CN2404739Y

CN2404739Y - Electric motor with electricity generating function

Info

Publication number: CN2404739Y
Application number: CN 99252761
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万德鸿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-11-03
Filing date: 1999-11-03
Publication date: 2000-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2009-11-03

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric motor with a function of power generation. The utility model is composed of a cylindrical body of a motorcycle engine, an outer rotor permanent magnetic generator of rare earth, a polymorphic outer rotor motor and a control driver; the outer rotor permanent magnetic generator of rare earth is four-stage or six-stage, the polymorphic outer rotor motor is forty-stage or sixty-stage, and batteries are started and runs at low speed by the control driver; when petrol is adopted for power generation, the utility model runs at normal speed; the outer rotor permanent magnetic generator of rare earth combines the functions of power supply, starting ignition and charge; the polymorphic outer rotor motor combines the functions of running, brake and renewable power generation. The inside of the utility model is not provided with a clutch, a gear, a belt a starting motor or a magneto, and the utility model has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, low noise, high efficiency and few faults. The utility model is suitable for mixed motive power electric vehicles, and can fully drive a front wheel and a rear wheel or multiple wheels of a complete vehicle.

Description

Electric engine with electric generation function

The utility model relates to a kind of electric engine with electric generation function, does not especially have the electricity generation and electromotion type of mechanical speed-changing gear and mechanical drive, but the device of direct drive wheel walking.

At present, reciprocating motion of the pistons in the known motor cycle engine, drive mechanical friction clutch, reduction gear train by crankshaft revolution, chain or cone belt, the walking of driving motor cycle rear wheel, and the DC motor that engine starting is used also must could realize electric motor starting by reducing gear and trip mechanism, driving engine also must be used the profile type magneto generator in addition, is used for lighting a fire in the cylinder and charging and the car load electricity consumption for battery.Because parts are many in addition for machinery in the driving engine, the working accuracy height, for keeping the works fine state, must use the lubricating oil fuel tank, all mechanical parts are in the lubrication box works, and must be throughout the year change oil repeatedly, even so, the wearing and tearing of parts in addition of unavoidable machinery, generation prolongs with used life, noise enlarges markedly, the driving efficiency of system is reduced, because the driving engine of this mechanical drive and gear shift mode, the work material of multiple parts in addition is many, processing technology requires high and complicated, assembling and seal request height, the working expenditure height in the use.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of electric engine with electric generation function, and it has not only deducted above-mentioned a lot of machinery and has phoresied and speed change parts in addition, and reduces rotational noise, increases the service life, often change oil.

The utility model is achieved in that the bent axle external part at the driving engine of motor bike.The permanent magnetism three phase alternator is installed, at the motor body case other end, outer-rotor type three-phase permanent polymorphic (asynchronous working and the coexistence of synchronous working two states) electrical motor is installed, because the rotating speed of engine crankshaft is by Throttle Opening Control, therefore just realize also that rotating speed is by there being throttle to open and close the control of size, make the output voltage V and the frequency F of mag-dynamo obtain the output of V/F frequency conversion voltage adjusting, the polymorphic outer rotor motor of frequency conversion voltage adjusting power supply input three-phase of three-phase alternating current, and this electrical motor directly is fastened on the wheel, thereby has realized the stepless change walking of the throttle adjustment control speed of a motor vehicle; Driving engine is a high-speed cruising, general its rotating speed 1000 to 9000r/min have also higher, and wheel requires about tens to 1000r/min, so also require driving engine to the deceleration that obtains between the wheel about 10: 1, being to be generator designs 4 utmost points or 6 utmost points in invention, is motor designs that 40 utmost points or 60 are extremely realized.Be serially connected in the switching electric control that realizes electrical motor in the circuit with the alternating-current bidirectional thyristor, it is equivalent to the effect of mechanical clutch, and the effect that electric energy just is equivalent to mechanical chain or belt transmission mechanical energy is presented in three transmissions of electricity.Because therefore the generator speed height in this electric engine with electric generation function is designed to the outer rotor cylindrical shape, adapts to the unlikely permanent magnet that causes of high-speed cruising operating mode and overflow and damage.

Owing to adopt above-mentioned electric engine with electric generation function scheme, can significantly reduce the component count in addition of existing mechanical drive driving engine, reduce the loss of processing technology and material, improve the quality of products and reduce the operating maintenance expense, this is because the fault of electrical generator and electrical motor is few and its system effectiveness of transmitting energy is with using its prolongation not reduce.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the basic structure section-drawing of electric engine with electric generation function.

