CN2179295Y - Vehicle's passive safety anti-collision apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a passive anti-collision device for vehicular safety, which is installed at the tail part of a truck and is composed of an anti-collision beam 1, a support frame 2 of the anti-collision beam, a buffer cylinder 3 and a support frame 4 of the buffer cylinder, wherein the upper end of the anti-collision beam 1 is connected with the support frame 2, and the lower end is connected with a cross beam 13 through a buffer block 12; a bulge of a piston 31 of the buffer cylinder contacts a longitudinal beam 11 of the anti-collision beam 1. When the cross beam 13 is hit by a rear vehicle, vibration is absorbed by the buffer block 12, a shear pin 33 in the buffer cylinder 3 and a damping hole 36, so that the safety of a driver and passengers in vehicle in the rear-end collision is ensured. The anti-collision beam 1 can be raised, which has no influence on the departure angle of the truck. The installation of the device does not change the structure of the existing truck, and the utility model is suitable for large and medium-sized trucks.

Description

Vehicle's passive safety anti-collision apparatus

The utility model relates to a kind of vehicle safety anticollision device, particularly passive vehicle safety anticollision device.

Continuous development along with city traffic, motor traffic accidents also constantly increases thereupon, in the traffic accident, be the car accident that knocks into the back greatly, promptly the car that comes from the rear bumps against the afterbody of front vehicles, therefore how to improve the automobile protective ability, particularly improves the protective capacities of the large and medium-sized lorry tailstock, ensureing driver and conductor's personal safety, is a urgent and important problem.The vehicle safety anticollision device of prior art is device at vehicle front, on its structure, adopts the shock absorption device of spring shock absorption, air pressure, hydraulic shock-absorption or its combination, is not seen in report but be installed in automobile tail as yet as the passive protection device.Chinese patent application 92203418.4 self-propelled vehicle damping buffering protection devices are that the guard rail that utilizes steel pipe to form is loaded on vehicle front, force transmission shaft is equipped with in the lower end of guard rail, this force transmission shaft carries out cushion bumper through cover spring and strut member thereon, this structure is comparatively simple and practical, but damping capaicty is less and have resilience to produce; Chinese patent application 90105824.6 auto against energy-absorbing damping bumpers, on automobile front beam, be connected with main crusherbull zone oil cylinder, in addition with assisting the multi-buffer damper, adjustable needle valve damper and servo-actuated brake valve mechanism, system damping scalable, when colliding, collision kinetic energy can be absorbed significantly, and self-actuating brake, its compact conformation can be realized simultaneously, volume is less, and Applicable scope is wider.But the shock absorption device of said structure all is suitable for being contained in vehicle front, when sending a car when bumping against in headstock and opposite, play cushioning effect, be not suitable for the passive protection of truck, the protection of the car collision case that especially knocks into the back from the truck rear, also have at truck or towed vehicle afterbody the fixed type protective frame is housed, constitute by two straight beam and the crossbeams of a root bead that are contained on the vehicle afterbody vehicle frame in two straight beam lower ends, but it is not shockproof, also very thin, main the is liftoff position of crossbeam higher (can influence the departure angle performance of vehicle when low), because truck afterbody vehicle frame or crossbeam are higher, and the front bumper of car is lower, when car when the truck afterbody bangs into, tend to pour below the truck afterbody vehicle frame, can injure the driver and conductor in the car.

The utility model proposes a kind of passive vehicle safety anticollision device, be suitable for large and medium-sized truck, it is contained in the truck afterbody, the obstruction function is not only arranged, and buffer capacity arranged, prevent that vehicle, particularly car from pouring from the truck rear, be used for preventing or reducing the loss of car accident, support vehicles, the particularly personal safety of vehicle in accident of knocking into the back.

