EP0224900A2 - Système de commutation, régulation, amplification et/ou atténuation pour fréquences radio - Google Patents

Système de commutation, régulation, amplification et/ou atténuation pour fréquences radio Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224900A2
EP0224900A2 EP86116650A EP86116650A EP0224900A2 EP 0224900 A2 EP0224900 A2 EP 0224900A2 EP 86116650 A EP86116650 A EP 86116650A EP 86116650 A EP86116650 A EP 86116650A EP 0224900 A2 EP0224900 A2 EP 0224900A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplification
switching
regulation
voltage
block
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Application number
EP86116650A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0224900A3 (fr
Inventor
Tino Giuseppe Motta
Natale Motta
Emilia Zappa
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
    • H04H20/76—Wired systems

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a switching, regulation, amplification and/or attenuation system, which may be adapted to R.F. switches, amplifiers and cohvertors.
  • the present invention refers to a switching, regulation, amplification and/or attenuation system, which may be applied to switches, amplifiers and R.F. convertors, particularly suitable to be employed for the realization of radio and television systems or the like, whether fixed or mobile.
  • the switching system of the present invention combined with a radio frequency selector or switch, whether amplified or not, permits one to carry out remote control switching and possibly the regulation of the radio frequency signals coming from one or more reception and/or distribution systems and/or from two or more television aerials separately connected to the inlets of an R.F. switch.
  • Said switching system combined with a unit for the R.F. signal conversion and processing, permits one to select and convert, in turn, into a particular frequency or channel specific frequencies or channels presented simultaneously at the unique inlet of the same conversion unit.
  • this switching and/or regulation system permits one to carry out, rapidly and safely, one or more switches and/or regulations either continuous or sequenced by remote control, even if the connection between the control box and the switching equipment, consisting-of coaxial cable or ordinary type and/or a bipolar conductor, results as being in the range of 50 ⁇ 100 metres or over.
  • the electronic remote control switching of two or more R.F. inlets of a switch for radio television frequencies, situated at a certain distance from the power supply and control box, is at present accomplished by means of systems which, due to their performance and high sensitivity to inevitable variations of the control or power supply voltage(s), caused by technical connection reasons, do not allow safe switching over long distances or rapid switching from one to the other R.F. inlet of a selector, unless the other intermediate inlets are switched, thus putting the operator into difficulty.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above inconveniences using a switching system, the working of which is based on the principle of sending to the inter- connection cable, connecting the receiver to the various reception systems (aerials or the like), different voltage levels, and/or different polarities in a continuative manner; in particular, the switching regulation, amplification and/or attenuation system, which is the object of the present invention.
  • Another purpose is that of being able to include in a reception installation an adjustable amplification, tuning or attenuation system of the R.F. signals in question, operating separately or in junction, both externally, upstream or downstream of the various R.F. inlets and outlets of the R.F. switch and/or R.F. conversion unit, and directly in a block of components comprising all together, a R.F. switch or convertor: also of being able to carry out, besides the normal switching of the R.F. switch and/or conversion unit, also the continuous or sequenced regulation of the attenuation, amplification or tuning of the system, either directly from the control and/or power supply box or by means of the relative remote control.
  • a switching, regulation, amplification and/or attenuation system including an identification, switching and/or regulation circuit, which, combined with m R.F. switch, is able to cause the reaction of, thereby selecting, one of the various inlets of the above mentioned R.F. switch and, furthermore, in some construction versions, is able to adjust the tuning or amplification or attenuation of the radio-frequency signals pas-. sing through the various R.F. components of the system, by means of direct current of different voltage and/or polarity sent by the operator even from a great distance along the same cable used for connecting the receiver to the various reception elements.
  • the same identification, switching and/or regulation circuit can be combined with a unit for the conversion and processing of the R.F.
  • Another aim of this invention is to be able to fit, both upstream and downstream of an R.F. switching module or R.F. convertor and processor module, combined with the relative switching and regulation circuits, some adjustable and tunable amplifiers or attenuators, which operate under the same voltages as the system and may be controlled at a distance by means of the power supply and control box.
  • the switching and/or regulation system.of this invention is particularly suitable for the realization of functional equipment operating as R.F. selectors/switches at two or more R.F. inlets, R.F. conversion units with commutable frequency and R.F. amplification or attenuation systems destined to be employed for simplifying the realization and development of the installations for the reception and/or distribution of radio-television signals or the like.
  • the power supply, control for the switching of the various inlets and/or of the frequency to be converted and/or the regulation of the amplification, attenuation or tuning of this apparatus is conducted at a distance by means of direct current at different polarities and/or voltages supplied by a power supply and/or control box, which, by means of a low-pass filter,transmits the control voltage onto the same cable which acts as a conveyor for the R.F. signals selected and/or processed by the various apparatus to the receiving system.
  • the control in order to obtain the various voltages to be sent to the R.F. apparatus, may be carried out, depending on the construction versions, on the same power supply or control box and/or by means of a remote control of common or coded type.
  • the different functions obtainable from the various devices may be achieved in one swoop by a single R.F. apparatus containing all the functions, or by several R.F. units, each having one or more combined functions.
  • block 7 may consist, for example, of: a switch . panel or selector of the various R.F. inlets of block 20, one or two multiple-position switches or one or two potentiometers to carry out the adjustment of the tuning, amplification or attenuation of blocks 20 and/or 25 and 25'.
