EP0021194A3 - Ultrasonic atomiser for liquid fuels - Google Patents

Ultrasonic atomiser for liquid fuels Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0021194A3
EP0021194A3 EP80103161A EP80103161A EP0021194A3 EP 0021194 A3 EP0021194 A3 EP 0021194A3 EP 80103161 A EP80103161 A EP 80103161A EP 80103161 A EP80103161 A EP 80103161A EP 0021194 A3 EP0021194 A3 EP 0021194A3
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylindrical portion
diameter
atomizing surface
ultrasonic
conical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80103161A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
EP0021194A2 (de
EP0021194B1 (de
Inventor
Harvey L. Berger
Charles R. Brandow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sono Tek Corp
Original Assignee
Sono Tek Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sono Tek Corp filed Critical Sono Tek Corp
Publication of EP0021194A2 publication Critical patent/EP0021194A2/de
Publication of EP0021194A3 publication Critical patent/EP0021194A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0021194B1 publication Critical patent/EP0021194B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0623Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
    • B05B17/063Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn having an internal channel for supplying the liquid or other fluent material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0623Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B3/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving a change of amplitude
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/34Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means or other kinds of vibrations
    • F23D11/345Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by ultrasonic means or other kinds of vibrations with vibrating atomiser surfaces

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
EP80103161A 1979-06-08 1980-06-09 Ultraschall-Zerstäuber für flüssige Brennstoffe Expired EP0021194B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4664179A 1979-06-08 1979-06-08
US46641 1979-06-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0021194A2 EP0021194A2 (de) 1981-01-07
EP0021194A3 true EP0021194A3 (en) 1981-05-20
EP0021194B1 EP0021194B1 (de) 1984-08-29

Family

ID=21944563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80103161A Expired EP0021194B1 (de) 1979-06-08 1980-06-09 Ultraschall-Zerstäuber für flüssige Brennstoffe

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4337896A (de)
EP (1) EP0021194B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS562866A (de)
AT (1) ATE9178T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1142422A (de)
DE (1) DE3069061D1 (de)
DK (1) DK150245C (de)
ES (1) ES8102663A1 (de)
FI (1) FI68721C (de)
IE (1) IE49683B1 (de)
IL (1) IL60236A (de)
MX (1) MX150643A (de)
NO (1) NO149939C (de)
PT (1) PT71358A (de)
ZA (1) ZA803358B (de)

