EP0251410A1 - Transparent soap - Google Patents
Transparent soap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0251410A1 EP0251410A1 EP87201229A EP87201229A EP0251410A1 EP 0251410 A1 EP0251410 A1 EP 0251410A1 EP 87201229 A EP87201229 A EP 87201229A EP 87201229 A EP87201229 A EP 87201229A EP 0251410 A1 EP0251410 A1 EP 0251410A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- fatty acids
- composition according
- fatty acid
- transparent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/02—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap on alkali or ammonium soaps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0095—Solid transparent soaps or detergents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/007—Soaps or soap mixtures with well defined chain length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/262—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing carbohydrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/267—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing free fatty acids
Definitions
- Transparent soap particularly transparent toilet soap
- transparent soap is a known product.
- the manufacture of transparent soap was complicated and involved expensive techniques like mixing with high shear mixers or, for example, addition of alcohol as a solvent for the soap.
- GB-A-2 126 603 Cold Palmolive Co.
- lanolin fatty acids
- a mixture of tallow fat and coconut oil soap was prepared in the classical manner by boiling, to which the other ingredients such as lanolin (fatty acid), possibly polyol etc. are added.
- this soap composition which contains about 0.5% sodium chloride as well as glycerol, are therefore added lanolin (fattty acid), etc.
- the sodium chloride present serves to salt out the soap and also imparts the required hardness to the soap tablet to be made.
- the soap can also be prepared by continuous saponification of fatty acid, whereafter, evidently, the further components like, for example, lanolin are incorporated.
- the invention now provides a transparent soap composition which can be prepared, in a simple manner, by means of direct saponification of fatty acid and this composition differs from that according to British patent specification (GB-A-) 2 126 603 in that there is no lanolin (fatty acid) present and the amount of sodium chloride is less than 0.2%, while the soap tablet manufactured therefrom is of excellent transparency and also, for example, sufficiently hard and has excellent foaming characteristics.
- GB-A- British patent specification
- the soap composition is preferably as follows:
- transparent soap also contains potassium and/or triethanolamine soap
- excellent results have already been obtained with predominantly or even exclusively sodium soap.
- Triethanol amine soaps are preferably applied in amounts below 15% (ww).
- C10-C14 fatty acids normally coconut fatty acids or palmkernel fatty acids are used; as C16-C22 fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated), tallow and/or palm oil fatty acids are very suitable and these are advantageously partially replaced so as to contain up to 40% of branched chain monocarboxylic acids.
- Suitable branched chain monocarboxylic acids are conveniently obtained as a by-product of the polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids.
- the branched chain monocarboxylic acids have short side-chains (C1-C3) distributed over the carbon chain with a statistic preference for the centre carbon atoms.
- sugar alcohols like e.g. sorbitol, mannitol, and so-called (poly)glycols derived from C2-C3 glycols having a molecular weight between 62 and 1200 are considered as thermostable polyol; also other C3-C6 polyols containing 3-6 hydroxyl groups polyols like trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerol can be used.
- C10-C22 fatty acids particularly C10-C14 fatty acids
- saponification can also be carried out with a smaller than stoechiometric amount of alkali metal hydroxide.
- the saponification takes place at temperatures of 20-160°C and at atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure.
- the saponification can take place in an autoclave which is operated atmospherically or under pressure, or in a unit specially designed for saponification.
- the hydroxide it is preferable that, predominantly or even exclusively, sodium hydroxide is used.
- Adding potassium hydroxide brings no or little improvement and, in any case, increases the price of the product.
- perfume, stabilizers and dyes must be considered. These ingredients should be chosen judiciously, because they can cause opacity.
- suitable components for transparent soaps are already known.
- the present invention also provides a simple process for preparing transparent soaps, in which a fatty acid mixture of C16-C18 and C10-C14 fatty acids and possibly other components in a suitable ratio to each other is saponified, completely or not completely, and, after addition of the other components B and C as defined above, is dried to a water content of 12-20% and the material thus obtained is processed, preferably with a standard soap-processing unit, to transparent soap tablets.
- This equipment for example, consists of a mixer in which the perfume and dye are mixed with the soap granules, a refiner-plodder and a vacuum-plodder, in which, at the outlet, an extruded bar of soap is formed that is cut into billets and stamped to tablets.
- the transparency of this soap was slightly better than that of the above Example.
- Example II In a manner analogous to that described in Example I, a transparent soap composition was prepared. Now, however, not 75 g technical lauric acid was added, but 42 g, and this resulted in a transparent soap composition with 0.01% NaCl and 3% free fatty acid content. In this case the light absorption was appreciably lower than that obtained according to Example 1, namely 25%.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
- A: 55-79.5% (ww) alkali metal or tertiary amine soap of a fatty acid mixture consisting of
90-70% (ww) C₁₆-C₂₂ fatty acids and
10-30% (ww) C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids; - B: 7-20% (ww) of a thermostable polyol;
- C: 0.5-7.5% (ww) free C₁₀-C₂₂ fatty acids;
- D: 12-20% (ww) water;
- E: less than 0.2% (ww) NaCL;
- F: Up to 2% of conventional components like perfume, dye, stabilizer, etc.