The utility model is achieved in that it is at least by collision prevention girders 1, collision prevention girders support 2, assistant cylinder 3 and buffering jar support 4 are formed, block the vehicle that comes from the truck rear by collision prevention girders 1 and make unlikely being flushed to behind the truck below the afterbody, buffer action by collision prevention girders 1 and assistant cylinder 3, reduce the loss of colliding, by support plate 21, the collision prevention girders support 2 that right angle support plate 25 and bolt shaft 22 are formed is fixed on the afterbody of carriage frame 6, and do rotating the connection with collision prevention girders 1, assistant cylinder support 4 is a steel plate seam assembly, be fixed on the afterbody of carriage frame 6, on this support 4, assistant cylinder 3 be housed; Collision prevention girders 1 includes the upper end and does the longeron 11 that is rotatably connected with support 2, does resiliency bonded assembly crossbeam 13 with longeron 11 lower ends, and this crossbeam 13 is as the bumper/spoiler of the anti-bump that knocks into the back; Assistant cylinder 3 includes an end and is fixed on cylinder body 32 on the assistant cylinder support 4, one end is positioned at cylinder body 32, and the other end 311 protrudes from outside the cylinder body 32, and with the longeron 11 contacted pistons 31 of collision prevention girders 1, on the excircle of piston 31, have annular groove, be set with seal ring 34 in the annular groove; In the cylinder chamber 37 of assistant cylinder grease is housed, can be petroleum ointment fat, on the wall of the left that is positioned at piston 31 left ends of cylinder body 32, have at least one damping hole 36, in damping hole 36, be incorporated with stifled 35, this stifled can being made of plastics; Damping hole 36 also can be made into tapped, then stifled 35 externally threaded with damping hole 36 mating part bands, make to cooperate when packing into that the jail is difficult for getting loose; Also have at least one and penetrate in cylinder body 32 and the piston 31, and with the two pin that links together 33.

When accident takes place, the vehicle that knocks into the back bumps against on the crossbeam 13 of the present utility model, make its unlikely truck afterbody below of pouring, this bump momentum is after bump rubber 12 dampings, by longeron 11 impact is reached piston 31 again, at first will sell 33 cuts off to absorb a part of Impact energy, promote piston 31 then and be moved to the left the grease that is squeezed in the cylinder chamber 37, the cylinder cavity pressure is increased, eject outside the damping hole 36 thereby will block up 35,, then plastic stifled 35 screw thread is cut off if damping hole 36 and stifled 35 is screw thread combinations, to block up 35 ejects outside the damping hole 36, grease is also discharged outside the cylinder body 32 with damping mode in cylinder chamber 37 by damping hole 36 thereupon, has absorbed remaining impact energy like this, the momentum when having alleviated bump, ensured vehicle, the vehicle drivers that particularly knocks into the back passenger's personal safety.Another effect of pin 33 is to guarantee under normal condition of service, misoperation does not take place in assistant cylinder 3, when normal use or generation slight impact, can obtain certain buffering by bump rubber 12, have only when external force surpasses certain limit and will sell 33 when cutting off, assistant cylinder 3 just can move, after this, pin 33, stifled 35 need only be changed again, and in cylinder body 32, replenish full grease and can reuse, very convenient.

Above-mentioned support 2 is done and is connected longeron 11 rotationally, be in support 2, to longeron 11 be contained between this support plate 21 and the right angle support plate 25 in the hole 113 that the bolt shaft 22 between support plate 21 and the right angle support plate 25 is passed on the longeron 11, and be fixed with spring washer 23, nut 24, collision prevention girders 1 can freely be rotated lentamente around bolt shaft 22; Run into the protruding end 311 of piston 31 when longeron 11 after, keeping its inclined angle alpha is 0 to 15 °, and the best is 7 ° 30 "; The lower end of longeron 11 is connected with the resiliency of crossbeam 13 and can be: between the plate 111 of longeron 11 lower ends and another plate 16 bump rubber 12 is housed, and with bolt 14, nut 15 mothers the three is strung fasteningly, two ends of crossbeam 13 are separately fixed on this two support plate 16; Bump rubber 12 can be rubber, its damping force characteristics and hydraulic actuating cylinder complementation, and the two combined action can further improve buffering effect.