Families Citing this family (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3233901C2 (de) * 1982-09-13 1986-11-06 Lechler Gmbh & Co Kg, 7012 Fellbach Ultraschall-Flüssigkeitszerstäuber
GB2132114B (en) * 1982-12-22 1986-02-05 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Ultrasonic nebuliser for atomic spectroscopy
US4659014A (en) * 1985-09-05 1987-04-21 Delavan Corporation Ultrasonic spray nozzle and method
ATE71201T1 (de) * 1986-05-09 1992-01-15 Sono Tek Corp Zentralverschraubter ultraschallzerstaeuber.
US4723708A (en) * 1986-05-09 1988-02-09 Sono-Tek Corporation Central bolt ultrasonic atomizer
DE3632396A1 (de) * 1986-09-24 1988-03-31 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von metalloxiden oder metallmischoxiden
US5025766A (en) * 1987-08-24 1991-06-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel injection valve and fuel supply system equipped therewith for internal combustion engines
US4821948A (en) * 1988-04-06 1989-04-18 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Method and apparatus for applying flux to a substrate
US4871105A (en) * 1988-04-06 1989-10-03 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Method and apparatus for applying flux to a substrate
US4996080A (en) * 1989-04-05 1991-02-26 Olin Hunt Specialty Products Inc. Process for coating a photoresist composition onto a substrate
US5219120A (en) * 1991-07-24 1993-06-15 Sono-Tek Corporation Apparatus and method for applying a stream of atomized fluid
DE9111204U1 (de) * 1991-09-10 1991-11-07 Stahl, Werner, 88662 Überlingen Vorrichtung zum Zerstäuben eines Wirkstoffs
US5166000A (en) * 1991-10-10 1992-11-24 Nanofilm Corporation Method of applying thin films of amphiphilic molecules to substrates
US5270248A (en) * 1992-08-07 1993-12-14 Mobil Solar Energy Corporation Method for forming diffusion junctions in solar cell substrates
JPH08512056A (ja) * 1993-06-30 1996-12-17 ジェネンテク・インコーポレイテッド リポソームの製造法
US5371429A (en) * 1993-09-28 1994-12-06 Misonix, Inc. Electromechanical transducer device
US6624539B1 (en) * 1997-05-13 2003-09-23 Edge Technologies, Inc. High power ultrasonic transducers
US6102298A (en) * 1998-02-23 2000-08-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Ultrasonic spray coating application system
US6152382A (en) * 1999-01-14 2000-11-28 Pun; John Y. Modular spray unit and method for controlled droplet atomization and controlled projection of droplets
US6458756B1 (en) 1999-07-14 2002-10-01 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Powder detergent process
ES2177394B1 (es) * 2000-05-15 2003-08-01 Altair Tecnologia S A Procedimiento de obtencion de energia mecanica y/o electrica mediante un sistema de ciclo combinado de motor endotermico alternativo con motor exotermico turbinado.
USRE40722E1 (en) 2002-09-27 2009-06-09 Surmodics, Inc. Method and apparatus for coating of substrates
US7192484B2 (en) 2002-09-27 2007-03-20 Surmodics, Inc. Advanced coating apparatus and method
US7125577B2 (en) * 2002-09-27 2006-10-24 Surmodics, Inc Method and apparatus for coating of substrates
US7958840B2 (en) * 2004-10-27 2011-06-14 Surmodics, Inc. Method and apparatus for coating of substrates
US7872848B2 (en) 2005-08-11 2011-01-18 The Boeing Company Method of ionizing a liquid and an electrostatic colloid thruster implementing such a method
KR101481933B1 (ko) * 2005-12-29 2015-01-14 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 코팅 공정을 위한 물질의 분무화 방법
FR2898468B1 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2008-06-06 Lvmh Rech Dispositif de pulverisation a element piezoelectrique, et son utilisation en cosmetologie et en parfumerie.
US8074895B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2011-12-13 Delavan Inc Fuel injection and mixing systems having piezoelectric elements and methods of using the same
FR2908329B1 (fr) * 2006-11-14 2011-01-07 Telemaq Dispositif et methode de distribution de fluide par ultrasons
US20080265055A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Ke-Ming Quan Ultrasonic nozzle
US20080265056A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Ke-Ming Quan Ultrasonic spray apparatus to coat a substrate
US20080265052A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Ke-Ming Quan Method of using an ultrasonic spray apparatus to coat a substrate
US9272297B2 (en) * 2008-03-04 2016-03-01 Sono-Tek Corporation Ultrasonic atomizing nozzle methods for the food industry
US9364349B2 (en) 2008-04-24 2016-06-14 Surmodics, Inc. Coating application system with shaped mandrel
CA2765882C (en) * 2008-06-17 2017-04-11 Davicon Corporation Liquid dispensing apparatus using a passive liquid metering method
US8038952B2 (en) * 2008-08-28 2011-10-18 General Electric Company Surface treatments and coatings for flash atomization
US20130029030A1 (en) 2010-03-15 2013-01-31 Kristian Larsen Method for promotion of hemostasis and/or wound healing
US9196760B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-11-24 Ut-Battelle, Llc Methods for producing complex films, and films produced thereby
US9308355B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2016-04-12 Surmodies, Inc. Apparatus and methods for coating medical devices
US9827401B2 (en) 2012-06-01 2017-11-28 Surmodics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for coating medical devices
US11090468B2 (en) 2012-10-25 2021-08-17 Surmodics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for coating medical devices
US9283350B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2016-03-15 Surmodics, Inc. Coating apparatus and methods
US9664016B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-05-30 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Acoustic artificial lift system for gas production well deliquification
US9587470B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-03-07 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Acoustic artificial lift system for gas production well deliquification
WO2020112816A1 (en) 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Surmodics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for coating medical devices
US11819590B2 (en) 2019-05-13 2023-11-21 Surmodics, Inc. Apparatus and methods for coating medical devices
ES2948777A1 (es) * 2020-10-14 2023-09-18 Dr Hielscher Gmbh Dispositivo para transmitir vibraciones mecánicas a medios fluidos

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949900A (en) * 1958-06-02 1960-08-23 Albert G Bodine Sonic liquid sprayer
US3317139A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-05-02 Simms Group Res Dev Ltd Devices for generating and delivering mechanical vibrations to a nozzle
GB1102472A (en) * 1963-05-28 1968-02-07 Simms Motor Units Ltd Improvements in or relating to fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines
US3400892A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-10 Battelle Development Corp Resonant vibratory apparatus
FR2208505A5 (de) * 1972-11-17 1974-06-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd
US3932109A (en) * 1973-02-22 1976-01-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Ultrasonic burner means
DE2604240A1 (de) * 1975-06-19 1976-12-23 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Verbrennungseinrichtung
DE2743863A1 (de) * 1976-09-29 1978-03-30 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Brenner mit einem ultraschallschwinger
DE2749859A1 (de) * 1976-11-08 1979-05-10 Sono Tek Corp Brenner mit zerstaeubung der fluessigbrennstoffe mittels ultraschall
JPS5515656A (en) * 1978-07-20 1980-02-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ultrasonic liquid atomizer

