EP0267108A1 - Miniaturisierter Transformator - Google Patents

Miniaturisierter Transformator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0267108A1
EP0267108A1 EP19870402451 EP87402451A EP0267108A1 EP 0267108 A1 EP0267108 A1 EP 0267108A1 EP 19870402451 EP19870402451 EP 19870402451 EP 87402451 A EP87402451 A EP 87402451A EP 0267108 A1 EP0267108 A1 EP 0267108A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
winding
substrate
conductors
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19870402451
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rao Yedavalli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Digital Equipment Corp
Original Assignee
Digital Equipment Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Digital Equipment Corp filed Critical Digital Equipment Corp
Publication of EP0267108A1 publication Critical patent/EP0267108A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804Printed windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804Printed windings
    • H01F2027/2809Printed windings on stacked layers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804Printed windings
    • H01F2027/2819Planar transformers with printed windings, e.g. surrounded by two cores and to be mounted on printed circuit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to transformers, and more particularly to miniaturized power transformers and inductors that are used with electrical circuits such as those mounted on closely packed printed circuit boards.
  • Miniaturized transformers have been provided for a number of purposes, but none have been suitable for providing the power needed to operate many electronic circuits. As a result for some purposes it is necessary to provide some electric circuits with standard wire-wound transformers that are relatively bulky. These transformers are difficult, if not impossible, to install in some locations where space is at premium, such as on a printed circuit board that is placed in close proximity to other circuit boards.
  • each winding is in the form of a spiral embedded on an insulating matrix on a rigid substrate.
  • the individual turns of each winding are spiraled around the substrate and the spirals are stacked or layered on top of each other.
  • the window layers are separated from each other by an insulating dielectric.
  • the substrates are assembled with a magnetic core that provides a magnetic path around the windings.
  • Miniaturized transformers such as these are of limited use.
  • the turns, formed or fused conductive particles have a vertical profile of approximately 1 mil, (0.001 ⁇ ). If the transformer is used for a power transfer application, the internal resistance of the windings will dissipate a significant fraction of the power to be transferred, with consequent inefficiency. Moreover, the heat generated in the windings may cause such a temperature rise that the insulating dielectrics will melt or burn out, causing the windings to short circuit. Thus, these transformers can only be used for low-power applications, e.g. 10 watts or less.
  • the windings layers are separated from each other by a relatively great distance, the thickness of the rigid substrate. Since inductive coupling is inversely proportional to the distance between the coils, this means that the power transfer efficiency of the transformer is reduced. This problem can be very significant for multiple secondary windings that are spaced more than a substrate away from the primary winding.
  • each winding must be provided with a separate substrate. If the transformer is designed to have more than two or three windings its thickness will significantly increase and the unit can no longer be considered miniature.
  • the distance between the individual windings should be mi nimal so as to maximize inductive coupling.
  • the transformer should have a thin profile, regardless of the number of windings, so it can be used at locations where space is at a premium.
  • the transformer should be relatively economical to manufacture.
  • This invention comprises a miniaturized transformer with windings located on a single, multi-layered printed circuit board.
  • Each winding is composed of a number of turns of a conductor etched on a thin substrate board. Some windings have more turns than can be accomodated on a single board. These turns are electrically connected by buried vias that extend through the substrate boards.
  • the individual winding boards are separated from each other by layers of insulating material. The substrate boards and insulating layers are pressed together to form a winding assembly.
  • the winding assembly is provided with a center leg hole around which the windings' turns are spiraled.
  • a low-reluctance magnetic core has a center leg that extends through the center leg hole to provide a magnetic path which encloses the windings.
  • This transformer may be used for low or high power applications.
  • the conductors that carry the current are designed to carry the required current and can be relatively thick and relatively wide. Therefore, the windings have only minimal internal resistance, so that only a small fraction of the applied energy is dissipated in them.
  • the individual winding layers are insulated from each other by the layer of insulation between adjacent substrate boards.
  • the buried vias through which the winding layers are interconnected can be spaced apart from each other so as to minimize the possibility of arcing regardless of the potential difference between them.
