CN219680714U

CN219680714U - Femur osteotomy guide plate

Info

Publication number: CN219680714U
Application number: CN202320984584.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王燎; 严孟宁; 艾松涛; 江旭; 朱琦霖; 黎兴; 董超; 郭松林
Original assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Current assignee: Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
Priority date: 2023-04-26
Filing date: 2023-04-26
Publication date: 2023-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-26

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a femur osteotomy guide plate, which comprises a femur neck attaching part, a verification part and a connecting rod, wherein the femur neck attaching part is provided with a cutting plate; the femur neck attaching part is provided with a plurality of first retention holes, and the verifying part is provided with second retention holes which are matched with the first retention holes one by one. The utility model can help doctors to accurately cut and verify the cutting result.

Description

Femur osteotomy guide plate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a femur osteotomy guide plate.

Background

Hip replacements are generally prostheses that are manufactured by replacing the required bone and a portion of the hip joint with an artificial prosthesis that has failed to meet the requirements of some serious joint diseases or the original hip joint structure. Hip replacement is mainly aimed at femoral head necrosis of the hip joint, serious fracture of the femoral neck and congenital hip dysplasia, various non-infectious arthritis, and other serious hip joint diseases.

During hip replacement operation, the femoral head is necrotized, and when the femoral neck is severely fractured, the femoral head needs to be replaced by a prosthesis. In the traditional operation, a doctor resects the femoral head by hands according to the past experience, and then installs the femoral stem. The number of resections of the femoral head by the physician and the location of the resections will also vary from physician to physician experience. Although some devices may assist the surgeon in surgery, they may not be able to accurately locate and verify the outcome of the cut.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present utility model is to provide a femoral head cutting guide for assisting a doctor in cutting a femoral head, which can help the doctor to make an accurate cut, and can verify the result of the cut, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present utility model provides a femoral osteotomy guide plate, comprising a femoral neck attaching portion, a verification portion and a connecting rod, wherein the femoral neck attaching portion is provided with a cutting plate, the femoral neck attaching portion is connected with the verification portion through the connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a dividing portion, the verification portion is provided with a cutting verification groove corresponding to the cutting plate, and the verification portion is respectively provided with a femoral head center indication hole, a greater trochanter indication hole and a lesser trochanter indication hole; the femur neck attaching part is provided with a plurality of first retention holes, and the verifying part is provided with second retention holes which are matched with the first retention holes one by one.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the cutting plate includes a first cutting portion and a second cutting portion connected.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the angle between the first and second cutting portions is an obtuse angle.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the groove width of the cut verification groove is equal to the thickness of the cut panel.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the cut verification slot includes a first verification slot that mates with the first cut portion and a second verification slot that mates with the second cut portion.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the included angle between the first verification groove and the second verification groove is an obtuse angle.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the number of the connecting rods is one or more.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the femoral neck attachment comprises a femoral neck attachment surface having an area of 200mm ² ～800mm ² 。

In some embodiments of the utility model, the central femoral head pilot hole has a diameter of 4-10 mm. The aperture of the large rotor indicating hole is 4-10 mm. The aperture of the small rotor indicating hole is 4-10 mm.

In some embodiments of the utility model, the first retention aperture has a pore size of 0.5 to 4mm; the aperture of the second retention hole is 0.5-4 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the femur osteotomy guide plate can be accurately positioned by aligning the femoral head center, the trochanter most salient point and the trochanter most highest point of the femur through the femoral head center indication hole, the trochanter most salient point and the trochanter most salient point before osteotomy, and after cutting is finished, the femoral head cutting effect can be evaluated by comparing the verification cutting groove with the femur neck incision, and observing whether the verification groove edge is aligned with the femur neck incision in parallel with the verification groove edge or not, and further judging whether the femur neck incision is consistent with the planned osteotomy position or not.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an angular perspective structure of a femoral resection guide according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a right-side view of the femur osteotomy guide plate of the present utility model.

