DE749706C - Process for the production of highly refractory products that are insensitive to temperature changes - Google Patents

Process for the production of highly refractory products that are insensitive to temperature changes

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Publication number
DE749706C
DE749706C DEB185058D DEB0185058D DE749706C DE 749706 C DE749706 C DE 749706C DE B185058 D DEB185058 D DE B185058D DE B0185058 D DEB0185058 D DE B0185058D DE 749706 C DE749706 C DE 749706C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
magnesia
production
temperature changes
chrome ore
highly refractory
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Expired
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DEB185058D
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German (de)
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Priority to DEB185058D priority Critical patent/DE749706C/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/42Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromites
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/12Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromium oxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/44Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur -Herstellung von temperaturwechselunempfindlichen hochfeuerfesten Erzeugnissen ` Zur Herstellung temperaturwechselheständiger Steine sind schon Mischungen von Chromerz und Magnesia vorgeschlagen worden, wobei die Mischungsanteile -zerkleinert lind gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz eines Binde" mittels verformt und gebrannt `werden.Process for the production of highly refractory insensitive to temperature changes Products `Mixtures are already used to produce stones that are resistant to temperature changes of chrome ore and magnesia have been proposed, the mixture proportions being crushed lind if necessary with the addition of a bandage "by means of deformed and fired".

Es ist auch versucht worden, die Tempera: turwechselheständiglzeit der Erzeugnisse aus solchen Mischungen zu. steigern, indem aus den Mischungen bestimmte Korngrößen ausgeschieden oder von -(lern einzelnen Mischungsbestandteilen bestimmte Korngrößen ausgewählt wurden. So wird beispielsweise über ein Verfahren berichtet, bei dem das. Chromerz in überwiegend- leörniger und die Magnesia- in überwvegend fein gemahlener Farm zur An--%vendung gelangen soll. RDäß jedoch nicht er-' leannt wurde, daß die Anwendung dieser Körnungsmaßnahme für die Güte der Chrommagnesiasteine maßgebend: ist, geht aus den Ausführungen an gleicher Wör nach es gleich sein soll, ob der Chromit oder der Magnesit in körniger Form vorliege.Attempts have also been made to keep the temperature constant of products from such mixtures. increase by making certain from the mixtures Grain sizes separated or from - (learn certain components of the mixture Grain sizes have been selected. For example, a procedure is reported in which the chrome ore in predominantly leörniger and the magnesia in predominantly finely ground farm should be used. But not expected was that the application of this granulation measure for the quality of the chrome magnesia stones decisive: is, goes from the explanations to the same word after it should be the same, whether the chromite or the magnesite is in granular form.

Man hat ferner vef sucht, durch Zusatz von Magnesia-, Eisen- und Chromyerbindungen eine Bildung von Mischkristallen. zwischen Chromerzkorn und Magnesiakern zu fördern.It has also been tried by the addition of magnesia, iron and chromium bonds a formation of mixed crystals. between chrome ore grain and magnesia core.

Bei allen diesen bekannten Verfahren wurde entweder kau.stisch gebrannter Magnesit, das ist niedrig gebrannter Mägnesit mit verhälteismäßig hoher Hydratisätiönstähigkeit, oder Sinter- bzw. geschmolzener Magnes:it, das ist .L\Iägnesit, der bis zur: vollkommenen Sinterung erhitzt wurde. verwendet. Hierbei ging (las Bestreben dahin, vom niedrig gebrannten kaustschen zum höher gebrannten Sinter und von diesem zum höchst gebrannten -(geschmodzeaien) Magnesit überzugehen.In all of these known processes, either the chewing table was fired Magnesite, that is low-fired magnesite with a relatively high hydration capacity, or sintered or melted magnesia: it, that is Sintering was heated. used. Here went (read aspiration there, from the low Burnt sinter to the higher burnt sinter and from this to the highest burnt sinter - (Geschmodzeaien) to pass over magnesite.

- Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Herstellung hochfeuerfester, temperaturweehselheständiger Steine ein aus sinterfähiger Magnesia bei Temperaturen zwischen r28o und iq.6o° C schwacgebrannter Magnesit verwendet. Der schwach- gebrannte Mägnesit wird zementfein gemahlen, mit Chromerz in gekörnter Form gemischt und derMischung noch .geringeMen-. gen eines bekannten Sintermittels, wie' beispielsweise Rotschlamm, zugesetzt, damit beim Brennen der Ii ärmlinge eine genügende Versinterung erzielt und die Bildung von forsteritähnlichen Magnesia-Kieselsäure-Ver_ bindungen _ gefördert wird, die für die hohe Feuerfestigkeit von wesentlichem Einfluß@ sind. Das,, Brennen der Förmlinge findet, wie bei #/Iischungen aus Chromerz mit- insbesondere Sintermagnesia schon bekannt, 1>2&*-*,Temperaturen über SK f8 (150o° C) statt.. - . Beispiel Ein für die Herstellung feuerfester Erzeugnisse geeignetes, hartes Chromerz wird in üblicher Weise bis auf eine Korngröße von höchstens 4 mm zerkleinert und das. anfallende Feinmehl bis zur Korngröße von 0,5 mm abgesiebt. Das zurückbleibende Chromerz in Körnung von 0,5 his 4'mm wird mit dem in einem Temperaturbereich zwischen SK g/io (etwa 130o° C) und SK 15/r6 (etwa 145o° C) schwach gebrannten, zementfein gemahlener Magnesit unter o;2 mm, dem etwa i % j3.- -er für Magne&it bekannten Sintermittel, z. Rotschlamm, zugesetzt ist, innigst vermischt, verformt und bei Temperaturen über SK 18 (etwa 150o° C) gebrannt.According to the invention, a magnesite made of sinterable magnesia at temperatures between r28o and iq.6o ° C is used to produce highly refractory, temperature-resistant bricks. The lightly burned magnesite is ground fine cement, mixed with chrome ore in granular form and the mixture still. A known sintering agent such as red mud, for example, is added so that sufficient sintering is achieved when the sleeves are burned and the formation of forsterite-like magnesia-silica compounds is promoted, which are of considerable influence on the high fire resistance. The burning of the moldings takes place, as with mixtures of chrome ore with - especially sintered magnesia, 1> 2 & * - *, temperatures above SK f8 (150o ° C) ... -. EXAMPLE A hard chrome ore suitable for the production of refractory products is comminuted in the usual way to a grain size of at most 4 mm and the fine flour produced is sieved to a grain size of 0.5 mm. The remaining chrome ore with a grain size of 0.5 to 4 mm is mixed with the lightly fired, cement-finely ground magnesite under o; 2 mm, the sintering agent known for about i% j3.- for Magne & it, e.g. Red mud, which is added, is intimately mixed, shaped and fired at temperatures above SK 18 (about 150o ° C).

Der Vorteil der Anwendung des -bei Tem= peraturen zwischen 128o und 146o° schwach gebrannten, aus sigterfähiger Magnesia hergestellten Magnesits gegenüber der gesinterten oder geschmolzenen Magnesia liegt vor allein _ in der größeren Reaktionsfähigkeit der schwach gebrannten Magnesia. Infolgedessen ist die Neigung zur Bildung der zwischen Chromerz- und: Magnesiakorn erwünschten Mischkristalle bei Verwendung schwach gebrannter Magnesia nach dem Verfahren--der-Erfindung größer als bei Verwendung von Sintermagnesia. Ferner läßt sich bei den erfindungsgemäß anzuwendenden Brenntemperaturen die sinterfähige Magnesia in üblichen Brennöfen bei verhältnismäßig niedrigem Brennstoffverbrauch -brennen, während zum Sinterbrand Höchsttemperaturöfen erforderlich sind, die außerdem einen erheblich höheren Brennstoffverbrauch als die üblichen Brennöfen haben. Da gesinterte oder geschmalzene Magnesia in dem in Frage kommenden Temperaturbereich-fast die doppelte lineare Ausdehnung wie Chromerz hat, wird, da -sie außerdem sehr dicht ist, bei eintretendem Temperaturwechsel das Gefüge des Steines gelockert bzw, gesprengt. Demgegenüber :bietet die -erfindungsgemäß schwach gebrannte Magnesia mit nicht bis zur Sinterung gesteigerter Dichte (Raumgewicht etwa 1,5 gegenüber 2,3 bis 3 bei Sinter) eine gewissermaßen elastische Umhüllung der Chromerzkörner.The advantage of using the -at temperatures between 128o and 146o ° compared to slightly fired magnesite made from saturable magnesia the sintered or molten magnesia is present only in the greater reactivity the lightly burned magnesia. As a result, there is a tendency towards the formation of the between Chromium ore and magnesia grains are desirable mixed crystals when using lightly fired Magnesia according to the method - of the invention is greater than when using sintered magnesia. Furthermore, at the firing temperatures to be used according to the invention, the sinterable temperature can be used Magnesia in conventional kilns with relatively low fuel consumption -burning, while maximum temperature furnaces are required for sintering, which also have a significantly higher fuel consumption than conventional kilns. There sintered or lined magnesia in the temperature range in question - almost twice as linear as chrome ore, because it is also very dense If the temperature change occurs, the structure of the stone is loosened or burst. In contrast: according to the invention, the weakly fired magnesia does not offer up to for sintering increased density (density about 1.5 compared to 2.3 to 3 at Sinter) a somewhat elastic covering of the chrome ore grains.