  • block 7 consists of.a decoder and actuator power-supplied by module 4 through inlet7A possibly combined with one or two potentiometers or switches to enable the manual control of the adjustment.
  • the decoder receives impulses or signals on inlet 7B and, once processed, it transforms them into controls to be sent to inlets 4C, 4D or 4E;
  • Said inlet is connected to box 1 by means of a common twin or bipolar wire of small dimensions (for example, in section 2 X 0.5 mmq), one end of which is connected to the box or ground of injector 10 in the version comprising separate parts.
  • a common twin or bipolar wire of small dimensions for example, in section 2 X 0.5 mmq
  • Figure 3 shows the wiring diagram of filter or injector 10 or the various R.F. filters (11A, B, C, D, E, X and Y) indicated in figures 4, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 14 .
  • Figure 6 shows a diagram quite similar to that of figure 6A, representing a functioning under positive voltage. Likewise, a system on entirely negative voltages may be devised. With reference to figure 8, showing the operating diagram of block 20 represented in figure 7 are indicated :
  • figure 9 shows the operating diagram, on different and only positive voltages, of block 20 represented in figure 7. Should one choose the operation on all negative voltages, that stated to this regard when describing figure 6, applies.
  • the switching system at several fixed voltage levels, moreover, permits one to change from one voltage to another and consequently to carry out the various controls even randomly.
  • the system has been adopted which sends alternatively on connection cable 19 voltages, that, besides being different in voltage levels, also vary in polarity (positive and negative), due to the following reasons:
  • the same controls, 6 for example may be made by utilizing half voltage levels, (as compared to the previous example), since three controls are activated by the three positive voltages and the other three controls are activated by the remaining three negative voltages.
  • control or power supply box 1 is powered on 1A by the line voltage (for example, 220 V), and supplies a direct current on outlet 1B.
  • This voltage may be varied in voltage and/or polarity either by means of controls sent by remote control 9 or by means of a switch panel and/or one or two multiple positions potentiometers or switches.
  • the switch panel, one or two potentionmeters and/or switches are available in the versions with hybrid or manual control only, i.e. without remote control 9 on box 1 and are included in block 7 utilizing the preferable solution with control box 1 separated from injector 10, (figures 15 - 18 - 20).
  • outlet 1B The output voltage of outlet 1B is sent, by means of any twin or bipolar wire 1S, to injector 10.
  • Injector 10 receiving the voltage switched by box 1 on inlet 17, transmits it, through connection 12, onto interconnection cable 19 normally used for normal radiofrequency transmission to radio television receivers.
  • Cable 19 appears as being connected to outlet 20E of switching unit or block 20 by possibly inserting an amplification, attenuation or tuning module 25.
  • the circuits contained in block 22 permit, furthermore, the control of the amplification, attenuation or tuning circuits, which are either built-in or coupled to the R.F. switch.
  • Figure 2 shows the block diagram of a preferred but not limitative embodiment of the system control and power supply box 1.
  • Block 3 insulates the remaining electronic part of the system from the line voltage and supplies to inlet 4A of block 4 a low level voltage.
  • Block 4 converts from alternate into direct (A.C. - D.C.) the voltage received from 4A and then, by means of stabilizing circuits (known type) supplies a voltage on outlet 4B and then 1B. This voltage presents different level characteristics depending on the controls received on inlets 4D or 4E through module 7.
  • Module 4 moreover, by receiving a control on inlet 4C, permits the polarity of the output voltage of 1B to be inverted.
  • the convertor and stabilizer module 4 supplies to inlets 7A and 8A of the respective modules 7 and 8 a basic voltage for the operation of the respective electronic circuits.
  • module 4 provides also to inlet 6A of module 6, containing some luminous indicators, the data relative to the normal operation, overload, or short circuit conditions, of power supply and control box 1, so as to enable the operator to identify immediately a possible situation of apparatus in working, but in overload or short-circuit conditions, independently of what is displayed by the indicators or displays intended for displaying the other functions.
  • the display of the R.F. inlet selected or channel converted is provided on the front side of power supply box 1 by means of either a first section of an alphanumeric or numeric display, or at a lower cost, by means of luminous indicators, such as, for example, led diodes or bulbs, in one of the following manners :
  • the display on the control or power supply box 1 of the variation from minimum to maximum of amplification, tuning or attenuation is provided by means of a second section of the numeric or alphanumeric display, for example, by using symbols varying from 0 to 9, or, at a lower cost, by varying the degree of luminosity of a luminous indicator or by the numerical and proportional ON and Off condition of a given number of indicators, or, more simply, in the manually operated or hybrid versions, by means of inner or outer grading on the knob of the two potentiometers or switches intended for controlling the variation.
  • the normal, overload or short-circuit operating conditions are signallediby the ON or OFF conditions of a luminous indicator on box 1.
  • an infrared remote control for example, block 7 is realized by means of an impulse or control detector circuit, coupled to'a timed integrating circuit.
  • the operation of control and power supply box 1 consists in sending impulses or signals, by means of a common remote-control 9, to inlet 8B of block 8; these signals or impulses, once pre-amplified by block 8, reach inlet 7A of block 7.