FIG. 3 is a schematic left view of the guide plate of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the rear view structure of the femoral resection guide of the present utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another perspective view of the femoral resection guide of the present utility model.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the femoral resection guide according to the present utility model in an angular use state.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a second angular use of the femoral resection guide of the present utility model.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a third angle of use of the femoral resection guide of the present utility model.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a fourth angle of use of the femoral resection guide of the present utility model.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural view of a femur.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the verification structure of the femoral resection guide after resection.

Description of element reference numerals

1. Femoral neck attachment part

11. Femur neck joint surface

12. First retention hole

2. Cutting board

21. First cutting part

22. A second cutting part

3. Verification part

31. Cutting verification groove

311. First verification groove

312. Second verification groove

32. Femoral head center indicating hole

33. Big rotor indicating hole

34. Small rotor indicating hole

35. Second retention hole

4. Connecting rod

41. Dividing part

5. Femur bone

51. Femoral head center

52. Maximum point of large rotor

53. Salient point of small rotor

54. Femur neck

55. Osteotomy line

551. First osteotomy line

552. Second osteotomy line

Detailed Description

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to the present utility model are merely used in conjunction with the disclosure of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the applicable limitations of the present utility model, so that any modification of the structures, variation of the proportions, or adjustment of the sizes, without affecting the efficacy and achievement of the present utility model, should fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present utility model. Also, the directional or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", etc., are based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Furthermore, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In addition to the rubbing replacement of the acetabular component in the hip replacement surgery, the necrotic femoral head is also subjected to cutting replacement. Thus, a guide plate is designed for assisting doctors in cutting femoral heads. As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the embodiment of the utility model relates to a femur osteotomy guide plate, which comprises a femur neck attaching part 1, a verification part 3 and a connecting rod 4, wherein a cutting plate 2 is arranged on the femur neck attaching part 1, the femur neck attaching part 1 is connected with the verification part 3 through the connecting rod 4, a partition part 41 is arranged on the connecting rod 4, a cutting verification groove 31 corresponding to the cutting plate 2 is arranged on the verification part 3, and a femur head center indication hole 32, a greater trochanter indication hole 33 and a lesser trochanter indication hole 34 are respectively arranged on the verification part 3; the femoral neck attachment part 1 is provided with a plurality of first retention holes 12, and the verification part 3 is provided with second retention holes 35 which are matched with the first retention holes 12 one by one. The femur osteotomy guide plate can be respectively aligned with the femur head center 51, the lesser trochanter most convex point 53 and the lesser trochanter most convex point 52 of the femur 5 through the femur head center indicating hole 32, the lesser trochanter indicating hole 33 and the lesser trochanter indicating hole 34 before osteotomy, so that the guide plate can be accurately positioned, after cutting is finished, the lesser trochanter most convex point 53 and the greater trochanter most convex point 52 are respectively positioned at the centers of the lesser trochanter indicating hole 34 and the greater trochanter indicating hole 33, and the verification groove is compared with the femur neck incision to observe whether the verification groove edge and the femur neck incision are aligned in parallel with the verification groove edge or not, so that whether the femur neck incision is consistent with the planned osteotomy position or not is judged, and the femur head cutting effect is evaluated.

