CN213654842U - A advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treat tunnel rock burst - Google Patents
A advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treat tunnel rock burst Download PDFInfo
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- CN213654842U CN213654842U CN202022560072.5U CN202022560072U CN213654842U CN 213654842 U CN213654842 U CN 213654842U CN 202022560072 U CN202022560072 U CN 202022560072U CN 213654842 U CN213654842 U CN 213654842U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to an advance drilling and splitting system for preventing tunnel rock burst, which comprises a splitting device and a splitting hole; the splitting holes are formed in the wall surface of the tunnel; the splitting device comprises at least two hydraulic oil cylinders which are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected, each hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, the piston rods movably extend out of the first end of the cylinder body, and the piston rods of the hydraulic oil cylinders face to the same side; the cylinder body is provided with a first oil through flow passage and an oil discharging flow passage, and the first oil through flow passages on the cylinder bodies are mutually communicated; the oil discharge flow passage is communicated with one end of the cylinder body close to the piston rod. The utility model provides an advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst can fully release rock mass stress, has better rock burst prevention and cure effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel engineering field, especially an advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst.
Background
Rock burst is a phenomenon frequently occurring in the process of tunnel excavation, and the cause of the rock burst is as follows: when the excavation is not carried out, the rock mass is in a high stress state, the energy of the rock mass is suddenly released in the excavation process, the surrounding rock is damaged, and broken rocks are thrown out. The occurrence of the rock burst phenomenon can produce extremely adverse effects on construction, the construction progress is slightly influenced, the maintenance cost of the tunnel is increased, and equipment damage and even casualties are seriously caused.
In the prior art, the solution to the rock burst problem includes active release measures and passive support measures. The active stress release is to punch in front of the tunnel face to release the ground stress and dissipate the energy of rock burst, however, if the rock mass is relatively complete and belongs to high buried depth hard rock, the stress is difficult to release sufficiently by punching only, and the prevention effect on the rock burst is not good enough.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a: aiming at the problems that in tunnel construction in the prior art, only punching is difficult to fully release tunnel stress and the prevention effect on rock burst is poor, the advanced drilling splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst is provided.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
an advance drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst comprises a splitting device and a splitting hole; the splitting holes are formed in the wall surface of the tunnel; the splitting device comprises at least two hydraulic oil cylinders which are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected, each hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, the piston rods movably extend out of the first end of the cylinder body, and the piston rods of the hydraulic oil cylinders are arranged towards the same side; the cylinder body is provided with a first oil through flow channel and an oil discharging flow channel, the first oil through flow channel is communicated with one end, far away from the piston rod, in the cylinder body, the first oil through flow channels on the cylinder bodies are communicated with each other, and the first oil through flow channels are used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder bodies on the hydraulic oil cylinders so as to push the piston rod to extend out; the oil discharge flow channel is communicated with one end, close to the piston rod, in the cylinder body, the oil discharge flow channels on the cylinder bodies are communicated with one another, and the oil discharge flow channels are used for discharging hydraulic oil so as to allow the piston rod to extend out, or hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder body on each hydraulic oil cylinder so as to push the piston rod to retract.
The utility model provides an advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst during the construction, arranges the splitting device in the splitting hole, and each hydraulic cylinder arranges along the direction of depth in splitting hole. Pressure oil is introduced into the hydraulic oil cylinder of the splitting device through the first oil passage, so that the piston rod extends out, and when the piston rod extends out, hydraulic oil in the cylinder body on one side of the piston rod flows out from the oil unloading passage. After the piston rod extends out, pressure is applied to the side wall of the split hole, so that the rock body is damaged, and the stress of the rock body is actively released. Compare in prior art only through the prevention and cure scheme of release rockburst that punches, the utility model provides a system can release rock mass stress more fully thoroughly, consequently has better rockburst prevention and cure effect. In addition, the piston rods of the hydraulic oil cylinders are not connected with each other and respectively extend out under the action of hydraulic oil with the same pressure, and even if the surfaces of the splitting holes are uneven, each piston rod can be guaranteed to be in contact with the inner surface of each splitting hole.