Fig. 2 is the electric generator structure half-sectional view.

Fig. 3 is the outer garden of electrical generator tube, lamination, permanent magnet section-drawing.

Fig. 4 is the electric motor structure half-sectional view.

Fig. 5 is motor casing, lamination, permanent magnet, rotor conductor section-drawing.

In Fig. 1,1. motor body 2. bent axles 3. electrical generators 4. electrical motors 5. anchor shafts 6. control-actuator 7.8.9. cover cap 10.11. fixation clips 12. jam nuts 13. fans 14. piston rod 15.16. igniting inductor and rotate the magnetic conduction iron block.

In Fig. 2,2. rotation magnetic conduction iron block 17. hollow shafts 18. outer garden tubes 19. fan blades 20. permanent magnets 21. lead windings 22. stator lasminations 23. insulcretes 24. bearing carrier rings 25. bearings 26. adapter plates 27. bearing stop collars 28. clamp nuts of bent axle 3. electrical generators 14. piston rods 16. igniting inductors.

In Fig. 3,18. outer garden tubes, 20. permanent magnets, 22. stator lasminations.

4. electrical motors, 5. anchor shafts, 29. right end caps, 30. left end caps, 31. right bearings cover 32. left bearings and cover 33. outer rotor laminations, 34. shells, 35. permanent magnets, 36. rotor conductors, 37. stator lasminations, 38. lead windings, 39. bearings, 40. fastening axle sleeves 41. and draw lead in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 5,33. outer rotor laminations, 35. permanent magnets, 36. rotor conductors, 37. stator lasminations, 42. line embedding grooves.

Piston rod in Fig. 1 (14) is on the piston that is attached in the engine cylinder, and this part of driving engine comprises cylinder band, cylinder cover, light-up plug, carburettor, freeing pipe and fuel tank, because of this part is not draw among prior art, Fig. 1.Fan (13) rotation back aspirated air from the breather port of cover cap (7) flows out around engine cylinder body from bend pipe again, and engine cylinder body is carried out forced air cooling, and engine cylinder body adds streamlined reefer housing.The pedal motor scooter of prior art adopts forced air cooling device more.The electronic inverter, PWM (Switching Power Supply pulse width modulator) and the three-phase alternating current gate-controlled switch that comprise two brushless motors in the control-actuator (6).This partly is that existing mature technology (can be write and " electric machine control special IC " Tan Jiancheng chief editor with reference to " (DC Brushless Motor principle and application " Zhang Chen, electric automatization up-to-date technology book series, China Machine Press published in 1996 and 1997), make or select for use specialized factory's supply of material.

Electrical generator in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is owing to be directly installed on the engine crankshaft, its rotating speed generally 1000 to 10000r/min, the engine crankshaft rotating speed that has reaches the above commentaries on classics of 13000r/min, therefore generator designs becomes foreign field rotary-type, its effect is: the one, have flywheel action, and overcome the dead point in the time of can making crankshaft revolution easily; The 2nd, permanent magnet is subjected to high rotating speed centrifugal action, unlikelyly resembles the internal rotor electrical generator easy generation and selects and damaged; The 3rd, to mag-dynamo equal volume comparison of sizes, the permanent magnet of outer rotor generator rotation needs the non-magnetic cylinder fastening, and the magnetic conduction air gap is increased relatively, has reduced air gap flux density.Cause capacity of generator to reduce.The generator Structure characteristics are among Fig. 2: hollow shaft (17), out cylinder (18), fan blade (19), permanent magnet (20) constitute the outer rotor part of electrical generator (3); This partly is the external part that is directly installed on engine crankshaft (2) by hollow shaft (17), and loads on bent axle (2) with spring washer and clamp nut (28), reaches with engine crankshaft to rotate with speed; Generator unit stator is partly by the lead winding (21) on the stator, stator lasmination (22), insulcrete (23), bearing carrier ring (24), after bearing (25) and adapter plate (26) assembling, be connected on the motor body (1) by adapter plate is fastening, pig-tail wire is connected in control-actuator (6), the iron block (16) of projection also is installed on the tube of electrical generator outer rotor case garden, it is the rotation magnetic circuit part of igniting inductor (15), this is that the electronic ignition system transplanting is come on the prior art magneto generator, purpose is to make this design electrical generator reach a tractor serves several purposes, needn't install as the magneto generator on the prior art driving engine, design electrical generator with this, can play the igniting of magneto generator countercylinder, to the car load power supply with to the Vehicular accumulator cell floating charge, while can be played car load walking power power supply again and be used as actuating motor by electronics inversion actuator, therefore, this electrical generator can be realized igniting, charging, power supply, four kinds of functions of electricity starting integrate, or are called four unification motors.Among Fig. 3 electrical generator out cylinder, lamination, permanent magnet section-drawing, what draw among the figure is 4 utmost points, 24 groove outer rotor generator structural profiles, 4 permanent magnet sections are decentraction circle magnet steel section shown in Fig. 3, it makes the Distribution of Magnetic Field near sinusoidal distribute, the extremely adjacent S utmost point of N is arranged, and the material of permanent magnet (20) is rare earth permanent magnet nd-fe-b (NdFeB) or SmCo (SmCo).