  • the transformer may be used in applications involving the transfer of up to 200 watts or more of power.
  • each substrate board and insulation layer is relatively thin.
  • the transformer retains a thin profile and can be used in locations where space is at a premium.
  • the individual windings are spaced closely together, and the power density around the magnetic core is relatively high.
  • the inductive coupling between the adjacent windings is correspondingly increased.
  • This increases the power transfer efficiency of the transformer.
  • the adjacent windings and turns are located in close proximity to each other the leakage inductance and stray capacitance that can reduce the efficiency of the transformer can be closely controlled.
  • individual transformers can be manufactured almost entirely by automated processes. As a result, there is little variance in the operating characteristics of individual units. This feature is of special importance when the transformer is to by operated in situations where exact design characteristics must be met, such as for high frequency applications.
  • this invention can be manufactured with a single, continuous winding to form a miniaturized inductor.
  • the transformer is relatively economical to manufacture.
  • FIGS 1-3 illustrate a transformer 10 comprising a multi-layered winding assembly 12 enclosed within a magnetic core 14.
  • the winding assembly is provided with a number of plated-through bore terminals 18 so the transformer can be electrically connected to other components.
  • the magnetic core comprises an E-shaped magnetic core 20, adjacent to one surface of the printed circuit board, mated to an I-shaped magnetic core 22 adjacent to the opposite surface.
  • Center leg 24 of the E-core extends through central leg hole 26 in the printed circuit board.
  • the E-core also includes a pair of outer legs 28 that are adjacent to opposite edges of the winding assembly 12.
  • the winding assembly 12 comprises a plurality of substrate boards 30a through 30f stacked on top of each other.
  • the substrate boards 30 are separated from each other by insulator layers 32 approximately 6 mils thick (only one shown).
  • the substrate boards and the insulation layers each have center holes 34, that combine to define the printed circuit board central leg hole 26.
  • Each substrate board is approximately 6 mils thick with a conductor 38 approximately 4-14 mils thick etched on at least one side thereof (illustrated with a conductor on one side only).
  • industry standard G-10 boards are used for the substrate boards 30, copper is used as the conductor 38, and Kapton or polyimide film serves as the insulation layer.
  • winding 40 is the primary winding and windings 42 and 44 are secondary windings.
  • winding 40 is located on boards 30a and 30b
  • winding 42 is located on boards 30c and 30d
  • winding 44 is located on boards 30e and 30f.
  • the conductors 38 on each side of a substrate board 30 and on the separate boards, that comprise an individual continuous winding are electrically connected to each other by a buried via bores 48.
  • inner terminal point 50 of the conductor on substrate board 30e is located directly above inner terminal points 52 of the conductor on board 30f.
  • the terminal points are connected to each other by conductive plating 46 on the cylindrical surfaces of the buried via bores 48, best seen by reference to Figure 1.
  • the buries bia bores are plated holes that are formed in both the substrate boards 30 and in the insulation layers 32.
  • the buried vias 48 are spaced apart, or isolated, from each other around the assembly 12 a sufficient distance so as to substantially minimize the possibility of arcing between adjacent vias if there is a relatively high potential difference between them.
  • the winding assembly 12 is also provided with a number of terminal condu ctors 54 to connect the windings 40, 42 and 44 to the appropriate terminal bores 18.
  • the conductors 54 are located on a terminal board 56 that is on the opposite side of the bottommost substrate board 30f.
  • the individual conductors 54 are connected to the appropriate windings by additional buried vias 48.
  • Each winding comprises a conductor with the appropriate characteristics for the current it is designed to carry.
  • winding 42 is designed to provide a low-voltage, high-current output.
  • the conductor in the winding thus has a relatively broad cross section so that it has as minimal a current dissipating resistance as possible.
  • Winding 44 is designed to provide a high-voltage low-current output and it requires a conductor with only a narrow cross-sectional area.
  • the winding assembly 12 has a relatively thin profile.
  • Each substrate board 30 with insulation layer 32 of the printed circuit board is approximately 20 mils thick.
