Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
  • B27L1/00—Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor
  • B27L1/08—Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor using rotating rings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
  • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
  • B23Q1/0009—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts
  • B23Q1/0018—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts comprising hydraulic means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
  • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
  • B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
  • B60G17/04—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
  • B60G17/044—Self-pumping fluid springs

Definitions

• An apparatus operating by means of a pressure fluid and being of the kind comprising a piston-cylinder mechanism with a resilient operation.
• a pressure fluid apparatus which has the purpose to, by means of a piston cylinder mechanism, hold the barking arm against the bark and to absorb the irregu ⁇ larities of the log by allowing the piston-cylinder me ⁇ chanism to oscillate because of these irregularities and to vary the position of the barking arm and the applicati pressure against the bark by means of a pump.
• a draw back in this known apparatus is that the pump dem a motor, which, if it is placed at the side of the rotat barking ring must be coupled to a pump via some sort of rotation coupling or which, if it is placed on the rotat barking ring causes further load for rotation of the bar ring, which also can cause unbalance at the rotation of the barking ring. Since the motor is necessary, it is also necessary with energy supply to this motor. This entails expenses for bringing forward electricity to the motor in case it is an electrical motor.
• the object of the present invention is to further deve ⁇ lop the known technique according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the possibility is obtained to almost immediately carry out, depending on changed operation conditions, necessary adjustments of the mutual position between the parts, between which the piston-cylinder mechanism is acting, or modification of the pressure of the working space of the piston-cylinder mechanism.
• the present invention fullfils the aimed object by the characterizing features in the following claim 1. Since the pumping device is arranged to achieve formation of fluid pressure in an energy accumulator, in which the fluid pressure normally is essentially higher than the fluid pressure in the working space of tne pisron-cyiinder mechanism, an excess of fluid is permanently present under such pressure that by means thereof necessary increases of the volume and/or the pressure in the working space of the piston-cylinder mechanism may be carried out almost immediately in correspondence with the changed operation conditions. In application to vehicles the invention re ⁇ sults in possibilities to carry out a gradual instant level control as the load of the resiliently suspended part of the vehicle increases. In application in barking machines the mounting is essentially facilitated since the need of an exter- nal power supply to the motor for driving pumps is totally eliminated. Further, advantages with energy savings as a consequence of absence of the need of an external power supply to such motors, arise.
• Fig 1 an embodiment of the pressure fluid apparatus, accor ⁇ ding to the invention, used in connection with a barking machine, more precisely in connection with one of the barking arms of the barking machine.
• Fig 2 an embodiment of the pressure fluid apparatus, accor ⁇ ding to the invention, used as a spring device for e.g. a vehicle.
• Fig 3 an enlarged partial viwe of the piston-cylinder mechanism with a built-in pumping device and damping member
• Fig 4 a further embodiment of the pressure fluid appa ⁇ ratus according to the invention.
• a pressure fluid apparatus is shown in connection with a barking arm 1 , which is pivotably journalled at a rotating (not shown) barking ring. At this barking ring several barking arms 1 are pivotably journalled.
• the pressure fluid apparatus comprises a piston-cylinder mechanism 2 connected between two in relation to each other movable parts 1, 38, said piston-cylinder mecha ⁇ nism 2 being by its relative movement between the piston 3 and the cylinder 4 arranged to resiliently yieldingly counteract movement between the parts 1 , 38 in one direction, more precisely in the direction when the parts 1, 38 are approaching each other, by letting the fluid in the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 communicate with a first reservoir 5, which is divided by means of a displaceable member 6 and provided with a spring member 7 on the side of the displaceable member 6, which is opposite the side of the member 6 against which the fluid of the piston-cylinder mechanism is acting.
• the pressure fluid apparatus comprises also a pumping device 8 which is arranged to put the first fluid under pressure by allowing said relative movement between the piston 3 and ' the cylinder 4 to drive the pumping device " 8.
• the pumping device 8 in fig 1 and 2 is further arranged to pump the first fluid supplied to the pumping device 8, via a one-way valve 16 arranged in a discharge conduit 15 leading away from the pumping device 8 to a second reservoir 17, which operates as an energy accumulator, and which is constituted in the same way as the first reservoir 5 and as the fluid sump 12, i.e. with a spring member 18 acting on a displaceable member 19, which is pressed against the first fluid.
• the first reservoir 5 has a pressure which essentially lies below the pressure in the second reservoir 17 and which essentially lies above the pressure in the sump 12 during operation.