  • Block 7 containing detection, integration and timing circuits, analyzes the time it takes to receive the impulses or signals in a continuous manner and thus, if the signals have been received for a comparatively long period of time, for example, two to five seconds, module 7 starts controlling the various inlets - 4C, 4D and/or 4E - of module 4, sequentially and at a prefixed recurrence rate, so as to obtain on outlet 1B of power supply and control box 1, voltages at different polarity and level, such as in the other construction versions.
  • the sequential switching of the various output voltages of 1B is therefore obtainable by means of constant transmission of impulses through remote control 9, after a set period of time, for example, two to five seconds, during which said impulses are constantly sent.
  • control 1 is obtainable by pressing and keeping pressed any switch or remote control 9 provided with receivers 33; after the set time (2 to 5 seconds), the circuits contained in the control box will start the switching and/or regulation sequence ; this sequence will be stopped by releasing the switch which has been kept constantly pressed.
  • the remote control of box 1 is obtainable by constantly pressing any switch of remote-control 9 for a set period of time, for example, two to five seconds, in order to obtain a first switching or regulation ; then, to continue in the sequence, it is just necessary to release for a moment the pressed switch, then repressing it, in order to obtain a subsequent switching or regulation and so on.
  • the initial time necessary to cause the reaction of the circuits of module 7, during which impluses by means of remote control 9 are to be continually sent is adjustable, for example, by means of an accessible trimmer, fitted into the control box 1, so as to permit the intervention of the circuits contained in module 7 after a shorter or longer time, as compared to the example given, in order to adapt the sensitivity or response of the circuits of module 7 to the various wave and/or frequency forms provided by the various types of remote-control devices available on the market, and to adjust operation of box 1 so as to avoid its reaction during normal use of the same remote control 9, to accomplish the normal control functions of receiver 33, such as, for example, the change in channels.
  • receiver 33 will be normally switched to the desired channel or frequency and the power supply and control box 1, designed for these construction versions, will not react, whereas, by pressing for a longer period and for the set time the same switch, receiver 33 will remain tuned onto the same frequency or channel, but the same control and power supply box 1 will start its switching and regulation functions, as previously described.
  • block 7 consists of mechanically operated electric controls, for example, of a switch panel or the like, which, once activated, send controls to inlets 4C and/or 4D and furthermore by one or two switches or potentiometers, which, if activated, control inlet 4E.
  • a switch or potentiometer to control inlet 4E,it is possible to obtain the variation of the 1B output voltage gradually within two values, for example, from 21 volts to 26 volts.
  • the voltage variation obtained in one of the two manners may be utilized to remote-control the regu- lation of amplification, attenuation or tuning of the system, described in this invention, as provided for by the reali- zations with remote control 9.
  • a switch panel or the like to control inlets 4C and/or 4D, a high pulse variation (5 to 8 volts) of the 1B output voltage, combined with the possibility of reversing the polarity of the same voltage, are obtained.
  • the various obtainable voltages may be utilized to carry out the various switchings.
  • the controls or electromechanical components present on power supply and control box 1 will directly activate the same decoding and actuation circuits, or the detection, integration, timing and actuation circuits present in block 7 in the respective versions with coded or common type remote-control 9, by-passing module 8 and thereby realizing a power supply and control box 1 which may be fully controlled by both remote control 9 or by one or more electromechanical contacts situated on box 1 itself.
  • control and power supply box 1 may be accomplished by means of one or more switches on remote control 9 or, alternatively, by means of one or more electromechanical contacts or components situated on box 1 qualified to obtain the same functions ; whereas, one or more functions of box 1, different from the former, may only be activated by means of one or more electromechanical contacts or components especially dedicated to this purpose and placed exclusively on power supply and control box 1.
  • power supply and control box 1 carry out one or more functions, by means of either remote control 9 or by one or more electromechanical contacts or components situated on box 1 itself, and to accomplish other functions by means of just the electromechanical contacts or components situated on control and power supply box 1.
  • the functions carried out infrequently may be, for example, the amplification, attenuation or tuning regulation, etc.
  • electromechanical contact or component means any known device, suitable for generating a certain electrical contact by means of manual operation or pressure, such as : a push button or push-button panel, a key or keyboard, a switch, a potentiometer and so on.
  • the 1B output voltage may thus be varied by ' : large steps in voltage levels, for example, by some volts such as : +12V, +16V, +26V, -16V, -21V, -26V, or with random sequence +16V, -21V, +26V, -16V, etc. and be utilized to obtain the various switchings or regulations, or may be sent with large steps in voltage levels and be used for the various switchings and also varied gradually or with small steps in voltage level and be utilized to carry out the regulation of the amplification, attenuation or tuning of the system.
  • Figure 4 shows the block diagram of a preferred but not limitative realization of a complete switching block 20, having four R.F. inlets, 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D switchable by means of an R.F. switch.
  • the voltage may also be possibly sent, through the same outlet 11E, to inlet 21G of R.F. switch 21, should, for example, an R.F. switch requiring a main power supply or polarization, be employed.
  • Block 22 identifies voltage A included within voltage limits A 1 and B 1 , and, through the outlet(s) connected to inlets 21M, 21N, 210, 21P of switching block R.F. 21, makes the same R.F. 21 switch react, permitting only the R.F. signals present on R.F. inlet 21A to pass through outlet 21E, thus to reach outlet 20E, after meeting filter 11E.