  • a winding assembly 12 can be provided with three or more windings, each of which occupies several winding boards, and still have a thin profile. This makes it convenient to install the transformer in a location where space is minimal, such as in electrical device assemblies where circuit boards are closely stacked together.
  • Another advantage of having a winding assembly 12 with a reduced profile is that the length of the magnetic path around the core magnets 20,22 is reduced. For a given power input the power density is greater than that of a conventional transformer. This increase in power density makes the transformer a more effective power transfer component.
  • the insulation between the adjacent spirals and the spacing of the buried vias minimize the possibility of arcing between adjacent conductive elements.
  • the conductors 38 may be provided with relatively wide cross-sectional areas so as to minimize their internal resistance.
  • this transformer may be used for high power, 200 watts or more, transfer applications.
  • the inductive coupling characteristics of the transformer are enhanced. This is especially important if the transformer is used for high-frequency applications, (20 kHz or greater), where a significant amount of energy could be lost through leakage inductance. Also, in comparison to paired spirals connected by a length of conductive material, there is almost no loss of power transfer through leakage inductance of the buried vias connecting adjacent spirals.
  • the transformer of this invention can be manufactured almost entirely by use of automated assembly equipment. This insures that each transformer will be essentially identical with other transformers in its class. Parasitic parameters, such as leakage inductance and distributed capacitance, will not vary significantly from transformer to transformer. This is an important consideration when the transformer is to be used on a circuit where its operating characteristics must not vary beyond designated limits. Moreover, existing inexpensive printed circuit boards and E - I magnetic cores can be readily adapted to provide the parts necessary to form the transformer of this invention. Thus, this transformer is economical to produce.
  • an inductor 110 can be provided according to this invention.
  • the inductor includes a winding assembly 112, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 formed of at least one substrate board 130, (three 130a, b, and c, are shown).
  • An insulator layer 132 is located between adjacent substrate boards.
  • a single, continuous inductor winding 140 extends between two or more terminal bores 118 located on the assembly 112, and be connected between either the opposite sides of an individual substrate board or between the adjacent substrate b oards by buried vias 148.
  • the winding board 112 may be provided with a center leg hole 126 and enclosed within a magnetic core 114 as described according to the first embodiment of this invention. Also, as shown by Fig.
  • the opposite sides of one of the substrate boards, here 130c, may serve as a terminal board 156 and carry one or more terminal conductors 154 that extend between inductor terminal bores 118 and the inductor winding 140. Additional buried vias 148 are used to connect the terminal conductor to the inductor winding.
  • the transformer is a distinct component that is to be installed in electronic circuits such as on a mother board.
  • the transformer, or the inductor can be made as an integral part of the circuit in which it is to be used. This is done by providing a "mother" printed circuit board with a number of layered windings on separate substrate boards embedded therein.
  • the mother board would also be provided with openings adjacent to the windings so a magnetic core can be installed around the windings, to form a complete transformer.
  • Other circuit elements can then be positioned on the mother board to form a complete circuit.
  • the only part of the transformer that will project above the surface of the mother board will be the outer portions of the magnetic core.
  • the winding assembly 12 may be made using flexible circuit technology.
