Cold energy utilization device of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) gas supply system for double-tank ship
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of LNG cold energy recovery, in particular to a cold energy utilization device of an LNG gas supply system for a double-tank ship.
Background
Along with the increasing serious environmental pollution, energy conservation and emission reduction become the subjects of current times development, and are mainly modified as the ship industry of environmental pollution households. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is used as ship fuel, compared with the traditional fuel, the sulfide and carbon emission of the LNG is greatly reduced, the application technology of the LNG is mature, and the LNG is expected to be the first choice fuel of ships worldwide in the near future.
At present, along with the gradual popularization of the LNG power ship, various technological processes for recycling the cold energy of the LNG power ship are layered endlessly, such as the existing utility model patent for recycling the cold energy of the LNG power ship: the utility model discloses a comprehensive utilization method and a comprehensive utilization system of LNG fuel cold energy for a dual-fuel power ship (China, publication number: CN109268095A, publication date: 2019-01-25). In the patent of the utility model, the system comprises an LNG storage tank, an LNG cryopump, a Rankine cycle power generation system, a ship low-temperature refrigeration house circulation system, a sea water desalination circulation, a high-temperature refrigeration house refrigeration circulation and an air conditioner refrigeration circulation. The system realizes the gradient advanced utilization of the LNG cold energy, has compact structure and wide application range, is suitable for the fuel cold energy utilization of the large LNG power ship, and does not consider how to continuously supply cold to a refrigeration house or treat redundant cold energy under the condition that the LNG cold energy of a medium and small ship is insufficient or the LNG cold energy is excessive.
For another example: an existing utility model patent for recycling cold energy of an LNG power ship comprises the following steps: an air conditioning system (national publication number: CN103557568A, publication date: 2014-02-05) of LNG power ship, in this patent of the utility model, it is disclosed that the system comprises expansion tank, water inlet pipeline, several cabin fan coils, water outlet pipeline, load adjusting heat exchanger, coolant pump, water bath type vaporizer. The system has the characteristics of high heat exchange efficiency, compact structure, energy consumption saving, low cost, wide application range and the like, but the technology only utilizes the cold energy in a certain specific temperature interval in the LNG gasification cold energy, so that the LNG cold energy is not fully utilized, and the problem of how to continuously supply cold under the condition of insufficient LNG cold energy of small and medium-sized ships is not considered.
Therefore, it is needed to provide an LNG cold energy recycling system suitable for small and medium-sized LNG power vessels, which can fully recycle LNG cold energy and solve the problem of how to continuously supply cold for small and medium-sized vessels under the condition of insufficient LNG cold energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a cold energy utilization device of a double-tank type marine LNG gas supply system.
The utility model aims at realizing the following technical scheme: the cold energy utilization device of the LNG gas supply system for the double-tank ship comprises an LNG storage tank, a fuel gas heating unit, a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a high-temperature storage tank, a low-temperature storage tank, a refrigerant heating unit and an additional refrigerating unit;
the cold end inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the LNG storage tank, the cold end outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the fuel gas heating unit, and the fuel gas heating unit is connected with the engine;
the hot end outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the hot end inlet of the third heat exchanger, the hot end outlet of the third heat exchanger is provided with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with a refrigerant heating unit, the refrigerant heating unit is connected with the inlet of a high-temperature storage tank, the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank is connected with the inlet of a second circulating pump, and the outlet of the second circulating pump is connected with the hot end inlet of the first heat exchanger; the second branch is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature storage tank, the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank is connected with the inlet of the first circulating pump, the outlet of the first circulating pump is connected with the input end of the cold energy user, and the output end of the cold energy user is connected with the refrigerant heating unit through the reflux branch;
the cold end inlet and the cold end outlet of the third heat exchanger are both connected into the additional refrigeration unit.
Preferably, a circulating air return pipeline is connected between the cold end outlet of the first heat exchanger and the LNG storage tank, and a second regulating valve is arranged on the circulating air return pipeline.
Preferably, the fuel gas heating unit comprises a second heat exchanger, wherein a cold end inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with a cold end outlet of the first heat exchanger, and a cold end outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an engine;
the heat source is introduced from a hot side inlet on the second heat exchanger and discharged from a hot side outlet on the second heat exchanger.
Preferably, the refrigerant heating unit comprises a fourth heat exchanger, wherein a cold end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with a hot end outlet of the third heat exchanger and a reflux branch; the cold end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature storage tank; the heat source is introduced from the hot end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger and discharged from the hot end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger.
Preferably, the hot end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with a cylinder liner cooling water outlet of the engine, and the hot end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with a cylinder liner cooling water inlet of the engine.
Preferably, the additional refrigeration unit comprises a compressor and a cooler, wherein the cold end outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the compressor, the outlet of the compressor is connected with the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected with the cold end inlet of the third heat exchanger, and a throttle valve is arranged between the outlet of the cooler and the cold end inlet of the third heat exchanger.
Preferably, the cooling energy user comprises a first air-conditioning heat exchanger and a second air-conditioning heat exchanger, wherein the first air-conditioning heat exchanger is used for refrigerating a refrigerating chamber, and the second air-conditioning heat exchanger is used for refrigerating a freezing chamber.