As an optional scheme of the present invention, a first bump is disposed at an end of one side of the outer surface of the cylinder, a first sinking platform is disposed at an end of the other side opposite to the first bump, the first bump is adapted to a cross section of the first sinking platform in size, one end of the first oil passage is located on a surface of the first sinking platform, and the other end of the first oil passage is located on a surface of the first bump; the surface of the first sinking platform and/or the first convex block is provided with a sealing rubber pad, and the first sinking platform and the first convex block are provided with at least three connecting threaded holes. Through foretell structure, two adjacent hydraulic cylinder realize fixing a position through the cooperation of first lug and the heavy platform of second, and can dismantle the continuous through the bolt realization. After the connection, the sealing of the joint of the first oil flow channel on each cylinder body is realized through the sealing rubber gasket, and the matching of the first lug and the second sinking platform is favorable for improving the sealing effect.
As an optional scheme of the present invention, a second bump is disposed at an end of one side of the outer surface of the cylinder, a second sinking platform is disposed at an end of the other side opposite to the second bump, the second bump is adapted to a cross section of the second sinking platform, one end of the oil discharge channel is located on a surface of the second sinking platform, and the other end of the oil discharge channel is located on a surface of the second bump; and the surfaces of the second sinking platform and/or the second convex block are/is provided with a sealing rubber pad, and the second sinking platform and the second convex block are provided with at least three connecting threaded holes. Through foretell structure, the cooperation of second heavy platform and second lug and the setting of sealing rubber pad, combined action for guarantee the sealed of each cylinder body in the department that meets of oil discharge runner.
As an optional scheme of the present invention, the cylinder body is further provided with a second oil passage, the second oil passage is communicated with one end of the interior of the cylinder body, which is far away from the piston rod, the second oil passages on the cylinder bodies are communicated with each other, and the second oil passage is used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder body on each hydraulic oil cylinder so as to push the piston rod to extend out; the first oil passage and the second oil passage are separated from each other. Because the working environment of the advanced drilling and splitting system is severe and the amount of sand and stone is large, the phenomenon of channel blockage can occur due to various reasons during working. Through setting up the second through-flow channel that separates each other with first through-flow channel, first through-flow channel is normal during operation, seals second through-flow channel. If the first oil passage is blocked once, the second oil passage can participate in the work.
As an optional scheme of the utility model, second oil passage one end is located first heavy platform surface, the other end is located first lug surface.
As an alternative scheme of the utility model, the both ends of second logical oil flow way all are equipped with the counter bore, and both ends the size of counter bore matches, the ground of counter bore is equipped with sealing rubber pad. Through setting up the screw hole, when not using second logical oil flow way, accessible bolt and second sealing rubber pad's cooperation seals second logical oil flow way. The influence on the normal use of the hydraulic oil cylinder is avoided.
As an optional scheme of the utility model, the piston rod is located the outside one end of hydro-cylinder is the toper structure. Through the structure, the pressure of the piston rod to the rock body is increased.
As an optional scheme of the present invention, the number of the cleavage holes is plural, including the first cleavage hole and the second cleavage hole; the first splitting holes are arranged on the tunnel face, the axis direction of the first splitting holes is perpendicular to the direction of the tunnel face, and the second splitting holes are arranged on the tunnel face, the axis direction of the second splitting holes is acute-angled to the direction of the tunnel face. Through foretell structure, be favorable to releasing the stress in rock mass all directions, the rock burst prevention and cure effect is better.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. compared with the prevention and control scheme of releasing rock burst only by punching in the prior art, the system provided by the utility model can more fully and thoroughly release rock stress, thereby having better rock burst prevention and control effect;
2. piston rods of the hydraulic oil cylinders are not connected with each other and respectively extend out under the action of hydraulic oil with the same pressure, and even if the surfaces of the splitting holes are uneven, each piston rod can be guaranteed to be in contact with the inner surface of each splitting hole.
3. The sealing of the joint of the first oil flow passage on each cylinder body is realized through the sealing rubber gasket, and the matching of the first lug and the second sinking platform is favorable for improving the sealing effect.
4. Through the second oil passage channel separated from the first oil passage channel, if the first oil passage channel is blocked, the second oil passage channel can participate in working.
5. The multiple split holes with different directions and positions are arranged, so that stress on the rock mass in all directions can be released, and the rock burst prevention and treatment effect is better.
