EP0073201B1 - Fuse - Google Patents
Fuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0073201B1 EP0073201B1 EP81903232A EP81903232A EP0073201B1 EP 0073201 B1 EP0073201 B1 EP 0073201B1 EP 81903232 A EP81903232 A EP 81903232A EP 81903232 A EP81903232 A EP 81903232A EP 0073201 B1 EP0073201 B1 EP 0073201B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuse
- wire
- ferrite
- strips
- insulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
- H01H2085/386—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc with magnetic or electrodynamic arc-blowing
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a fuse comprising a metal wire capable of being destroyed by fusion, in particular in the event of an overcurrent.
- Fuses are overcurrent protection devices that have been used for a very long time. When the installation or device to be protected is capable of withstanding an overcurrent for a short time, such fuses constitute safe protection. With the increasingly widespread use of electronic circuits, the components of which are unable to withstand high overcurrents, even for very short periods, it has been found that such fuses are not always capable of providing sufficient protection. circuits. This is the case, for example, of data processing circuits connected to transmission lines exposed to overvoltages of atmospheric origin.
- the best fuses known to date for protecting such installations are silver wire fuses under a glass tube, the wire possibly being tensioned by a spring so as to ensure an immediate rupture of the arc which forms at the time of wire break.
- Patent GB-A-619,239 describes a fuse comprising an elongated insulating support (C) and two terminals (D, E) between which is disposed a conductive wire (A) capable of being destroyed by fusion in the event of overcurrent; the fi), conductor is placed in a magnetic field created by a magnet (B), an insulating part separating the magnet (B) and the wire (A).
- patent FR-A-2080321 describes a fuse circuit breaker in which the fusible wire is placed in an elongated breaking chamber near which is placed a magnet producing a magnetic field to blow out the arc caused during the opening of the fuse wire.
- the breaking chamber (12) is made of an insulating material whose walls separate the fusible wire (15) and the magnets (40). Similarly, in patent FR-A-1 022 741, a fusible wire (3) is separated from a magnetic circuit (42) by insulating cheeks (5a, 5b).
- the object of the present invention is to ensure, by means as simple as possible, the extinction by an effective blowing of this arc.
- This object is achieved by the solution claimed in claim 1.
- the means serving as permanent magnet also serve as mechanical support and wall of extinguishing chamber.
- the means serving as a permanent magnet are magnetized in the direction of their thickness so as to reduce their size.
- the magnetic field is produced over the entire length of the fusible wire to increase the mechanical force produced on the wire and ensure the blowing of the arc whatever the point of breaking of the wire; the magnetic field is produced over a sufficient width on either side of the fusible wire to allow a significant elongation of the arc and to accelerate its blowing.
- the fuse according to the invention consists of an elongated support made of ferrite magnetized in the direction of its thickness and on which a non-ferromagnetic conductive-fuse wire is disposed between two terminals.
- LAPLACE law when the wire is traversed by a current, in one direction or the other, it is subjected to a force perpendicular to the wire and parallel to the plane of support in ferrite and this force is proportional to the product of the current and the magnetic field. It should be noted that this force acts on any moving electric charge, that is to say also on the electric arc liable to form at the point of breaking of the wire.
- This force not only has the effect of magnetically blowing the electric arc, but of accelerating the breaking of the wire at its weakening point by fusion and of accelerating the spacing of the strands at the breaking point, i.e. - say to reduce the time during which an arc is likely to form.
- the fuse consists of two flexible ferrite bands, made of ferrite powder bonded by an elastomer, fixed at a short distance from each other by means of two insulating bars, the fuse wire being housed between the two ferrite bands.
- the quality of electrical insulation of the ferrites makes it possible to produce a very thin air gap in which the magnetic field is high.
- the transverse blowing effect of the arc prevents projections of conductive material on the nearby ferrite walls, projections which would tend to prolong the existence of the arc.
- the part of the insulating bars located between the ferrite strips is preferably provided with teeth, in the manner of a comb, so as to form slots forming transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in which the arc is fragmented and magnetically blown. It is also possible to connect these chambers with the outside through holes which extend them through the insulating bars. If you want to avoid metallic projections outwards through this hole, these can be covered with an adhesive tape.