Preferably, the return branch is provided with a check valve.
Preferably, the first branch is provided with a sixth regulating valve, and the second branch is provided with a third regulating valve.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. the utility model is suitable for small and medium-sized ships equipped with LNG fuel engines, can efficiently utilize the cold energy of LNG and supply cold for cold energy users on the ships, is also equipped with a low-temperature storage tank, can realize cold energy storage through the low-temperature storage tank, can continuously supply cold for the cold energy users under the condition that the engines do not run or the cold energy is insufficient, and ensures the normal cold supply of the cold energy users;
2. the system is highly integrated, the equipment scale is small, the LNG flow paths are few, and the safety is high;
3. according to the utility model, through the mode of matching the low-temperature storage tank with the high-temperature storage tank and through controlling the temperatures in the two storage tanks, the stable control of the cooling temperature is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a first regulating valve, 2, a second regulating valve, 3, a first heat exchanger, 4, a second heat exchanger, 5, a buffer tank, 6, a third heat exchanger, 7, a third regulating valve, 8, a low-temperature storage tank, 9, a first circulating pump, 10, a fourth regulating valve, 11, a first air-conditioning heat exchanger, 12, a fifth regulating valve, 13, a second air-conditioning heat exchanger, 14, a one-way valve, 15, a sixth regulating valve, 16, a fourth heat exchanger, 17, a high-temperature storage tank, 18, a second circulating pump, 19, a compressor, 20, a cooler, 21, a throttle valve, 30 and an LNG storage tank.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model, fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
It will be understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as referring to "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of elements may be plural, and the term "a" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
As shown in fig. 1, the cold energy utilization device of the LNG gas supply system for the double-tank ship comprises an LNG storage tank 30, a gas heating unit, a first heat exchanger 3, a third heat exchanger 6, a high-temperature storage tank 17, a low-temperature storage tank 8, a refrigerant heating unit and an additional refrigerating unit.
The cold junction entry of first heat exchanger 3 is connected LNG storage tank 30, and the cold junction export of first heat exchanger 3 is connected the gas and is heated the unit, and the gas heats the unit and is connected the engine. Wherein, be equipped with first governing valve 1 between the cold junction entry of first heat exchanger 3 and the LNG storage tank 30, be connected with the circulation return air pipeline between the cold junction export of first heat exchanger 3 and the LNG storage tank 30, be equipped with second governing valve 2 on the circulation return air pipeline.
The fuel gas heating unit comprises a second heat exchanger 4, a cold end inlet on the second heat exchanger 4 is connected with a cold end outlet on the first heat exchanger, a cold end outlet on the second heat exchanger 4 is connected with an engine, and a buffer tank 5 is arranged between the cold end outlet on the second heat exchanger 4 and the engine; seawater is introduced from a warm end inlet on the second heat exchanger 4 and discharged from a warm end outlet on the second heat exchanger 4.
Liquefied natural gas in the LNG storage tank 30 passes through the first heat exchanger 3 to form gaseous natural gas, the natural gas is output from a cold end outlet on the first heat exchanger 5, and the natural gas passes through the gas heating unit and then is led to the engine.
The hot end outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 is connected with the hot end inlet of the third heat exchanger 6, the hot end outlet of the third heat exchanger 6 is provided with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with a refrigerant heating unit, the refrigerant heating unit is connected with the inlet of a high-temperature storage tank 17, the outlet of the high-temperature storage tank 17 is connected with the inlet of a second circulating pump 18, the outlet of the second circulating pump 18 is connected with the hot end inlet of the first heat exchanger 3, and a sixth regulating valve 15 is arranged on the first branch. The second branch is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature storage tank 8, the outlet of the low-temperature storage tank 8 is connected with the inlet of the first circulating pump 9, the outlet of the first circulating pump 9 is connected with the input end of the cold energy user, and the output end of the cold energy user is connected with the refrigerant heating unit through the reflux branch; the second branch is provided with a third regulating valve 7, and the return branch is provided with a one-way valve 14. The low temperature storage tank 8 and the high temperature storage tank 17 are both filled with refrigerant. In the utility model, the refrigerant is glycol water solution with 50% concentration.
The refrigerant heating unit comprises a fourth heat exchanger 16, wherein the cold end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected with the hot end outlet of the third heat exchanger 6 and the reflux branch; the cold end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature storage tank 17; the heat source is introduced from the warm side inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 and discharged from the warm side outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16. In the utility model, the heat source is cooling water of the engine, the hot end inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected with a cylinder liner cooling water outlet of the engine, and the hot end outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 16 is connected with a cylinder liner cooling water inlet of the engine. The cooling water of the engine exchanges heat with the refrigerant to heat the refrigerant.
