Flachpa­lette gerichteten Bereichen über ein winklig zur Topplatte hin gerichtetes Gurtelement versehen ist, das mit seinem zur Topplatte weisenden Ende im Bereich der Tragkästen an den Untergurt des oberen Längsriegels angeschlossen ist.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the lower longitudinal bar is designed as a tension member and the belt of the tension member is provided in the area of the lifting openings at least in its areas directed towards the corners of the flat pallet via a belt element directed at an angle to the top plate, which is provided with its the end facing the top plate in the area of the support boxes is connected to the lower flange of the upper longitudinal bar.

Der Vorteil dieser vorgeschlagenen Lösung liegt darin, daß das Verformungsproblem im Lastfall dadurch gelöst wird, daß das Eckmoment ME (MK) gemäß der vorgeschlage­nen konstruktiven Ausbildung bei der Einleitung und Durchleitung einer Zugkraft Z im Lastfall im Zugträger aufgebaut werden kann. Im Anschlußpunkt des Gurtele­ments an den Untergurt des oberen Längsriegels kann sich die Zugkraft Z aus dem Gurtelement des Zugträgers und die Druckkraft D aus dem Untergurt des oberen Längsriegels ausgleichen.The advantage of this proposed solution is that the deformation problem in the load case is solved by the fact that the cornering moment M E (M K ) can be built up according to the proposed design when introducing and transmitting a tensile force Z in the load case in the tension member. In the connection point of the belt element to the lower flange of the upper longitudinal bolt, the tensile force Z from the belt element of the tension member and the compressive force D from the lower flange of the upper longitudinal bolt can compensate.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Flachpa­lette ist das zur Topplatte weisende Ende des Gurtele­ments über einen Kniegurt an den Untergurt angeschlos­sen, wobei der Untergurt im Bereich der Tragkästen gegenüber seiner Anordnung im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen über den winklig zum Untergurt verlaufenden Kniegurt vom Obergurt weg parallel versetzt ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird die Druckkraft D über einen Kniegurt, der eine winklige Fortsetzung des Untergurts des oberen Längsriegels bildet, an den Anschlußpunkt zum Gurtelement geleitet, wodurch die Flachpalette in die Lage versetzt wird, noch größere Auflasten bei gleicher Durchbiegung aufzunehmen.According to an advantageous embodiment of the flat pallet, the end of the belt element facing the top plate is connected to the lower flange via a knee belt, the lower flange in the area of the carrying cases being offset from the upper flange parallel to its arrangement in the area of the lifting openings via the knee belt running at an angle to the lower flange. In this embodiment, the pressure force D is via a knee belt, which forms an angular continuation of the lower chord of the upper longitudinal bar, to the connection point directed to the belt element, which enables the flat pallet to take even larger loads with the same deflection.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt der Anschluß des Gurtelements an den Kniegurt im wesentlichen in halber Höhe der verti­kalen Öffnungsweite der Hebeöffnung, was neben stati­schen Vorzügen auch noch den Vorteil hat, daß die Hebeöffnungen im wesentlichen im Bereich ihrer halben Höhe der vertikalen Öffnungsweite die größte Breite haben, so daß die Gabeln von Gabelstaplern problemlos in die Hebeöffnungen eingeführt werden können.Preferably, the belt element is connected to the knee belt essentially at half the height of the vertical opening width of the lifting opening, which in addition to static advantages also has the advantage that the lifting openings have the greatest width essentially in the region of half their height of the vertical opening width, so that the forks of forklifts can be easily inserted into the lifting openings.

Zur Vergrößerung der Auflastfähigkeit weist gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung die Flachpalette im Bereich des Anschlusses des Gurtelements an den Untergurt eine im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte verlaufende und an diese an den Anschluß angeschlossene Druckplatte auf, wobei vorzugsweise im wesentlichen quer zur Druckplatte verlaufend ein im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte verlaufendes und an diese und an die Druckplatte angeschlossenes Plattenelement angeschlossen ist, das wenigstens zwei im wesentlichen rechtwinklig von ihm abstehende Versteifungselemente aufweist. Diese Art der Ausgestaltung der Flachpalette im Anschluß gestattet es, daß die trotz des Ausgleichs zwischen der Zugkraft Z und der Druckkraft D im Anschluß verbleibenden Restkräfte durch die Druckplatte aufgenommen werden können, wobei die Versteifungselemente zusätzlich verhindern, daß das Plattenelement der Druckplatte sich im Lastfall durchbiegt.To increase the load capacity, according to a further embodiment, the flat pallet in the region of the connection of the belt element to the lower flange has a pressure plate which runs essentially vertically to the top plate and is connected to the connection, preferably preferably running essentially perpendicular to the pressure plate Top plate extending and connected to this and connected to the pressure plate element which has at least two stiffening elements projecting substantially at right angles from it. This type of configuration of the flat pallet in the connection allows the residual forces remaining in the connection despite the balance between the tensile force Z and the pressure force D to be absorbed by the pressure plate, the stiffening elements additionally preventing the plate element of the pressure plate from bending under load .

Die hier vorgeschlagene Flachpalette wird, wie schon erwähnt, in der Regel grundsätzlich einstückig ausge­bildet bzw. hergestellt sein. Ein besonderes Problem ist bei der Ausbildung derartiger Flachpaletten mit verhältnismäßig komplizierter konstruktiver Struktur die Entformbarkeit. Um die Entformbarkeit bei einstük­kiger Ausbildung der Flachpalette zu ermöglichen, ist es nötig, daß die Tragkästen nach unten hin offen ausgebildet sind. Um ein Versagen der Konstruktion im Lastfall in Folge der hohen auftretenden Zugspannungen zu verhindern, weisen die zwischen zwei äußeren Tragkä­sten liegenden Tragkästen der Flachpalette vorzugsweise eine Mehrzahl von Längsscheiben auf, wobei wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsscheiben eine Mehrzahl an diese angeschlossener, im wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichteter Verstärkungselemente vorgesehen ist.As already mentioned, the flat pallet proposed here will generally be made or manufactured in one piece. A particular problem is the formation of such flat pallets with a relatively complicated structural structure the demoldability. In order to enable demoldability with a one-piece design of the flat pallet, it is necessary for the support boxes to be open at the bottom. In order to prevent the structure from failing in the event of a load due to the high tensile stresses that occur, the supporting boxes of the flat pallet lying between two outer supporting boxes preferably have a plurality of longitudinal disks, with at least on the outer longitudinal disks a plurality of substantially horizontally aligned ones connected to them Reinforcing elements is provided.

Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die zwischen zwei äußeren mittleren Tragkästen angeordneten inneren Tragkästen ebenfalls eine Mehrzahl von Längsscheiben auf, wobei wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsscheiben jeweils wenigstens ein horizontal an diese angeschlossenes Verstärkungs­element vorgesehen ist, an deren von den Längsscheiben wegweisenden Enden jeweils wiederum im wesentlichen parallel zu den Längsscheiben ausgerichtete vertikale Scheibenelemente angeschlossen sind. Bei dieser Ausfüh­rungsform und bei der vorangehend beschriebenen Ausfüh­rungsform, die sich jeweils auf die mittleren bzw. die an den Ecken befindlichen Tragkästen beziehen, wird eine vollständige Weiterleitung der Zugkraft Z des Zugträgers erreicht.According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner support boxes arranged between two outer central support boxes also have a plurality of longitudinal disks, at least one reinforcement element horizontally connected to them being provided at least on the outer longitudinal disks, at the ends of which point away from the longitudinal disks in turn, vertical disk elements aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal disks are connected. In this embodiment and in the embodiment described above, which each relate to the central or the corner boxes, a complete transmission of the tensile force Z of the tension member is achieved.