6. The free surface is formed in the rock mass in advance, so that the excavation blasting efficiency is improved, the blasting driving design loading amount can be reduced, and the disturbance of blasting vibration to surrounding rocks is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a splitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic oil cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover of a hydraulic oil cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of one side of the end cover when the hydraulic cylinders are connected.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cleavage hole provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a hydraulic oil cylinder; 11-a cylinder body; 11 a-end cap; 11 b-a cylinder body; 111-a first oil through flow channel; 112-a second oil passage; 113-an oil discharge channel; 114-a first sinking platform; 115-first bumps; 116-a second sinking platform; 117-second bump; 118-sealing rubber gasket; 119-connecting threaded hole; 12-a piston rod; 121-a tapered structure; 2-a pull ring; 31-a first cleavage hole; 32-a second cleavage hole; 0-rock mass; 0 a-palm surface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides an advance drilling splitting system for preventing tunnel rock burst, which includes a splitting device and a splitting hole.
The splitting hole is arranged on the wall surface of the tunnel. The number of cleavage holes is plural. The cleavage hole types include two types, namely a first cleavage hole 31 and a second cleavage hole 32. The first splitting holes 31 are arranged on the tunnel face 0a, the axial direction of the first splitting holes is perpendicular to the tunnel face 0a, and the second splitting holes 32 are arranged on the tunnel face 0a, and the axial direction of the second splitting holes and the tunnel face 0a form an acute angle.
The splitting device is arranged in the splitting hole. The splitting device comprises at least two hydraulic oil cylinders 1 which are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected. A pull ring 2 is arranged on the surface of one hydraulic oil cylinder 1, so that a constructor can move the splitting device conveniently.
Each hydraulic oil cylinder 1 comprises a cylinder body 11 and a piston rod 12, the piston rod 12 movably extends out of the first end of the cylinder body 11, and the piston rods 12 of the hydraulic oil cylinders 1 are arranged towards the same side.
The cylinder block 11 is provided with a first oil passage 111, a second oil passage 112, and an oil discharge passage 113.
The first oil passage 111 is communicated with one end, far away from the piston rod 12, of the cylinder body 11, the second oil passage 112 is communicated with one end, far away from the piston rod 12, of the cylinder body 11, and the first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 are separated from each other. The first oil passage 111 of each cylinder block 11 is sequentially communicated, and the second oil passage 112 of each cylinder block 11 is sequentially communicated. The first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 are used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder 11 of each hydraulic oil cylinder 1 so as to push the piston rod 12 to extend. The first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 may also be used to discharge hydraulic oil, thereby allowing the piston rod 12 to retract.
Furthermore, both ends of the second oil passage 112 are provided with counter bores, and the bottom surfaces of the counter bores are provided with sealing rubber pads 118, so that when the second oil passage 112 is not used, the second oil passage 112 can be sealed through the matching of bolts and the sealing rubber pads 118. The nut of the bolt is positioned in the counter bore, so that the nut is prevented from generating adverse effects on the connection of other components.
An oil discharge channel 113 is communicated with one end of the interior of the cylinder 11 close to the piston rod 12, the oil discharge channels 113 on the respective cylinder 11 are communicated with each other, and the oil discharge channels 113 are used for discharging hydraulic oil, so as to allow the piston rod 12 to extend; the oil discharge channel 113 may also be used to introduce hydraulic oil into the cylinder 11 of each hydraulic oil cylinder 1, so as to push the piston rod 12 to retract.
A first bump 115 is arranged at the end of one side of the outer surface of the cylinder body 11, a first sinking platform 114 is arranged at the end of the other side opposite to the first bump 115, the first bump 115 is matched with the cross section of the first sinking platform 114 in size, one end of the first oil passage 111 is positioned on the surface of the first sinking platform 114, the other end of the first oil passage is positioned on the surface of the first bump 115, one end of the second oil passage 112 is positioned on the surface of the first sinking platform 114, and the other end of the second oil passage is positioned on the surface of the first bump 115; the surface of the first sinking platform 114 is provided with a sealing rubber pad 118, and the first sinking platform 114 and the first bump 115 are both provided with at least three connecting threaded holes 119. Further, the connection threaded holes 119 in the first sinking platform 114 and the first protrusion 115 are annularly disposed in the first oil flow passage 111 and the second oil flow passage 112.