  • Block 22 furthermore, permits voltage A within A and B 1 to reach only outlet 22A.
  • Block 22 causes the luminous indicators present in block 23 to react simultaneously, so as to display that inlet 20A of block 20 has been selected.
  • inlet 22B of filter 11B By connecting, as previously seen, through a switch or jumper, inlet 22B of filter 11B to outlet 22B, it is possible to transmit voltage B, included within the respective voltage limits, to inlet 20B, so as to power supply a possible accessory device fitted to inlet 20B only when inlet 20B has been selected.
  • inlets 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D By powering always through outlet 20E with the various voltages, it is also possible to send said voltages to inlets 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D permanently, thus independently of the R.F. inlet selected and this may be accomplished by simply connecting one or more inlets 17A, 17By 17C and 17D of the respective filters to outlet 17E by means of the already mentioned jumper or switch.
  • Figure 4 represents a four RF inlet . version of module 20, in any case, by increasing or decreasing the different voltages to be sent for the control, it is possible to realize modules 20 with more or fewer switchable R.F. inlets, having the same characteristics. In particular, by using the polarity reversal system, it is possible to increase or decrease by two R.F. inlets module 20 for each voltage of different level added or removed.
  • Figure 7 shows the block diagram of a preferred but not limitative realization of a switching block 20 having two R.F. inlets 20A and 20B, switchable by means of an R.F. switch 21 and with the regulation possibility of either attenuation, tuning or amplification of the R.F. signals selected by the two R.F. inlets 20A and 20B.
  • the operation by using several voltages at different polarities, may be the following : with reference to the diagram in figure 8, by sending from outlet 20E of block 20 a positive direct current A included within A and A 2 limits, voltage A, once passed through filter 11E and after possibly powering R.F. switch 21 through inlet 21G, appears as being applied to inlet 22E of block 22 containing the identification, switching and regulation circuits.
  • Block 22 identifies voltage A as being positive and included within the respective voltage range A and A 2 of figure 8 and, through the outlets connected to inlets 21M and/or 21N of R.F. switch 21, makes the same R.F. switch 21 react, permitting only the R.F. signals present on inlet 20A to pass through outlet 20E.
  • Block 22 furthermore, permits voltage A, included within the respective limits, to reach only outlet 22A. Same block 22 makes simultaneuously the luminous indicators in block 23 react, thus visually showing that R.F. inlet 20A of block 20 has been switched.
  • module 22 By sending an always positive voltage to 20E, but exceeding the A 2 limit of figure 8, module 22 maintains R.F. inlet 20A switched and starts sending signals or voltages, through outlets 22R and/or 22S, to R.F. switch 21.
  • R.F. switching block 21 through the connected tuning, amplification or attenuation circuits, based on the signals or voltages received on inlets 21R and/or 21S, performs the regulation of the tuning, amplification or attenutation of the R.F. signals passing through inlet 20A to outlet 20E and vice versa.
  • the minimum (0 dB for example) and maximum (30 dB for example) value of either amplification or attenuation of the R.F. signals is determined by the characteristics of the R.F. circuits employed to obtain such a regulation and by the voltage variation included within A2 and A3, sent to module 22. It stands to reason that in such a way it is possible to regulate either tuning, amplification or attenuation of the R.F. signals within a minimum and a maximum, by simply varying the level of switching voltage A, for example, from level A2 to level A3 or vice versa (figure 8).
  • R.F. signals present on R.F. inlet 20B are enabled to pass and, by sending a still negative, but higher than B voltage, included within B2 and B3 range, one obtains the regulation of either tuning, amplification or attenuation of the R.F. signals passing through inlet 20B, as more expressly indicated with regard to operation of inlet 20A.
  • the luminous indicators contained in block 23 visually show the functions carried out.
  • block 20 containing identification, switching, R.F. selection and display circuits, operates in the following manner :
  • circuits 21 and 43 in the respective versions and inlet 20X components permitting the mixed or switched earth channels to be inserted on the same R.F. down-cable 19, the two versions are equivalent and operate in the same manner.
  • Possible groups of channels or earth channels may be inserted by means of additional external mixers, applied to outlet 20E.
  • block 22 transmits to one or more inlets 42M, 42N, 420 and 42P of block 42 a control which makes block 42 react.
  • Block 42 comprises the amplification, conversion and processing circuits of the frequencies and/or standard of the channels transmitted via satellite and received on R.F. inlet 42Y, through R.F. inlet 22Y, already amplified and con verted into an intermediate band, for example, from 850 MHz to 1750 MHz, by external unit 35.
  • Block 42 following the control(s) received on one or more inlets 42M, 42N, 42O and 42P, tunes in a certain channel amongst those sent, as above mentioned, by external unit 35 on inlet 42Y and converts it into a prefixed channel having the same frequencies and transmission standards as one of the several channels comprised in the normal transmission fre quencies band of the earth channels, sending it to outlet 42E.
  • the channel thus obtained having the same transmission standard as that currently used for earth transmissions, and frequencies included in one of the free channels for the radio- television signals reception, for example, from 40 MHz to 860 MHz, is mixed by means of block 43 with the signals or channels deriving from a normal system for the reception of signals transmitted from the earth and applied to inlet 20X.