- the use of multiple transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in connection with the magnetic blowing allows a considerable elongation of the arc path for a given transverse dimension of the device, while the multiple cooling chambers of the prior art, not associated with magnetic blowing, allow only fractionation and limited expansion of the molten material. This produces a fast fuse with very high breaking capacity.
- the teeth forming the transverse walls of the cooling chambers also serve as an intermediate mechanical support for the fusible wire, the wire being pinched between the opposite teeth.
- the terminals can be produced in different ways, for example by rings or by magnetic plugs pinching the ends of the wire.
- Figure 1 simultaneously illustrates the principle of the invention and the simplest embodiment thereof.
- a silver wire 2 On a ferrite plate 1 magnetized in the direction of its thickness so as to have poles N on its lower face and S on its upper face, is fixed a silver wire 2 by means of two metal rings 3 and 4 which constitute the fuse terminals.
- the wire 2 has, for example, a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 30 mm. According to LAPLACE's law, when this wire is traversed by a current I, it is subjected to a force F under the effect of the magnetic field H.
- the fuse consists of two flexible strips 5 and 6 made of ferrite powder bound by an elastomer, which is found on the maché under the name of PLASTOFERRITE. These strips are magnetized in the direction of their thickness and attract each other. They are fixed face to face and kept apart from one another in the thickness direction by means of two insulating bars 7 and 8 profiled in T.
- the strip 5 is fixed to the bars 7 and 8 by gluing, while that the strip 6 is simply magnetically retained by the strip 5 so as to remain removable.
- the legs 70 and 80 of the T-profiles ensure the spacing of the two magnetic strips, spacing defining the thickness of a housing 90 in which the silver wire 9 is disposed.
- the transverse dimension of the housing 90 is defined by the spacing of the legs 70 and 80.
- the wire 9 is fixed and galvanically connected to two terminals which can be executed for example as shown in FIG. 3 in which each terminal is constituted by a metal flange 10 whose ends 10a and 10b are folded around each of the insulating bars 7 and 8, the end of the wire 9 being folded under the flange.
- the end of the wire 9 could also be welded to the flange.
- the upper magnetic strip allows easy recharging of the fuse.
- the ends of the wire 9 are fixed by pinching between two magnetized metal parts 11 and 12 simultaneously constituting plugs closing the ends of the fuse and contact terminals.
- FIG. 2 it will also be possible to pinch the wire 9 between two metal plates glued respectively on the upper face of the strip 5 and on the lower face of the strip 6.
- metals will be used non ferromagnetic, preferably diamagnetic.
- the ferrite strips may for example have a length of 50 mm over a width of 10 mm and a thickness of 1.8 mm with an air gap of 1.5 mm.
- insulating bars 13 and 14 are provided of teeth 15 and 16 engaging between the ferrite strips 6 and 7, these teeth forming two combs the teeth of which are located one opposite the other, the slots 17 and 18 formed between the teeth constituting chambers cooling and extinguishing of the arc.
- the legs and teeth of the bars 13 and 14 have a sufficient length so that the silver wire 9 is moreover mechanically held between these teeth, which enables it to withstand mechanical shocks more easily without risk of breaking. It has in fact been observed that the fuse wires according to the prior art have broken by simple mechanical stress at their point of attachment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an example of connection according to which the wire is folded in a slot 24 of one of the bars and under a metal ring 25.
- FIG. 8 Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 8, as a variant of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the armature consists of a sheet 26 of soft iron folded back in a U. With this armature it has been possible to measure a magnetic field of 1200 to 1300 Gauss against a field of 500 to 650 Gauss without armature. The forces acting in this case on wire and arc are relatively very high.
- the fuse according to the invention has a very high breaking capacity and ensures almost absolute protection of delicate components by its high cutting speed, it is easy to manufacture, it can be rechargeable and even cleanable.
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Description
La présente invention a pour objet un fusible comportant un fil métallique susceptible d'être détruit par fusion notamment en cas de surintensité.The subject of the present invention is a fuse comprising a metal wire capable of being destroyed by fusion, in particular in the event of an overcurrent.