Description
- The application relates to a transparent soap composition. Transparent soap, particularly transparent toilet soap, is a known product. However, the manufacture of transparent soap was complicated and involved expensive techniques like mixing with high shear mixers or, for example, addition of alcohol as a solvent for the soap. Also it has often been necessary to incorporate considerable amounts of special components like resin fatty acid soap, lanolin or suchlike.
- A recent development in this field is disclosed in GB-A-2 126 603 (Colgate Palmolive Co.) in which lanolin (fatty acids) are incorporated in the soap mixture and in which, as appears from the examples, a mixture of tallow fat and coconut oil soap was prepared in the classical manner by boiling, to which the other ingredients such as lanolin (fatty acid), possibly polyol etc. are added. Subsequently, to this soap composition, which contains about 0.5% sodium chloride as well as glycerol, are therefore added lanolin (fattty acid), etc. The sodium chloride present serves to salt out the soap and also imparts the required hardness to the soap tablet to be made. In the description of the British patent specification it is also mentioned incidentally on page 6, line 29, that the soap can also be prepared by continuous saponification of fatty acid, whereafter, evidently, the further components like, for example, lanolin are incorporated.
- For simple processing according to the British specification, it would be desirable to feed all components directly into a device which effects direct saponification of fatty acids, but then the complication occurs that the lanolin saponifies, which spoils its activity.
- The invention now provides a transparent soap composition which can be prepared, in a simple manner, by means of direct saponification of fatty acid and this composition differs from that according to British patent specification (GB-A-) 2 126 603 in that there is no lanolin (fatty acid) present and the amount of sodium chloride is less than 0.2%, while the soap tablet manufactured therefrom is of excellent transparency and also, for example, sufficiently hard and has excellent foaming characteristics.
- Accordingly, the application provides a transparent soap of the following composition:
- A: 55-79.5% (ww) alkali metal or tertiary amine (soap of a fatty acid mixture consisting of :
90-70%, preferably 85-70% (ww) C₁₆-C₂₂ fatty acids and
10-30%, prefrably 15-30% (ww) C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids; - B: 7-20% (ww) of a thermostable polyol, i.e. a polyol not discolouring appreciably at 150°C;
- C: 0.5-7.5% (ww) free C₁₀-C₂₂ fatty acids;
- D: 12-20% (ww) water;
- E: less than 0.2% (ww) NaCl;
- F: Up to 2% of usual components like perfume, dye, stabilizer, etc.
- The soap composition is preferably as follows:
- A: 64-78%
- B: 8-15%
- C: 2- 5%
- D: up to 16%, preferably at least 12%
- E: less than 0.1% (ww) NaCl.
- Although, as a rule, transparent soap also contains potassium and/or triethanolamine soap, according to the present invention excellent results have already been obtained with predominantly or even exclusively sodium soap. Triethanol amine soaps are preferably applied in amounts below 15% (ww).
- As C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids, normally coconut fatty acids or palmkernel fatty acids are used; as C₁₆-C₂₂ fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated), tallow and/or palm oil fatty acids are very suitable and these are advantageously partially replaced so as to contain up to 40% of branched chain monocarboxylic acids. Suitable branched chain monocarboxylic acids are conveniently obtained as a by-product of the polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids. The branched chain monocarboxylic acids have short side-chains (C₁-C₃) distributed over the carbon chain with a statistic preference for the centre carbon atoms.
- In the first place, sugar alcohols like e.g. sorbitol, mannitol, and so-called (poly)glycols derived from C₂-C₃ glycols having a molecular weight between 62 and 1200 are considered as thermostable polyol; also other C₃-C₆ polyols containing 3-6 hydroxyl groups polyols like trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, glycerol can be used.
- As unsaponified fatty acid starting material, C₁₀-C₂₂ fatty acids, particularly C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids, are particularly suitable. They can be added as such, but saponification can also be carried out with a smaller than stoechiometric amount of alkali metal hydroxide. The saponification takes place at temperatures of 20-160°C and at atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure. The saponification can take place in an autoclave which is operated atmospherically or under pressure, or in a unit specially designed for saponification. As far as the hydroxide is concerned, it is preferable that, predominantly or even exclusively, sodium hydroxide is used. Adding potassium hydroxide brings no or little improvement and, in any case, increases the price of the product. As usual components, perfume, stabilizers and dyes must be considered. These ingredients should be chosen judiciously, because they can cause opacity. However, from the prior art suitable components for transparent soaps are already known.