The utility model is except that having the function of obstruction, also has certain buffer capacity, can avoid excessive acceleration shock peak value, to reduce the loss, comparing advantage with existing anticollision device is: 1. simple in structure, based on soldering member, the cylinder body 32 of assistant cylinder, piston 31 are owing to be equipped with seal ring 34, its requirement on machining accuracy is not high, so productive costs is lower; 2. dependable performance because three road shock absorbers such as bump rubber 12, pin 33 and damping hole 36 are arranged, can be born bigger collision, support vehicles driver and conductor's safety; 3. owing to adopt the damping buffering of damping hole 36, can not produce resilience, the damping of system can obtain various damping force characteristicss at an easy rate by regulating these damping hole 36 distributions, quantity and size change; 4. when vehicle ' ran into higher obstacle, longeron 11 can rotate around bolt shaft 22 and lift, so can not influence its departure angle; 5. needn't change the particularly structure of big-and-middle-sized truck of existing vehicle, it is simple and convenient on existing truck this device to be installed; 6. adopt grease as working medium, do not have the leakage and the pollution problem of common hydraulic efficiency pressure system, grease viscosity is bigger, can obtain bigger damping coefficient.

The utility model is applicable to big-and-middle-sized truck, is used to prevent to sail from the truck rear vehicle, the particularly car that come and hits car accident at the truck afterbody, with the protection vehicle, knock into the back car driver and conductor's safety particularly.

Do concrete introduction with embodiment below:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is that A among Fig. 1 is to view.

As shown in Figure 1, for the utility model is used for Jiefang brand, concrete structure scheme drawing on the truck of Dongfeng brand, afterbody at automobile chassis frame 6 is each side used bolt 26, nut 27 is fastening with support plate 21, as Fig. 2 on each relevant position of the crossbearer 5 of vehicle frame 6, each uses bolt 28, nut 29 is fastening with right angle support plate 25, in the hole on support plate 21 and right angle support plate 25 bolt shaft 22 is housed, and the through hole 113 that this axle 22 passes longeron 11 upper ends is sleeved on longeron 11 between support plate 21 and the right angle support plate 25, and it is it is fastening with spring washer 23 and nut 24, make longeron 11 when free state, can slowly rotate around this bolt shaft 22, like this, when running car, can not influence its departure angle, when free state, can rotate to sagging position, as Fig. 1 longeron 11 is the box girder of rectangle for the cross section, be welded with plate 111 in the lower end of longeron 11, between plate 111 and plate 16, be equipped with rubber system bump rubber 12 several, and pass through hole on the three with bolt 14 and nut 15, the three is tightened together, the cross section is on the end face of two plates 16 about two ends of the crossbeam 13 of flute profile are welded in respectively, as the rear bumper of this car, the end face of this crossbeam 13 can flush with the aft end face of truck container.Assistant cylinder support 4 is by support body 41, straight plate 44, brace panel 45,46 seam form, on support body 41, have fastener hole, with bolt 42, nut 43 with this support 4 be fastened on truck frame 6 afterbodys about the below of two sides, on straight plate 44, be welded with the cylinder body 32 of assistant cylinder 3, be set with in the cylinder body 32 end 311 protrude from its outer and with longeron 11 contacted pistons 31, pin 33 penetrates in cylinder body 32 and the piston 31 and with the two and links together, in the annular groove of piston 31 left end outside faces, seal ring 34 is housed, left at piston 31 left ends, on the wall of cylinder body 32, have the threaded damping hole 36 of inside face, to have stifled 35 of screw thread with plastic outside face is screwed in the damping hole 36, fill petroleum ointment fat in the cylinder chamber 37, when longeron 11 sagging, when plate 112 touched the protruding end 311 of piston 31, the tilt angle alpha of this longeron was 7 ° 30 ".When work, promptly knock into the back vehicle collision during to crossbeam 13, reduce momentum through bump rubber 12, import impact energy into piston 31 through longeron 11, and will sell 33 and cut off, reduce a part of momentum, then with the compression of the petroleum ointment fat in the cylinder chamber 37, cause stifled 35 screw thread decohesion, petroleum ointment fat is sprayed outside cylinder body 32 through damping hole 36 in 37 from the cylinder chamber, carry out the throttling damping to absorb momentum.