  • the signals thus mixed are sent to outlet 20E of module 20 and then, along connection cable 19 and injector 10, to receiver 33.
  • the circuits contained in block 22 identify such a voltage and send to one or more inlets 42M, 42N, 420 and 42P a different analogical or digital control.
  • the circuits which inlets 42M, 42N, 420 and 42P refer to, such as, for example, frequency synthesizers of "FHASE LOCKED LOOP" type and some circuits suitable to control the tuning of the various R.F. selective circuits, vary respectively the Fo oscillation frequency of the frequency converter circuit and the tuning frequency of the tuned circuits contained in block 42, thereby obtaining the conversion of another channel transmitted via satellite into the same outlet channel and standard as used for the reception of the previous channel via satellite.
  • the selective circuits and the local oscillator of the conversion circuits by means of the relative control circuits, will be tuned, in turn, for the reception of the various channels present on inlet 20Y.
  • receiver 33 it is possible to avoid any mutual interference between the channel selected and received via satellite and the group of channels applied to inlet 20X, should any technical reception incompatibility exist for receiver 33, such as, for example : adjacent channel with high intensity or channel on the same frequencies or with known frequencies such as "image" frequencies.
  • R.F. switch 21 or R.F. circuits of the switch is accomplished by applying a control or power supply to inlet 21M or 21N, supplied by the identification and actuation circuits contained in block 22 whenever a particular voltage, included within a specific voltage range, is applied to or removed from power supply or control box 1.
  • figure 11 is represented, to simplify matters, a block 20 with just one inlet 20X for earth channels; however, nothing prevents one from increasing these inlets using a suitable selector 21.
  • the number of inlets 42M, N, 0, P of block 42 receiving the controls supplied by module 22 is dependent on the number of channels or programs which are intended to be selected or converted by the R.F. conversion and processing module 42 and also on the type of system, whether decimal or binary adopted as interface between module 42 and module 22.
  • voltage is only present when module 22 enables the corresponding inlet 20X and 20Y.
  • outlets 22X and 22Y may also be utilized to power module 21 and module 22 respectively, should one wish, for example, that during selection of inlet 20X and consequently functioning of the circuits coupled to inlet 20X, module 42 is not powered and that during selection of inlet 20Y and consequent functioning of the circuits coupled to same, the circuits contained in block 21 are not powered.
  • the luminous indicators contained in block 23 indicate which channel via satellite is selected and processed by block 42 and, in the version of figure 11, which inlet is also selected.
  • filters 11 may also be realized in separate containers and linked to the remainder by means of pipes or plugs, otherwise they may be realized inside the various blocks 21, 42 or 43.
  • block 20 may be considered as the box or casing containing the various circuits represented by the various blocks, some of which intended for carrying out the selection, switching and/or regulation of the various R.F. signals applied thereto, whereas others are meant to carry out powering, switching and/or regulation of possible accessories coupled externally to one or more R.F. inlets whereas others are used for the visual indication of the various functions accomplished.
  • All the above mentioned circuits accomplish their functions by transmitting direct currents or different voltage and/or polarity to the same block 20 by means of the same connection cable 19 usually used for carrying the R.F. signals to recievers or users 33.
  • Said module 20 may therefore by considered as a casing or box when all functions and/or circuits enabling them to be obtained are realized within it whereas it may be considered as an ideal situation for various modules or circuits, should one or more functions and consequently circuits be realized in a series of separate modules which may be combined together.
  • module 22 be realized in such a way as to be able to identify and utilize differently these voltages and/or voltage ranges with the result that its functioning varies according to the various voltage steps and/or ranges.
  • block 22 will be realized on the basis of the specific requirements of the type of R.F. switch or R.F. converter employed.
  • Figure 12 represents the block diagram of a special module 25 comprising power supply and control circuits 31 combined with radio-frequency signal processing circuits 32, such as, for example, R.F. amplifier, convertor or attenuator circuits, of wide-band or channel, at fixed or variable amplification or attenuation, possibly combined to variable R.F. tuning electronic cir- circuits.
  • radio-frequency signal processing circuits 32 such as, for example, R.F. amplifier, convertor or attenuator circuits, of wide-band or channel, at fixed or variable amplification or attenuation, possibly combined to variable R.F. tuning electronic cir- circuits.
  • Power supply and control circuits 31, combined with the distributed capacitance 26, which may be realized, for example, either by means of one or more discreet or printed components such as the BY-PASS capacitors, or utilising the capacitive effect of a printed circuit, enable any common known R.F. amplification, attenuation or tuning circuits, operating under certain power supply and included in block 32, to function regularly and to maintain unvaried their characteristics of amplification, attenuation or tuning, powering module 25 with voltages at different levels and/or polarities.
  • the same circuits 31 and the distributed capacitance 26 enable the R.F. circuits contained in block 32 to be operated and, at the same time, the amplification, attenuation or tuning parameters of the respective circuits, which may be realized in block 32, to be varied. This may be obtained as a result of the variation, within a certain range, of the voltage sent by box 1, regardless of the polarity assumed by the voltage and without producing any evidence of reduction of the maximum output voltage of the R.F. signals passing through the R.F. circuits contained in block 32, which may be received undistorted from R.F. outlet 32E. To achieve this result the normal power supply voltage re quired by the R.F. amplification circuits is not reduced, but the regulation of the radio-frequency is accomplished by appropriate circuits enabled for this function, contained in block 32.
