DE1017256B - Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command impulses over power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devices - Google Patents
Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command impulses over power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devicesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1017256B DE1017256B DEH27203A DEH0027203A DE1017256B DE 1017256 B DE1017256 B DE 1017256B DE H27203 A DEH27203 A DE H27203A DE H0027203 A DEH0027203 A DE H0027203A DE 1017256 B DE1017256 B DE 1017256B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- audio
- transmission
- remote control
- power distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
- H02J13/00009—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using pulsed signals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Ubertragung tonfrequenter Befehlsimpulse über Stromverteilungs- oder Fernsprechnetze zwecks Fernsteuerung von Schaltgeräten Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Zentralsteuerung von Schaltgeräten (Relais od,. dgl.) über ein bereits vorhandenes Stromverteilungs- oder Fernsprechnetz. Es ist hierfür bereits bekannt, z. B. einem Starkstromnetz Befehlsimpulse netzfremder Frequenz, insbesondere tonfrequente Befehlsimpulse, aufzudrücken, durch die an den Empfangsstellen Resonanzrelais oder an Resonanzkreise angeschlossene Empfangsrelais betätigt werden.Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command pulses via power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devices The invention relates on a method for the central control of switching devices (relays or the like) via an existing power distribution or telephone network. It is for this already known, e.g. B. a power network command pulses of non-network frequency, In particular, tone-frequency command pulses to be pressed on by the at the receiving points Resonance relays or receiving relays connected to resonance circuits are operated.
Die Hauptschwierigkeit bei der Fernsteuerung über ein Starkstromnetz nach dem bekannten Verfahren ergibt sich durch den zu berücksichtigenden Störpegel, der sich aus Harmonischen der Netzfrequenz, Maschinenstörungen und Schaltstößen zusammensetzt. Wie leicht einzusehen, muß hierbei die Spannung der Befehlsimpulse an der Empfangsstelle noch groß gegenüber dem Störpegel sein, da andernfalls die Empfangsrelais auf die Störspannung ansprechen, sobald ihre Resonanzfreqenz zufällig im Störspektrum auftritt. Zur Erfüllung der genannten Bedingung gilt unter Berücksichtigung der Leitungsverluste die aus der Erfahrung gewonnene Faustregel, daß die für die Fernsteuerung an der Senderseite aufzuwendende Leistung etwa 1/100o der installierten Netzleistung betragen soll. Da nun die installierte Leistung des Stromverteilungsnetzes einer mittleren Großstadt etwa 50 Megawatt beträgt, so wäre hierfür also ein Maschinensender von etwa 50Kilowatt erforderlich. Dazu kommt noch, daß entsprechend hoch belastbare Schaltmittel erforderlich sind, um diese Steuerleistung in das Netz einzuspeisen.The main difficulty with remote control over a power network According to the known method, the interference level to be taken into account results in which is made up of harmonics of the mains frequency, machine faults and switching surges composed. As is easy to see, this must be the voltage of the command pulses still be large compared to the interference level at the receiving point, otherwise the Receive relay respond to the interference voltage as soon as its resonance frequency happens to be occurs in the interference spectrum. In order to meet the stated condition, the following applies the line losses the rule of thumb gained from experience that the for the Remote control on the transmitter side, the power to be expended is about 1 / 100o of the installed power Network power should be. Since now the installed capacity of the power distribution network a medium-sized city is around 50 megawatts, so this would be a machine transmitter of about 50 kilowatts required. In addition, it is also highly resilient Switching means are required to feed this control power into the network.
Die Erfindung schlägt demgegenüber ein Verfahren vor, bei dem die aufzuwendende Steuerleistung etwa um den Faktor 1000 niedriger liegt als bei dem bekannten, so daß also für 50 Megawatt Netzleistung nur etwa 50 Watt Steuerleistung aufgebracht werden müssen. Diese Leistung kann man ohne Schwierigkeit auch mit einem noch sehr handlichen Röhrensender erzeugen.The invention proposes a method in which the tax output to be expended is about a factor of 1000 lower than that known, so that for 50 megawatts of network power only about 50 watts of control power must be applied. You can do this without any difficulty with a produce tube transmitters that are still very handy.
