EP0065340B1 - Method for making a foundation pile - Google Patents

Method for making a foundation pile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065340B1
EP0065340B1 EP82200582A EP82200582A EP0065340B1 EP 0065340 B1 EP0065340 B1 EP 0065340B1 EP 82200582 A EP82200582 A EP 82200582A EP 82200582 A EP82200582 A EP 82200582A EP 0065340 B1 EP0065340 B1 EP 0065340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
blade
jacket
space
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82200582A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0065340A1 (en
Inventor
Lambertus Wilhelmus Antonius Van Den Elzen
Adriaan Van Der Wouden
Auke Meijer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fundamentum BV
Original Assignee
Fundamentum BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=19837494&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0065340(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Fundamentum BV filed Critical Fundamentum BV
Priority to AT82200582T priority Critical patent/ATE15514T1/en
Publication of EP0065340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0065340A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0065340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0065340B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30—Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/56—Screw piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of making a foundation pile in the soil in which method a tube which at its lower end has been provided with at least one screwing blade, under axial load is screwed into the soil while at the same time a hardening liquid (such as grout) is supplied through an opening of the tube wall adjacent the downwardly facing side of the blade, the tube and blade or blades remaining in the soil.
  • a hardening liquid such as grout
  • a method of this type is known from NL-A-7 608 927.
  • a tube is used which at its outer side has been provided with helical blades.
  • a hardening liquid such as grout
  • the next helical blade has to press said liquid out of the space formed by the lowermost blade and has to mix it with the soil. This reduces friction between the helical blades and the soil.
  • the tube has a relatively large diameter as compared to the outer diameter of the helical blade or blades.
  • the invention primarily aims at providing a method, which requires substantially less energy and by means of which the cost can be reduced.
  • this aim is obtained by forming a space of substantial thickness around the tube wall above the blade or blades and supplying the hardening liquid upwardly into said space.
  • the entire tube body is surrounded by the liquid mass which at the time is not yet hardened.
  • the injection not only takes place along the surface of the blades as in the known method but also upwardly along the entire tube or shaft.
  • the downward injection resulting from the larger quantity, has as result that the grain to grain pression below the base of the pile is reduced and possibly even removed for the great part.
  • friction along the shaft of the pile, which shaft is formed by the tube is removed nearly completely by the liquid layer formed between the soil and the shaft.
  • the shaft of the pile formed by the tube may have a substantial smaller diameter so that this shaft with surrounding mass may form a slender foundation pile in which the tubular shaft is surrounded by a more or less thick layer of the hardened liquid, such as grout
  • a method for manufacturing a foundation pile according to which a tube is driven into the soil which tube at its lower end has been provided with a wedge-shaped soil displacing foot which presses the soil away so that between the tube and the soil an open space is formed which space during the driving-in of the tube is filled with a hardening liquid supplied through the interior of the tube and leaving said tube through an outlet opening above the wedge-shaped foot.
  • the tube is not rotated and the friction mainly occurs at the wedge-shaped foot and not in the area above said foot.
  • the invention also relates to a tube for performing the method according to the invention which tube has at least one screwing blade at its lower end as well as an orifice for hardening liquid below the lower face of the blade, the lower end of said tube being provided with a cone as is known from NL-A-7 608 927.
  • the tube is characterized in that the screwing blades or blades are attached to a cylindrical jacket, which by means of spacers has been connected to the lower end of the tube so as to form an annular free space between the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of the jacket, which space is open at the top and at the bottom and is in connection with the inside of the tube to supply hardening liquid to the said space.
  • the space between the tube and the jacket ensures the supply of hardening liquid towards the space above the helical blade. Moreover this jacket enlarges the diameter of the hole so that the hardening liquid above the jacket and surrounding the tubular shaft can have a relatively great thickness, which layer of the hardening liquid forms part of the pile.
  • a successful construction is obtained in accordance with the invention if the spacers at the lower end of the jacket and the tube are radially extending members interconnecting the lower ends of the tube and jacket and connecting the cone to said lower ends to leave a space between the cone and the lower edges of the jacket and the tube respectively. Due to this the supply of liquid in all desired directions takes place through the tube and said liquid can reach the area below the blade or blades by providing the jacket with one or more openings below the blade or blades which openings connect the outer side of the jacket with the annular space.
  • a preferred embodiment is obtained in case in accordance with the invention the outer diameter of the blade or blades in three to four times the outer diameter of the tube.
  • This drawing shows in side view a device for embodying the method according to the invention.
  • the drawing shows a tube 1, that may comprise successively mutually connected sections that are mutually connected by welding, such as the parts 1 and 2.
  • This tube at the lower end is surrounded by a jacket 3 that at the upper side is connected to the tube by radially extending spacers 4, while leaving outflow openings.
  • the jacket 3 together with the tube forms a ring shaped space 5.
  • a pile cone 6 is present that by means of radial spacers 7, 8, 9 and 10 is connected to the jacket 3, which spacers 7 to 9 inclusive may have an upwardly directed projection 11 that mutually spaces the jacket and the tube.
  • the jacket 3 supports two helical blades 14 and 15 of which the outer diameter is three- to fourfold the outer diameter of the tube 1.
  • an outflow opening 16 and/or 17 respectively is present below the helical blades 14, 15 through which liquid at the spot of the helical blades can be injected.
  • This liquid may be grout, water glas, mortar or another self hardening material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)