Würden die Verstärkungselemente in den Längsscheiben der Tragkästen nicht vorgesehen werden, wäre die Folge, daß die Längsscheiben eine um den Faktor 2 bis 3 im extremen Lastfall zu hohe Zugspannung aufweisen, die bei der starken Spannungsabhängigkeit des Kriechmoduls EK der zum Einsatz kommenden Werkstoffe in vielen Fällen nicht beherrschbar ist, mit der Folge, daß der Werkstoff fließt und die Konstruktion insgesamt versa­gen kann.If the reinforcing elements were not provided in the longitudinal disks of the carrier boxes, the consequence would be that the longitudinal disks have a tensile stress that is too high by a factor of 2 to 3 in extreme load cases, which in many cases is due to the strong tension dependence of the creep modulus E K of the materials used Cases is not manageable, with the result that the material flows and the construction as a whole can fail.

Zur Erleichterung der Entformbarkeit bei einstückig ausgebildeter Flachpalette sind vorzugsweise die Untergurte der oberen Längsriegel über die Kufenbreite der Flachpalette einstückig ausgebildet.In order to facilitate demoldability in the case of a flat pallet formed in one piece, the lower chords of the upper longitudinal bars are preferably formed in one piece over the skid width of the flat pallet.

Demzufolge kann an den vertikalen Außenflächen der Flachpalette, an dem die Hebeöffnungen ausgebildet sind, im wesentlichen im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen eine Mehrzahl nach außen offener Zellen ausgebildet sein, wobei die in vertikaler Richtung untere Zellenwand durch die Untergurte der oberen Längsriegel, die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte und der Zellenbo­den durch Teile der Wandungen in der Topplatte ausge­bildeter Vertiefungen gebildet wird.Accordingly, a plurality of cells open to the outside can be formed on the vertical outer surfaces of the flat pallet, on which the lifting openings are formed, essentially in the area of the lifting openings, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower straps of the upper longitudinal bars and the upper cell wall being made by parts the top plate and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of depressions formed in the top plate.

Analog sind vorzugsweise die vertikalen Außenflächen der Flachpalette quer zu den Hebeöffnungen aufweisenden Außenflächen im wesentlichen im Bereich zwischen den Tragkästen durch eine Mehrzahl nach auBen offener Zellen ausgebildet, wobei die in vertikaler Richtung untere Zellenwand durch den Untergurt des oberen Querriegels, die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte und der Zellenboden durch Teile der Wandungen in der Topplatte ausgebildeter Vertiefungen gebildet wird. Durch diese und die vorangehend beschriebene Ausgestaltung der Flachpalette entsteht an den jeweili­gen Außenflächen eine profilierte Struktur, die bei guter Entformbarkeit hochgradig stabil ist.Analogously, the vertical outer surfaces of the flat pallet, transverse to the outer surfaces having lifting openings, are preferably formed essentially in the area between the carrying boxes by a plurality of cells that are open to the outside, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower flange of the upper transverse bar, the upper cell wall by parts of the Top plate and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of recesses formed in the top plate. This and the design of the flat pallet described above create a profiled structure on the respective outer surfaces, which is highly stable with good demouldability.

Da der Werkstoff, aus dem die Flachpaletten hergestellt werden, beispielsweise HDPE, PE, PP usw., nicht rutsch­fest ist und sich auch nicht mit rutschfesten Werkstof­fen verkleben oder verschweißen läßt, sind vorteilhaf­terweise zur Sicherung der von der Palette zu tragenden Auflasten auf der Oberfläche der Topplatte eine Mehr­zahl geeignet ausgebildeter noppenartiger Vorsprünge vorgesehen, die im wesentlichen von der Topplatte abstehen und geeignet voneinander beabstandet sind. Die Art der Ausbildung der Noppen kann beliebig und je nach Einsatzart der Flachpalette auch unterschiedlich gestaltet sein.Since the material from which the flat pallets are made, for example HDPE, PE, PP etc., is not non-slip and cannot be glued or welded to non-slip materials, it is advantageous to secure the loads to be carried by the pallet on the surface of the Top plate a plurality of suitably designed knob-like projections are provided, which essentially from the top plate stand out and are suitably spaced from each other. The type of formation of the knobs can be designed as desired and, depending on the type of use of the flat pallet, can also be designed differently.

Um beispielsweise Flaschenkästen oder auch andere symmetrische Packeinheiten sicher auf der Flachpalette transportieren und lagern zu können, kann die Flachpa­lette zusätzlich zu den Noppen oder alternativ eine Mehrzahl von geeignet voneinander beabstandeten Bohrun­gen aufweisen, in die vorzugsweise geeignet ausgebilde­te Stopfen zur Sicherung einer Palettenladung vor Verrutschen einbringbar sind. Das Vorsehen von Bohrun­gen und geeignet in diese einsetzbare Stopfen ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn Kunststoff-Fla­schenkästen von der Flachpalette aufgenommen werden sollen, da die bekannten Kunststoff-Flaschenkästen nur in einem ca. 4 cm breiten Randbereich sicherbar sind, zumal im mittleren Bereich der Flachpalette wegen des weitmaschigen Bodenrasters der Kunststoff-Flaschenkä­sten Stopfen wirkungslos sind.In order to be able to safely transport and store bottle crates or other symmetrical packing units on the flat pallet, for example, the flat pallet can have, in addition to the knobs, or alternatively a plurality of bores that are suitably spaced apart and into which preferably designed plugs for securing a pallet load against slipping can be inserted . The provision of bores and plugs suitable for use in these is particularly advantageous when plastic bottle crates are to be picked up from the flat pallet, since the known plastic bottle crates can only be secured in an approximately 4 cm wide edge area, especially in the central area of the flat pallet stoppers are ineffective because of the wide-meshed floor grid of the plastic bottle crates.

Die Bohrungen, in die die Stopfen eingesetzt werden können, weisen vorteilhafterweise einen diese verengen­den unteren Absatz auf, wobei die Bohrungen sich in vertikaler Richtung im Bereich des Absatzes noch einmal konisch verengen. Aufgrund dieser Ausgestaltung der Bohrungen können die Stopfen beispielsweise im Preßsitz in den Bohrungen aufgenommen werden.The bores in which the plugs can be inserted advantageously have a lower shoulder that narrows them, the bores narrowing again conically in the vertical direction in the region of the shoulder. Because of this configuration of the bores, the plugs can be received in the bores, for example, with a press fit.