In the femoral resection guide plate provided by the utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a femoral neck attaching part 1 comprises a femoral neck attaching surface 11 and is attached to a femoral neck through the femoral neck attaching surface 11. Specifically, the femoral neck abutment surface 11 abuts the femoral neck 54 from the osteotomy line 55 in a direction toward the femoral head. Typically, for the purpose of osteotomy, the femoral neck abutment surface 11 is required to have a certain attachment area, and in a specific embodiment, the area of the femoral neck abutment surface 11 is 200mm ² ～800mm ² 、200mm ² ～400mm ² 、400mm ² ～600mm ² Or 600mm ² ～800mm ² Etc. The osteotomy line 55 is mentioned previously, and it is often necessary to plan the osteotomy line 55 of the femur 5 prior to surgery. The osteotomy line 55 includes a first osteotomy line 551 and a second osteotomy line 552, the first osteotomy line 551 extending from the lower edge of the femoral neck about 1cm from the lesser trochanter base to the lesser medial fossa pyriformis; the first osteotomy line 551 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the femoral neck 54; the second osteotomy line 552 is at an obtuse angle from the medial pyriform fossa of the greater trochanter to the first osteotomy line 551, extends perpendicular to the upper edge of the femoral neck 54 on the coronal plane, and the second osteotomy line 552 should avoid cutting to the greater trochanter on the coronal plane.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the utility model, a cutting surface with a certain height can be formed by extending a certain distance from the resection line 55 towards a direction far away from the bone surface of the femur 5, then a cutting plate 2 with a certain thickness can be formed by extending a certain distance from the cutting surface towards the femoral neck attachment part 1, and the formed cutting plate 2 and the femoral neck attachment part 1 are of an integrated structure. The height of the cutting plate 2 is higher than the thickness of the femoral neck attachment portion 1. The cutting plate 2 is used to guide a doctor in cutting the femoral head. The first cutting portion 21 is formed according to the first osteotomy line 551 and the second cutting portion 22 is formed according to the second osteotomy line 552, i.e. the cutting plate 2 comprises the first cutting portion 21 and the second cutting portion 22 connected. In a specific embodiment, the included angle between the first cutting portion 21 and the second cutting portion 22 is an obtuse angle.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, a cutting verification groove 31 corresponds to the cutting plate 2, and the groove width of the cutting verification groove 31 is equal to the thickness of the cutting plate 2. The lower edge of the verification slot is parallel to the cutting plate 2 and coincides with the cutting line of the cutting plate 2 on the coronal plane. After cutting the femoral head with the guide plate, the doctor can verify whether the cut position is consistent with the plan according to the verification groove.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the cutting verification slot 31 includes a first verification slot 311 and a second verification slot 312. As shown in fig. 1, the first verification groove 311 is matched with the first cutting part 21, the groove profile of the first verification groove 311 is consistent with the profile of the first cutting part 21, and the groove bottom of the first verification groove 311 is leveled with the bottom of the first cutting part 21. The second verification portion 3 is engaged with the second cut portion 22, the groove profile of the second verification groove 312 is identical to the groove profile of the second cut portion 22, and the groove bottom of the second verification groove 312 is leveled with the bottom of the second cut portion 22. In a specific embodiment, the included angle between the first verification groove 311 and the second verification groove 312 is an obtuse angle.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the utility model, the femoral head center indicating hole 32 is used for indicating the femoral head center 51. The large rotor indicating hole 33 is used to indicate the large rotor highest point 52. The small rotor indicating hole 34 is used for indicating the small rotor most salient point 53. The femoral head center 51, the lesser trochanter most convex point 53, and the greater trochanter most convex point 52 are respectively positioned at the corresponding indication hole centers. In a specific embodiment, the aperture of the femoral head center indicating hole 32 is 4-10 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, or the like. The aperture of the large rotor indicating hole 33 is 4-10 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, or the like. The aperture of the small rotor indicating hole 34 is 4-10 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, etc.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the utility model, as shown in fig. 6, each first retention hole 12 is on the same axis with the center of the corresponding second retention hole 35. The k-wire may be passed through the first retention holes 12 and the second retention holes 35 to secure the femoral neck attachment portion 1. In a specific embodiment, for example, when the number of the first retention holes 12 is 2 and the number of the second retention holes 35 is 2, the axis of the line connecting the centers of the first retention holes 12 and the corresponding first second retention holes 35 is parallel to the axis of the line connecting the centers of the second retention holes 12 and the corresponding second retention holes 35. In the present utility model, the first retention hole 12 has a pore diameter of 0.5 to 4mm, 0.5 to 2mm, 2 to 4mm, or the like, in general. The second retention holes 35 have a diameter of 0.5 to 4mm, 0.5 to 2mm, 2 to 4mm, or the like.