Erfindungsgemäß werden die tonfrequenten Befehlsimpulse vor ihrer Übertragung einer Trägerwechselspannung, deren Frequenz ebenfalls im Tonfrequenzbereich liegt, aber hoch gegenüber der Frequenz der Befehlsimpulse ist, mit einem Frequenzhub, der ein Mehrfaches der Frequenz der Befehlsimpulse beträgt, in Frequenzmodulation aufgeprägt und an der Empfangsstelle in an sich bekannter Weise nach Amplitudenbegrenzung der Trägerwechselspannung durch Demodulation zurückgewonnen.According to the audio-frequency command pulses before their Transmission of an alternating carrier voltage, the frequency of which is also in the audio frequency range lies, but is high compared to the frequency of the command pulses, with a frequency deviation, which is a multiple of the frequency of the command pulses, in frequency modulation impressed and at the receiving point in a manner known per se after amplitude limitation the alternating carrier voltage recovered by demodulation.
Der bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weitaus geringere Leistungsbedarf ist dadurch zu erklären, daß es, wie entsprechende Versuche gezeigt haben, bei diesem Verfahren genügt, wenn die Trägerwechselspannung an der Empfangsstelle wenigstens so groß ist wie die Störspannung, da dann der nötige Störabstand durch den großen Frequenzhub gewährleistet wird. Eine abnorm hohe Störspannung, wie sie z. B. bei einem Schaltstoß auftritt, könnte allerdings durch Röhrenübersteuerung eine vorübergehende Unempfindlichkeit des Empfangsgerätes verursachen, so daß ein etwa gleichzeitig gegebener Befehl das Schaltgerät nicht zum Ansprechen bringt. Dem kann jedoch dadurch begegnet werden, daß jeder Befehl mehrmals hintereinander gegeben wird. Auf keinen Fall aber kann bei dem neuen Verfahren durch Störspannungen eine unbeabsichtigte Betätigung der Schaltgeräte verursacht werden.The much lower when using the method according to the invention Power requirement can be explained by the fact that it, as shown in corresponding experiments with this method is sufficient if the carrier alternating voltage is at the receiving point is at least as large as the interference voltage, because then the necessary signal-to-noise ratio is through the large frequency deviation is guaranteed. An abnormally high interference voltage like her z. B. occurs during a switching surge, but could be caused by tube overload cause a temporary insensitivity of the receiving device, so that a a command given at the same time does not cause the switching device to respond. However, this can be countered by repeating each command several times is given. In no case can interference voltages occur with the new method unintentional actuation of the switchgear can be caused.
Es ist zwar schon bekanntgeworden, bei der Übertragung von Befehlsimpulsen über Netze die Frequenz der Befehlsimpulse zu variieren; hierbei handelte es sich aber nur um eine Art Frequenzumtastung, zu dem Zwecke, Resonanzrelais verschiedener Abstimmung wahlweise ansprechen zu lassen. Ein Wechsel der Befehlsimpulsfrequenz ist selbstverständlich auch bei dem neuen Verfahren möglich und auch zweckmäßig, z. B. um unterschiedliche Befehlsimpulse zum Ein-und zum Ausschalten der Schaltgeräte zu schaffen.It has already become known when it comes to the transmission of command pulses to vary the frequency of the command pulses via networks; this was what it was but only a kind of frequency shift keying, for the purpose of making resonance relays different Voting to be addressed optionally. A change in the command pulse frequency is of course also possible and expedient with the new process, z. B. to different command pulses for switching the switching devices on and off to accomplish.
Man hat auch schon die Frequenz der Befehls-_mpulse periodisch umeinige Hertz gewobbelt; diese Maßnahme geschah aber nur mit Rücksicht auf gewisse Toleranzen in der Eigenfrequenz der Resonanzrelais, die sich bei Serienherstellung ergeben.The frequency of the command pulses has also been periodically changed Hertz wobbled; However, this measure was only taken with due regard to certain tolerances in the natural frequency of the resonance relays that result from series production.
In manchen Fällen ist es notwendig oder erwünscht, vom Starkstrom- auf ein Fernsprechnetz (oder umgekehrt) überzugehen. Um hierbei nicht den Sprechbetrieb des benutzten Fernsprechnetzes zu stören, wählt man zweckmäßig eine Trägerfrequenz, die oberhalb 3000 Hz und eine Befehlsirnpulsfrequenz, die unterhalb 300 Hz liegt.In some cases it is necessary or desirable to to switch to a telephone network (or vice versa). In order to not stop speaking of to interfere with the telephone network being used, it is expedient to choose a carrier frequency, the one above 3000 Hz and a command pulse frequency that is below 300 Hz.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird an dem Beispiel des gezeichneten Blockschaltbildes näher erläutert.The method according to the invention is illustrated using the example of the drawing Block diagram explained in more detail.