Die Erfindung wird nun unter Bezugnahme auf die nach­folgenden schematischen Zeichnungen anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles beschrieben. Darin zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Flachpa­lette gemäß der Erfindung,
  • Fig. 2 in einer graphischen Darstellung den Momen­tenverlauf im Hebeöffnungsbereich,
  • Fig. 3a bis 3c die Seitenansicht, die Draufsicht und die Frontansicht auf ein Viertel der Flachpalet­te,
  • Fig. 4a bis 4c vier Schnitte, wobei Schnitt 4 b ein Schnitt durch die in Fig. 3b gezeigte Tragplatte in der Draufsicht ist,
  • Fig. 5a die Draufsicht auf die Flachpalette mit einer Mehrzahl von darauf angeordneten Noppen,
  • Fig. 5b einen Schnitt entlang der Linie N-N von Fig. 5a,
  • Fig. 6a und 6b Schnitte durch die Noppen entlang der Linie L-L und M-M in vergrößertem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch einen Stopfen in vergrös­sertem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt durch eine der in der Topplatte ausgebildeten Bohrungen,
  • Fig. 9 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie E-E von Fig. 4d,
  • Fig. 10 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie H-H von Fig. 13d,
  • Fig. 11 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie F-F von Fig. 13c,
  • Fig. 12 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A von Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 13a einen Schnitt entlang der Linie K-K von Fig. 3 b,
  • Fig. 13b und 13c einen Schnitt durch die Kufen von Fig. 13a,
  • Fig. 13d einen Schnitt entlang der Linie G-G von Fig. 13a und
  • Fig. 13e einen Schnitt entlang der Linie J-J von Fig. 13b.
The invention will now be described with reference to the following schematic drawings using an exemplary embodiment. In it show:
  • 1 is a perspective view of a flat pallet according to the invention,
  • 2 is a graphical representation of the torque curve in the lifting opening area,
  • 3a to 3c the side view, the top view and the front view of a quarter of the flat pallet,
  • 4a to 4c four sections, wherein section 4b is a section through the support plate shown in Fig. 3b in plan view,
  • 5a is a top view of the flat pallet with a plurality of knobs arranged thereon,
  • 5b shows a section along the line NN of Fig. 5a,
  • 6a and 6b sections through the knobs along the line LL and MM on an enlarged scale,
  • 7 shows a section through a stopper on an enlarged scale,
  • 8 shows a section through one of the bores formed in the top plate,
  • 9 shows a section along the line EE of FIG. 4d,
  • 10 shows a section along the line HH of FIG. 13d,
  • 11 shows a section along the line FF from FIG. 13c,
  • 12 shows a section along the line AA of FIG. 3,
  • 13a shows a section along the line KK of Fig. 3b,
  • 13b and 13c a section through the runners of Fig. 13a,
  • Fig. 13d is a section along the line GG of Fig. 13a and
  • 13e shows a section along the line JJ of FIG. 13b.

Die nachfolgend beschriebene Flachpalette weist einen grundsätzlich gleichen Aufbau wie die in der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 36 02 624.7 beschriebene auf, wobei auf die dort beschriebene Flachpalette ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird. Die Flachpalette 15 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem rechteckigen Grundkörper mit im wesentlichen rechteckiger Grundfläche. In den Ecken 150, 151, 152, 153 der Flachpalette sind Tragkästen 20 angeordnet, die bei der hier beschriebenen Ausführungs­form einstückig mit dem Grundkörper der Flachpalette 15 ausgebildet sind. Die Flachpalette 15 wird oben von einer Topplatte 29 begrerzt, die als Auflagerfläche zur Aufnahme von Lasten dient. Im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Topplatte 29 werden vier Palettenseiten 190, 191, 192, 193 gebildet, wobei an jeweils gegenüberliegenden Seiten 190, 191 Hebeöffnungen 23, 24, 25, 26 vorgesehen sind, in die beispielsweise die Gabeln von Gabelstap­lern eingefahren werden können, so daß die Flachpalette 15 angehoben und transportiert werden kann. Auf den beiden jeweils angrenzenden huböffnungsfreien Paletten­seiten 193, 194 sind im wesentlichen mittig zwischen den Ecken 150, 153 sowie 151, 152 Tragkästen 21 vorgesehen die im wesentlichen den gleichen Aufbau wie die in den Ecken 150, 151, 152, 153 ausgebildeten aufweisen. Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbei­spiel sind die Tragkästen 21 jeweils im wesentlichen doppelt ausgebildet.The flat pallet described below has basically the same structure as that described in German patent application P 36 02 624.7, with express reference being made to the flat pallet described there. The flat pallet 15 consists essentially of a rectangular base body with an essentially rectangular base area. Support boxes 20 are arranged in the corners 150, 151, 152, 153 of the flat pallet and, in the embodiment described here, are formed in one piece with the base body of the flat pallet 15. The flat pallet 15 is bounded at the top by a top plate 29, which serves as a support surface for receiving loads. Four pallet sides 190, 191, 192, 193 are formed essentially at right angles to the top plate 29, lifting openings 23, 24, 25, 26 being provided on opposite sides 190, 191, for example, into which the forks of forklift trucks can be inserted, so that the flat pallet 15 can be lifted and transported. Support boxes 21 are located essentially centrally between the corners 150, 153 and 151, 152 on the two adjacent pallet sides 193, 194 which are free of lifting openings provided which have essentially the same structure as that formed in the corners 150, 151, 152, 153. In the embodiment shown here, the support boxes 21 are each essentially double.

Die Tragkästen 20, 21 sind jeweils mit ihrem benachbar­ten Tragkasten in Längsrichtung über obere Längsriegel 16 und in Querrichtung durch obere Querriegel 31 verbunden, wobei in Querrichtung der jeweilig dort angeordnete Tragkasten 21 mit den Tragkästen in den Eckbereichen durch den oberen Querriegel 31 verbunden ist.The support boxes 20, 21 are each connected to their adjacent support box in the longitudinal direction via upper longitudinal bars 16 and in the transverse direction by upper cross bars 31, with the respective support box 21 arranged in the transverse direction being connected to the support boxes in the corner regions by the upper cross bar 31.

Die Topplatte 29 wird im Bereich der oberen Längsriegel 26 und der oberen Querriegel 31 durch Obergurte 162 in Längsrichtung und Obergurte 312 in Querrichtung gebil­det, die jeweils die obere Begrenzung der oberen Längsriegel 16 bzw. der oberen Querriegel 31 bilden.The top plate 29 is formed in the area of the upper longitudinal bars 26 and the upper transverse bars 31 by upper straps 162 in the longitudinal direction and upper straps 312 in the transverse direction, which each form the upper limit of the upper longitudinal bars 16 and the upper transverse bars 31.

Der zwischen den in Längs- und Querrichtung verlaufen­den Obergurten 162, 312 gebildete Teil der Topplatte 29 ist schachbrettartig mit einer Mehrzahl von Vertiefun­gen 35 versehen, wobei der Boden 36 und die Seitenflä­chen 37, 38 der Vertiefungen zusammen mit der Topplatte 29 im Querschnitt ein Z-förmiges Profil bilden. Die Querschnittsform der Vertiefungen 35 kann ebenso wie deren Gesamtzahl in der Topplatte 29 auf gewünschte Weise variiert werden.The part of the top plate 29 formed between the longitudinal and transverse top chords 162, 312 is provided with a plurality of depressions 35 in the manner of a chessboard, the bottom 36 and the side surfaces 37, 38 of the depressions together with the top plate 29 having a Z-section in cross section. form a shaped profile. The cross-sectional shape of the depressions 35, like their total number in the top plate 29, can be varied as desired.

