EP0024340B1 - Waschverfahren - Google Patents

Waschverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024340B1
EP0024340B1 EP80104728A EP80104728A EP0024340B1 EP 0024340 B1 EP0024340 B1 EP 0024340B1 EP 80104728 A EP80104728 A EP 80104728A EP 80104728 A EP80104728 A EP 80104728A EP 0024340 B1 EP0024340 B1 EP 0024340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
component
potassium
washing
sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104728A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0024340A1 (de
Inventor
Wolf-Achim Dr. Roland
Wolfgang Bechstedt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority to AT80104728T priority Critical patent/ATE4229T1/de
Publication of EP0024340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024340A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024340B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2079Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/16Multi-step processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/40Specific cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/44Multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing method using a liquid, cold-stable two-component detergent.
  • two-component detergents are understood to mean preparations consisting of two separately produced and stored detergent constituents which are only combined in the wash bath immediately before or at the start of the washing process.
  • both components are cold-stable liquid concentrates, one component containing free fatty acids, fatty acid soaps and other surfactants and the other component containing the alkali required for complete soap formation and further washing alkalis and skeletal salts.
  • GB-PS-338 121 discloses a washing method using a two-component detergent.
  • the first component consists of soap-forming fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or oleic acid, which can be present in a mixture with emulsifiers or solvents, such as sulfated olive oil, hydrocarbons, turpentine and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
  • the second component contains the alkalis required for soap formation, such as alkali hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and silicates, and is only combined with the 1st component in the wash liquor. Bleaching components can also be added. This process has a number of disadvantages, which play a role in particular in commercial laundries with a high degree of automation.
  • the fatty acids mentioned are difficult to convey and dose automatically, while the use of solvents from the series of hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons poses considerable problems, such as increased risk of fire and explosion or toxicological concerns.
  • the reaction between the fatty acids which are not sufficiently finely dispersed in the washing liquid and the alkali is relatively slow, especially at washing temperatures below 65 ° C. The reaction is also inhibited or partially prevented by the laundry present, so that fatty acid deposits can form on the laundry.
  • FR-PS-1 460 904 starts from aqueous fatty acid emulsions suitable for soap formation, which are combined with the washing alkalis in the wash liquor.
  • the fatty acid which is preferably technical oleic acid or a low-melting fatty acid mixture (titer 45 ° C.)
  • a nonionic emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate or monostearate, optionally with the addition of distilled tall oil .
  • Substances with an alkaline reaction must not be added, as these will cause the emulsions to break.
  • the cleaning power of the detergents is comparatively low, since the emulsifiers used do not make any notable contribution to the detergency. Furthermore, the stability, in particular the low-temperature stability, of the emulsion is poor, since segregation occurs below the freezing point, which cannot be easily reversed after heating.
  • DE-A1-2 609 752 discloses a concentrated liquid detergent which contains fatty acid potassium soaps, in particular potassium oleate, nonionic surfactants, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10-14 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, hydrotropic compounds from the group of low molecular weight alcohols and short-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates and optical Contains brighteners. Free fatty acids are not included in the agents, rather they are completely in the form of the potassium salt. Converted to fatty acid (oleic acid), its share is only 7 to 15.8%, while the share of nonionic surfactant is relatively high at 10 to 25%.
  • fatty acid potassium soaps in particular potassium oleate, nonionic surfactants, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates with 10-14 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, hydrotropic compounds from the group of low molecular weight alcohols and short-chain alkylbenzenesulfonates and optical Contains brighteners. Free fatty acids
  • liquid detergents can be used both as stand-alone detergents and as detergent-enhancing additives to detergent-containing washing liquors containing conventional builder salts.
  • the builder salts are present as liquid concentrates with a defined composition and should additionally contain alkali metal hydroxides in sufficient quantities to completely convert introduced free fatty acids into soaps.
  • liquid agents of the aforementioned type in particular in the form of highly concentrated, low-foaming preparations which are therefore suitable for washing machines.