  • the substrate boards 30 may be made from Kapton film.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP19870402451 1986-10-31 1987-10-30 Miniaturisierter Transformator Withdrawn EP0267108A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US92611386A 1986-10-31 1986-10-31
US926113 1986-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0267108A1 true EP0267108A1 (de) 1988-05-11

Family

ID=25452774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870402451 Withdrawn EP0267108A1 (de) 1986-10-31 1987-10-30 Miniaturisierter Transformator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0267108A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63173308A (de)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2252208A (en) * 1991-01-24 1992-07-29 Burr Brown Corp Hybrid integrated circuit planar transformer
EP0506362A2 (de) * 1991-03-25 1992-09-30 Satosen Co., Ltd. Spule
US5321380A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-06-14 Power General Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
EP0689214A1 (de) * 1994-06-21 1995-12-27 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Herstellungsverfahren für Substrat mit mehrschichtigen gedruckten Spulen, Substrate mit gedruckten Spulen und Komponenten mit gedruckten Spulen
EP0698896A1 (de) * 1994-08-24 1996-02-28 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Gedruckte Spule
EP0715322A1 (de) 1994-12-02 1996-06-05 The Mtl Instruments Group Plc Transformatoren
WO1996017360A1 (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-06 Northrop Grumman Corporation Planar pulse transformer
US5565837A (en) * 1992-11-06 1996-10-15 Nidec America Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
WO1997014170A1 (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-17 Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. Coil winding structure of flyback transformer
EP0771012A2 (de) 1994-08-24 1997-05-02 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Transformator mit gedruckten Spulen
US5724016A (en) * 1995-05-04 1998-03-03 Lucent Technologies Inc. Power magnetic device employing a compression-mounted lead to a printed circuit board
US5770991A (en) * 1991-11-22 1998-06-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Inductor winding with conductive ribbon
US5929733A (en) * 1993-07-21 1999-07-27 Nagano Japan Radio Co., Ltd. Multi-layer printed substrate
US5992005A (en) * 1996-04-12 1999-11-30 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method of manufacturing a power magnetic device
US6000128A (en) * 1994-06-21 1999-12-14 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Process of producing a multi-layered printed-coil substrate
US6073339A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-06-13 Tdk Corporation Of America Method of making low profile pin-less planar magnetic devices
US6114932A (en) * 1997-12-12 2000-09-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Inductive component and inductive component assembly
US6124778A (en) * 1997-10-14 2000-09-26 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Magnetic component assembly
US6147583A (en) * 1998-05-26 2000-11-14 Artesyn Technologies Transformer assembly
EP1211701A1 (de) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-05 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Planar-Induktivität mit einem ferromagnetischen Kern und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2006038157A2 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power converter for led large area light source lamp
CZ298069B6 (cs) * 1998-07-06 2007-06-13 Nascentechnology, Inc. Vícevrstvý transformátor s elektrickým spojením vmagnetickém jádru
WO2008128913A1 (de) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elektronisches bauelement
EP2716142A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2014-04-09 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (PUBL) Thermoelektrische leiteranordnung für mehrschichtige leiterplatten
US8936724B2 (en) 2007-10-03 2015-01-20 Emd Millipore Corporation Filtration cartridge formed of stacked plates
CN105469946A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-04-06 上海继胜磁性材料有限公司 手机充电器及其pcb变压器

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW436823B (en) * 1994-06-29 2001-05-28 Yokogawa Electric Corp Prited coil type transformer
EP2227314B1 (de) * 2007-10-03 2017-10-25 EMD Millipore Corporation Filterpatrone mit gestapelten platten
DE102011001015B4 (de) 2011-03-02 2016-03-03 Nordson Holdings S.À.R.L. & Co. Kg Filterelement für die Filtrierung eines Fluids und daraus gebildete Filtereinheit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002260A (en) * 1961-10-03 shortt etal
US3484731A (en) * 1967-10-05 1969-12-16 Edward L Rich Printed circuit inductor
EP0035964A1 (de) * 1980-03-07 1981-09-16 Walch, Rudolf Induktionsscheibenwicklung
US4367450A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-01-04 Ernie Carillo Electrical reactor construction
DE3148192A1 (de) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrische spule aus leiterbahnen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3002260A (en) * 1961-10-03 shortt etal
US3484731A (en) * 1967-10-05 1969-12-16 Edward L Rich Printed circuit inductor
EP0035964A1 (de) * 1980-03-07 1981-09-16 Walch, Rudolf Induktionsscheibenwicklung