Von kaustischem Magnesit unterscheidet sich -der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende schwach gebrannte Magnesit durch seine größere Dichte (1,5 gegenüber o,6 beim kau--stischen Magnesit) und geringere Hydratisationsfähigkeit. Daher haben die nach dem Verfahren der Erfindung hergestellten Steine eine größere mechanische Festigkeit, Druckfeuerbeständigkeit und Schlackenwiderstandsfähigkeit als die aus kaustischer Magnesia hergestellten Chrommagnesiasteine, die infolge des niedrigen Raumgewichts der kaustischen Magnesia beim Fertigbrand erheblich nachschwinden, was zu einer derartigen Auflockerung des Gefüges führt, daß an die mechanische Festigkeit, Druckfeuerbeständigkeit und . Ahlackenwiderstandsfähigkeit dieser Steine nur geringe Ansprüche gestellt werden können.The invention differs from caustic magnesite using weakly burnt magnesite due to its greater density (1.5 compared to o, 6 in the case of caustic magnesite) and lower hydration capacity. Therefore have the stones produced by the method of the invention have a larger mechanical Strength, pressure fire resistance and slag resistance than those out Caustic magnesia made of chrome magnesia stones, which as a result of the low The volume weight of the caustic magnesia shrink considerably after the final firing, which leads to such a loosening of the structure that the mechanical strength, Pressure fire resistance and. Paint resistance of these stones is only low Claims can be made.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfeuerfester temperaturwechselbeständiger Steine durch Brennen eines aus körnigem Chromerz" und fein verteilter Magnesia geformten Gemisches bei Temperaturen über i 50o°, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem körnigen Chromerz eine zementfein gemahlene, bei Temperaturen zwischen. 128o und 146o° schwach gebrannte sinterfähige Magnesia sowie geringe Mengen eines bekannten -Sintermittels, wie beispielsweise Rotschlamm, zugesetzt werden. Zur Abgrenzung des Anmeldungsgegenstandes vom Stand der Technik sind im Erteilungsverfahren folgende Druckschriften in Betracht gezogen worden: französische Patentschriften Nr. 662:283, 779 465, 702 6 79, 727 522; britische Patentschrift ..... - 15 163 vorn Jahre z 9 f 5 ; österreichische Patentschrift - 14434; USA.- - - 2 077 796; deutsche- 664044, Ber. d. Deutschen Keram, Ges. (193o), S. 52/53;
INTiederleuthner, Rudolf, Unbildsame Rohstoffe keramischer Massen (1g28), Wien; Stroitelnyje Materialy (1g31), Nr.6, S.113 bis 125, 404, 4071 424 424 425.
PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of highly refractory bricks that are resistant to temperature changes by firing a mixture formed from granular chrome ore and finely divided magnesia at temperatures above 150o °, characterized in that the granular chrome ore is a cement-finely ground, sinterable slightly fired at temperatures between 128o and 146o ° Magnesia and small amounts of a known sintering agent, such as red mud, can be added. French patents nos. 662: 283, 779 465, 702 6 79, 727 522; British patent specification ..... - 15 163 before years z 9 f 5; Austrian patent specification - 14434; USA.- - - 2 0 77 796; German- 664044, Ber. d. German Keram, Ges. (193o), P. 52/53;
INTiederleuthner, Rudolf, Unbildsame raw materials for ceramic masses (1g28), Vienna; Stroitelnyje Materialy (1g31), No. 6, pages 113 to 125, 404, 407 1 424 424 425.
DEB185058D 1938-10-29 1938-10-29 Process for the production of highly refractory products that are insensitive to temperature changes Expired DE749706C (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191515163A (en) * 1915-10-27 1916-10-27 Thomas Twynam Improvements in the Manufacture of Refractory Bricks.
FR662283A (en) * 1928-02-07 1929-08-05 Refractory material containing chromite, and process for its manufacture
FR702679A (en) * 1929-09-27 1931-04-14 Ver Stahlwerke Ag Manufacturing process for refractory stones or bricks
FR779465A (en) * 1934-09-18 1935-04-05 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit Extremely refractory chromite brick manufacturing process, resistant to temperature changes
AT144314B (en) * 1931-10-23 1936-01-10 George Milroy Ing Carrie Process for the manufacture of refractory bricks.
US2077796A (en) * 1935-07-16 1937-04-20 Harbison Walker Refractories Chrome ore refractories
DE664044C (en) * 1929-09-28 1938-08-31 Magnesital G M B H Process for the production of refractory bricks containing chromium ore and magnesium oxide

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191515163A (en) * 1915-10-27 1916-10-27 Thomas Twynam Improvements in the Manufacture of Refractory Bricks.
FR662283A (en) * 1928-02-07 1929-08-05 Refractory material containing chromite, and process for its manufacture
FR702679A (en) * 1929-09-27 1931-04-14 Ver Stahlwerke Ag Manufacturing process for refractory stones or bricks
DE664044C (en) * 1929-09-28 1938-08-31 Magnesital G M B H Process for the production of refractory bricks containing chromium ore and magnesium oxide
AT144314B (en) * 1931-10-23 1936-01-10 George Milroy Ing Carrie Process for the manufacture of refractory bricks.
FR779465A (en) * 1934-09-18 1935-04-05 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit Extremely refractory chromite brick manufacturing process, resistant to temperature changes
US2077796A (en) * 1935-07-16 1937-04-20 Harbison Walker Refractories Chrome ore refractories

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