  • Highly concentrated agents make it possible to keep packaging, transport and storage costs low.
  • they also have the advantage of being easy to convey and dose.
  • the detergent dosage is specifically matched to the respective washing program, which prevents undesirable or wastewater-incorrect dosing.
  • the phosphate content should also be as low as possible while the washing result remains good and the foam formation rate is low.
  • the fatty acid listed under (a) consists of 60 to 100% by weight, preferably 65 to 95% by weight, of oleic acid.
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids for example linoleic acid
  • linoleic acid can also be present in the fatty acids in proportions of 0 to 25, preferably 1 to 15% by weight.
  • the proportion of saturated fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms is 0 to 35, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, the proportion of stearic acid expediently not exceeding 5% by weight, in particular 3% by weight.
  • Suitable fatty acid mixtures have, for example, the following composition (in% by weight):
  • the content of component A in the fatty acids mentioned under (a) is preferably 20 to 30% by weight.
  • the proportion of the potassium hydroxide mentioned under (b) and of the triethanolamine is in each case preferably 3 to 5% by weight, so that preferably more than 65% by weight of the fatty acid is present as a soap.
  • the ethoxylated alcohols listed under (c) are derived from native or synthetic alcohols, in particular oxo alcohols having 8 to 14, preferably 9 to 12, carbon atoms.
  • the oxo alcohols can be linearly branched or methyl-branched in the 2-position. Mixtures of native alcohols and alcohols obtained by oxo reaction are also suitable.
  • the number of ethylene glycol ether groups is on average 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.
  • the proportion of ethoxylated alcohols in the dispersions should be 4 to 10, preferably 5 to 8% by weight.
  • the component (d) consists of linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular dodecylbenzenesulfonate, in proportions of 4 to 10, preferably 6 to 8,% by weight.
  • optical brighteners listed under (e) are derived from compounds of the formulas
  • Optical brighteners of the formula I are preferably used, in which R 1 and R 2 represent morpholino, diethanolamino or anilino residues.
  • the optical brighteners are present in proportions of 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.1 to 0.7,% by weight.
  • the component (f) consists of aliphatic C 1 -C 3 alcohols, for example ethanol, propanol and in particular isopropanol, and of the mixtures of the alcohols mentioned.
  • the content of these alcohols in the compositions is preferably up to 12% by weight.
  • Agents containing less than 8% of the alcohols mentioned can also contain hydrotropic ether alcohols derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols and ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols.
  • the monomethyl, monoethyl, monopropyl, monoisopropyl or monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol are suitable.
  • the water content of the detergent concentrate is 35 to 50% by weight, preferably up to 45% by weight.
  • the concentrates have an unlimited shelf life within a temperature range between +40 and -10 ° C. Although they become pasty after storage for several weeks at a temperature of -10 ° C, they do not tend to segregate even under such extreme conditions, but instead form readily pourable, largely clear liquids after reheating.
  • additives may also include biocides, fragrances, dyes, stabilizers, other sequestering agents, neutral salts and optical brighteners of other constitution, but the total amount of such additives should not exceed 5% by weight and is preferably less than 2% by weight , so that a negative influence on the cold stability is avoided.
  • Component B which is combined with component A before or at the start of the washing process, is likewise in the form of a liquid, easily metered and, in particular, cold-resistant solution and preferably has the following composition:
  • the mixing ratio of component A with component B according to the above composition is 2: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 4, the total amount of all detergent components, washing alkalis and sequestering agents in the washing liquor 2 to 8 g / l, is preferably 3 to 6 g / l at a liquor ratio of 1: 4 to 1: 8.
  • the alkalinity of component B and its amount is such that the fatty acids are completely converted into the soaps and, in addition, an excess of alkali is present, so that the pH of the wash liquor is 10.5 to 13.5, preferably 11.2 is up to 13.2.