Les fusibles sont des dispositifs de protection contre les surintensités utilisés depuis fort longtemps déjà. Lorsque l'installation ou l'appareil à protéger est capable de supporter un court instant une surintensité, de tels fusibles constituent une protection sûre. Avec l'utilisation de plus en plus répandue de circuits électroniques, dont les composantes sont incapables de supporter des surintensités élevées, même de très courtes durées, il s'est avéré que de tels fusibles ne sont pas toujours capables d'assurer une protection suffisante des circuits. C'est le cas par exemple des circuits de téléinformatique reliés à des lignes de transmission exposées aux surtensions d'origine atmosphérique. Les meilleurs fusibles connus à ce jour pour protéger de telles installations sont des fusibles à fil d'argent sous tube de verre, le fil étant éventuellement tendu par un ressort de manière à assurer une rupture immédiate de l'arc qui se forme au moment de la rupture du fil. Or même avec les meilleurs fusibles connus à ce jour, on constate, malgré la fusion du fusible, la destruction de composantes de circuit. Ceci s'explique par la vaporisation de l'argent fondu qui forme un plasma conducteur à l'intérieur du tube, ce plasma maintenant l'arc électrique, c'est-à-dire un courant important à travers le fusible. Généralement cet effet peut 'se constater par le noircissement du tube de verre.Fuses are overcurrent protection devices that have been used for a very long time. When the installation or device to be protected is capable of withstanding an overcurrent for a short time, such fuses constitute safe protection. With the increasingly widespread use of electronic circuits, the components of which are unable to withstand high overcurrents, even for very short periods, it has been found that such fuses are not always capable of providing sufficient protection. circuits. This is the case, for example, of data processing circuits connected to transmission lines exposed to overvoltages of atmospheric origin. The best fuses known to date for protecting such installations are silver wire fuses under a glass tube, the wire possibly being tensioned by a spring so as to ensure an immediate rupture of the arc which forms at the time of wire break. However, even with the best fuses known to date, there is, despite the fuse blowing, the destruction of circuit components. This is explained by the vaporization of the molten silver which forms a conductive plasma inside the tube, this plasma maintaining the electric arc, that is to say a large current through the fuse. Generally this effect can be seen by the blackening of the glass tube.
Pour assurer un soufflage de l'arc, on a proposé d'utiliser dans certains fusibles les effets de déflexion liés à la présence d'un champ magnétique, ce champ magnétique étant créé par des aimants permanents ou des enroulements associés au fusible.To ensure blowing of the arc, it has been proposed to use in certain fuses the deflection effects linked to the presence of a magnetic field, this magnetic field being created by permanent magnets or windings associated with the fuse.
Le brevet GB-A-619 239 décrit un fusible comportant un support allongé isolant (C) et deux bornes (D, E) entre lesquelles est disposé un fil conducteur (A) susceptible d'être détruit par fusion en cas de surintensité; le fi), conducteur est placé dans un champ magnétique créé par un aimant (B), une partie isolante séparant l'aimant (B) et le fil (A). De même, le brevet FR-A-2080321 décrit un coupe circuit à fusibles dans lequel le fil fusible est placé dans une chambre de coupure allongée à proximité de laquelle est placé un aimant produisant un champ magnétique pour souffler l'arc causé lors de l'ouverture du fil fusible. La chambre de coupure (12) est réalisée en une matière isolante dont les parois séparent le fil fusible (15) et les aimants (40). De même, dans le brevet FR-A-1 022 741, un fil fusible (3) est séparé d'un circuit magnétique (42) par des joues isolantes (5a, 5b).Patent GB-A-619,239 describes a fuse comprising an elongated insulating support (C) and two terminals (D, E) between which is disposed a conductive wire (A) capable of being destroyed by fusion in the event of overcurrent; the fi), conductor is placed in a magnetic field created by a magnet (B), an insulating part separating the magnet (B) and the wire (A). Likewise, patent FR-A-2080321 describes a fuse circuit breaker in which the fusible wire is placed in an elongated breaking chamber near which is placed a magnet producing a magnetic field to blow out the arc caused during the opening of the fuse wire. The breaking chamber (12) is made of an insulating material whose walls separate the fusible wire (15) and the magnets (40). Similarly, in patent FR-A-1 022 741, a fusible wire (3) is separated from a magnetic circuit (42) by insulating cheeks (5a, 5b).