Abstract

A method is provided for making a foundation pile comprising a cylindrical tube (1) with one or more helically extending blades (14, 15) at its lower end to which a hardening liquid is supplied that is conducted in such a manner that it penetrates the soil below the helical blade part or parts and along the tube wall (2) thereabove at 13. Said hardable liquid serves as means for removing the friction between pile and soil during screwing in the soil.

Description

  • The invention relates to a method of making a foundation pile in the soil in which method a tube which at its lower end has been provided with at least one screwing blade, under axial load is screwed into the soil while at the same time a hardening liquid (such as grout) is supplied through an opening of the tube wall adjacent the downwardly facing side of the blade, the tube and blade or blades remaining in the soil.
  • A method of this type is known from NL-A-7 608 927. According to said known method a tube is used which at its outer side has been provided with helical blades. To prevent that soil adheres to the tube in the space between subsequent helical blades it is known to inject a hardening liquid, such as grout, through a small tube having its outlet below the lower helical blade or at its trailing end which injected liquid has to fill up the space made by the lowermost helical blade. The next helical blade has to press said liquid out of the space formed by the lowermost blade and has to mix it with the soil. This reduces friction between the helical blades and the soil. Morever to obtain a foundation pile of sufficient strength the tube has a relatively large diameter as compared to the outer diameter of the helical blade or blades. By the introduction of the small quantity of hardening liquid the soil present in vertical direction between subsequent helical blades is sheared off with respect to the surrounding soil.
  • This known method, however, is expensive due to the dimensions of the tube which remains in the soil to form the pile and due to the energy required as a result of the high friction which still exists between the tube and the surrounding soil. The invention primarily aims at providing a method, which requires substantially less energy and by means of which the cost can be reduced.
  • According to the invention this aim is obtained by forming a space of substantial thickness around the tube wall above the blade or blades and supplying the hardening liquid upwardly into said space.
  • Due to the invention the entire tube body is surrounded by the liquid mass which at the time is not yet hardened. The injection not only takes place along the surface of the blades as in the known method but also upwardly along the entire tube or shaft. The downward injection, resulting from the larger quantity, has as result that the grain to grain pression below the base of the pile is reduced and possibly even removed for the great part. Moreover friction along the shaft of the pile, which shaft is formed by the tube, is removed nearly completely by the liquid layer formed between the soil and the shaft. By this it becomes possible to introduce the tube into the soil with only a fraction of the energy needed in applying the known method, e.g. a quarter of the energy used up to now. Furthermore the shaft of the pile formed by the tube may have a substantial smaller diameter so that this shaft with surrounding mass may form a slender foundation pile in which the tubular shaft is surrounded by a more or less thick layer of the hardened liquid, such as grout
  • It is observed that from GB-A-796 626 a method is known for manufacturing a foundation pile according to which a tube is driven into the soil which tube at its lower end has been provided with a wedge-shaped soil displacing foot which presses the soil away so that between the tube and the soil an open space is formed which space during the driving-in of the tube is filled with a hardening liquid supplied through the interior of the tube and leaving said tube through an outlet opening above the wedge-shaped foot. According to said known method the tube is not rotated and the friction mainly occurs at the wedge-shaped foot and not in the area above said foot.
  • Furthermore from FR-A-501 464 it is known to screw into the soil a fabricated concrete pile at its lower end a helical blade which blade has been provided with channels debouching at the lower face and at the upper face through which channels water or a hardening liquid may be supplied to reduce friction. The handling of a prefabricated concrete pile of course is difficult. Moreover there is no supply of a friction reducing hardening liquid along the shaft of the pile.
  • The invention also relates to a tube for performing the method according to the invention which tube has at least one screwing blade at its lower end as well as an orifice for hardening liquid below the lower face of the blade, the lower end of said tube being provided with a cone as is known from NL-A-7 608 927.
  • According to the invention the tube is characterized in that the screwing blades or blades are attached to a cylindrical jacket, which by means of spacers has been connected to the lower end of the tube so as to form an annular free space between the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of the jacket, which space is open at the top and at the bottom and is in connection with the inside of the tube to supply hardening liquid to the said space.
  • The space between the tube and the jacket ensures the supply of hardening liquid towards the space above the helical blade. Moreover this jacket enlarges the diameter of the hole so that the hardening liquid above the jacket and surrounding the tubular shaft can have a relatively great thickness, which layer of the hardening liquid forms part of the pile.
  • The downward flow of the liquid along the base of the pile cone into the soil takes care that the tube with screwing blade during introducing it into the soil rotates in a slurrylike mass. Penetrations to sufficient depth in the supporting layer can be realized therewith in a relatively simple way.
  • The great amount of the hardable liquid streaming out upwardly and downwardly and through the openings adjacent the blades takes care of the fact that by hardening of the liquid a pile is obtained comprising a tube with small diameter, a part formed by the screwing blades and a jacket out of hardened material, which material before hardening, there where it seems to be necessary, has penetrated in a softer part or is mixed therewith respectively. This hardened layer moreover takes care of the protection of the tubes against corrosion. Such a pile which is slender per se besides having a point bearing capacity also has bearing capacities as result of friction with regard to the surrounding ground.
  • It is remarked that it is known per se to introduce a hardable liquid through a tube provided with continuous flight auger into the soil in particular during the formation of an augered pile in which after screwing into the soil the tube provided with the continuous flight auger is withdrawn while at the same time the shaped hollow space is filled up with concrete or mortar.
  • A successful construction is obtained in accordance with the invention if the spacers at the lower end of the jacket and the tube are radially extending members interconnecting the lower ends of the tube and jacket and connecting the cone to said lower ends to leave a space between the cone and the lower edges of the jacket and the tube respectively. Due to this the supply of liquid in all desired directions takes place through the tube and said liquid can reach the area below the blade or blades by providing the jacket with one or more openings below the blade or blades which openings connect the outer side of the jacket with the annular space.
  • A preferred embodiment is obtained in case in accordance with the invention the outer diameter of the blade or blades in three to four times the outer diameter of the tube.
  • The invention will now be discussed with the aid of the drawing.
  • This drawing shows in side view a device for embodying the method according to the invention.
  • The drawing shows a tube 1, that may comprise successively mutually connected sections that are mutually connected by welding, such as the parts 1 and 2. This tube at the lower end is surrounded by a jacket 3 that at the upper side is connected to the tube by radially extending spacers 4, while leaving outflow openings. The jacket 3 together with the tube forms a ring shaped space 5.
  • At the lower end a pile cone 6 is present that by means of radial spacers 7, 8, 9 and 10 is connected to the jacket 3, which spacers 7 to 9 inclusive may have an upwardly directed projection 11 that mutually spaces the jacket and the tube.
  • By this manner of connecting an outflow opening is obtained so that the liquid material supply through the inner 12 of the tube may flow out between the ribs 7 to 10 inclusive and may flow out downwardly along the upper edge of the pile cone 6. This liquid also flows upwardly through the ring shaped space 5 between the spacers 4 and into the space 13 formed around the tube and thus surrounds the tube 1, 2 with a layer.
  • The jacket 3 supports two helical blades 14 and 15 of which the outer diameter is three- to fourfold the outer diameter of the tube 1.
  • Below the helical blades 14, 15 an outflow opening 16 and/or 17 respectively is present through which liquid at the spot of the helical blades can be injected.
  • This liquid may be grout, water glas, mortar or another self hardening material.

