CN218604040U

CN218604040U - Riding type crawler-type cabbage harvester

Info

Publication number: CN218604040U
Application number: CN202222949244.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏建林; 曹光乔; 张健飞; 宋志禹; 孙红友; 胥宝军; 孙正涛
Original assignee: Yancheng Yanhai Tractor Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Yancheng Yanhai Tractor Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-31
Filing date: 2022-11-07
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-07
Also published as: CN218604040U8

Abstract

The utility model relates to a take type crawler-type cabbage harvester, including header assembly, crawler-type power chassis, cabbage transport mechanism assembly, driver's cabin and diesel engine. The header assembly is integrally hung at the front end of the rack (5) in a modularized way, and the vertical and turnover double lifting functions are realized through a lifting oil cylinder (27) and a turnover oil cylinder (14); a splayed leaf peeling roller (7) is arranged above the transverse conveyor belt (8), and a rotation speed difference is arranged between the leaf peeling roller (7) on the same side and the transverse conveyor belt (8) so as to dynamically peel the waste cabbage leaves in transmission; an electronic display screen (21) is arranged in the cab (1) and can dynamically observe the conditions of harvesting, conveying and leaf shifting; the crawler-type hydraulic stepless speed change power chassis is adopted for walking. The whole machine has reasonable structure, high operation efficiency, safe and stable running, stepless speed change, convenient operation and high informatization degree, and realizes the whole-process mechanization of the cabbage harvesting.

Description

Riding type crawler-type cabbage harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a vegetable harvester in the agricultural machine, especially a take type crawler-type cabbage harvester.

Background

Cabbage is one of the main varieties for vegetable planting, but the mechanization level of vegetable production is relatively laggard compared with grain production. For a long time, the harvesting of the cabbages still basically depends on manual operation, and has low labor efficiency, high labor intensity, poor operation quality and high production cost.

In recent years, the applicant and Nanjing agricultural mechanization research institute of rural agricultural department have together researched and developed cabbage harvesting machines, and designed a series of cabbage harvesting machines. Such as, for example,

the patent number 2018221709581 discloses a clamping device of a common head cabbage harvesting machine, which is applied by Nanjing agricultural mechanization research institute in 2018, 12 and 24, and is only a harvesting device in the whole machine patent, namely a header assembly disclosed in the patent application of the invention, which is a part of the whole machine and needs an integrated walking and conveying mechanism to realize the whole-process mechanized cabbage harvesting.

The patent of invention discloses a cabbage harvester (patent number 2021101436874) issued by Nanjing agriculture mechanization research institute of rural agricultural department, which consists of a traveling mechanism, a harvesting mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The walking mechanism comprises a chassis component and two crawler components, and the width of the chassis frame and the distance between the two crawler components can be adjusted through a sliding block and a hydraulic cylinder which are arranged on the chassis frame; the harvesting mechanism and the transmission mechanism are both arranged on the travelling mechanism and can move together with the travelling mechanism. It has the following disadvantages: firstly, the harvesting mechanism only has the function of upward turning and lifting relative to the travelling mechanism, when the harvesting mechanism needs to be lifted away from the ground in a non-operation state, the turning and lifting distance is limited to a certain extent, and the full safety distance for lifting cannot be achieved, so that the pulling roller and the cutting cutter head in the harvesting mechanism are easily damaged; secondly, the conveying belt in the conveying mechanism is arranged in an L shape with offset two side edges, the width of the whole machine is large, and the leaf stripping effect is poor; thirdly, the travelling mechanism can adjust the distance of the crawler belt assembly, but the travelling mechanism has poor practicability and increases the cost, and has no real significance.

The applicant filed a patent of a utility model of a walking self-propelled cabbage harvester (patent No. 2022208712019) on 4/15/2022, and disclosed a walking self-propelled chassis, in which a t-shaped conveyor belt is arranged right below a frame. The single-row header assembly device is suspended by taking a gasoline engine as power through a hand-held self-propelled chassis. The difference between the patent and the patent is that the gasoline engine is used as power, the walking self-propelled chassis is small and flexible, the use is convenient, the cost is low, and the single-row cabbage can be harvested. But the defects that firstly, the turnover type lifting mechanism is still adopted, and the lifting safety distance is not sufficient; secondly, the conveying mechanism has no leaf stripping function, and the harvesting rate is low; thirdly, the driver's cab is of a non-riding type, and the labor intensity of operators is high.