Stator conductor winding (21) can distribute by existing motor 4 utmost point windings, adopt wave winding or lap winding all can, the coiling of pole span peace 1-6 groove; This design electrical generator also can calculate by 6 utmost point motors, the last bonded assembly 4 pieces watts of shape rare-earth permanent magnets (20) of out cylinder among Fig. 3 (18) are replaced by 6 like this, 90 ° of accounting for of every permanent magnet become 60 °, the extremely adjacent arrangement of S of a N utmost point, what constitute is not 4 utmost points but the outer rotor of 6 pole generators, what should change mutually is stator lasmination jet-bedding number, changes 36 grooves into by 24 grooves, by 6 utmost point machine winding rules.

In Fig. 4, electrical motor (4) right end cap (29) and left end cap (30) constitute the outer rotor of electrical motor by bearing (39) supporting shell (34), outer rotor lamination (33), permanent magnet (35), rotor conductor (36) and left and right bearing cap shim (32), (31); The stationary part of electrical motor is to be made of anchor shaft (5), fastening axle sleeve (40), stator lasmination (37), lead winding (38) assembling.Drawing lead (41) is connected in control one actuator (6).Rotor and stator keep certain air gap by bearing (39).Be motor casing, lamination, permanent magnet, rotor conductor section-drawing in Fig. 5, this figure illustrates the constructional feature of this outer rotor motor.Sipes among Fig. 5 on (33) outer rotor lamination is 20 grooves, and 20 permanent magnets that bond, the material of permanent magnet (35) are rare earth permanent magnet nd-fe-b (NdFeB) or SmCo (SmCo).Article 20, the same polarity N utmost point of permanent magnet or the S utmost point all point to the motor axis placement, and adjacent iron core teeth portion forms the polarity opposite with permanent magnet naturally, so just forms the electrical motor of 40 utmost points; If on the rotor pack (33), have 30 sipes outside, 30 permanent magnets that bond then can form the electrical motor of 60 utmost points.Have 40 narrow grooves on the outer rotor lamination (33) again, it is to be used for settling naked flat copper conductor, constitutes rotor conductor (36), and these conductor two ends are welded into ring after stretching out the end bending of outer rotor lamination (33), constitute the conductor of outer rotor squirrel cage asynchronous motor; If by 60 utmost point electric machine design, narrow groove needs 60, and naked flat copper conductor is 60, constitutes the outer rotor mouse cage asynchronous motor.When outer rotor was 40 utmost points, the line embedding groove (42) on the stator lasmination (37) was 36 grooves; When outer rotor was 60 utmost points, the line embedding groove (42) on the stator lasmination (37) was 54 grooves.

Existing permanent magnet on this electrical motor outer rotor, when the mouse cage conductor is arranged again, just formed " polymorphic " electrical motor of a kind of asynchronous, synchronous two kinds of mode of operations, the advantage of this electrical motor is, can asynchronous starting and synchronized operation, improved the defective of prior art permasyn morot starting difficulty.In addition in the car load design of motor bike, two motors can be installed, and the two-wheel driving usefulness as two-wheeled motor vehicle also can be contained on the motor-tricycle, all-wheel drive mode as motor-tricycle, both improve the type of drive of motor bike, improved the car load off-road capability, the differential that produces between each wheel in the time of can allowing motor bike to turn round again, what the electrical motor during differential between each wheel had is asynchronous operation, what have is synchronized operation, and when straight way travelled, the electrical motor on each wheel can be synchronized operation again.On electronlmobil, also can realize above-mentioned asynchronous, synchronous two kinds of operation scheme.Therefore, multiple-state electric motor is necessary and favourable on the wheel direct drive of battery-driven car.