In the femoral resection guide provided by the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the connecting rod 4 is used for connecting the femoral neck attachment part 1 and the verification part 3. The number of connecting rods 4 may be one or more. In a specific embodiment, the number of connecting rods 4 is, for example, 3. Each of the connection rods 4 is provided with a dividing portion 41, and the dividing portion 41 indicates a dividing position. After the guide plate is fixed by the Kirschner wire, the guide plate can be cut along the dividing part 41 of the connecting rod 4, the femoral neck attaching part 1 and the verifying part 3 are divided into two parts, the verifying part 3 is taken down, and the femur 5 is cut along the cutting plate 2. In a specific embodiment, the dividing portion 41 may be, for example, a groove formed on the connecting rod 4.

In a specific embodiment, the guide plate of the present utility model can be manufactured by:

a three-dimensional model of the femur is provided, for example, the femur can be reconstructed from CT data. Specifically, the data may be obtained by importing CT data into software, and specifically, software such as Simplant, mimics, proplan may be used. The doctor plans an osteotomy line 55 of the femur 5 before operation, wherein the osteotomy line 55 comprises a first osteotomy line 551 and a second osteotomy line 552, and the first osteotomy line 551 extends from the lower edge of the femur neck to the medial piriform fossa of the greater trochanter about 1cm away from the lesser trochanter base; the first osteotomy line 551 is perpendicular to the femoral neck 54An axial direction; the second osteotomy line 552 is at an obtuse angle from the medial pyriform fossa of the greater trochanter to the first osteotomy line 551, extends perpendicular to the upper edge of the femoral neck 54 on the coronal plane, and the second osteotomy line 552 should avoid cutting to the greater trochanter on the coronal plane. Selecting a femoral neck joint surface 11 (joint surface is 200mm in a large range) with proper size at the osteotomy line 55 ² ～800mm ² ) The femoral neck abutment surface 11 abuts the femoral neck 54 from the osteotomy line 55 in a direction toward the femoral head. The femoral neck abutment surface 11 extends away from the bone surface by a predetermined distance to form the femoral neck abutment portion 1. The cutting plate 2 is made along the cutting line, the lower edge of the cutting plate 2 coincides with the osteotomy line 55, and the unnecessary attachment portion on the greater trochanter side of the cutting plate 2 is removed. The femoral head center 51, the greater trochanter highest point 52, and the lesser trochanter highest point 53 are found on the coronal plane of the femur 5, and three circles are made centered on these three points. Corresponding three holes are formed on the plate with a certain thickness according to the positions of the three circles, namely, a femoral head center indicating hole 32, a large rotor indicating hole 33 and a small rotor indicating hole 34 are formed, and the corresponding marking points are positioned at the center positions of the corresponding indicating holes. The verification portion 3 is formed, the verification portion 3 is cut at a position along the cutting plate 2, the verification groove coincides with the cutting plate 2 on the coronal plane, and a plurality of (e.g., two) first retention holes 12 are made above the femoral neck attachment portion 1, a plurality of (e.g., two) second retention holes 35 are made above the cutting verification groove 31 for placing kirschner wires, and a guide plate is fixed (wherein the diameters of the first retention holes 12, the second retention holes 35 are determined according to the kirschner wire diameter used by the doctor). A plurality of retention holes penetrate through the verification portion 3 and the femoral neck attachment portion 1. The main body of the verification part 3 and the femoral neck attachment part 1 are connected into a whole by using a plurality of (e.g. three) connecting rods 4, and grooves are respectively designed in the middle of the three connecting rods 4 to form a dividing part 41, so that the division is convenient during operation, a final femoral osteotomy guide model is formed, and a method for preparing the femoral osteotomy guide according to the model is known to those skilled in the art, for example, a 3D printing method can be adopted. The femur osteotomy guide plate of the utility model is printed out through 3D.