Les amants permanents métalliques utilisés dans les réalisations de fusibles de l'art antérieur nécessitent d'une part l'interposition de parois isolantes entre l'aimant et le fusible et d'autre part l'usage d'aimants volumineux. On est ainsi arrivés dans l'art antérieur à des structures complexes, coûteuses et volumineuses. L'encombrement de ces aimants, dû en particulier au fait qu'ils sont obligatoirement aimantés dans le sens de leur longueur, interdit pratiquement la réalisation d'un champ magnétique uniforme sur toute la longueur d'un fil fusible. L'interposition de parois isolantes augmente nécessairement l'entrefer ou la distance entre la pièce polaire et le fusible, de sorte que le champ magnétique est réduit ainsi que l'efficacité du soufflage.The permanent metallic lovers used in the embodiments of fuses of the prior art require on the one hand the interposition of insulating walls between the magnet and the fuse and on the other hand the use of bulky magnets. We thus arrived in the prior art to complex, expensive and bulky structures. The size of these magnets, due in particular to the fact that they are necessarily magnetized in the direction of their length, practically prevents the production of a uniform magnetic field over the entire length of a fusible wire. The interposition of insulating walls necessarily increases the air gap or the distance between the pole piece and the fuse, so that the magnetic field is reduced as well as the efficiency of the blowing.
La présente invention a pour but d'assurer, par des moyens aussi simples que possible, l'extinction par un soufflage efficace de cet arc. Ce but est atteint par la solution revendiqué dans la revendication 1. Selon un aspect de l'invention, les moyens servant d'aimant permanent servent également de support mécanique et de paroi de chambre d'extinction. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les moyens servant d'aimant permanent sont aimantés dans le sens de leur épaisseur de façon à réduire leur encombrement. Selon d'autres aspects de l'invention, le champ magnétique est produit sur toute la longueur du fil fusible pour accroitre l'effort mécanique produit sur le fil et assurer le soufflage de l'arc quelque soit le point de rupture du fil; le champ magnétique est produit sur une largeur suffisante de part et d'autre du fil fusible pour permettre un allongement important de l'arc et accélérer son soufflage.The object of the present invention is to ensure, by means as simple as possible, the extinction by an effective blowing of this arc. This object is achieved by the solution claimed in claim 1. According to one aspect of the invention, the means serving as permanent magnet also serve as mechanical support and wall of extinguishing chamber. According to another aspect of the invention, the means serving as a permanent magnet are magnetized in the direction of their thickness so as to reduce their size. According to other aspects of the invention, the magnetic field is produced over the entire length of the fusible wire to increase the mechanical force produced on the wire and ensure the blowing of the arc whatever the point of breaking of the wire; the magnetic field is produced over a sufficient width on either side of the fusible wire to allow a significant elongation of the arc and to accelerate its blowing.
Dans sa réalisation la plus simple, le fusible selon l'invention est constitué par n support allongé en ferrite aimanté dans le sens de son épaisseur et sur lequel est disposé un fil conducteur-fusible non ferromagnétique entre deux bornes. Selon la loi de LAPLACE, lorsque le fil est parcouru par un courant, dans un sens ou dans l'autre, il est soumis à une force perpendiculaire au fil et parallèle au plan de support en ferrite et cette force est proportionnelle au produit du courant et du champ magnétique. Il est à noter que cette force agit sur toute charge électrique en mouvement, c'est-à-dire également sur l'arc électrique susceptible de se former au point de rupture du fil. Cette force a non seulement pour effet de souffler magnétiquement l'arc électrique, mais d'accélérer la rupture du fil en son point d'affaiblissement par fusion et d'accélérer l'écartement des brins au point de rupture, c'est-à-dire de réduire le temps pendant lequel un arc est susceptible de se former.In its simplest embodiment, the fuse according to the invention consists of an elongated support made of ferrite magnetized in the direction of its thickness and on which a non-ferromagnetic conductive-fuse wire is disposed between two terminals. According to LAPLACE law, when the wire is traversed by a current, in one direction or the other, it is subjected to a force perpendicular to the wire and parallel to the plane of support in ferrite and this force is proportional to the product of the current and the magnetic field. It should be noted that this force acts on any moving electric charge, that is to say also on the electric arc liable to form at the point of breaking of the wire. This force not only has the effect of magnetically blowing the electric arc, but of accelerating the breaking of the wire at its weakening point by fusion and of accelerating the spacing of the strands at the breaking point, i.e. - say to reduce the time during which an arc is likely to form.