  • Said maximum R.F. output level characterizing the various active components utilised to realize the circuits contained in block 32, appears as being practically constant both under operating conditions of circuits 32 as R.F. circuits and fixed processing (switch or jumper 30 open or R of figure 30 set to a minimum voltage within 31X and 31Z) or under operating conditions of R.F. circuits 32 with parameters of amplification, tuning or attenuation, which may vary from a minimum to a maximum (switch or jumper 30 closed and R of figure 13 set to a maximum voltage within 31X and 31Z.
  • This characteristic is of essential importance, should one have to deal with many R.F. signals at high and different intensity, or presenting frequent fading, depending on ambient conditions.
  • Module 25 thus realized presents the characteristic of being capable of operating and maintaining practically constant the amplification or attenuation parameters desired, under a very wide power supply voltage range, with both positive and negative polarity, with respect to main ground 24 of device 25, referring to the wiring diagram of figure 12, or with respect to shield S of the R.F. inlet or outlet, referring to the wiring diagram of device 25 of figure 14. Moreover, it is possible to obtain the regulation of the attenuation, amplification or tuning of module 25 by means of the variation in level of the power supply voltage applied, by connecting outlet 31X to inlet 32X by means of a switch or a jumper 30, or if this connection is permanent, by adjusting the TRIMMER R represented in figure 13.
  • Module 25 may be realized by means of known amplification and/or conversion, attenuation or tuning circuits 32, in various versions at one or more R.F. inlets 25A and 25B. Such modules 25 may be realized so as to accomplish various operative functions, by simply changing or modifying the R.F. circuits contained in block 32, or may also be realized in the adjustable and/or non-adjustable versions.
  • This module 25 may be fitted and powered and if necessary controlled :
  • coaxial inlet or outlet utilized to power module 25 - adopting the circuit of figure 14 ; in particular, it permits one to regulate directly from box 1, by means of either one or two potentiometers or switches situated on box 1 or remote control 9, the degree of amplification, attenuation or tuning desired.
  • the regulation may be simply reset at any time and the result obtained immediately verified by means of the radio-television apparatus 33 placed nearby.
  • module 25 realized in the variable amplification version, may be the following :
  • the gradual reduction of amplification for example, from +20dB to -10 dB, may be obtained without, however, noticeably reducing the maximum R.F. voltage which may be obtained on the R.F. outlet of amplifier circuits 32.
  • variable attenuator module or variable tuning module is identical to that of the variable amplification module.
  • R.F. circuits 32 suitable for the relative purposes.
  • module 25 of figure 12 by applying any positive or negative voltage, for example, included within the 16V to 35V range, through, for example, the main contact of R.F. outlet 25E and the external contact of the same outlet 25E, the voltage, after reaching filter 11E, is sent, through outlet 17E of the same filter, to inlet 31E and 31H of block 31.
  • Block 31 by means of its internal circuits, (figure 13) after modifying the polarity, takes care of regulating the voltage received from inlets 31E and 31H to a pre fixed value and transmits this voltage to outlets 31V and 31Z at constant polarity and fixed voltage level, regardless of the voltage level and polarity of the voltage received on inlets 31E and 31H.
  • Outlets 31V and 31Z are respectively connected to inlets 32V and 32Z utilized for the power supply of R.F. circuits 32.
  • Module 32 is thereby powered on a constant basis by means of a voltage of suitable value and single polarity, regardless of the voltages sent to outlet 25E. This permits one to employ ordinary R.F. circuits and to obtain from the same R.F. circuits 32 an amplification, attenuation or tuning of constant value, regardless of the power supply voltages sent.
  • distributed capacitance 26 permits radio frequency to pass and therefore to consider the R.F. circuits 3 2 grounding plan as connected to main grounding 24 whereas, at the same time it permits the possible direct current on grounding 32H to be insulated, with respect to main grounding 24.
  • Said power supply may result as being present between grounding 32H and main grounding 24 due to the fact that, by means of the circuits of block 31, a polarity reversal takes place, when the polarity of the voltage sent on inlets 31E and 31H of block 31 differs from that required by block for proper functioning.
  • connection 17E of filter 11E By connecting connection 17E of filter 11E to connection 17A of filter 11A by means of a jumper or switch 29A, it proves to be possible to transmit all voltages applied to outlet 25E to inlet 25A.
  • inlet 25B by connecting, through 29B, filter 11E to filter 11B by means of the respective connections 17. It is obvious that it is possible to power or control module 25 by sending the power supply or control voltages also from inlets 25A or 25B, provided that the above mentioned connection is accomplished.
  • module 25 to operate as an amplifier of attenuator at a variable amplification, attenuation of tuning, controlled by the user, it is sufficient to connect outlet 31X of module 31 to inlet 32X of module 32, or, in the version providing for the fixed connection of the outlet (31X) to the inlet (32X), to rotate the trimmer (R) represented in figure 13 so as to obtain the maximum potential difference between the outlet (31X) and (31Z).