Hierin. bedeutet Block 1 den Generator für die Trägerwechselspannung, deren Frequenz 4000 Hz betragen möge. In Block 2 werden die Befehlsimpulse erzeugt. Für die Einschaltimpulse ist die Frequenz 40 Hz und für die Ausschaltimpulse die Frequenz 60 Hz vorgesehen. Block 3 enthält die Frequenzmodulatorschaltung. Die bei einem Frequenzhub von etwa ± 150 Hz mit den Befehlsimpulsen modulierteTrägerspannung wird zunächst einem Leistungsverstärker 4 zugeführt und nach Verstärkung über .ein Anpassungsglied 5 in das Netz N eingespeist.Here in. Block 1 means the generator for the alternating carrier voltage, whose frequency may be 4000 Hz. In block 2 the command pulses are generated. The frequency for the switch-on pulses is 40 Hz and the frequency for the switch-off pulses is Frequency 60 Hz provided. Block 3 contains the frequency modulator circuit. The at carrier voltage modulated with the command pulses with a frequency deviation of approximately ± 150 Hz is first fed to a power amplifier 4 and after amplification via .ein Adapter 5 fed into the network N.
An der Empfangsstelle erfolgt die Abnahme der modulierten Trägerspannung vom Netz mittels der Anpassungs- und Filterglieder 6. Durch die beiden Amplitu.denbegrenzer 7 und 8 werden die frequenzmodulierenden Auswirkungen der in der Trägerspannung enthaltenen, aus dem Netz aufgenommenen Amplitudenstörungen in bekannter Weise stark herabgesetzt.The modulated carrier voltage is reduced at the receiving point from the network by means of the adaptation and filter elements 6. Through the two amplitude limiters 7 and 8 illustrate the frequency modulating effects of the carrier voltage contained amplitude disturbances picked up from the network in a known manner degraded.
In Block 9 erfolgt die Frequenzmodulation und damit die Rückgewinnung der atifmodulierten Befehlsimpulse. Block 10 enthält einen Resonanzverstärker, der abwechselnd auf die beiden verwendeten Befehlsimpulsfrequenzen, im vorliegenden Falle also 40 und 60 Hz, umschaltbar ist. Diese Umschaltung geschieht selbsttätig durch die Relaisschaltung in Bloch 11. Diese betätigt jeweils nach Eintreffen eines Befehlsimpulses außer dem eigentlichen Arbeitskontakt einen Kontakt zur Umschaltung des Resonanzverstärkers auf die andere Befehlsimpulsfrequenz,was durch den Wirkungspfeil irr angedeutet sein soll.The frequency modulation and thus the recovery takes place in block 9 of the atif modulated command pulses. Block 10 contains a resonance amplifier, the alternately on the two command pulse frequencies used, in the present case So case 40 and 60 Hz, is switchable. This switchover takes place automatically by the relay circuit in Bloch 11. This actuates each time one arrives Command impulse, in addition to the actual normally open contact, a switchover contact of the resonance amplifier to the other command pulse frequency, which is indicated by the action arrow should be indicated erroneously.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH27203A DE1017256B (en) | 1956-06-04 | 1956-06-04 | Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command impulses over power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH27203A DE1017256B (en) | 1956-06-04 | 1956-06-04 | Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command impulses over power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devices |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE1017256B true DE1017256B (en) | 1957-10-10 |
Family
ID=7150515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DEH27203A Pending DE1017256B (en) | 1956-06-04 | 1956-06-04 | Method for the transmission of audio-frequency command impulses over power distribution or telephone networks for the purpose of remote control of switching devices |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE1017256B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2408151A1 (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1974-12-05 | Zellweger Uster Ag | METHOD OF REMOTE CONTROL VIA A POWERFUL MAINS AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD |
-
1956
- 1956-06-04 DE DEH27203A patent/DE1017256B/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2408151A1 (en) * | 1973-05-18 | 1974-12-05 | Zellweger Uster Ag | METHOD OF REMOTE CONTROL VIA A POWERFUL MAINS AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD |
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