Selon une exécution pratique, le fusible est constitué de deux bandes de ferrite souples, constituées de poudre de ferrite liée par un élastomère, fixées à faible distance l'une de l'autre au moyen de deux barrettes isolantes, le fil-fusible étant logé entre les deux bandes de ferrite. Les qualité d'isolant électrique des ferrites permettent de réaliser un entrefer très mince dans lequel le champ magnétique est élevé. En outre, l'effet de soufflage transversal de l'arc évite les projections de matière conductrice sur les parois proches en ferrite, projections qui tendraient à prolonger l'existence de l'arc.According to a practical embodiment, the fuse consists of two flexible ferrite bands, made of ferrite powder bonded by an elastomer, fixed at a short distance from each other by means of two insulating bars, the fuse wire being housed between the two ferrite bands. The quality of electrical insulation of the ferrites makes it possible to produce a very thin air gap in which the magnetic field is high. In addition, the transverse blowing effect of the arc prevents projections of conductive material on the nearby ferrite walls, projections which would tend to prolong the existence of the arc.
La partie des barrettes isolantes située entre les bandes de ferrite est de préférence munie de dents, à la manière d'un peigne, de manière à former des créneaux constituant des chambres de refroidissement et d'extinction transversales dans lesquelles l'arc est fragmenté et soufflé magnétiquement. Il est en outre possible de faire communiquer ces chambers avec l'extérieur par des trous qui les prolongent à travers les barrettes isolantes. Si l'on désire éviter des projections métalliques vers l'extérieur à travers ce trous, ceux-ci peuvent être recouverts par une bande adhésive. L'utilisation de chambres de refroidissement et d'extinction transversales multiples en relation avec le soufflage magnétique permet un allongment considérable du trajet de l'arc pour une dimension transversale donnée du dispositif, tandis que les chambres de refroidissement multiples de l'art antérieur, non associées à un soufflage magnétique, ne permettent qu'un fractionnement et une expansion limitée des matières en fusion. On réalise ainsi un fusible rapide à très haut pouvoir de coupure.The part of the insulating bars located between the ferrite strips is preferably provided with teeth, in the manner of a comb, so as to form slots forming transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in which the arc is fragmented and magnetically blown. It is also possible to connect these chambers with the outside through holes which extend them through the insulating bars. If you want to avoid metallic projections outwards through this hole, these can be covered with an adhesive tape. The use of multiple transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in connection with the magnetic blowing allows a considerable elongation of the arc path for a given transverse dimension of the device, while the multiple cooling chambers of the prior art, not associated with magnetic blowing, allow only fractionation and limited expansion of the molten material. This produces a fast fuse with very high breaking capacity.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, les dents formant les parois transversales des chambres de refroidissement servent également de support mécanique intermédiaire pour le fil fusible, le fil étant pincé entre les dents opposées.According to another aspect of the invention, the teeth forming the transverse walls of the cooling chambers also serve as an intermediate mechanical support for the fusible wire, the wire being pinched between the opposite teeth.
Les bornes peuvent être réalisées de différentes manières, par exemple par des bagues ou par des bouchons aimantés pinçant les extrémités du fil.The terminals can be produced in different ways, for example by rings or by magnetic plugs pinching the ends of the wire.
Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, quelques formes d'exécution de l'invention.