  • the operation as amplifier at variable amplification is the following :
  • variable attenuators may be obtained with an attenuation, for example, from zero to a value of 20 + 30 dB.
  • tuning circuits to which varicap diodes, for example, or the like refer,
  • This channel or group of channels may be tuned or changed at will directly by the user, by means of a control sent by control box 1 or relative remote control 9.
  • the grounding plan 32H of the circuits contained in block 32 is directly connected to main grounding 24 or chassis of device 25 and/or 20.
  • Said main grounding or chassis is, however, connected to the shielding or grounding S of the input and/or output connector used for the power supply, control and input of the radio-frequency, by means of distributed capacitance 26.
  • the operation appears as being practically identical to that described with regard to figure 12 ; the only difference lies in the fact that, depending on the polarity of the voltage transmitted to module 25 and/or 20, the main grounding or chassis 24 may result as differing in potential from shielding or grounding S of the R.F. output and/ or input connectors.
  • the remaining circuits have been intentionally omitted in as much as they may be realized in the same way as represented in figure 12.
  • the shieldings or groundings S of the R.F. inlets may be also connected directly to the chassis or main grounding 24 of the device, as in figure 12, if it is not intended to make the control or power supply voltages pass through these inlets, or if it is intended to make only the voltages at a fixed polarity pass through them.
  • groundings 8 of the same inlets must be connected to main grounding 24 by means of a distribution capacitance 26, as represented in figure 14, for the R.F. outlet.
  • Figure 15 represents a simple diagram of a standard radio- television reception installation, using the switching and regulation system presented.
  • the dashed line shows the possible fitting of injector 10 directly onto the R.F. inlet plug of receiver 33.
  • Figure 16 shows a four R.F. inlet switching block 20, connected to various radio frequency sources, such as : with 36 a telecamera, an ordinary receiving aerial or reception system of the normal TV earth channels and two parabolic aerials 35,complete.with an external unit for the first conversion of the frequencies of the radio- television channels transmitted via satellite in the first intermediate band included, for example, within 850 MHz and 1750 MHz.
  • various radio frequency sources such as : with 36 a telecamera, an ordinary receiving aerial or reception system of the normal TV earth channels and two parabolic aerials 35,complete.with an external unit for the first conversion of the frequencies of the radio- television channels transmitted via satellite in the first intermediate band included, for example, within 850 MHz and 1750 MHz.
  • FIG 17 represents a complex radio-television reception- installation in which each system of aerials 37 and 35 is provided with its own amplification central unit 38.
  • the outlets of central units 38 are connected to the respective distri bution boxes, 39A, 39B, 39C and 39D, which distribute the signals received by the respective central units to the respec tive R.F. inlets of each switching block 20.
  • switching blocks 20 are four and each-of them is connected, by means of cable 19, plugs or connectors 34 and injector 10, not represented, to receiver 33.
  • Each . terminal, . by means of its switching block 20 results, therefore, as being connected to the signals coming from all central units and consequently may select, in turn, the various groups of R.F. signals or channels desired.
  • Figure 18 represents a centralized multiple installation combined with a single terminal equipped with the switching system.
  • the number of the channels distributed in a centralized TV installation is limited by various technical aspects, such as, for example, incompatibility within the various channels received, due to several known technical reasons, it is possible to improve the reception system by providing one or more terminals 34 with a.. switching system capable of selecting a series of technically compatible channels, thereby enabling proper reception of a greater number of signals or channels.
  • the installation represented in the example is a multiple one, having just one owner, an R.F. power amplifier 25' has been suitably utilized, instead of central unit 38, which is constantly powered by the same switchinp system by means of an electric wire 40 (see dashed line) or the coaxial cable connected to an R.F.inlet of switching block 20.
  • FIG. 19 represents an example of how the switchinr system may be applied to a radio-television reception system, by utilizing switching blocks 20 at two R.F. inlets, 20 and 20B.
  • the signals of the various aerials 37, through two separate central units 38, are sent to terminals 34 on two separate lines, 41 and 41' to which are fitted distribution boxes 39.
  • Switching blocks 20, directly connected to distribution boxes 39 of each down-feed 41 and 41' may select the two groups of channels arriving, by means of control sent along the same coaxial cable of the single terminals 34.
  • Figure 20 represents an example of how the switching system may be applied to an installation for the reception of radio-television signals via satellite, by employing blocks 20 comprising circuits for the elaboration and conversion of the frequencies and/or standard of the channels received via satellite, combined, for example, in figure 10 and 11.
  • the user by means of controls on power supply and control box 1 and/or remote control 9 (depending on the construction version) may select out of the programs or channels received by the external receiving unit 35 and applied to inlet 20Y of block 20, which channel received via satellite has to be processed and sent to receiver 33, by using the same transmission standard as the normal earth programs or channels.
  • This channel may be mixed with the normal earth channels received in a conventional manner and applied to R.F. inlet 20X by using a block 20 of the type represented in figure 10, containing a mixing circuit 43.
  • the selected and processed channel, coming from the satellite may be sent to outlet 20E on down-feed 19 and thus to receiver 33 singly, by utilizing a block 20 o-f the type represented in figure 11 comprising also a switching circuit 21 enabling one to se- leat the R.F. inlet, 20X or 20Y, from which the channels to be received are to be drawn.