In the prior art, the digitization degree and the informatization degree are low, and the functions of information transmission and image feedback are generally absent. The operator sits in the cab, and cannot observe and know the front and back operation conditions of the machine in all-round and timely due to the limited sight, so that the advancing speed and direction cannot be adjusted timely and accurately, and the whole process of harvesting and conveying can be completed by 2-3 persons frequently.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a take type crawler-type cabbage harvester is provided to the not enough of last prior art. When the cutting table assembly is in a non-operation state, the cutting table assembly can be vertically lifted up and down and also can be overturned to be lifted, so that the cutting table assembly is safe and reliable; the transmission mechanism is arranged in the middle and is positioned below the cab, so that the whole machine has a compact structure, a small volume and low manufacturing cost; waste leaves of the cabbages can be peeled off in the transmission process, so that the working efficiency is high, and the leaf peeling effect is good; especially, the multifunctional harvester has an operation image transmission function, can know the front and back operation and harvesting transmission conditions in a cab in time, adjust the advancing speed and angle in time, and realize the mechanized high-efficiency and accurate harvesting in the whole process.

The technical solution of the utility model is that the device comprises a header assembly, a crawler-type power chassis 9 and a cabbage transmission mechanism assembly, wherein a frame 5 is arranged on the crawler-type power chassis 9, a cab 1, a diesel engine 2, a power oil tank 3 and a hydraulic oil tank 4 are arranged above the frame 5, and the header assembly is integrally connected with the frame 5 at the front end of the crawler-type power chassis 9 in a hanging manner; the cabbage transmission mechanism assembly is arranged in a T shape by a longitudinal conveyor belt 12 and a transverse conveyor belt 8 and is arranged on a crawler-type power chassis 9 at the rear side of the header assembly; the method is characterized in that: the crawler-type power chassis 9 is a hydraulic stepless speed change power chassis, a longitudinal conveyor belt 12 of the crawler-type power chassis is positioned below the cab 1, and two transverse conveyor belts 8 are horizontally positioned behind the cab 1; the header assembly is hung on a front upright post 13 of the frame 5 by a lifting mechanism with vertical lifting and overturning lifting functions; the transverse conveyor belts 8 are composed of two horizontal conveyor belts with the same rotating speed and opposite rotating directions, the leaf peeling rollers 7 arranged in a splayed shape are arranged above the two transverse conveyor belts 8, and a rotating speed difference is arranged between the leaf peeling rollers 7 and the transverse conveyor belts 8 on the same side.

The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting bracket 15, a front upright post 13, a lifting oil cylinder 28 and a lifting chain 26; the front upright posts 13 form a gantry frame structure through upright post cross beams 29 and are fixed on the rack 5; a linear rail composed of a sliding block 24 and a sliding rail 25 is arranged between the lifting bracket 15 and the front upright post 13; the upright post cross beam 29 is provided with a lifting oil cylinder 28, a lifting chain 26 and a chain wheel 27 for supporting the lifting chain 26, one end of the lifting chain 26 is connected with the lifting oil cylinder 28, the other end of the lifting chain is connected with the lifting support 15, the lifting oil cylinder 28 pulls the lifting support 15 to slide on the slide rail 25 of the front upright post 13 through the lifting chain 26, and therefore the front header assembly is driven to achieve vertical lifting.

Symmetrically arranged lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the lifting support 15 and the front upright post 13, and two groups of oppositely arranged linear rails are arranged between the lifting support 15 on each side and the front upright post 13; the left side and the right side of the lifting support 15 are respectively pulled by two groups of lifting oil cylinders 28 to slide vertically on the front upright post 13, so that the header assembly obtains balanced and stable lifting power on the two sides on the front upright post 13.

The header assembly is of a modular structure, and a header bracket 16 is internally integrated with a pulling roller 19, a cutter disc 18 and a flexible clamping belt 17 which are opposite in pairs; a turnover oil cylinder 14 is also arranged between the front end of the lifting bracket 15 and the header bracket 16; the upper end of the header bracket 16 is supported on bearing seats at two ends of the lifting bracket 15 through a rotating shaft 23, the header bracket 16 is pushed by the overturning oil cylinder 14 between the lower end of the header bracket 16 and the lifting bracket 15 to drive the header assembly to overturn and lift upwards relative to the lifting bracket 15 or the machine frame 5 by taking the rotating shaft 23 as a fulcrum, so that the header assembly can be lifted vertically or overturned relative to the machine frame 5.

An electronic display screen 21 is arranged in the cab 1, a front camera 20 and a rear camera 6 are arranged on the rack 5 and are respectively positioned above the header assembly and the two transverse conveyor belts 8 and the leaf peeling roller 7, and front and rear operation conditions can be transmitted to the electronic display screen 21 through image information.