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une première forme d'exécution, la plus simple, de l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une deuxième forme d'exécution, à deux bandes aimantées.
- La figure 3 représente un exemple de réalisation des bornes.
- La figure 4 représente une autre forme de réalisation des bornes.
- La figure 5 est une vue en plan d'une troisième forme d'exécution, l'une des bandes de ferrite enlevée.
- La figure 6 est une vue en perspective de cette troisième forme d'exécution.
- La figure 7 illustre un mode d'exécution des bornes dans la troisième forme d'exécution.
- La figure 8 représente une variante, avec armature, de la troisième forme d'exécution.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment, the simplest, of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of a second embodiment, with two magnetic strips.
- FIG. 3 represents an exemplary embodiment of the terminals.
- Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the terminals.
- Figure 5 is a plan view of a third embodiment, one of the ferrite strips removed.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of this third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the terminals in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 represents a variant, with reinforcement, of the third embodiment.
La figure 1 illustre simultanément le principe de l'invention et la forme d'exécution la plus simple de celle-ci. Sur une plaquette de ferrite 1 aimantée dans le sens de son épaisseur de manière à présenter des pôles N sur sa face inférieure et S sur sa face supérieure, est fixé un fil d'argent 2 au moyen de deux bagues métalliques 3 et 4 qui constituent les bornes du fusible. Le fil 2 présente, par exemple, un diamètre de 0,1 mm et une longueur de 30 mm. Selon la loi de LAPLACE, lorsque ce fil est parcouru par un courant I, il est soumis à une force F sous l'effet du champ magnétique H.Figure 1 simultaneously illustrates the principle of the invention and the simplest embodiment thereof. On a ferrite plate 1 magnetized in the direction of its thickness so as to have poles N on its lower face and S on its upper face, is fixed a silver wire 2 by means of two
Selon la forme d'exécution représentée à la figure 2, le fusible est constitué de deux bandes souples 5 et 6 constituées de pudre de ferrite liée par un élastomère, que l'on trouve sur le maché sous le nom de PLASTOFERRITE. Ces bandes sont aimantées dans le sens de leur épaisseur et s'attirent mutuellement. Elles sont fixées face à face et maintenues écartées l'une de l'autre dans le sens de l'épaisseur au moyen de deux barrettes isolantes 7 et 8 profilées en T. La bande 5 est fixée aux barrettes 7 et 8 par collage, tandis que la bande 6 est simplement retenue magnétiquement par la bande 5 de façon à rester amovible. Les jambes 70 et 80 des profils en T assurent t'écartement des deux bandes aimantées, écartement définissant l'épaisseur d'un logement 90 dans lequel est disposé le fil d'argent 9. La dimension transversale du logement 90 est définie par l'écartement des jambes 70 et 80. A ses extrémités, le fil 9 est fixé et relié galvaniquement à deux bornes qui peuvent être exécutées par exemple comme représentées à la figure 3 dans laquelle chaque borne est constituée par une bride métallique 10 dont les extrémités 10a et 10b sont repliées autour de chacune des barrettes isolantes 7 et 8, l'extrémité du fil 9 étant repliée sous la bride. L'extrémité du fil 9 pourrait également être soudée sur la bride. La bande aimantée supérieure permet un recharge aisée du fusible.According to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the fuse consists of two
Dans le mode d'exécution représenté à la figure 4, les extrémités du fil 9 sont fixées par pincement entre deux pièces métalliques aimantées 11 et 12 constituant simultanément des bouchons fermant les extrémités du fusible et des bornes de contact. Considérant la figure 2, il sera également possible de pincer le fil 9 entre deux plaquettes métalliques collées respectivement sur la face supérieure de la bande 5 et sur la face inférieure de la bande 6. Afin de ne pas affaiblir le champ magnétique on utilisera des métaux non ferromagnétiques, de préférence diamagnétiques. Les bandes de ferrite peuvent présenter par exemple une longueur de 50 mm sur une largeur de 10 mm et une épaisseur de 1,8 mm avec un entrefer de 1,5 mm.In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the ends of the