Die Flachpalette ist insgesamt symmetrisch zu ihrer Längs- und Quermittenachse aufgebaut, so daß im Zusam­menhang mit dem Aufbau mit der an die Tragkästen 20, 21 angeschlossenen oberen und unteren Längsriegel 16, 17 sowie der oberen Querriegel 31 lediglich ein Viertel der Flachpalette 15 betrachtet zu werden braucht, wie es in den Figuren dargestellt ist. Wie aus den Figuren ersichtlich ist, besteht der obere Längsriegel 16, der einen Teil der Topplatte 29 bildet, aus einem Obergurt 162, einem Untergurt 60 sowie einer Mehrzahl von beide Gurte im Bereich des Tragkastens 20 und im Bereich der Hebeöffnung 23 verbindenden Stegen. Es sei noch einmal hervorgehoben, daß die Betrachtung und Beschreibung dieses Viertels der Flachpalette für die übrigen drei Viertel entsprechend gilt. Der Obergurt 162 und der Untergurt 160 sind im wesentlichen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet. Der Tragkasten 20, an dem der Obergurt 162 in Form eines Topplattenteils angeschlossen ist, weist mehrere im wesentlichen parallel zueinander und orthogonal zum Obergurt verlaufende Längsscheiben variabler Anzahl auf, auf die hier nicht weiter einge­gangen wird. Im wesentlichen quer zur Ebene der Längs­scheiben sind im Tragkasten 20 Querscheiben angeordnet, deren Anzahl ebenfalls variieren kann und die hier nicht weiter beschrieben werden.The flat pallet is constructed overall symmetrically to its longitudinal and transverse central axis, so that in connection with the structure with the upper and lower longitudinal bars 16, 17 connected to the supporting boxes 20, 21 and the upper transverse bar 31, only a quarter of the flat pallet 15 is to be considered needs, as shown in the figures. As from the figures As can be seen, the upper longitudinal bar 16, which forms part of the top plate 29, consists of an upper flange 162, a lower flange 60 and a plurality of webs connecting the two belts in the region of the carrying case 20 and in the region of the lifting opening 23. It should be emphasized once again that the consideration and description of this quarter of the flat pallet applies accordingly to the remaining three quarters. The upper flange 162 and the lower flange 160 are aligned essentially parallel to one another. The carrier box 20, to which the upper belt 162 is connected in the form of a top plate part, has a plurality of longitudinal disks of variable number which run essentially parallel to one another and orthogonally to the upper belt and are not discussed further here. 20 transverse disks, the number of which can also vary and which are not described further here, are arranged essentially transversely to the plane of the longitudinal disks.

Die an den Tragkasten 20 angrenzende Hebeöffnung 23 ist zur Topplatte hin durch den Untergurt 160 begrenzt und zum Boden der Flachpalette 15 hin durch einen Längsrie­gel 17, der in Form eines mit einem Längssteg 34 versteiften Gurts 170, der die eigentliche untere Begrenzung der Hebeöffnung 26 darstellt, ausgebildet ist. Die seitliche Begrenzung der Hebeöffnung 23 wird durch seitliche Begrenzungsstege 230 gebildet, die im wesentlichen orthogonal zur Topplatte 29 verlaufen.The lifting opening 23 adjoining the carrying case 20 is delimited towards the top plate by the lower flange 160 and towards the bottom of the flat pallet 15 by a longitudinal bar 17, which in the form of a belt 170 stiffened with a longitudinal web 34, which represents the actual lower limit of the lifting opening 26 , is trained. The lateral delimitation of the lifting opening 23 is formed by lateral delimiting webs 230 which run essentially orthogonally to the top plate 29.

Der untere Längsriegel 17 ist als Zugträger ausgebil­det. Der Gurt 170 des Zugträger ist im Bereich der Hebeöffnung 23 in seinem zur benachbarten Ecke 150 der Flachpalette 15 gerichteten Bereich über ein winklig zur Topplatte 29 hin gerichtetes Gurtelement 171 versehen. Das Gurtelement 171 ist mit seinem zur Topplatte 29 weisenden Ende 173 im Bereich des angrenzenden Tragkastens 20 an den Untergurt 160 des oberen Längsriegel 16 angeschlossen.The lower longitudinal bar 17 is designed as a tension member. The belt 170 of the tension member is provided in the area of the lifting opening 23 in its area facing the adjacent corner 150 of the flat pallet 15 via a belt element 171 directed at an angle to the top plate 29. The belt element 171 is with its end 173 facing the top plate 29 in the region of the adjacent support box 20 connected to the lower flange 160 of the upper longitudinal bar 16.

Bei dem in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbei­spiel erfolgt der Anschluß des Gurtelements 171 nicht unmittelbar an den parallel zur Topplatte 29 ausgebil­deten Teil des Untergurts 160, sondern über einen Kniegurt 30. Über den Kniegurt 30 ist der Untergurt 160 im Bereich des Tragkastens 20 gegenüber seiner Anord­nung im Bereich der Hebeöffnung 23 ausgebildet, d. h. der Untergurt 160 ist zum winklig verlaufenden Kniegurt vom Obergurt 162 weg parallel versetzt ausgebildet.In the embodiment shown in the figures, the belt element 171 is not connected directly to the part of the lower flange 160 formed parallel to the top plate 29, but via a knee belt 30. Via the knee belt 30, the lower flange 160 is in the area of the carrying case 20 with respect to its arrangement in Area of the lifting opening 23 is formed, d. H. the lower flange 160 is offset parallel to the angular knee belt from the upper flange 162.

Wie aus den Figuren 4a und 13a ersichtlich ist, erfolgt der Anschluß 174 des Kniegurts 30 und des Gurtelements 171 im wesentlichen auf halber Höhe der vertikalen Öffnungsweite der Hebeöffnung 23.As can be seen from FIGS. 4a and 13a, the connection 174 of the knee belt 30 and the belt element 171 takes place essentially at half the height of the vertical opening width of the lifting opening 23.

Im Bereich des Anschlusses 174 des Gurtelements 171 an den Untergurt 160 ist eine im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte 29 verlaufende und an diese und an den Anschluß 174 angeschlossene Druckplatte 175 vorgesehen. Die Druckplatte 175 weist ein im wesentlichen quer zu ihr im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte verlaufendes und an diese und an die Druckplatte 175 angeschlossenes Plattenelement 176 auf. Wenigstens zwei im wesentlichen rechtwinklig von ihr abstehende Versteifungselemente 177 sind ebenfalls vorgesehen.Provided in the region of the connection 174 of the belt element 171 to the lower flange 160 is a pressure plate 175 which extends essentially vertically to the top plate 29 and is connected to the top plate 29 and to the connection 174. The pressure plate 175 has a plate element 176 which runs essentially transversely to it, essentially vertically to the top plate and is connected to it and to the pressure plate 175. At least two stiffening elements 177 projecting substantially at right angles from it are also provided.