  • the identification, switching and regulation circuits 22, contained in block 20 are able to identify the various voltages received, based on both polarity and voltage ; in particular, they are able to identify if the voltage received belongs to a given range of voltages destined either to the switching of an R.F. inlet of an R.F. switch or to the switching of the R.F. circuits of a frequency and/ or standard convertor block 42 and consequently to control respectively, the switch contained in block 21 so as to switch it for the selection of the corresponding R.F. inlet, or to control the switching of the circuits of an R.F. frequency convertor, so as to perform the selection and conversion of a given channel out of those present on the R.F.
  • the inlet of the convertor itself are also able to identify the voltage received as belonging to the voltage range destined for the regulation of attenuation, amplification or tuning and, in this case, to control, through outlets 225 and/or 22R, the relative R.F. circuits intended for this purpose so as to accomplish said regulation based on the level of the voltage received as compared to the lowest and/or highest limit of the voltage range assigned.
  • the voltage limits assigned are 19V to 25V; if the voltage received is close to 19V, a maximum amplification, attenuation or tuning may be obtained, whereas, if the voltage received is close to 25V a minimum attenuation, amplification or tuning may be obtained; all the intermediate voltages allow regulation from a minimum to a maximum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
EP86116650A 1985-12-03 1986-12-01 Système de commutation, régulation, amplification et/ou atténuation pour fréquences radio Withdrawn EP0224900A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT23078/85A IT1186228B (it) 1985-12-03 1985-12-03 Sistema di commutazione,regolazione,amplificazione e/o attenuazione applicabile a selettori,amplificatori e convertitori r.f. ed utilizzabile per la realizzazione di sistemi di sistemi di ricezione radio e televisi o simili,fissi o portatili
IT2307885 1985-12-03

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EP0224900A2 true EP0224900A2 (fr) 1987-06-10
EP0224900A3 EP0224900A3 (fr) 1989-09-06

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2244616A (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-12-04 Ferguson Ltd Receiver and power supply for satellite reception
GB2268346A (en) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-05 Millroy John Robert Add-on means for tuning VCR or satellite receiver output away from channel 5
GB2280075A (en) * 1991-02-22 1995-01-18 Amstrad Plc Selecting low noise blocks in satellite antenna
DE19728623C2 (de) * 1996-07-04 2003-04-10 Spaun Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg Multiswitch (Mehrfachumschalter) für Satellitenempfangssignale
GB2385473A (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-20 Novapal Ltd Tuning a set-top box output to an allocated TV channel
DE102005060284A1 (de) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-28 Technisat Digital Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Umschalten zwischen auf verschiedene Weise übertragene HF-A/V-Signale

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111610497A (zh) * 2020-04-09 2020-09-01 南京才华科技集团有限公司 一种能够实现无阻塞任意选通的开关矩阵

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515098A (en) * 1974-08-06 1978-06-21 Communications Patents Ltd Wired broadcasting systems
FR2427732A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1979-12-28 Montorio Salvatore Dispositif de commande a distance de la position angulaire d'un rotor d'antenne
GB2081948A (en) * 1980-08-08 1982-02-24 Sony Corp Remote control arrangements
US4338632A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-07-06 Zenith Radio Corporation Remote control system for television monitors
WO1982002303A1 (fr) * 1980-12-22 1982-07-08 Roo Minno De Systeme de commutation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515098A (en) * 1974-08-06 1978-06-21 Communications Patents Ltd Wired broadcasting systems
FR2427732A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1979-12-28 Montorio Salvatore Dispositif de commande a distance de la position angulaire d'un rotor d'antenne
GB2081948A (en) * 1980-08-08 1982-02-24 Sony Corp Remote control arrangements
US4338632A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-07-06 Zenith Radio Corporation Remote control system for television monitors
WO1982002303A1 (fr) * 1980-12-22 1982-07-08 Roo Minno De Systeme de commutation

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2244616A (en) * 1990-04-20 1991-12-04 Ferguson Ltd Receiver and power supply for satellite reception
GB2280075A (en) * 1991-02-22 1995-01-18 Amstrad Plc Selecting low noise blocks in satellite antenna
GB2280075B (en) * 1991-02-22 1995-06-21 Amstrad Plc Improvements relating to television receivers
GB2268346A (en) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-05 Millroy John Robert Add-on means for tuning VCR or satellite receiver output away from channel 5
GB2268346B (en) * 1992-06-25 1996-01-17 Millroy John Robert Interference eliminator
DE19728623C2 (de) * 1996-07-04 2003-04-10 Spaun Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg Multiswitch (Mehrfachumschalter) für Satellitenempfangssignale
GB2385473A (en) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-20 Novapal Ltd Tuning a set-top box output to an allocated TV channel
GB2385473B (en) * 2002-02-04 2005-11-30 Novapal Ltd Apparatus for receiving broadcasts
DE102005060284A1 (de) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-28 Technisat Digital Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Umschalten zwischen auf verschiedene Weise übertragene HF-A/V-Signale
DE102005060284B4 (de) * 2005-12-15 2008-02-07 Technisat Digital Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Umschalten zwischen auf verschiedene Weise übertragenen HF-A/V-Signalen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8523078A0 (it) 1985-12-03
EP0224900A3 (fr) 1989-09-06
IT1186228B (it) 1987-11-18

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