Claims (5)

1. Method of making a foundation pile (1, 2) in the soil in which method a tube (1, 2) which at its lower end (3) has been provided with at least one screwing blade (14, 15), under axial load is screwed into the soil while at the same time a hardening liquid (such as grout) is supplied through an opening (16, 17) of the tube wall adjacent the downwardly facing side of the blade (14,15), the tube and blade or blades remaining in the soil, characterized by forming a space (13) of substantial thickness around the tube wall (12) above the blade or blades and supplying the hardening liquid upwardly into said space (13).
2. Tube for performing the method as claimed in claim 1 which tube (1, 2) has at least one screwing blade (14, 15) at its lower end (3) as well as an orifice (16, 17) for hardening liquid below the lower face of the blade, the lower end of said tube being provided with a cone (6). characterized in that the blade or blades (14, 15) are attached to a cylindrical jacket (3). which by means of spacers (4, 7-10) has been connected to the lower end of the tube (2) so as to form an annular free space (5) between the outer wall of the tube (2) and the inner wall of the jacket (3), which space (5) is open at the top and at the bottom and is in connection with the inside of the tube to supply hardening liquid to the said space (5).
3. Tube as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the spacers (7-10) at the lower end of the jacket (3) and the tube (2) are radially extending members interconnecting the lower ends of the tube and jacket and connecting the cone to said lower ends to leave a space between the cone (6) and the lower edges of the jacket and the tube respectively.
4. Tube as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the jacket (3) has one or more openings (16, 17) below the blade or blades which openings (16, 17) connect the outer side of the jacket with the annular space (5).
5. Tube as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the outer diameter of the blade or blades is three to four times the outer diameter of the tube (1, 2).
EP82200582A 1981-05-12 1982-05-12 Method for making a foundation pile Expired EP0065340B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82200582T ATE15514T1 (en) 1981-05-12 1982-05-12 METHOD OF MAKING A FOUNDATION POLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8102327 1981-05-12
NL8102327A NL8102327A (en) 1981-05-12 1981-05-12 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A FOUNDATION POLE AND A TUBE TO BE USED THEREOF