Die äußeren Tragkästen 22, die zwischen zwei Hebeöff­nungen 23, 24 liegen, weisen eine Mehrzahl von Längs­scheiben 27, 270, 271 auf, vgl. Figur 13d. Wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsscheiben 27 ist eine Mehrzahl an diese angeschlossener, im wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichteter Verstärkungselemente 272 vorgesehen.The outer support boxes 22, which lie between two lifting openings 23, 24, have a plurality of longitudinal disks 27, 270, 271, cf. Figure 13d. At least on the outer longitudinal disks 27 there are a plurality of essentially horizontally oriented reinforcing elements 272 connected to them.

Ebenso sind die zwischen zwei äußeren mittleren Tragkä­sten 22 dazwischen angeordneten inneren Tragkästen 220 mit einer Mehrzahl von Längsscheiben 28, 280, 281 versehen. Wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsschei­ben 280, 281 ist wenigstens ein horizontal an diese angeschlossenes Verstärkungselement vorgesehen, an deren von den Längsscheiben 280, 281 wegweisenden Enden 282, 283 jeweils wiederum im wesentlichen parallel zu den Längsscheiben 280, 281 ausgerichtete vertikale Scheibenelemente 284, 285 angeschlossen sind. Durch diese Versetzung der äußeren Längsscheiben 280 nach innen, wird ein kragenartiger Ansatz gebildet, wie er aus Figur 10 ersichtlich ist. Der Kragen um den inneren Tragkasten ermöglicht eine vollständige Weiterleitung der Zugkraft des durch den unteren Längsriegel 17 gebildeten Zugträgers.Likewise, the inner support boxes 220 arranged between two outer middle support boxes 22 are provided with a plurality of longitudinal disks 28, 280, 281. At least on the outer longitudinal disks 280, 281 there is at least one reinforcement element connected horizontally to the latter, to the ends 282, 283 of the ends 282, 283 which point away from the longitudinal disks 280, 281 and in each case in turn vertical disk elements 284, 285 aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal disks 280, 281 are. This inward displacement of the outer longitudinal disks 280 forms a collar-like attachment, as can be seen in FIG. 10. The collar around the inner support box enables a complete transmission of the tensile force of the tension member formed by the lower longitudinal bolt 17.

Die vertikale Außenfläche 190, 191, d. h. die entspre­chende Seite der Flachpalette, an dem die Hebeöffnung 23 ausgebildet ist, ist im wesentlichen im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen 23, 24, 25, 26 insgesamt durch eine Mehrzahl nach außen offener Zellen 194 ausgebildet. Die offenen Zellen 194 werden in vertikaler Richtung im wesentlichen in bezug auf die untere Zellenwand durch den Untergurt 160 des oberen Längsriegels, die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte 29 und der Zellen­boden durch Teile der Wandungen der in der Topplatte ausgebildeten Vertiefungen 35 gebildet.The vertical outer surface 190, 191, i.e. H. the corresponding side of the flat pallet on which the lifting opening 23 is formed is essentially formed in the area of the lifting openings 23, 24, 25, 26 overall by a plurality of cells 194 which are open to the outside. The open cells 194 are formed in the vertical direction essentially with respect to the lower cell wall by the lower flange 160 of the upper longitudinal bar, the upper cell wall by parts of the top plate 29 and the cell bottom by parts of the walls of the recesses 35 formed in the top plate.

Ebenso werden die vertikalen Außenflächen 192, 193 bzw. die entsprechenden Palettenseiten der Flachpalette 15 quer zu den die Hebeöffnungen 23, 24, 25, 26 aufweisen­den Außenflächen 190, 191 im wesentlichen im Bereich zwischen den äußeren Tragkästen 20 durch eine Mehrzahl nach außen offener Zellen 195 ausgebildet. Dabei wird die in vertikaler Richtung untere Zellenwand im wesent­lichen durch den Untergurt 310 des oberen Querriegels 31, die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte 29 und der Zellenboden durch Teile der Wandungen der in der Topplatte 29 ausgebildeten Vertiefungen 35 gebil­det.Likewise, the vertical outer surfaces 192, 193, or the corresponding pallet sides of the flat pallet 15, transversely to the outer surfaces 190, 191 having the lifting openings 23, 24, 25, 26 are essentially in the area between the outer carrier boxes 20 by a plurality of cells 195 open to the outside educated. The lower cell wall in the vertical direction is essentially through the lower flange 310 of the upper cross bar 31, the upper cell wall is formed by parts of the top plate 29 and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls of the depressions 35 formed in the top plate 29.

Durch die vorangehend beschriebene Art der Ausbildung der Flachpalette 15 wird das eingangs erwähnte Verfor­mungsproblem der Flachpalette bei extremen Auflasten gelöst. Anhand der Darstellung von Figur 2 ist der Momentenverlauf im Bereich der Hebeöffnung 23 ersicht­lich. Aufgrund der vorangehend beschriebenen Konstruk­tion findet im Punkt des Anschlusses 174 ein Ausgleich der Zugkraft Z aus dem Gurtelement 171 mit der Druck­kraft D aus dem Kniegurt statt. Das Verformungsproblem wird gemäß den hier beschriebenen konstruktiven Merkma­len dadurch gelöst, daß das Eckmoment ME durch Einlei­tung und Durchleitung der Zugkraft Z im Zugträger aufgebaut werden kann. Aus der Darstellung von Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, daß dieses erfindungsgemäß erreicht wird.The above-described type of configuration of the flat pallet 15 solves the deformation problem of the flat pallet mentioned above in the case of extreme loads. The torque curve in the area of the lifting opening 23 can be seen from the illustration in FIG. Due to the construction described above, the tension Z from the belt element 171 is balanced with the pressure D from the knee belt at the point of the connection 174. The deformation problem is solved in accordance with the design features described here in that the cornering moment M E can be built up by introducing and transmitting the tensile force Z in the tension member. It can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 2 that this is achieved according to the invention.

Um auftretende Spannungsspitzen, hervorgerufen durch Kraftumlenkung, vermindern zu können, ist im Bereich wenigsten des Kniegurts 30 sowie wenigstens an den Kniegurt 30 unmittelbar angrenzenden Bereich des Untergurts 160 ein im wesentlichen orthogonal vom Kniegurt 30 und dem Untergurt 160 wegstehendes flä­chiges Verstärkungselement 164 angeschlossen.In order to be able to reduce occurring tension peaks caused by force deflection, a flat reinforcing element 164 protruding substantially orthogonally from the knee belt 30 and the lower belt 160 is connected in the area of at least the knee belt 30 and at least the area of the lower belt 160 immediately adjacent to the knee belt 30.

Es sei zur Verdeutlichung noch hervorgehoben, daß mit den Begriffen Anschluß bzw. anschließen immer eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung gemeint ist.For the sake of clarity, it should be emphasized that the terms connection or connecting always mean a non-positive connection.