- The present invention also provides a simple process for preparing transparent soaps, in which a fatty acid mixture of C₁₆-C₁₈ and C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids and possibly other components in a suitable ratio to each other is saponified, completely or not completely, and, after addition of the other components B and C as defined above, is dried to a water content of 12-20% and the material thus obtained is processed, preferably with a standard soap-processing unit, to transparent soap tablets. This equipment, for example, consists of a mixer in which the perfume and dye are mixed with the soap granules, a refiner-plodder and a vacuum-plodder, in which, at the outlet, an extruded bar of soap is formed that is cut into billets and stamped to tablets.
- 2000 gram of a mixture consisting of 80% tallow fatty acids (substantially consisting of about 24% palmitic acid, 20% stearic acid, 2% myristic acid and 40% oleic acid and homologues thereof) and 20% coconut fatty acids (mainly consisting of about 5% capric acid, 50% lauric acid, 20% myristic acid, 11% palmitic acid and 10% oleic acid) were mixed and heated to 60°C. Hereafter, this mixture was saponified at 100°C by adding it to 1105 g aqueous sodium hydroxide (27.6% solution in water) in an autoclave. After 10 minutes, 464 g sorbitol solution (70% in water), 75 g technical lauric acid (93% pure), 42 g polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight (M) of 400 and 12.5 ml aqueous solution of the Na salt of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid (EHDP) (30% in water) were added to this so-called "neat soap". After thorough mixing of these components, the whole mixture was dried to a water content of 16%. The NaCl content was smaller than 0.01% (mainly from the technical grade sodium hydroxide), the free fatty acid content 5.3%. After processing to noodles, the visual transparency thereof was good. The noodles were fed into a plodder; a continuous bar was obtained, which was cut and stamped, yielding soap tablets. Such an uncoloured soap tablet of 2 cm thickness absorbed only 40% of a white light beam.
- In a manner analogous to that described in Example I, a transparent soap was prepared in which the 42 g polyglycol was replaced by 40 g polyethyleneglycol (M = 1000) and drying was carried out to a water content of 18%; the NaCl content was also below 0.01%. The transparency of this soap was slightly better than that of the above Example.
- In a manner analogous to that described in Example I, a transparent soap composition was prepared. Now, however, not 75 g technical lauric acid was added, but 42 g, and this resulted in a transparent soap composition with 0.01% NaCl and 3% free fatty acid content. In this case the light absorption was appreciably lower than that obtained according to Example 1, namely 25%.
- According to a process analogous to that of Example 1, a fatty acid mixture consisting of 62% straight chain C₁₆-C₂₂ monocarboxylic (= fatty) acid, 22% (ww) C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids and 16% (ww) branched chain C₁₈-C₂₂ fatty acids (by-product of the polymerization of fatty acids) were saponified with 97% of the stoechiometric amount of sodium hydroxide. Further processing was identical with that of Example 1 but no fatty acid was added after saponification. The NaCl content was below 0.01%; the light absorption was 20%.
Claims (10)
90-70% (ww) C₁₆-C₂₂ fatty acids and 10-30% (ww) C₁₀-C₁₄ fatty acids;
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IN212/BOM/86A IN166801B (en) | 1986-11-03 | 1987-11-03 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8601701 | 1986-06-30 | ||
NL8601701A NL8601701A (en) | 1986-06-30 | 1986-06-30 | TRANSPARENT SOAP. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0251410A1 true EP0251410A1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
Family
ID=19848242
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87201229A Withdrawn EP0251410A1 (en) | 1986-06-30 | 1987-06-26 | Transparent soap |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0251410A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6339998A (en) |
KR (1) | KR880000570A (en) |
AU (1) | AU7492687A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8703299A (en) |
DK (1) | DK332587A (en) |
FI (1) | FI872876A (en) |
MT (1) | MTP1005B (en) |
NL (1) | NL8601701A (en) |
NO (1) | NO872717L (en) |
PT (1) | PT85202A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992005241A1 (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1992-04-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bar soap compositions containing sucrose |
US5945389A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1999-08-31 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Personal cleansing soap-synthetic bar compositions with low levels of nonionic, polyethylene/polypropylene glycol polymers for improved mildness |
WO2005080541A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-01 | Unilever Plc | Improved detergent bar |
WO2011018337A1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-17 | Unilever Plc | Concentrated liquid soap formulations having readily pumpable viscosity |
US8080503B2 (en) | 2005-06-18 | 2011-12-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing bar compositions comprising a high level of water |
US8129327B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2012-03-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Packaging for high moisture bar soap |
CN106544191A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-29 | 北京玫瑰谷香露有限公司 | A kind of natural essential oil soap and its preparation technology |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4758370A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-07-19 | Neutrogena Corp. | Compositions and processes for the continuous production of transparent soap |