• the second reservoir 17 shall be dimensioned to that the pressure therein is enough to set the maximum pressure in the first reservoir at least one time.
• the second reservoir 17 is, via a val ' ve 9a included in the fluid control device 9, in connection with the working space 39 included in the piston-cylinder mecha ⁇ nism 2, or more precisely with the first reservoir 5 being in mutual connection with the working space 39 of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 to, by means of the spring member 7, which is shown in fig 1 and 2 as an ordinary spring, achieve an expansion of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 and to, by means of the spring member 7, achieve a resilient yielding resistance at compression of the piston-cylinder mechanism, which compression is achieved by an external load on the piston 3 of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2.
• this external load is provided on the piston 3 by the barking arm 1 when the barking arm 1 , depending on a projection on the log, is pivoted in the anti-clockwise direction, observed in fig 1.
• the pumping device 8 is in the embodiment shown in fig 1 and 2 built into the piston-cylinder mechanism
• the hole 22 is fluidly sealed in relation to the working space 39 of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2.
• the piston 3 and its piston rod 21 are in fig 1 and 2 integrated to an equally thick part.
• valve 9B is also besides the valve 9A included, which is arranged in the conduit
• valve 9B is designed to decrease the volume and pressure in vthe piston-cylinder mechanism 2.
• valve 9C which is arranged between the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 and the reservoir 5.
• This valve 9C shall be closed when the volume and the pressure in the piston-cylinder mechanism shall be decreased so that the reservoir in opening of the valve 9B need not be unloaded of the pressure.
• the invention according to fig 1 operates in the follo ⁇ wing way:
• the barking arm 1 transmits the forces arising from the irregularities of the log to the piston 3, which is carried by the fluid in the working space 39 so that a part of the fluid in the cylinder 4 now and then is pressed out into the conduit 36 and into the reservoir 5 and so that the spring member 7 now and then presses out a part of the fluid from the reservoir 5 to the wor ⁇ king space 39 of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2.
• the piston 3 fluid is sucked and pressed by means of the spring member 14 in the sump 12 from the sump 12 via the one-way valve 11 in through the tube 20 and into the hole 22 to then be pressed out into the dis ⁇ charge conduit 15 via the one-way valve 16 to the energy accumulator 17.
• the one-way valve 11 When the pressure in the energy accumula ⁇ tor 17 has reached a certain value, the one-way valve 11 is manoeuvred, e.g. by means of a pilot pressure through the conduit 37 from the discharge conduit 15, to an open position so that the fluid under both expansion and com ⁇ pression of the piston-cylinder mechanism is allowed to pass the one-way valve 11.
• the pressure in the energy accumulator 17 can, if desired, then be used to expand the piston-cylinder mechanism since the fluid by opening the valve 9A is brought from the energy accumulator 17 to the reservoir 5 so that the volume and/or the pressure in the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 increases.
• An increase of the volume is desirable when the barking arm 1 shall be app ⁇ lied against a log with smaller diameter, while an in ⁇ crease of pressure is desirable when the disbarking has not been performed in a sufficiently high extent.
• the pressure in the energy accumulator 17 can also be trans ⁇ mitted in a desired extent to the sump 12 via a valve 9D.
• the valve 9C is closed and the valve 9B is opened so that a discharge of fluid takes place to the sump 12.
• pi ⁇ voting of the barking arm anti-clockwise in fig 1 to a position out of operation is achieved by means of a not shown spring or the like.
• the invention according to the embodiment in fig 2 is used as a spring device for e.g. cars and operates in the same way as the embodiment in fig 1 , with the addi ⁇ tion that a sensor 25 is arranged to sense the relative position between the piston 3 and the cylinder 4 and that a processing unit 34 is arranged to actuate the fluid control device 9 so that the sensed present value will be the same as the desired value 24 ordered by the driver of the vehicle.
• a pressure fluid apparatus is arranged at each wheel unit.
• the piston- cylinder mechanism at each wheel is arranged between the chassis 40 and the carrying arm 38 of the wheel of the car. The sensing and the processing of the present value should be done when the relative movement between the piston 3 and the cylinder 4 is as little as possible, i.e. when the car stands still.
• a sensing and a processing of the present value must not be done for each individual mo ⁇ mentary value of the present value, since such a sensing pro ⁇ cessing of the present value will lead to an unusable spring device since it would be elevated and lowered res ⁇ pectively all the time.