Il est possible d'augmenter l'efficacité de l'effet de soufflage magnétique de l'arc électrique en utilisant des barrettes isolantes 13 et 14 telles que représentées sur les figures 5 et 6. Les jambes de ces barrettes isolantes 13 et 14 sont munies de dents 15 et 16 s'engageant entre les bandes de ferrite 6 et 7, ces dents formant deux peignes dont les dents sont situées l'une en face de l'autre, les créneaux 17 et 18 formés entre les dents constituant des chambres de refroidissement et d'extinction de l'arc. Les jambes et les dents des barrettes 13 et 14 ont une longueur suffisante pour que le fil d'argent 9 soit en outre maintenu mécaniquement entre ces dents, ce qui lui permet de supporter plus facilement des chocs mécaniques sans risque de rupture. Il a en effet été constaté que des fils de fusible selon l'art antérieur se sont cassé par simple contrainte mécanique en leur point d'attache. Il est en outre possible de faire communiquer les chambres d'extinction avec l'extérieur par des trous 19 qui les prolongent et qui favorisent encore le soufflage de l'arc et l'expulsion des particules métalliques. Au besoin, ces trous peuvent être obturés au moyen de bandes adhésives 20 et 21 représentées en traits mixtes. A ses extrémités, le fil 9 est pincé entre deux dents plus larges 22 et 23 des barrettes isolantes. Les extrémités du fil peuvent être reliées à des bornes par pincement ou soudure. La figure 7 illustre un exemple de connexion selon lequel le fil est replié dans une fente 24 de l'une des barrettes et sous une bague métallique 25.It is possible to increase the efficiency of the magnetic blowing effect of the electric arc by using insulating
Il est possible d'augmenter considérablement le champ magnétique, c'est-à-dire l'effet soufflant dans l'entrefer, au moyen d'une armature ferromagnétique. Une telle exécution est représentée à la figure 8, en tant que variante de la forme d'exécution selon les figures 5 et 6, dans laquelle l'armature est constituée par une tôle 26 en fer doux repliée en U. Avec cette armature il a été possible de mesurer un champ magnétique de 1200 à 1300 Gauss contre un champ de 500 à 650 Gauss sans armature. Les forces agissant dans ce cas sur fil et l'arc sont relativement très élevées.It is possible to considerably increase the magnetic field, that is to say the blowing effect in the air gap, by means of a ferromagnetic armature. Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 8, as a variant of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the armature consists of a
En résumé, le fusible selon l'invention présente un très haut pouvoir de coupure et assure une protection quasi absolue de composants délicats par sa vitesse de coupure élevée, ill est facile a fabriquer, il peut être rechargeable et même nettoyable.In summary, the fuse according to the invention has a very high breaking capacity and ensures almost absolute protection of delicate components by its high cutting speed, it is easy to manufacture, it can be rechargeable and even cleanable.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT81903232T ATE18320T1 (en) | 1980-11-25 | 1981-11-23 | FUSE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8024971 | 1980-11-25 | ||
FR8024971A FR2494901A1 (en) | 1980-11-25 | 1980-11-25 | FUSIBLE WIRE PROTECTION DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0073201A1 EP0073201A1 (en) | 1983-03-09 |
EP0073201B1 true EP0073201B1 (en) | 1986-02-26 |
Family
ID=9248324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP81903232A Expired EP0073201B1 (en) | 1980-11-25 | 1981-11-23 | Fuse |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4514716A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0073201B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0117216B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE891223A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1171442A (en) |
DK (1) | DK147089C (en) |
ES (1) | ES508011A0 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2494901A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1139838B (en) |
SU (1) | SU1170979A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1982001961A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202012012570U1 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2013-06-26 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse, in particular Hochvoltschmelzsicherung for a motor vehicle |
DE102012207912A1 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-14 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse i.e. high voltage fuse, for use in high voltage electric circuit of motor car, has melting section for electrically connecting bases, and permanent magnet arranged such that magnetic field of magnet is influenced by melting section |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2625604B1 (en) * | 1988-01-04 | 1990-05-04 | Vincent De Araujo Manuel | FUSE PROTECTION DEVICE |
GB2461024B (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2012-06-13 | Converteam Technology Ltd | Fuses |
US20100141375A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Square D Company | Trace fuse with positive expulsion |