US4367450A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-01-04 Ernie Carillo Electrical reactor construction
DE3148192A1 (de) * 1981-12-05 1983-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektrische spule aus leiterbahnen

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2252208A (en) * 1991-01-24 1992-07-29 Burr Brown Corp Hybrid integrated circuit planar transformer
GB2252208B (en) * 1991-01-24 1995-05-03 Burr Brown Corp Hybrid integrated circuit planar transformer
EP0506362A2 (de) * 1991-03-25 1992-09-30 Satosen Co., Ltd. Spule
EP0506362A3 (en) * 1991-03-25 1994-05-18 Satosen Co Ltd Coil
US5402098A (en) * 1991-03-25 1995-03-28 Satosen Co., Ltd. Coil
US5770991A (en) * 1991-11-22 1998-06-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Inductor winding with conductive ribbon
US5321380A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-06-14 Power General Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
US5565837A (en) * 1992-11-06 1996-10-15 Nidec America Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
US5929733A (en) * 1993-07-21 1999-07-27 Nagano Japan Radio Co., Ltd. Multi-layer printed substrate
KR100373410B1 (ko) * 1994-06-21 2003-05-09 스미토모 도큐슈 긴조쿠 가부시키가이샤 다층 프린터 코일기판의 제조방법과 프린터 코일부품 및 프린터 코일 기판
US5952909A (en) * 1994-06-21 1999-09-14 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Multi-layered printed-coil substrate, printed-coil substrates and printed-coil components
US6000128A (en) * 1994-06-21 1999-12-14 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Process of producing a multi-layered printed-coil substrate
EP0689214A1 (de) * 1994-06-21 1995-12-27 Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. Herstellungsverfahren für Substrat mit mehrschichtigen gedruckten Spulen, Substrate mit gedruckten Spulen und Komponenten mit gedruckten Spulen
US5521573A (en) * 1994-08-24 1996-05-28 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Printed coil
EP0771012A2 (de) 1994-08-24 1997-05-02 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Transformator mit gedruckten Spulen
EP0807941A2 (de) * 1994-08-24 1997-11-19 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Gedruckte Spule
EP0807941A3 (de) * 1994-08-24 1998-02-25 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Gedruckte Spule
EP0698896A1 (de) * 1994-08-24 1996-02-28 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Gedruckte Spule
WO1996017360A1 (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-06 Northrop Grumman Corporation Planar pulse transformer
EP0715322A1 (de) 1994-12-02 1996-06-05 The Mtl Instruments Group Plc Transformatoren
US5724016A (en) * 1995-05-04 1998-03-03 Lucent Technologies Inc. Power magnetic device employing a compression-mounted lead to a printed circuit board
US6128817A (en) * 1995-05-04 2000-10-10 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method of manufacturing a power magnetic device mounted on a printed circuit board
US6262649B1 (en) * 1995-05-04 2001-07-17 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Power magnetic device employing a leadless connection to a printed circuit board and method of manufacture thereof
WO1997014170A1 (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-17 Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd. Coil winding structure of flyback transformer
US5992005A (en) * 1996-04-12 1999-11-30 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method of manufacturing a power magnetic device
US6073339A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-06-13 Tdk Corporation Of America Method of making low profile pin-less planar magnetic devices
US6124778A (en) * 1997-10-14 2000-09-26 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Magnetic component assembly
US6114932A (en) * 1997-12-12 2000-09-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Inductive component and inductive component assembly
US6147583A (en) * 1998-05-26 2000-11-14 Artesyn Technologies Transformer assembly
CZ298069B6 (cs) * 1998-07-06 2007-06-13 Nascentechnology, Inc. Vícevrstvý transformátor s elektrickým spojením vmagnetickém jádru
EP1211701A1 (de) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-05 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Planar-Induktivität mit einem ferromagnetischen Kern und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2006038157A2 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power converter for led large area light source lamp
WO2006038157A3 (en) * 2004-10-01 2006-08-17 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Power converter for led large area light source lamp
US7554822B2 (en) 2004-10-01 2009-06-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Power converter for led large area light source lamp
WO2008128913A1 (de) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-30 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elektronisches bauelement
US8936724B2 (en) 2007-10-03 2015-01-20 Emd Millipore Corporation Filtration cartridge formed of stacked plates
EP2716142A1 (de) * 2011-06-01 2014-04-09 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (PUBL) Thermoelektrische leiteranordnung für mehrschichtige leiterplatten
CN105469946A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2016-04-06 上海继胜磁性材料有限公司 手机充电器及其pcb变压器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63173308A (ja) 1988-07-16

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