An der Oberfläche der Topplatte ist eine Mehrzahl geeignet ausgebildeter noppenartiger Vorsprünge 291 vorgesehen. Diese können im wesentlichen vertikal von der Topplatte 29 abstehen und geeignet voneinander beabstandet sein, vgl. die Darstellungen von Figuren 5a, b, sowie Figuren 6a, b.A plurality of suitably designed knob-like projections 291 are provided on the surface of the top plate. These can project substantially vertically from the top plate 29 and suitably from one another be spaced, cf. the representations of Figures 5a, b, and Figures 6a, b.

Diese Vorsprünge dienen der rutschfesten Aufnahme von auf der Topplatte 29 der Flachpalette 15 aufzunehmenden Traglasten. Diese noppenartigen Vorsprünge 291 sind deshalb in bestimmten Fällen nötig, weil die zur Herstellung der Flachpaletten 15 verwendeten Kunst­stoffmaterialien wie Polyäthylen, Polypropylen oder dgl. nicht rutschfest sind und auch rutschfeste Werk­stoffe sich auf Oberflächen aus diesem Kunststoffwerk­stoffen nicht verkleben oder verschweißen lassen.These projections serve for the non-slip reception of loads to be carried on the top plate 29 of the flat pallet 15. These knob-like projections 291 are necessary in certain cases because the plastic materials used to produce the flat pallets 15, such as polyethylene, polypropylene or the like, are not non-slip and even non-slip materials cannot be glued or welded to surfaces made of these plastic materials.

Darüber hinaus kann die Topplatte eine Mehrzahl von Bohrungen 192 aufweisen, wie sie in den Figuren 3b, 8 und 12 dargestellt sind. Die Bohrungen können auf der Topplatte 29 geeignet voneinander beabstandet sein, um Flaschenkästen oder dgl. rutschfest auf der Topplatte 29 halten zu können, indem in die Bohrungen 192 Stopfen 293, die aus Hartgummi oder dgl. bestehen können, einbringbar sind. Die Bohrungen 292 weisen einen diese verengenden unteren Absatz 294 auf. Die Bohrungen 292 verengen sich in vertikaler Richtung im Bereich des Absatzes 294 wiederum noch einmal konisch. Die Stopfen 293 können somit in den Bohrungen 292 im Preßsitz sitzen.In addition, the top plate can have a plurality of bores 192, as shown in FIGS. 3b, 8 and 12. The bores on the top plate 29 can be suitably spaced apart from one another in order to be able to hold bottle crates or the like on the top plate 29 in a non-slip manner by inserting plugs 293, which can consist of hard rubber or the like, into the bores 192. The bores 292 have a lower shoulder 294 narrowing them. The bores 292 narrow again conically in the vertical direction in the area of the shoulder 294. The plugs 293 can thus fit into the bores 292 in a press fit.

Der Deckel des Stopfens 293 ragt im wesentlichen 3 - 5 mm über die Topplatte 29 hinaus. Um keine Stufe bzw. keinen Absatz entstehen zu lassen, wird im Randbereich der Deckel des Stopfens 292 winklig angefast. Darüber hinaus kann der Stopfen 293 von kreisrundem, abgesetz­tem Querschnitt sein. Wenigstens der Deckel des Stop­fens 293 ist mit einer Bohrung versehen, um das Ein­pressen des Stopfens 293 durch geeignete Vorrichtungen automatisch ausführen zu können.The cover of the stopper 293 extends essentially 3-5 mm beyond the top plate 29. In order not to create a step or a step, the cover of the stopper 292 is chamfered at an angle in the edge region. In addition, the plug 293 may be of a circular, stepped cross-section. At least the cover of the stopper 293 is provided with a hole in order to be able to automatically press in the stopper 293 using suitable devices.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

15 Flachpalette
150 Palettenecke
151 Palettenecke
152 Palettenecke
153 Palettenecke
16 oberer Längsriegel
160 Untergurt
161 Steg
162 Obergurt
164 Verstärkungselement
17 unterer Längsriegel
170 Gurt
171 Gurtelement
173 Ende des Gurtelements
174 Anschluß
175 Druckplatte
176 Plattenelement
177 Versteifungselement
190 vertikale Außenfläche
191 vertikale Außenfläche
192 vertikale Außenfläche
193 vertikale Außenfläche
194 Zelle
195 Zelle
20 Tragkasten
21 Tragkasten
22 Tragkasten
220 Tragkasten
23 Hebeöffnung
24 Hebeöffnung
25 Hebeöffnung
26 Hebeöffnung
27 Längsscheibe
270 Längsscheibe
271 Längsscheibe
272 Verstärkungselement
28 Längsscheibe
280 Längsscheibe
281 Verstärkungselement
282 Ende des Verstärkungselements
283 Ende des Verstärkungselements
284 Scheibenelement
285 Scheibenelement
29 Topplatte
291 Vorsprung
292 Bohrung
293 Stopfen
294 Absatz
30 Kniegurt
31 oberer Querriegel
310 Untergurt
312 Obergurt
35 Vertiefung
36 Vertiefungsboden
37 Seitenfläche der Vertiefung
38 Seitenfläche der Vertiefung
15 flat pallet
150 pallet corner
151 pallet corner
152 pallet corner
153 pallet corner
16 upper longitudinal bar
160 lower flange
161 footbridge
162 top chord
164 reinforcing element
17 lower longitudinal bar
170 belt
171 belt element
173 End of the belt element
174 connection
175 pressure plate
176 plate element
177 stiffening element
190 vertical outer surface
191 vertical outer surface
192 vertical outer surface
193 vertical outer surface
194 cell
195 cell
20 carrying case
21 carrying case
22 carrying case
220 carrying case
23 lift opening
24 lift opening
25 lift opening
26 lift opening
27 longitudinal disc
270 longitudinal disc
271 longitudinal disc
272 reinforcing element
28 longitudinal disc
280 longitudinal disc
281 reinforcing element
282 end of the reinforcing element
283 end of the reinforcing element
284 disc element
285 disc element
29 top plate
291 head start
292 hole
293 stoppers
294 paragraph
30 knee belt
31 upper cross bar
310 lower chord
312 top chord
35 deepening
36 recess floor
37 side surface of the recess
38 side surface of the recess

Claims (15)