  • other sequestering compounds may be present, or the ethylenediaminotetraacetate may be replaced by other sequestering agents, e.g. the Na or K salts of polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy or ether polycarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, hydroxyalkanephosphonic acids and aminopolyphosphonic acids can be replaced. Examples include nitrilotriacetic acid, diethylene triamino pentaacetic acid and 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
  • further components can also be added, for example sodium aluminum silicates capable of cation exchange according to DE-AS-2 412 837, graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether, En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine, optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • sodium aluminum silicates capable of cation exchange according to DE-AS-2 412 837 graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether, En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine, optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • graying inhibitors such as cellulose ether and cellulose mixed ether
  • En zymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
  • the water used to prepare the wash liquor should be softened to a degree of hardness of less than 10 ° dH, preferably not more than 5 ° dH (5 mg Ca0 in 100 ml water).
  • the washing process can be carried out in one or more stages, i.e. consist of a pre-wash and a main wash (clear wash). Concentration and washing temperature can be different for the wash cycles and can be 1 to 3 g / l at temperatures of 20 to 60 ° C in the prewash cycle and 2 to 6 g / l at 60 to 95 ° C in the final wash cycle.
  • the detergents used for the process according to the invention are notable for their good storage and cold stability, in particular for their high washing power and low foam formation rate. Therefore, they also tend under critical conditions, e.g. When washing only lightly soiled laundry, such as bed linen, table linen and professional linen, once used, not to overexpand. Due to their low phosphate content and their high percentage of soap in the total surfactant, they are extremely environmentally friendly.
  • the fatty acids (a) used in the recipes had the following composition (in percent by weight):
  • Component c An oxo alcohol of chain length C 9 -C 11 with 7 ethylene glycol ether groups was used as the ethoxylated alcohol (component c).
  • Component (d) consisted of linear Na dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
  • the sodium salt of the compound of the formula I in which R 1 and R 2 were morpholino radicals was used as the optical brightener (component e).
  • Component (g) consisted of isopropanol.
  • the component “salts” means small amounts of Na 2 SO 4 and NaCI which were present as accompanying substances of the alkylbenzenesulfonate and the optical brightener.
  • Table 2 The composition is shown in Table 2.
  • the fatty acid was first mixed with potassium hydroxide in 30% aqueous solution and triethanolamine, the ethoxylate (c) and the alkylbenzenesulfonate (d), which was in the form of a 50% aqueous solution, and then the optical brightener dissolved in isopropanol was stirred in and finally added the water to the specified amount.
  • the concentrates were in the form of yellowish, clear to slightly iridescent solutions which had a low viscosity at room temperature and which remained clear and homogeneous when stored for three weeks in a climatic cabinet at -10 and + 40 ° C. A multiple temperature change between +40 and ⁇ 10 ° C also did not lead to segregation.
  • the concentrates were miscible with water in all proportions.