A second bump 117 is further arranged on one side of the outer surface of the cylinder body 11, a second sinking platform 116 is arranged on the other side opposite to the second bump 117, the second bump 117 is matched with the cross section of the second sinking platform 116 in size, one end of the oil discharge channel 113 is located on the surface of the second sinking platform 116, and the other end of the oil discharge channel is located on the surface of the second bump 117; the surface of the second sinking platform 116 is provided with a sealing rubber pad 118, and the second sinking platform 116 and the second bump 117 are provided with at least three connecting threaded holes 119. Further, the three connecting threaded holes 119 are annularly arranged around the oil discharge channel 113.
Only a first sinking platform 114 and a second sinking platform 116 which are matched with the adjacent hydraulic oil cylinders 1 are arranged on one hydraulic oil cylinder 1 at the end part, and a first lug 115 and a second lug 117 are not arranged, accordingly, the skilled person can know that in order to form an oil circuit capable of realizing the normal operation of the system, the end part of a first oil through flow passage 111 on the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 at the end part is directly communicated with the inside of the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 and does not penetrate through the first lug 115; the end part of the second oil passage 112 on the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 at the end part is directly communicated with the inside of the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 without penetrating the first lug 115; the end of the oil discharge passage 113 of the end hydraulic cylinder 1 is directly communicated with the inside of the hydraulic cylinder 1 without passing through the second boss 117. The structure of the hydraulic ram 1 at the end is shown in fig. 1 for the lowermost hydraulic ram 1.
Further, the cylinder block 11 includes an end cover 11a and a cylinder body 11 b. The end cap 11a is detachably connected to the cylinder body 11b, and the piston rod 12 is slidably disposed in the cylinder body 11 b. The first protrusion 115, the first sinking platform 114, the first oil passage 111 and the second oil passage 112 are disposed on the end cover 11 a. The second protrusion 117, the second sinking platform 116 and the oil discharge passage 113 are all disposed on the cylinder body 11 b.
The end of the piston rod 12 outside the hydraulic cylinder 1 is a conical structure 121.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a theory of operation for preventing and treating advance drilling splitting system that tunnel rock burst provided lies in:
during construction, a first splitting hole 31 and a second splitting hole 32 are drilled in the inner wall of the tunnel, the splitting device is placed in each splitting hole, hydraulic oil is added through the first oil flow passage 111, the piston rod 12 extends out under the action of the hydraulic oil, splitting pressure is applied to the inner wall of each splitting hole, and therefore 0 stress of the rock body is released; if the first oil passage 111 is blocked, the bolt in the second oil passage 112 can be taken down, so that the second oil passage 112 is opened, and pressure is applied through the second oil passage 112; if the piston rod 12 needs to be reset, the hydraulic oil path is reversed, and hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder through the oil discharge flow path 113 and discharged through the first oil passage 111 or the second oil passage 112.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an advance drilling splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst's beneficial effect lies in:
1. compared with the prevention and control scheme of releasing rock burst only by punching in the prior art, the system provided by the utility model can more fully and thoroughly release 0 stress of the rock mass, thereby having better prevention and control effect of rock burst;
2. the piston rods 12 of the hydraulic oil cylinders 1 are not connected with each other and respectively extend out under the action of hydraulic oil with the same pressure, so that even if the surfaces of the cleavage holes are uneven, each piston rod 12 can be ensured to be in contact with the inner surface of each cleavage hole.
3. The sealing of the joint of the first oil flow passage 111 on each cylinder body 11 is realized through the sealing rubber gasket 118, and the matching of the first bump 115 and the second sinking platform 116 is beneficial to improving the sealing effect.
4. By providing the second oil passage 112 spaced apart from the first oil passage 111, the second oil passage 112 can be operated when the first oil passage 111 is clogged.
5. Set up the different multiple split holes in direction and position, be favorable to releasing 0 all ascending stress in the direction of rock mass, the rock burst prevention and cure effect is better.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An advance drilling splitting system for preventing tunnel rock burst is characterized by comprising a splitting device and a splitting hole;
the splitting holes are formed in the wall surface of the tunnel;
the splitting device comprises at least two hydraulic oil cylinders (1) which are arranged in parallel and fixedly connected, each hydraulic oil cylinder (1) comprises a cylinder body (11) and a piston rod (12), each piston rod (12) can movably extend out of the first end of each cylinder body (11), and the piston rods (12) of the hydraulic oil cylinders (1) are arranged towards the same side;
a first oil through flow channel (111) and an oil discharging flow channel (113) are arranged on the cylinder body (11), the first oil through flow channel (111) is communicated with one end, far away from the piston rod (12), in the cylinder body (11), the first oil through flow channel (111) on each cylinder body (11) is sequentially communicated, and the first oil through flow channel (111) is used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder body (11) on each hydraulic oil cylinder (1) so as to push the piston rod (12) to extend out or discharging the hydraulic oil so as to allow the piston rod (12) to retract; the oil discharge flow channel (113) is communicated with one end of the piston rod (12) close to the inside of the cylinder body (11), the oil discharge flow channel (113) on the cylinder body (11) is communicated in sequence, the oil discharge flow channel (113) is used for discharging hydraulic oil, so that the piston rod (12) is allowed to stretch out, or hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder body (11) on the hydraulic oil cylinder (1) to push the piston rod (12) to retract.