1. Flachpalette mit im wesentlichen rechteckiger Grundfläche, insbesondere zur Verwendung in Hochrega­len, welche obere und untere Längsriegel, bei denen die oberen Längsriegel durch einen Untergurt und einen im wesentlichen zu ihm parallelen Obergurt gebildet werden, sowie obere Querriegel umfaßt, die im wesentli­chen orthogonal zueinander verlaufen, wenigstens vier in den Eckbereichen der Flachpalette angeordnete, der Auflagerung der Flachpalette dienende Tragkästen, die an die Längs- und Querriegel angeschlossen sind, sowie eine Mehrzahl von seitlichen Hebeöffnungen, deren untere, zum Boden der Flachpalette weisende Begrenzung im wesentlichen durch einen unteren Längsriegel gebil­det wird, der in Form eines mit einem Längssteg ver­steiften Gurt ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Längsriegel (17) als Zugträger ausgebil­det ist und der Gurt (170) des Zugträgers im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) wenigstens in seinem zu den Ecken (150, 151, 152, 153) der Flachpalette (15) gerichteten Bereichen über ein winklig zur Topplatte (29) hingerichtetes Gurtelement (171) versehen ist, daß mit seinem zur Topplatie (29) weisenden Ende (173) im Bereich der Tragkästen (20) an den Untergurt (160) des oberen Längsriegels (16) angeschlossen ist.1. Flat pallet with a substantially rectangular base area, in particular for use in high racks, which comprises upper and lower longitudinal bars, in which the upper longitudinal bars are formed by a lower flange and a substantially parallel upper flange, and upper transverse bolts, which are essentially orthogonal to one another run, at least four in the corner areas of the flat pallet, serving to support the flat pallet, which are connected to the longitudinal and transverse bars, and a plurality of side lifting openings, the lower, facing the bottom of the flat pallet essentially by a lower longitudinal bar is formed, which is designed in the form of a belt stiffened with a longitudinal web, characterized in that the lower longitudinal bar (17) is designed as a tension member and the belt (170) of the tension member in the region of the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26) at least in his to the corners (150, 151, 152, 153) the Flac pallet (15) areas is provided via a belt element (171) which is arranged at an angle to the top plate (29) and which has its end (173) facing the top plate (29) in the region of the carrying cases (20) on the lower flange (160) of the upper longitudinal bar (16) connected. 2. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß das zur Topplatte (29) weisende Ende (173) des Gurtelements (171) über einen Kniegurt (30) an den Untergurt (160) angeschlossen ist, wobei der Untergurt (160) im Bereich der Tragkästen (20) gegenüber seiner Anordnung im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) über den winklig zum Untergurt (160) verlaufenden Kniegurt (30) vom Untergurt (162) weg parallel versetzt ist.2. Flat pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the top plate (29) facing end (173) of the belt element (171) via a knee belt (30) is connected to the lower flange (160), the lower flange (160) in the region the carrying case (20) is offset parallel to its arrangement in the area of the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26) via the knee belt (30) running at an angle to the lower flange (160) away from the lower flange (162). 3. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß der Anschluß (174) des Gurtelements (171) an den Kniegurt (30) im wesentlichen in halber Höhe der vertikalen Öffnungsweite der Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) erfolgt.3. Flat pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection (174) of the belt element (171) to the knee belt (30) takes place substantially at half the height of the vertical opening width of the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26). 4. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich des Anschlusses (174) des Gurtelements (171) an den Unter­gurt (160) eine im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte (29) verlaufende und an diese und an den Anschluß (174) angeschlossene Druckplatte (175) vorgesehen ist.4. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the region of the connection (174) of the belt element (171) to the lower flange (160) a substantially vertical to the top plate (29) and to this and on the connection (174) connected pressure plate (175) is provided. 5. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß im wesentlichen quer zur Druckplatte (175) verlaufend ein im wesentlichen vertikal zur Topplatte (30) verlaufendes und an diese und an die Druckplatte (175) angeschlossenes Plattenelement (176) angeschlos­sen ist, das wenigstens zwei im wesentlichen recht­winklig von ihm abstehende Versteifungselemente (177) aufweist.5. Flat pallet according to claim 4, characterized in that a transverse to the pressure plate (175) extending substantially vertically to the top plate (30) and to this and to the pressure plate (175) connected plate element (176) is connected, at least has two stiffening elements (177) projecting essentially at right angles from it. 6. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen zwei äußeren Tragkästen (20) liegenden Tragkästen (22) eine Mehrzahl von Längsscheiben (27, 270, 271) aufweisen, wobei wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsscheiben (27) eine Mehrzahl an diese angeschlossener, im wesent­lichen horizontal ausgerichteter Verstärkungselemente (272) vorgesehen ist.6. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between two outer support boxes (20) lying support boxes (22) have a plurality of longitudinal disks (27, 270, 271), at least on the outer longitudinal disks (27) a plurality of reinforcing elements (272), which are connected to them and are arranged substantially horizontally, are provided. 7. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen zwei äußeren mittleren Tragkästen (22) angeordneten inneren Tragkästen (220) eine Mehrzahl von Längsscheiben (28, 280, 282) aufweisen, wobei wenigstens an den außen liegenden Längsscheiben (280, 281) jeweils wenigstens ein horizontal an diese angeschlossenes Verstärkungs­element (281) vorgesehen ist, an deren von den Längs­scheiben (280, 281) wegweisenden Enden (282, 283) jeweils wiederum im wesentlichen parallel zu den Längsscheiben (280, 281) ausgerichtete vertikale Scheibenelemente (284, 285) angeschlossen sind.7. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner support boxes (220) arranged between two outer middle support boxes (22) have a plurality of longitudinal disks (28, 280, 282), at least on the outside lying longitudinal disks (280, 281) each have at least one reinforcement element (281) connected horizontally to them, at their ends (282, 283) pointing away from the longitudinal disks (280, 281) again in each case essentially parallel to the longitudinal disks (280, 281 ) aligned vertical disc elements (284, 285) are connected. 8. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Untergurte der oberen Längsriegel (16) über die Kufenbreite der Flachpalette (15) ausgebildet sind.8. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lower chords of the upper longitudinal bar (16) are formed over the skid width of the flat pallet (15). 9. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vertikalen Außenflächen (190, 191) der Flachpalette, an denen die Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) ausgebildet sind, im wesentlichen im Bereich der Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) durch eine Mehrzahl nach außen offener Zellen (194) ausgebildet sind, wobei die in vertikaler Richtung untere Zellenwand durch die Untergurte (160) der oberen Längsriegel (16), die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte (29) und der Zellenboden durch Teile der Wandungen in der Topplatte 29 ausgebildeter Vertie­fungen (35) gebildet wird.9. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the vertical outer surfaces (190, 191) of the flat pallet, on which the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26) are formed, substantially in the region of the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26) are formed by a plurality of cells (194) which are open to the outside, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower straps (160) of the upper longitudinal bars (16) and the upper cell wall being formed by parts of the top plate ( 29) and the cell floor by parts of the Walls in the top plate 29 formed recesses (35) is formed. 10. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vertikalen Außenflächen (192, 193) der Flachpalette (15) quer zu den Hebeöffnungen (23, 24, 25, 26) aufweisenden Außen­flächen (190, 191) im wesentlichen im Bereich zwischen den Tragkästen (20) durch eine Mehrzahl nach außen offener Zellen (195) ausgebildet sind, wobei die in vertikaler Richtung untere Zellenwand durch den Unter­gurt (310) des oberen Querriegels (309), die obere Zellenwand durch Teile der Topplatte (29) und der Zellenboden durch Teile der Wandungen in der Topplatte (29) ausgebildeter Vertiefungen (35) gebildet wird.10. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the vertical outer surfaces (192, 193) of the flat pallet (15) transverse to the lifting openings (23, 24, 25, 26) having outer surfaces (190, 191) essentially in the area between the supporting boxes (20) are formed by a plurality of cells (195) which are open to the outside, the lower cell wall in the vertical direction being formed by the lower flange (310) of the upper cross bar (309) and the upper cell wall by parts of the top plate (29) and the cell bottom is formed by parts of the walls in the top plate (29) formed recesses (35). 11. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche der Topplatte (29) mit einer Mehrzahl geeignet ausge­bildeter, noppenartiger Vorsprünge (291) versehen ist, die im wesentlichen vertikal von der Topplatte (29) abstehen und geeignet voneinander beabstandet sind.11. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the surface of the top plate (29) is provided with a plurality of suitably designed, knob-like projections (291) which project substantially vertically from the top plate (29) and are suitably spaced from each other. 12. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Topplatte (29) eine Mehrzahl von geeignet voneinander beabstan­deten Bohrungen (292) aufweist.12. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the top plate (29) has a plurality of suitably spaced bores (292). 13. Flachpalette nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß in die Bohrungen (292) Stopfen (293) zur Sicherung einer Palettenladung vor Verrutschen ein­bringbar sind.13. Flat pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that plugs (293) can be introduced into the bores (292) to secure a pallet load against slipping. 14. Flachpalette nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bohrungen (292) einen diese verengenden unteren Absatz (294) aufweisen, wobei die Bohrungen (292) sich in vertikaler Richtung im Bereich des Absatzes (294) konisch veren­gen.14. Flat pallet according to one or both of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the bores (292) have a narrowing lower paragraph (294), the bores (292) being vertical Narrow the direction in the area of the heel (294). 15. Flachpalette nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 2 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich wenigstens des Kniegurts (30) sowie wenigstens an den Kniegurt (30) unmittelbar angrenzenden Bereich des Untergurts (160) ein im wesentlichen orthogonal vom Kniegurt (30) und Untergurt (160) wegstehendes flächi­ges Verstärkungselement angeschlossen ist.15. Flat pallet according to one or more of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that in the region of at least the knee belt (30) and at least on the knee belt (30) immediately adjacent region of the lower flange (160) a substantially orthogonal from the knee belt (30) and the lower flange (160) projecting flat reinforcing element is connected.
EP88111904A 1987-07-29 1988-07-23 Flat pallet Withdrawn EP0301445A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873725160 DE3725160C1 (en) 1987-07-29 1987-07-29 Flat pallet
DE3725160 1987-07-29