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3325858A (en) * 1964-10-02 1967-06-20 Gen Dynamics Corp Sonic apparatus
US3503804A (en) * 1967-04-25 1970-03-31 Hellmut Schneider Method and apparatus for the production of sonic or ultrasonic waves on a surface
US4003518A (en) * 1971-08-25 1977-01-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and device for controlling combustion in liquid fuel burner utilizing ultrasonic wave transducer

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949900A (en) * 1958-06-02 1960-08-23 Albert G Bodine Sonic liquid sprayer
GB1102472A (en) * 1963-05-28 1968-02-07 Simms Motor Units Ltd Improvements in or relating to fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines
US3317139A (en) * 1965-04-13 1967-05-02 Simms Group Res Dev Ltd Devices for generating and delivering mechanical vibrations to a nozzle
US3400892A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-10 Battelle Development Corp Resonant vibratory apparatus
FR2208505A5 (de) * 1972-11-17 1974-06-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd
US3932109A (en) * 1973-02-22 1976-01-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Ultrasonic burner means
DE2604240A1 (de) * 1975-06-19 1976-12-23 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Verbrennungseinrichtung
DE2743863A1 (de) * 1976-09-29 1978-03-30 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Brenner mit einem ultraschallschwinger
DE2749859A1 (de) * 1976-11-08 1979-05-10 Sono Tek Corp Brenner mit zerstaeubung der fluessigbrennstoffe mittels ultraschall
JPS5515656A (en) * 1978-07-20 1980-02-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ultrasonic liquid atomizer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI68721B (fi) 1985-06-28
NO149939B (no) 1984-04-09
NO801703L (no) 1980-12-09
ATE9178T1 (de) 1984-09-15
CA1142422A (en) 1983-03-08
DK150245C (da) 1988-01-11
US4337896A (en) 1982-07-06
MX150643A (es) 1984-06-13
NO149939C (no) 1984-07-18
IL60236A (en) 1985-07-31
EP0021194A2 (de) 1981-01-07
FI801813A (fi) 1980-12-09
EP0021194B1 (de) 1984-08-29
FI68721C (fi) 1985-10-10
ES492262A0 (es) 1981-01-16
DK150245B (da) 1987-01-19
PT71358A (en) 1980-07-01
DE3069061D1 (en) 1984-10-04
IE49683B1 (en) 1985-11-27
ZA803358B (en) 1981-06-24
ES8102663A1 (es) 1981-01-16
JPS562866A (en) 1981-01-13
JPS6252628B2 (de) 1987-11-06
DK245880A (da) 1980-12-09
IE801167L (en) 1980-12-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3069061D1 (en) Ultrasonic atomiser for liquid fuels
US4799622A (en) Ultrasonic atomizing apparatus
US5145113A (en) Ultrasonic generation of a submicron aerosol mist
EP0159189A2 (de) Verfahren zur Ultraschallschwingung und Vorrichtung zur Zerstäubung von Flüssigkeit
GB1520137A (en) Liquid atomizing apparatus
US3226029A (en) Production of aerosols and the like and apparatus therefor
DE2842232A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zerstaeuben von fluessigkeiten, suspensionen und emulsionen, agglomerierten staeuben bzw. pulvern sowie mischungen derselben
US3145931A (en) Liquid atomizers generating heat at variable rate through the combustion of liquid fuel
JPS61259780A (ja) 超音波霧化用振動子
US3638859A (en) Fluid atomizers
GB1388036A (en) Liquid fuel burners
JP3192864B2 (ja) 微粒燃料噴射ノズル
EP0257825B1 (de) Ultraschall-Schwinger
CA1218395A (en) Atomizer
JPS63218273A (ja) 液体霧化装置
JPS63270573A (ja) 超音波・超音速気流複合噴射弁
RU2658023C1 (ru) Акустическая форсунка для распыливания растворов
Tsai et al. Ultrasound-modulated twin-fluid jet atomization
JPS6325243B2 (de)
RU2668895C1 (ru) Акустическая форсунка для распыливания растворов
RU2667283C1 (ru) Акустическая форсунка для распыливания растворов
GB1100535A (en) Ultrasonic atomization
JPS5845299B2 (ja) 液体微粒化装置
JPH06262109A (ja) 霧化装置
SU801887A1 (ru) Устройство дл распыливани жидКиХ СРЕд

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810828

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 9178

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19840915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3069061

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19841004

ET Fr: translation filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19850630

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19860613

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19880609

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19880630

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19880630

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SONO-TEK CORP.

Effective date: 19880630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19890630

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19940609

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19940615

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19940622

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19940630

Year of fee payment: 15

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 80103161.8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19950610

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19960101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19960229

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19960101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19960301

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 80103161.8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19971028

Year of fee payment: 18

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980609

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980609