Crossbeam 13 positions of this device are lower, the front bumper height that is equivalent to car, so car knocks into the back when bumping against, the front bumper of car can knock this crossbeam 13, make that car is unlikely to be poured below the truck of the place ahead, then make the departure angle of truck become too little but crossbeam 13 positions are low, the through performance of influence driving, because longeron 11 can rotate around the axle 22 of support 2, conter clockwise lifts, and this axle 22 also has shock damping action, it is the Clamping force of adjusting shaft 22, make support plate 21 and right angle support plate 25 clamp two side M of this longeron 11, N makes longeron 11 be difficult for swing, can not produce bump and noise in the process of moving, when reversing back, during as big obstacle impassabitity, longeron 11 usefulness ropes can be hung on railway carriage, can retreat and pass through obstacle.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of passive vehicle safety anticollision device, it is characterized in that: it is made up of collision prevention girders 1, collision prevention girders support 2, assistant cylinder 3 and buffering jar support 4 at least, the collision prevention girders support of being made up of support plate 21, right angle support plate 25 and bolt shaft 22 2 is fixed on the afterbody of carriage frame 6, and do rotating the connection with collision prevention girders 1, assistant cylinder support 4 is fixed on the afterbody of carriage frame 6, on this support 4 assistant cylinder 3 is housed; Collision prevention girders 1 includes the upper end and does the longeron 11 that is rotatably connected and do resiliency bonded assembly crossbeam 13 with longeron 11 lower ends with support 2; Assistant cylinder 3 includes an end and is fixed on cylinder body 32 on the assistant cylinder support 4, one end is positioned at cylinder body 32, the other end 311 protrude from cylinder body 32 outer and with the longeron 11 contacted pistons 31 of collision prevention girders 1, on the wall of the left that is positioned at piston 31 left ends of the cylinder body 32 of described assistant cylinder, have at least one damping hole 36, in damping hole 36, be equipped with stifled 35.

2, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the outer round surface of the piston 31 of described assistant cylinder, have annular groove, in this annular groove, be set with seal ring 34.

3, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: also have at least one and penetrate in cylinder body 32 and the piston 31 and the two pin that links together 33.

4, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stifled 35 are made of plastics.

5, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described damping hole 36 is for tapped, and stifled 35 is externally threaded for being with cutoff port 36 mating parts.

6, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described collision prevention girders support 2 and collision prevention girders 1 are done rotating being connected to: will longeron 11 be sleeved between this right angle support plate 25 and the support plate 21 in the hole 113 that the bolt shaft 22 between support plate 21 and the right angle support plate 25 is passed on the longeron 11 in collision prevention girders support 2, and be fixed with spring washer 23, nut 24.

7, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the protruding end 311 of described piston 31 contacted with longeron 11, the inclined angle alpha of longeron 11 was 0 to 15 °, and the best is 7 ° 30 ".

8, by the anticollision device described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower end of described longeron 11 and crossbeam 13 are done resiliency and are connected between the plate 111 of longeron 11 lower ends and another plate 16 bump rubber 12 is housed, and the three is strung and fastening with bolt 14, nut 15, two ends of crossbeam 13 are separately fixed on this two support plate 16.

9, by the anticollision device described in the claim 8, it is characterized in that: described bump rubber 12 is rubber.

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