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EP0301445A2 true EP0301445A2 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301445A3 EP0301445A3 (en) 1990-05-23

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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ES2058012A2 (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-10-16 Gimenez Daniel Monzon Pallet with couplable longitudinal members for stackable loads
BE1009801A3 (en) * 1994-10-10 1997-08-05 Redondo Amadeo Bernedo Palette.
FR2747645A1 (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-24 Kute Kunststofftechnik Enginee PALLET IN SYNTHETIC MATERIAL
EP0858953A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-19 Michael Hubertus Richterich Frame for transporting prefabricated fences
EP1025012A1 (en) * 1997-08-26 2000-08-09 Vicfam Plastics Pty. Ltd. Plastics pallets and moulding apparatus for producing plastics pallets and other plastic articles
WO2001066427A1 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Sinteco S.R.L. Industria Italiana Plastica Plastic pallet with high strength structure
US6874428B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-04-05 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic pallet
ITMN20090027A1 (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-06-30 Luca Zacchi MODULAR PACKING SYSTEM.
US8230793B2 (en) 2007-06-15 2012-07-31 Rehrig Pacific Company Nestable pallet
PL424263A1 (en) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-15 Krzysztof Michał Witos Transport palette

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DE3913677A1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1990-10-31 Thomas Lorenz Pallet for rolls of carpet, etc. - has sockets in pallet ends for better hold of rolls, and two rectangular support plates which are connected by two tubes
DE4128883A1 (en) * 1990-10-31 1993-03-04 Delbrouck Franz Gmbh Lightweight plastic pallet prodn. - by injection moulding in one piece and comprises flat load bearing surface, hollow projecting feet and hollow stiffening ribs
JP2572700B2 (en) * 1992-07-20 1997-01-16 株式会社明治ゴム化成 Grommets for plastic pallets
DE4312957C2 (en) * 1993-04-21 1997-03-06 Klowski Reinhold Tool for making pallets with smooth outer sides
DE19746142A1 (en) * 1997-10-18 1999-04-29 Streuber Sulo Eisenwerk F Plastics pallet
US6283044B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2001-09-04 Rehrig Pacific Company Pallet assembly
US6250234B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2001-06-26 Rehrig Pacific Company Method of reinforcing a plastic pallet
USD443969S1 (en) 1999-10-22 2001-06-19 Rehrig Pacific Company Pallet
US11104479B2 (en) * 2018-11-13 2021-08-31 Chep Technology Pty Limited Stackable half-size plastic pallet

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DE3545918A1 (en) * 1984-12-31 1986-08-28 Reinhold Dipl.-Ing. 2000 Wedel Klowski Flat pallet
DE8602218U1 (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-01-22 Klowski, Reinhold, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Wedel Flat pallet

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2058012A2 (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-10-16 Gimenez Daniel Monzon Pallet with couplable longitudinal members for stackable loads
BE1009801A3 (en) * 1994-10-10 1997-08-05 Redondo Amadeo Bernedo Palette.
FR2747645A1 (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-24 Kute Kunststofftechnik Enginee PALLET IN SYNTHETIC MATERIAL
GB2312415A (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-29 Kute Kunststoff Technik Engine Plastic Pallet
WO1997039956A1 (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-30 Kute Kunststofftechnik Engineering Gmbh & Co. Plastic pallet
NL1005834C2 (en) * 1996-04-22 1999-08-16 Kute Kunststofftechnik Enginee Plastic pallet.
GB2312415B (en) * 1996-04-22 1999-12-01 Kute Kunststofftechnik Enginee Plastic pallet
ES2152767A1 (en) * 1996-04-22 2001-02-01 Kute Kunststofftechnik Enginee Plastic pallet
EP0858953A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-19 Michael Hubertus Richterich Frame for transporting prefabricated fences
EP1025012A4 (en) * 1997-08-26 2003-05-02 Vicfam Plastics Pty Ltd Plastics pallets and moulding apparatus for producing plastics pallets and other plastic articles
EP1025012A1 (en) * 1997-08-26 2000-08-09 Vicfam Plastics Pty. Ltd. Plastics pallets and moulding apparatus for producing plastics pallets and other plastic articles
US6508182B1 (en) * 1997-08-26 2003-01-21 Vicfam Plastics Pty Ltd. Plastics pallets and moulding apparatus for producing plastics pallets and other plastic articles
WO2001066427A1 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Sinteco S.R.L. Industria Italiana Plastica Plastic pallet with high strength structure
US6874428B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2005-04-05 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic pallet
US7845289B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2010-12-07 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic pallet
US8215244B2 (en) 2001-12-18 2012-07-10 Rehrig Pacific Company Plastic pallet
US8230793B2 (en) 2007-06-15 2012-07-31 Rehrig Pacific Company Nestable pallet
ITMN20090027A1 (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-06-30 Luca Zacchi MODULAR PACKING SYSTEM.
WO2011080788A1 (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-07 Luca Zacchi A modular packing system
US9994375B2 (en) 2009-12-30 2018-06-12 Luca Zacchi Modular packing system
PL424263A1 (en) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-15 Krzysztof Michał Witos Transport palette

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DE3725160C1 (en) 1989-03-02
EP0301445A3 (en) 1990-05-23

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