The stator lasmination groove number of three-phase 40 utmost points or three-phase 60 pole motors, be respectively 36 grooves and 54 grooves, by 36 grooves, 40 pole motors is example, every phase 12 grooves, 12 lead windings of coiled, 3 lead windings of every extremely every phase, the winding mode is first utmost point A phase 1-4 groove, B phase 4-7 groove, C phase 7-10 groove, second utmost point, the 3rd utmost point, the 4th utmost point A, B, C are respectively mutually: A phase 10-13,19-22,28-31; B phase 13-16,22-25,31-34, C phase 16-19,25-28,34-1 groove, form the three-phase lap winding, winding reversing sense in centre of every three windings of every phase extremely down embeds in the wire casing, two limits of every winding embed respectively in the adjacent wire casing, constitute the shortest span, can shorten the end of lead winding like this, thereby reduce wire resistance and loss, it is very favourable improving the motor benefit.For 54 slot motors, adopt above-mentioned same mode embedding system, every is 18 lead windings mutually, every phase 6 utmost points, each phase rule take the order reckoning as stated above of groove number.

Because this electric engine with electric generation function, outer rotor generator and outer rotor motor-in-wheel all adopt the rare earth permanent-magnetic material manufacturing, therefore have that volume is little, efficient is high, system effectiveness can reach about 80%, reach the existing mechanically operated system effectiveness of engine petrol pedal motorcycle, thereby this electric engine with electric generation function, can make full use of China (China) rare earth affluent resources, improve the motor cycle engine quality, realize double dynamical " the hybrid electric motor bike " of fuel engines electricity generation and electromotion and two kinds of energy of battery.This is for energy-saving and environmental protection and to reduce over-the-road expense be very favourable.

When implementing this programme, referring to figs. 2 to Fig. 5, it is to install 1: 1 size of meter to draw, engine cylinder body in this design, select for use the general woods machinery in Chongqing to claim the F139 type four-stroke motor of making, electrical generator and electrical motor Antu 2, Fig. 4 manufacturing, its rating horsepower, rated voltage, rated speed of rotation all should require to consider according to car load.

Claims

1. electric engine with electric generation function, it is made of engine petrol, electrical generator, electrical motor, driving-controller, motor body, it is characterized in that:

A., the engine cylinder body that bent axle (2), electrical generator (3), electrical motor (4) control-actuator (6), igniting inductor (15) and (16), fan (13), cover cap (7), (8), (9), motor reel (5) and clamping plate (10) thereof, (11) tighten up nut (12), piston rod (14) and top thereof is installed on motor body (1);

B. the hollow shaft (17) of electrical generator (3), out cylinder (18), fan blade (19), permanent magnet (20) constitute the electrical generator outer rotor, directly be fastened on the engine crankshaft (2), lead winding (21), stator lasmination (22), insulcrete (23) bearing carrier ring (24), bearing (25) and adapter plate (26) assembling constitute the electrical generator internal stator;

C. the right end cap (29) of electrical motor (4), left end cap (30), right bearing lid (31), left bearing lid (32), outer rotor lamination (33), shell (34), permanent magnet (35) rotor conductor (36) and bearing (39) constitute the electrical motor outer rotor, stator lasmination (37), lead winding (38), tighten up axle sleeve (40), anchor shaft (5) and draw lead (41) formation electrical motor internal stator.

2. electric engine with electric generation function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the out cylinder (18) of electrical generator (3) goes up sticking card 4 or 6 pieces watts of shape rare-earth permanent magnets (20), every permanent magnet accounts for 68 ° or 46 °, and the extremely adjacent arrangement of S of a N utmost point constitutes 4 utmost points or 6 pole generators; Groove number on the stator lasmination (22) is 24 grooves or 36 grooves,

3. electric engine with electric generation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of watt shape rare-earth permanent magnet (20) is rare-earth Nd-Fe-B (NdFeB) or SmCo (SmCo).

4. electric engine with electric generation function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: have 20 or 30 sipes on the outer rotor lamination (33) of electrical motor, 40 or 60 narrow grooves, paste permanent magnet (35) in the sipes, its identical polar points to motor axis, embed flat naked copper rotor conductor (36) in the narrow groove, conductor is welded into ring after stretching out the end bending of lamination, constitutes the conductor of outer rotor squirrel cage asynchronous motor; The line embedding groove of sending out in stator lasmination (37) earth pot (42) is 36 grooves, and corresponding 20 permanent magnets constitute 60 pole motors.

5. electric engine with electric generation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of permanent magnet on the electrical motor outer rotor (35) is rare earth permanent magnet nd-fe-b (NdFeB) or SmCo (SmCo).