  • alkaline component B (amounts given in percent by weight):

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
EP80104728A 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Waschverfahren Expired EP0024340B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80104728T ATE4229T1 (de) 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Waschverfahren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792933579 DE2933579A1 (de) 1979-08-18 1979-08-18 Waschverfahren
DE2933579 1979-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024340A1 EP0024340A1 (de) 1981-03-04
EP0024340B1 true EP0024340B1 (de) 1983-07-20

Family

ID=6078816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104728A Expired EP0024340B1 (de) 1979-08-18 1980-08-11 Waschverfahren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4288225A (da)
EP (1) EP0024340B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE4229T1 (da)
DE (2) DE2933579A1 (da)
DK (1) DK154842C (da)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4430245A (en) 1981-04-06 1984-02-07 Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" B.V. Soap composition
IT1147874B (it) * 1982-04-30 1986-11-26 Colgate Palmolive Co Procedimento di lavaggio industriale e composizione
US4522738A (en) * 1983-04-26 1985-06-11 Magid David J Toilet bowl cleaner
US4786433A (en) * 1986-07-02 1988-11-22 Ecolab Inc. Method of preparing phosphorous-free stable detergent emulsion
US5091101A (en) * 1990-02-28 1992-02-25 Hildreth Eslie D Detergent composition containing C5-C14 free fatty acids and one or more surfactant
US5122304A (en) * 1991-01-31 1992-06-16 Basf Corporation Stable aqueous dispersions of fluorescent brightening agents of the coumarine type and method of preparing same
DE4418487C2 (de) * 1994-05-27 1999-08-05 Gunter Dipl Chem Dr Feile Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Naßreinigungsmittelkombination nach dem Baukasten-System
DE19737486C1 (de) * 1997-08-28 1999-01-21 Betz Umweltdienste Gmbh Dr Verfahren zum Reinigen von hydrophobe Bestandteile enthaltenden Materialien
US20080102239A1 (en) 2005-07-28 2008-05-01 High Voltage Graphics, Inc. End of roll paper sensing and system management
US8475905B2 (en) 2007-02-14 2013-07-02 High Voltage Graphics, Inc Sublimation dye printed textile
US9657257B2 (en) * 2007-05-10 2017-05-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Colorant neutralizer
US20080276379A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-13 Macdonald John Gavin Methods for discharging colorants
MX2011001888A (es) * 2008-08-25 2011-03-30 Unilever Nv Composicion limpiadora solida conformada.
DE102009029194A1 (de) 2009-09-04 2011-04-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc., Neenah Abtrennung gefärbter Stoffe aus wasserhaltigen Flüssigkeiten
US9220646B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2015-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with improved stain decolorization
CN104837645A (zh) 2012-10-12 2015-08-12 高压制图公司 柔性可热封装饰性制品及其制造方法
US9237975B2 (en) 2013-09-27 2016-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with side barriers and decolorizing agents

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB597457A (en) * 1945-08-20 1948-01-27 Eric Berkeley Higgins Improvements relating to the laundering of textile materials
GB333177A (en) * 1929-05-03 1930-08-05 Archibald Rayner Improved method of washing
FR679571A (fr) * 1929-08-08 1930-04-15 Procédé de lavage
CA767063A (en) 1964-11-25 1967-09-12 Pelizza Carlo Composition for an anchored-foam biodegredable liquid detergent for universal household and industrial use
GB1103578A (en) * 1965-12-22 1968-02-14 Procter & Gamble Ltd Soap compositions
US3723328A (en) * 1965-10-21 1973-03-27 C Pelizza Liquid detergent composition
FR1460904A (fr) * 1965-10-22 1966-03-04 Procédé de lavage utilisant les émulsions d'acides gras comme composants dans la formation du détergent
SE347013B (da) * 1970-07-02 1972-07-24 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab
US3972823A (en) * 1971-06-04 1976-08-03 H. Kohnstamm & Company Soap compositions for non-gelling soap solution
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NL89736C (da) * 1973-03-15
DE2338411A1 (de) * 1973-07-28 1975-02-13 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Waschverfahren fuer textilien zur entfernung fettiger verschmutzungen
GB1506427A (en) * 1975-04-29 1978-04-05 Unilever Ltd Liquid detergent
DE2530727C3 (de) * 1975-07-10 1978-08-31 Van Baerle & Co Kg, 6084 Gernsheim Waschmittel
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GB1589971A (en) * 1976-10-11 1981-05-20 Unilever Ltd Built liquid detergent
DE2847437C2 (de) * 1978-11-02 1983-10-06 Henkel Kgaa, 4000 Duesseldorf Verfahren zur Herstellung von Waschlaugen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3064272D1 (en) 1983-08-25
DK154842C (da) 1989-05-16
DK321680A (da) 1981-02-19
DE2933579A1 (de) 1981-03-26
ATE4229T1 (de) 1983-08-15
EP0024340A1 (de) 1981-03-04
DK154842B (da) 1988-12-27
US4288225A (en) 1981-09-08

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Effective date: 20000811