The two splayed leaf peeling rollers 7 are hung on the rear side of the frame 5, and the leaf peeling rollers 7 are driven to rotate by a transmission shaft 31 supported on the rear upright post 11 through a universal joint 32 and a transmission chain 33.

An acute angle alpha between the splayed leaf stripping roller 7 and the transverse conveyor belt 8 is 30-60 degrees, and the optimal acute angle alpha is 60 degrees.

The header assembly, crawler-type power chassis, cabbage transport mechanism assembly and locate the leaf roller 7 of shelling of cabbage transport mechanism assembly upside and provide power by same diesel engine 2.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that firstly, the modularized header assembly is integrally connected with the frame in a hanging way, the lifting mechanism realizes the functions of vertical lifting and turning lifting up and down, independent vertical lifting, independent turning lifting or vertical and turning simultaneous superposition lifting can be arbitrarily selected according to the requirements of working conditions, and the full safe ground clearance is ensured when the header assembly is in a non-operation state, so that the whole header assembly is fully safe and reliable when the header assembly travels; the differential leaf stripping roller is arranged on the transverse conveyor belt, so that the waste leaves of the cabbages can be dynamically stripped, and the working efficiency is improved; thirdly, an electronic display screen is arranged in the cab, and a driver can observe and analyze the front and back operation conditions through the electronic display screen, so that the driving speed and direction can be accurately adjusted; fourthly, the crawler-type power chassis is provided with a stepless speed change transmission case, so that stepless speed change walking can be realized; and fifthly, the whole harvester adopts a diesel engine to drive the walking, harvesting and transmission mechanisms at the same time, and the transmission mechanism is arranged below the cab, so that on the basis of ensuring complete functions, the whole harvester is smaller and more convenient, the cost is low, the use is convenient, and the cabbage harvesting is mechanized in the whole process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2 (with cab 1, diesel engine 2, power oil tank 3 and hydraulic oil tank 4 removed);

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting mechanism of FIG. 1 (i.e., portion A of FIG. 2);

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the three-dimensional structure of the leaf peeling roller 7 and the transverse conveyor belt 8 in fig. 1 and 2.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1-cab, 2-diesel engine, 3-power oil tank, 4-hydraulic oil tank, 5-frame, 6-rear camera, 7-stripping roller, 8-transverse conveyor belt, 9-crawler-type power chassis, 10-gearbox, 11-rear upright post, 12-longitudinal conveyor belt, 13-front upright post, 14-turnover oil cylinder, 15-lifting support, 16-cutting platform support, 17-flexible clamping belt, 18-cutting cutter disc, 19-pulling roller, 20-front camera, 21-electronic display screen, 22-driving seat, 23-rotating shaft, 24-sliding block, 25-sliding rail, 26-lifting chain, 27-chain wheel, 28-lifting oil cylinder, 29-upright post beam, 30-pin shaft, 31-transmission shaft, 32-universal joint, 33-transmission chain, and acute angle between alpha-stripping roller 7 and transverse conveyor belt 8.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model relates to a take type crawler-type cabbage harvester, include header assembly, crawler-type power chassis 9, cabbage transport mechanism assembly and install driver's cabin 1, diesel engine 2, power oil tank 3 and hydraulic tank 4 on crawler-type power chassis 9 through frame 5.

The crawler-type power chassis 9 is a crawler-type power chassis, and the provided gearbox 10 is a hydraulic stepless speed change gearbox. The frame 5 arranged on the crawler-type power chassis 9 is provided with a front upright column 13 and a rear upright column 11 for integrated installation of the whole machine.

The header assembly is of a modular structure and comprises a header bracket 16, and a pulling roller 19, a cutter disc 18 and a flexible clamping belt 17 which are integrated in the header bracket 16. The header assembly is integrally hung on the rack 5 and arranged at the front end of the crawler-type power chassis 9, has the dual functions of vertical lifting and overturning lifting, and can ensure the safety of the whole machine in a non-operation state by ensuring the safe ground clearance of the header assembly.

The cabbage transmission mechanism assembly is arranged in a T shape by a longitudinal transmission belt 12 and a transverse transmission belt 8 and is arranged on a crawler-type power chassis 9 at the rear side of the header assembly. The longitudinal conveyor belt 12 is inclined below the cab 1 and the transverse conveyor belt 8 is horizontally positioned behind the cab 1. The transverse conveyor belts 8 are composed of two horizontal conveyor belts with the same rotating speed and opposite rotating directions, and leaf peeling rollers 7 with the same rotating speed and opposite rotating directions are correspondingly arranged above the two transverse conveyor belts 8 respectively. The leaf peeling roller 7 and the transverse conveyor belt 8 on the same side rotate in the same direction but at different rotating speeds, and the waste cabbage leaves in transmission are dynamically peeled through the rotating speed difference between the leaf peeling roller 7 and the transverse conveyor belt 8. The left and right leaf peeling rollers 7 are symmetrically arranged in a splayed shape, and an included acute angle alpha between each leaf peeling roller 7 and the transverse conveyor belt 8 is 30-60 degrees, and the optimal acute angle alpha is 60 degrees.