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0065340A1 EP0065340A1 (en) 1982-11-24
EP0065340B1 true EP0065340B1 (en) 1985-09-11

Family

ID=19837494

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82200582A Expired EP0065340B1 (en) 1981-05-12 1982-05-12 Method for making a foundation pile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0065340B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE15514T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3266145D1 (en)
NL (1) NL8102327A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3624202A1 (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-28 Bauer Spezialtiefbau METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A SUPPORT ELEMENT IN THE GROUND
DE3831547A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-22 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method of constructing a mortar column in the earth
DE4219150C1 (en) * 1992-06-11 1993-09-23 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh, 86529 Schrobenhausen, De Underground mortar column prodn. - by drilling with auger through which hardenable suspension is fed
EP2414594B1 (en) 2009-04-01 2016-05-11 Marine Current Turbines Limited Methods and apparatus for the installation of columns / piles

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL189365C (en) * 1984-04-09 1993-03-16 Fundex Naamloze Vennootschap GROUND REPLACEMENT DRILL AND METHOD FOR FORMING A FOUNDATION POLE IN THE GROUND USING THAT GROUND REPLACEMENT DRILL.
GB8816849D0 (en) * 1988-07-15 1988-08-17 Helix Reinforcements Ltd Improvements relating to earth reinforcement
AU646902B2 (en) * 1990-11-19 1994-03-10 Cavlana Pty Ltd Grouted screw anchor
GB2258680A (en) * 1991-08-10 1993-02-17 Roxbury Ltd Forming a pile
GB9212936D0 (en) * 1992-06-18 1992-07-29 Elle Holdings Limited Van Pile
BE1006194A5 (en) * 1992-11-26 1994-06-07 Internationale Des Pieux Arme Drilling device and process for the formation of piles or the like
AU1323995A (en) * 1994-01-06 1995-08-01 Roxbury Limited Improvements in or relating to apparatus for use in forming piles
GB2362673B (en) * 2000-05-26 2002-08-21 Pennine Holdings Ltd Pile formation
US6951437B2 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-10-04 Hall David B Foundation support system and method
CN105421399A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 叶连国 Rectangular inserting device for cross pile and rectangular pile
CN106948338A (en) * 2017-03-21 2017-07-14 林清辉 A kind of bamboo joint pile and its construction method

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR501464A (en) * 1919-07-07 1920-04-15 Louis Hocquart Reinforced concrete screw piles for foundations
FR1107222A (en) * 1954-06-16 1955-12-29 Pile base, improved jacking device comprising said base, and method of constructing concrete piles and piles using said device
GB796262A (en) * 1956-10-05 1958-06-11 Mueller Ludwig Improvements in or relating to piles
US3206936A (en) * 1960-12-15 1965-09-21 Herman L Moor Method and means for making concrete piles
FR1322130A (en) * 1961-02-28 1963-03-29 Method and apparatus for forming a concrete pile in the ground by drilling
CA972171A (en) * 1973-05-03 1975-08-05 Lee A. Turzillo Method for producing reinforced pile in earth situs under low headroom conditions
NL7610547A (en) * 1976-09-23 1978-03-29 Theodorus Johannes Van Dijk En Foundation pile driving system - uses water jets from bottom of hollow pile to wash earth away

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3624202A1 (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-01-28 Bauer Spezialtiefbau METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A SUPPORT ELEMENT IN THE GROUND
DE3831547A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-22 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method of constructing a mortar column in the earth
DE4219150C1 (en) * 1992-06-11 1993-09-23 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh, 86529 Schrobenhausen, De Underground mortar column prodn. - by drilling with auger through which hardenable suspension is fed
EP2414594B1 (en) 2009-04-01 2016-05-11 Marine Current Turbines Limited Methods and apparatus for the installation of columns / piles
EP2414594B2 (en) † 2009-04-01 2020-02-26 Marine Current Turbines Limited Methods and apparatus for the installation of columns / piles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3266145D1 (en) 1985-10-17
ATE15514T1 (en) 1985-09-15
EP0065340A1 (en) 1982-11-24
NL8102327A (en) 1982-12-01

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