Both the cold end inlet and the cold end outlet of the third heat exchanger 6 are connected into an additional refrigeration unit. The additional refrigeration unit comprises a compressor 19 and a cooler 20, wherein the cold end outlet of the third heat exchanger 6 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 19, the outlet of the compressor 19 is connected with the inlet of the cooler 20, the outlet of the cooler 20 is connected with the cold end inlet of the third heat exchanger 6, and a throttle valve 21 is arranged between the outlet of the cooler 20 and the cold end inlet of the third heat exchanger 6. In the additional refrigeration unit, ethane or tetrachloroethane is used as a refrigerant, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the refrigerant through the third heat exchanger 6 to cool the refrigerant.
The cooling energy user comprises a first air-conditioning heat exchanger 11 and a second air-conditioning heat exchanger 13, wherein the first air-conditioning heat exchanger 11 is used for refrigerating a refrigerating chamber, and the second air-conditioning heat exchanger 13 is used for refrigerating a freezing chamber. Wherein, two pipelines are connected to the outlet of the first circulating pump 9, one of the pipelines is connected to the input end of the first air-conditioning heat exchanger 11, and the fourth regulating valve 10 is arranged on the pipeline; while the other line leads to the input of the second air-conditioning heat exchanger 13, on which a fifth regulating valve 12 is arranged; the output ends of the first air-conditioning heat exchanger 11 and the second air-conditioning heat exchanger 13 are connected with the refrigerant heating unit through a reflux branch.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
LNG (liquefied natural gas) in the LNG storage tank 30 flows out of the LNG storage tank 30 after gasification and pressurization and enters the first heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with a refrigerant, the LNG is gasified to form gaseous natural gas after full heat exchange, the natural gas at the outlet is about-10 ℃, the natural gas at the temperature of-10 ℃ enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with a heat source to continuously heat, and the natural gas enters an engine to burn after reaching a certain temperature (not exceeding 60 ℃);
the temperature of the refrigerant after heat exchange with the LNG in the first heat exchanger 3 is reduced, the flow of the LNG is controlled to enable the temperature of the refrigerant to be about minus 20 ℃ when the refrigerant is discharged from a hot end outlet of the first heat exchanger 3, when the refrigerating capacity demand of a cold energy user is large, the refrigerant enters the low-temperature storage tank 8 (the temperature in the low-temperature storage tank 8 is maintained at minus 20 ℃) and is directly discharged through the first circulating pump 9 for refrigerating of the cold energy user, and the refrigerant after the refrigerating capacity is released enters the high-temperature storage tank (the temperature in the high-temperature storage tank is maintained at 0 ℃) and waits for the instruction of the next step;
when the cooling energy user does not need much cooling energy, the rotating speed of the first circulating pump 9 is regulated when the cooling medium flows into the low-temperature storage tank, the flow of the cooling medium flowing out of the low-temperature storage tank 8 is controlled, the normal cooling requirement of the cooling energy user is ensured, and the redundant cooling medium is stored in the low-temperature storage tank 8 and is used for cold accumulation;
further, when the high-temperature storage tank has less refrigerant reserves or the low-temperature storage tank is about to store cold, and a large amount of refrigerant is needed for gasifying and heating the LNG as the fuel of the engine, the sixth regulating valve 15 is opened, so that a large amount of refrigerant does not pass through the low-temperature storage tank 8 any more, but directly flows into the refrigerant heating unit through the first branch, after the refrigerant heating unit heats the refrigerant to 0 ℃, the refrigerant flows into the high-temperature storage tank, then flows through the first heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the LNG through the first heat exchanger and gasifies the LNG.
Furthermore, when cold accumulation is completed and the ship runs at a very low rotating speed, the LNG supply quantity is not large, in order to ensure stable cold supply to cold energy users, the cold energy is released to the cold energy users through the low-temperature storage tank, and the stable running of the refrigerator and the freezer is maintained;
further, when the ship does not start to run and the interior of the low-temperature storage tank does not store cold, additional refrigeration circulation is needed to refrigerate the refrigerant, the refrigerant at about 0 ℃ does not acquire cold energy when passing through the first heat exchanger, at the moment, the additional refrigeration unit is started, the refrigerant completely flows through the third heat exchanger 6 on the additional refrigeration unit and acquires cold energy, the temperature of the refrigerant is about-40 ℃, the refrigerant firstly passes through the low-temperature storage tank to store cold, and then the rotating speed of the first circulating pump is regulated according to the cold supply requirement of a cold energy user to supply cold for the cold energy user.
The utility model has the following advantages:
1. the utility model is suitable for small and medium-sized ships equipped with LNG fuel engines, can efficiently utilize the cold energy of LNG and supply cold for cold energy users on the ships, is also equipped with a low-temperature storage tank, can realize cold energy storage through the low-temperature storage tank, can continuously supply cold for the cold energy users under the condition that the engines do not run or the cold energy is insufficient, and ensures the normal cold supply of the cold energy users;
2. the system is highly integrated, the equipment scale is small, the LNG flow paths are few, and the safety is high;
3. according to the utility model, through the mode of matching the low-temperature storage tank with the high-temperature storage tank and through controlling the temperatures in the two storage tanks, the stable control of the cooling temperature is realized.
The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present utility model can make any changes in shape or structure, and all the technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present utility model fall within the scope of the present utility model.