The header assembly is hung on the front upright post 13 of the frame 5 through lifting mechanisms on the left side and the right side by a lifting support 15 and can be lifted relative to the frame 5. The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting bracket 15, a front upright post 13, a lifting oil cylinder 28 and a lifting chain 26. The front upright post 13 forms a gantry frame structure through an upright post cross beam 29 and is fixed on the frame 5; a linear rail composed of a slide block 24 and a slide rail 25 is arranged between the lifting bracket 15 and the front upright post 13, the slide block 24 is fixed on the lifting bracket 15, and the slide rail 25 is fixed on the front upright post 13. The column cross beam 29 is provided with a lifting oil cylinder 28, a lifting chain 26 and a chain wheel 27 for supporting the lifting chain 26, the lifting oil cylinder 28 is horizontally arranged at two sides of the cross beam 29 and is connected with the cross beam 29 by a pin shaft 30; one end of the lifting chain 26 is connected with the lifting oil cylinder 28, the other end of the lifting chain is connected with the lifting support 15, and the lifting oil cylinder 28 pulls the lifting support 15 to slide on the slide rail 25 of the front upright post 13 through the lifting chain 26, so that the front header assembly is driven to realize vertical lifting.

The lifting mechanisms on the left side and the right side of the lifting support 15 are symmetrically arranged, and two groups of oppositely arranged linear rails are arranged between the lifting support 15 on each side and the front upright post 13. The left side and the right side of the lifting support 15 are respectively pulled by two groups of lifting oil cylinders 28 to slide vertically on the front upright post 13, so that the header assembly obtains balanced and stable lifting power on the two sides of the front upright post 13.

A turnover oil cylinder 14 is also arranged between the front end of the lifting bracket 15 and the header bracket 16. The upper end of the header bracket 16 is supported on bearing seats at two ends of the lifting bracket 15 through a rotating shaft 23, and the header bracket 16 is pushed by the overturning oil cylinder 14 between the lower end of the header bracket 16 and the lifting bracket 15 to drive the header assembly to overturn and lift upwards relative to the lifting bracket 15 or the machine frame 5 by taking the rotating shaft 23 as a fulcrum. The header assembly can be vertically lifted relative to the frame 5 and can also be upwards overturned and lifted.

The utility model discloses a be equipped with driver's seat 22 and electronic display screen 21 in driver's cabin 1, be equipped with leading camera 20 and rear camera 6 in the frame 5, be located the top of header assembly and two transverse conveyor 8 respectively and shell the top of leaf roller 7, can pass through image information transmission to electronic display screen 21 with the front and back operation situation, so that the operating personnel in the driver's cabin 1 can carry out the dynamic observation analysis according to leading header assembly cutting situation and the transmission of rearmounted cabbage and shell the leaf situation, so that the forward speed and the direction of adjustment harvester in time.

The two splayed leaf peeling rollers 7 are hung at the rear side of the frame 5 and driven to rotate by a transmission shaft 31 supported on the rear upright post 11 through a universal joint 32 and a transmission chain 33.

Two sets of two pairwise opposite pulling rollers 19, cutting cutter disc 18 and flexible clamping belts 17 are integrated in the header bracket 16 of the header assembly of the embodiment, so that two rows of cabbage plants can be harvested at the same time, and the harvesting efficiency is improved twice. A multi-row harvesting mechanism can be integrated in the header assembly, and multi-row cabbages can be harvested simultaneously.

Header assembly, crawler-type power chassis, cabbage transport mechanism assembly and locate the leaf roller 7 of shelling of cabbage transport mechanism assembly upside, provide power by same diesel oil engine 2. The vertical lifting and the overturning lifting in the lifting mechanism are independently driven and lifted by the lifting oil cylinder 28 and the overturning oil cylinder 14 respectively. The lifting device can randomly select independent vertical lifting, independent overturning lifting or both vertical lifting and overturning simultaneous stacking lifting according to the requirement of the operation working condition, and can have enough safe ground clearance when in a non-operation state, so that the whole machine can walk fully, safely and reliably.

The embodiment is a take type crawler-type infinitely variable speed double row cabbage harvester, and the whole machine type is small and exquisite convenient, and the results is efficient, and is with low costs, and convenient operation can realize the whole mechanized of cabbage results.