FR2972845B1 (en) | 2011-03-17 | 2016-05-06 | Mersen France Sb Sas | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A FUSE, METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD, AND FUSE EQUIPPED WITH MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT |
DE102013213949A1 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-02-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuse with separating element |
US9552951B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-01-24 | Cooper Technologies Company | High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
US9601297B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2017-03-21 | Cooper Technologies Company | High voltage compact fuse assembly with magnetic arc deflection |
US10854414B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2020-12-01 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage electrical disconnect device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
US10636607B2 (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly |
DE102018118247B3 (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-09-19 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Thermal fuse |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US659671A (en) * | 1900-04-21 | 1900-10-16 | Gen Electric | Magnetic blow-out or fuse-box. |
US685766A (en) * | 1901-03-25 | 1901-11-05 | Noble Jones | Magnetic fuse cut-out. |
GB197620A (en) * | 1922-11-10 | 1923-05-17 | Switchgear And Cowans Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric fuses |
FR815875A (en) * | 1936-04-04 | 1937-07-24 | Advanced electric fuse | |
US2426523A (en) * | 1943-01-14 | 1947-08-26 | Burndy Engineering Co Inc | Current limiter |
GB619239A (en) * | 1946-11-01 | 1949-03-07 | Heinrich Muller | Improvements in or relating to electric fuses or cut-outs |
FR1022741A (en) * | 1950-08-02 | 1953-03-09 | Further training in fused circuit breakers | |
US3613040A (en) * | 1970-02-09 | 1971-10-12 | Vapor Corp | High-voltage temperature switch |
-
1980
- 1980-11-25 FR FR8024971A patent/FR2494901A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-11-23 JP JP56503673A patent/JPH0117216B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1981-11-23 EP EP81903232A patent/EP0073201B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-23 US US06/403,634 patent/US4514716A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-11-23 WO PCT/FR1981/000152 patent/WO1982001961A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1981-11-23 BE BE0/206632A patent/BE891223A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-24 IT IT25263/81A patent/IT1139838B/en active
- 1981-11-25 ES ES508011A patent/ES508011A0/en active Granted
- 1981-11-25 CA CA000390925A patent/CA1171442A/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-07-23 DK DK330682A patent/DK147089C/en active
- 1982-12-23 SU SU823524756A patent/SU1170979A3/en active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202012012570U1 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2013-06-26 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse, in particular Hochvoltschmelzsicherung for a motor vehicle |
DE102012207912A1 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-14 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse i.e. high voltage fuse, for use in high voltage electric circuit of motor car, has melting section for electrically connecting bases, and permanent magnet arranged such that magnetic field of magnet is influenced by melting section |
DE102013208656A1 (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-14 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse for high voltage electric circuit used in motor car, has straight conductor extended in form of straight line between main base and auxiliary base, and permanent magnet arranged to influence melting portion by magnetic field |
DE102013208656B4 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2015-07-02 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse for use in a motor vehicle |
DE102012207912B4 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2015-11-12 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse for use in a motor vehicle |
DE102013022355B3 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2018-02-15 | Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. | Fuse for use in a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2494901B1 (en) | 1983-02-25 |
DK330682A (en) | 1982-07-23 |
EP0073201A1 (en) | 1983-03-09 |
ES8301064A1 (en) | 1982-11-16 |
BE891223A (en) | 1982-03-16 |
DK147089B (en) | 1984-04-02 |
IT8125263A0 (en) | 1981-11-24 |
ES508011A0 (en) | 1982-11-16 |
IT1139838B (en) | 1986-09-24 |
JPH0117216B2 (en) | 1989-03-29 |
WO1982001961A1 (en) | 1982-06-10 |
JPS57501902A (en) | 1982-10-21 |
FR2494901A1 (en) | 1982-05-28 |
CA1171442A (en) | 1984-07-24 |
SU1170979A3 (en) | 1985-07-30 |
US4514716A (en) | 1985-04-30 |
DK147089C (en) | 1984-09-10 |
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