JPH064876B2 (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1994-01-19 | 乾 恵美子 | Transparent soap |
JP2562937B2 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1996-12-11 | 株式会社資生堂 | Detergent composition |
GB8814295D0 (en) * | 1988-06-16 | 1988-07-20 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic composition |
US8093200B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2012-01-10 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Fast dissolving solid detergent |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL264272A (en) * | 1960-01-26 | 1900-01-01 | ||
GB1247009A (en) * | 1968-04-23 | 1971-09-22 | Unilever Ltd | Preservatives for detergent bar |
US3864272A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-02-04 | Armour Dial Inc | Process for making translucent soap bars |
US4165293A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-08-21 | Amway Corporation | Solid transparent cleanser |
EP0053222A1 (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1982-06-09 | Neutrogena Corporation | Transparent soap |
GB2126603A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1984-03-28 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Transuculent soaps and processes for manufacture thereof |
-
1986
- 1986-06-30 NL NL8601701A patent/NL8601701A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1987
- 1987-06-26 EP EP87201229A patent/EP0251410A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-06-26 MT MT1005A patent/MTP1005B/en unknown
- 1987-06-29 PT PT85202A patent/PT85202A/en unknown
- 1987-06-29 NO NO872717A patent/NO872717L/en unknown
- 1987-06-29 DK DK332587A patent/DK332587A/en unknown
- 1987-06-29 BR BR8703299A patent/BR8703299A/en unknown
- 1987-06-29 AU AU74926/87A patent/AU7492687A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1987-06-30 KR KR1019870006681A patent/KR880000570A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-06-30 FI FI872876A patent/FI872876A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-06-30 JP JP62163881A patent/JPS6339998A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL264272A (en) * | 1960-01-26 | 1900-01-01 | ||
GB1247009A (en) * | 1968-04-23 | 1971-09-22 | Unilever Ltd | Preservatives for detergent bar |
US3864272A (en) * | 1973-01-12 | 1975-02-04 | Armour Dial Inc | Process for making translucent soap bars |
US4165293A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-08-21 | Amway Corporation | Solid transparent cleanser |
EP0053222A1 (en) * | 1980-12-01 | 1982-06-09 | Neutrogena Corporation | Transparent soap |
GB2126603A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1984-03-28 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Transuculent soaps and processes for manufacture thereof |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992005241A1 (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1992-04-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bar soap compositions containing sucrose |
TR25505A (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1993-05-01 | Procter & Gamble | MOLD SOAP COMPOSITIONS ARE SOFTENING AID AND A PROCESS AID CREATING SUCROSE AS AREA AND CREAMED IN ICE CREAM |
US5945389A (en) * | 1994-05-10 | 1999-08-31 | The Proctor & Gamble Company | Personal cleansing soap-synthetic bar compositions with low levels of nonionic, polyethylene/polypropylene glycol polymers for improved mildness |
WO2005080541A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-01 | Unilever Plc | Improved detergent bar |
CN100471941C (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2009-03-25 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | Improved detergent bar |
US8080503B2 (en) | 2005-06-18 | 2011-12-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing bar compositions comprising a high level of water |
US8129327B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2012-03-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Packaging for high moisture bar soap |
WO2011018337A1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-02-17 | Unilever Plc | Concentrated liquid soap formulations having readily pumpable viscosity |
CN102470258A (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2012-05-23 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | Concentrated liquid soap formulations having readily pumpable viscosity |
CN102470258B (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2014-07-23 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | Concentrated liquid soap formulations having readily pumpable viscosity |
EA023389B1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2016-05-31 | Унилевер Н.В. | Concentrated liquid soap compositions |
CN106544191A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-29 | 北京玫瑰谷香露有限公司 | A kind of natural essential oil soap and its preparation technology |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7492687A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
NL8601701A (en) | 1988-01-18 |
NO872717D0 (en) | 1987-06-29 |
PT85202A (en) | 1987-07-01 |
NO872717L (en) | 1988-01-04 |
JPS6339998A (en) | 1988-02-20 |
DK332587D0 (en) | 1987-06-29 |
FI872876A0 (en) | 1987-06-30 |
DK332587A (en) | 1987-12-31 |
BR8703299A (en) | 1988-03-15 |
KR880000570A (en) | 1988-03-26 |
FI872876A (en) | 1987-12-31 |
MTP1005B (en) | 1988-10-18 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19871029 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI NL SE |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880704 |
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Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19881115 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HELMOND, JOHANNES Inventor name: VREESWIJK, JOHANNES JOSEPHUS Inventor name: BOER, BERNARDUS JOSEPHUS Inventor name: DIJKERS, JOHANNES LAURENS CORNELIS |