Claims

1. A riding type crawler-type cabbage harvester comprises a header assembly, a crawler-type power chassis (9) and a cabbage conveying mechanism assembly, wherein a rack (5) is arranged on the crawler-type power chassis (9), a cab (1), a diesel engine (2), a power oil tank (3) and a hydraulic oil tank (4) are arranged above the rack (5), and the header assembly is integrally hung on the rack (5) at the front end of the crawler-type power chassis (9); the cabbage conveying mechanism assembly is arranged in a T shape by a longitudinal conveying belt (12) and a transverse conveying belt (8) and is arranged on a crawler-type power chassis (9) at the rear side of the header assembly; the method is characterized in that: the crawler-type power chassis (9) is a hydraulic stepless speed change power chassis, a longitudinal conveyor belt (12) of the crawler-type power chassis is positioned below the cab (1), and two transverse conveyor belts (8) are horizontally positioned behind the cab (1); the header assembly is hung on a front upright post (13) of the frame (5) by a lifting mechanism with vertical lifting and overturning lifting functions; the transverse conveyor belts (8) are composed of two horizontal conveyor belts with the same rotating speed and opposite rotating directions, the leaf peeling rollers (7) arranged in a splayed shape are arranged above the two transverse conveyor belts (8), and a rotating speed difference is arranged between the leaf peeling rollers (7) on the same side and the transverse conveyor belts (8).

2. The riding track cabbage harvester of claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting bracket (15), a front upright post (13), a lifting oil cylinder (28) and a lifting chain (26); the front upright posts (13) form a gantry frame structure through upright post cross beams (29) and are fixed on the rack (5); a linear rail consisting of a sliding block (24) and a sliding rail (25) is arranged between the lifting bracket (15) and the front upright post (13); be equipped with on stand crossbeam (29) and promote hydro-cylinder (28), promote chain (26) and support sprocket (27) that promote chain (26), promote chain (26) one end and link to each other with promotion hydro-cylinder (28), another links to each other with promotion support (15), promote hydro-cylinder (28) and promote support (15) through promotion chain (26) pulling and slide on slide rail (25) of front column (13) to vertical lift about driving leading header assembly realizes.

3. A riding track type cabbage harvester according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: symmetrically arranged lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged between the left side and the right side of the lifting support (15) and the front upright post (13), and two groups of oppositely arranged linear rails are arranged between the lifting support (15) at each side and the front upright post (13); the left side and the right side of the lifting support (15) are respectively pulled to vertically slide on the front upright post (13) through two groups of lifting oil cylinders (28), so that the header assembly obtains balanced and stable lifting power on the two sides of the front upright post (13).

4. A riding track type cabbage harvester according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: the header assembly is of a modular structure, and two opposite pulling rollers (19), a cutter disc (18) and a flexible clamping belt (17) are integrated in a header bracket (16); a turnover oil cylinder (14) is arranged between the front end of the lifting bracket (15) and the header bracket (16); the upper end of the header bracket (16) is supported on bearing seats at two ends of the lifting bracket (15) through a rotating shaft (23), the header bracket (16) is pushed by a turnover oil cylinder (14) between the lower end of the header bracket (16) and the lifting bracket (15) to drive the header assembly to upwards turn and lift relative to the lifting bracket (15) or the rack (5) by taking the rotating shaft (23) as a fulcrum, so that the header assembly can be vertically lifted or turned and lifted relative to the rack (5).

5. The riding track cabbage harvester of claim 1, wherein: an electronic display screen (21) is arranged in the cab (1), a front camera (20) and a rear camera (6) are arranged on the rack (5) and are respectively positioned above the header assembly and the two transverse conveyor belts (8) and the leaf peeling roller (7), and the front and rear operation conditions can be transmitted to the electronic display screen (21) through image information.

6. The riding track cabbage harvester of claim 1, wherein: the two splayed leaf peeling rollers (7) are hung on the rear side of the frame (5), and the leaf peeling rollers (7) are driven to rotate by a transmission shaft (31) supported on the rear upright post (11) through a universal joint (32) and a transmission chain (33).

7. The riding track cabbage harvester of claim 1, wherein: the acute angle alpha between the splayed leaf stripping roller (7) and the transverse conveyor belt (8) is 30-60 degrees, and the optimal acute angle alpha is 60 degrees.

8. The riding track cabbage harvester of claim 1, wherein: the header assembly, the crawler-type power chassis, the cabbage conveying mechanism assembly and the leaf peeling roller (7) arranged on the upper side of the cabbage conveying mechanism assembly are powered by the same diesel engine (2).