• the sensing of the present- value must therefore be done during a longer period of time during which small variations in the present value can be accepted. Should however a larger variation appear under a sensed time no processing at all of the sensed value will take place but a new sensing period must be awaited.
• the pressure fluid apparatus according to fig 2 can thus be elevated and lowered respectively to in ⁇ crease and decrease respectively the belly clearance of the car. Since a pressure fluid apparatus is arranged at each wheel, uneven load of the vehicle can be absor ⁇ bed by the piston-cylinder mechanisms respectively since they are adjusted individually.
• the piston 3 can, as shown in fig 3, at the end ex ⁇ tending into the cylinder 4, be provided with a damping member 26, which is provided with holes, and which extends circumferentially from the evenly thick part constitu ⁇ ting both piston 3 and piston rod 21 and abuts against the inner periphery of the cylinder 4. In this way the flow of the fluid back and forth through the dam ⁇ ping means 26 is restricted and causes a damping.
• the piston-cylinder mechanism 2 comprises in itself a displacable member 27, which with its one side faces against the fluid of the piston-cylinder mechanism, preferably being liquid, and which with its other side faces against a spring member 28, consisting of a spring or gas to achieve the resilient yielding counteraction of the relative movement between the piston 3 and the cylinder 4.
• the pumping device is separately arran ⁇ ged and pneumatic and communicates with the surroundings via the one-way valve 33 and via another one-way valve 32 with an energy accumulator 29 being divided by a displacable member 30, which on its one side is in con ⁇ tact with air and on its other side is in contact with the fluid of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2, which is pressed into the piston-cylinder mechanism via a valve 31.
• the valve 31 is in normal operation totally closed and operates as a control for the fluid supply to the piston-cylinder mechanism 2.
• Another valve 41 is ar ⁇ ranged for the discharge of the fluid from the piston- cylinder mechanism 2 to a sump 42 which is divided in the same way as the energy accumulator 29, i.e.
• a displacable member 43 which divides the fluid of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2, which in this case is a liquid, from the air of the fluid device 8, which via the one-way valve 32 and the energy accumulator 29 is suppliable to the sump 42 by means of a valve 45 arranged in a conduit 44 extending from the energy accumulator 29 to the sump 42.
• the sump 42 and the energy accumulator 29 are on the air side provided with a valve 35, 46 eachof which shall unload the pressure from the reservoir 29, 42 respectively.
• these valves 46 and 35 at least the valve 35 shall be able to be adjusted so that it automa ⁇ tically opens at the desired pressure, while the valve 46 only needs to be opened and closed.
• the valve 46 is however in fig 4 shown as a similar valve as the valve 35.
• the barking arm transmits the forces arising from the irregularities of the log to the piston 3, which is car ⁇ ried by a fluid in the cylinder 4 so that the spring mem ⁇ ber 28 is reciprocally compressed and expanded respec ⁇ tively.
• air is suc- tioned via the one-way valve 33 and p esspr' via the one ⁇ way valve 32 from the environment to the energy accumu ⁇ lator 29, which thus obtains an increased pressure.
• This pressure which shall be higher than the pressure in the piston-cylinder mechanism 2, presses, at opened valve 31 the liquid into the cylinder 4.
• valve 31 in compressing of the piston-cylinder mechanism 2, the valve 31 shall be closed and the valve 41 be opened to get the fluid in the cylinder 4 to flow out into the sump 42.
• the valve 46 For the pressure on the air side in the sump 42 not to be too high the valve 46 must be openedwhen the liquid in the sump 42 increases.
• the valve 45 is opened so that the pressure in the energy accumulator 29 can be transmitted to the sump 42 and at the same time the valve 46 is closed.
• the member 43 then presses back the liquid into the cylinder 4.
• the valve 41 and the valve 45 are closed while the valve 31 is opened in case addi ⁇ tional volume and/or pressure is desired in the cylinder 4.
• This separate pumping device can unlike the pumping device built into the piston-cylinder mechanism, which is shown in fig 1 to 3, be formed double acting so that pumping is performed both when the pumping device is compressed and expanded respectively.
• the pressure fluid apparatus is here described within different application areas. This shall not be considered as limiting. It can e.g. be used in connection with a seat on a tractor.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
• Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20358262

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1984
  • 1984-12-21 SE SE8406537A patent/SE445578B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1985
  • 1985-12-23 WO PCT/SE1985/000547 patent/WO1986003812A1/en unknown
  • 1985-12-23 EP EP19860900350 patent/EP0205549A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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