2. The advanced drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst according to claim 1, wherein a first bump (115) is arranged at one end of the outer surface of the cylinder body (11), a first sinking platform (114) is arranged at the other end opposite to the first bump (115), the first bump (115) is matched with the first sinking platform (114) in size, one end of the first oil passage (111) is positioned on the surface of the first sinking platform (114), and the other end of the first oil passage is positioned on the surface of the first bump (115);
and the surfaces of the first sinking platform (114) and/or the first bump (115) are/is provided with a sealing rubber gasket (118), and the first sinking platform (114) and the first bump (115) are respectively provided with at least three connecting threaded holes (119).
3. The advanced drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst according to claim 2, wherein one side of the outer surface of the cylinder body (11) is provided with a second convex block (117), the other side opposite to the second convex block (117) is provided with a second sinking platform (116), the second convex block (117) is matched with the second sinking platform (116) in size, one end of the oil discharge channel (113) is positioned on the surface of the second sinking platform (116), and the other end of the oil discharge channel is positioned on the surface of the second convex block (117);
and the surfaces of the second sinking platform (116) and/or the second bump (117) are/is provided with a sealing rubber pad (118), and the second sinking platform (116) and the second bump (117) are respectively provided with at least three connecting threaded holes (119).
4. The advanced drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst according to claim 2, wherein a second oil passage (112) is further arranged on the cylinder body (11), the second oil passage (112) is communicated with one end of the interior of the cylinder body (11) far away from the piston rod (12), the second oil passage (112) on each cylinder body (11) is communicated in sequence, and the second oil passage (112) is used for injecting hydraulic oil into the cylinder body (11) on each hydraulic oil cylinder (1) so as to push the piston rod (12) to extend or discharging the hydraulic oil so as to allow the piston rod (12) to retract;
the first oil passage (111) and the second oil passage (112) are spaced apart from each other.
5. A leading borehole splitting system for controlling tunnel rock burst according to claim 4, wherein the second oil passage (112) is located at one end on the surface of the first sinking platform (114) and at the other end on the surface of the first protruding block (115).
6. The advance drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst according to claim 5, wherein counterbores are formed in two ends of the second oil passage channel (112), the counterbores in the two ends are matched in size, and sealing rubber gaskets (118) are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the counterbores.
7. A advanced drilling and splitting system for preventing and treating tunnel rock burst according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the piston rod (12) outside the cylinder (11) is a conical structure (121).
8. The advance borehole fracturing system for controlling tunnel rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the number of the cleavage holes is plural, including a first cleavage hole (31) and a second cleavage hole (32);
the first splitting holes (31) are formed in the tunnel face (0a) and the axis direction of the first splitting holes is perpendicular to the tunnel face (0a) direction of the tunnel, and the second splitting holes (32) are formed in the tunnel face (0a) and the axis direction of the second splitting holes and the tunnel face (0a) of the tunnel form an acute angle.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115030657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-09 | 西南交通大学 | Anchor construction equipment is irritated in tunnel |
CN117145469A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-01 | 华侨大学 | Rock expansion and crushing device for tunnel construction and use method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-11-06 CN CN202022560072.5U patent/CN213654842U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115030657A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-09-09 | 西南交通大学 | Anchor construction equipment is irritated in tunnel |
CN115030657B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-02-03 | 西南交通大学 | Anchor construction equipment is irritated in tunnel |
CN117145469A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-01 | 华侨大学 | Rock expansion and crushing device for tunnel construction and use method thereof |
CN117145469B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-26 | 华侨大学 | Rock expansion and crushing device for tunnel construction and use method thereof |
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