As shown in fig. 6 to 11, the working process of the femur osteotomy guide plate of the present utility model:

1. the femur osteotomy guide plate is used for assisting in osteotomy of the side of the hip femur 5 during hip joint surgery. As shown in fig. 9, the femoral neck attachment part 1 is attached to the femoral neck 54 of the patient for rough positioning, and then three positioning indication holes (a femoral head center indication hole 32, a greater trochanter indication hole 33 and a lesser trochanter indication hole 34) of the guide plate are used to respectively align the three holes with the femoral head center 51, the greater trochanter highest point 52 and the lesser trochanter highest point 53 of the femur 5 for accurate positioning, and when the three indication hole centers are respectively aligned with the corresponding mark centers, a plurality of kirschner wires are used to respectively pass through the first retention hole 12 and the second retention hole 35 to fix the guide plate.

2. After the guide plate is fixed by the k-wire, the verification section 3 is separated from the guide plate along the separation section 41 of the connecting rod 4, and the verification section 3 is removed from the body in the opposite direction of the k-wire implantation after the separation. The femur, head is cut along the edge of the cutting plate 2 to which the femoral neck attachment portion 1 is attached.

3. After the completion of the femoral head cutting, the cutting verification groove 31 on the verification unit 3 verifies whether the femoral head cutting is consistent with the plan. As shown in fig. 11, the lesser trochanter most convex point 53 and the greater trochanter most convex point 52 are respectively positioned at the centers of the lesser trochanter indicating hole 34 and the greater trochanter indicating hole 33, and the cutting verification groove 31 is compared with the femur neck 54 cut to observe whether the edge of the cutting verification groove 31 and the femur neck 54 cut are aligned in parallel with the edge of the cutting verification groove 31, so as to judge whether the femur neck 54 cut is consistent with the planned osteotomy position, thereby evaluating the effect of femoral head cutting.

In summary, the femur osteotomy guide plate provided by the embodiment of the utility model is placed at the femoral head of a patient and is used for assisting in resection of the femoral head in the total hip replacement operation. Can help doctors make accurate cuts and can verify the results of the cuts.

In summary, the present utility model effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the utility model. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the utility model be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a thighbone cuts bone baffle, its characterized in that includes thighbone neck attached portion (1), be equipped with cutting board (2) on thighbone neck attached portion (1), still include verification portion (3) and connecting rod (4), thighbone neck attached portion (1) is connected through connecting rod (4) with verification portion (3), be equipped with segmentation portion (41) on connecting rod (4), be equipped with on verification portion (3) with cutting verification groove (31) that cutting board (2) correspond, be equipped with femoral head center indicator hole (32), greater trochanter indicator hole (33) and lesser trochanter indicator hole (34) on verification portion (3) respectively; the femur neck attachment part (1) is provided with a plurality of first retention holes (12), and the verification part (3) is provided with second retention holes (35) which are matched with the first retention holes (12) one by one.

2. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the cutting plate (2) comprises a first cutting portion (21) and a second cutting portion (22) connected.

3. A femoral resection guide according to claim 2, wherein the first cutting portion (21) and the second cutting portion (22) have an obtuse angle.

4. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the slot width of the cut verification slot (31) is equal to the thickness of the cutting plate (2).

5. A femoral resection guide according to claim 2, wherein the cut verification slot (31) comprises a first verification slot (311) that mates with the first cut (21) and a second verification slot (312) that mates with the second cut (22).

6. The femoral resection guide of claim 5, wherein the first verification slot (311) and the second verification slot (312) have an obtuse angle.

7. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the number of connecting rods (4) is one or more.

8. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the femoral neck attachment portion (1) comprises a femoral neck abutment surface (11), the femoral neck abutment surface (11) having an area of 200mm ² ～800mm ² 。

9. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the femoral head central pilot hole (32) has a diameter of 4-10 mm;

the aperture of the large rotor indicating hole (33) is 4-10 mm;

the aperture of the small rotor indicating hole (34) is 4-10 mm.

10. A femoral resection guide according to claim 1, wherein the first retention aperture (12) has a pore size of 0.5-4 mm;

the aperture of the second retention hole (35) is 0.5-4 mm.