CN212144955U - Pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device - Google Patents
Pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212144955U CN212144955U CN202020491400.8U CN202020491400U CN212144955U CN 212144955 U CN212144955 U CN 212144955U CN 202020491400 U CN202020491400 U CN 202020491400U CN 212144955 U CN212144955 U CN 212144955U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device, a shell adopts a hollow structure, a rotating shaft is arranged in the shell through a bearing group, and the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the head end of a stirring pin through a tool handle; the outer piston is connected with the lower part of the shell, the oil seal cover is fixedly connected with the tail end of the shell, the oil seal cover adopts a hollow structure, and an oil cavity is formed among the outer piston, the shell and the oil seal cover; the shaft shoulder fixing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer piston, the shaft shoulder transition ring is connected with the static shaft shoulder through the shaft shoulder fixing ring, and the stirring needle penetrates through the static shaft shoulder and extends out of the static shaft shoulder. The device realizes full penetration of the friction stir welding seam, is stable in static process, and has the advantages of compact structure, flexibility and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a friction stir welding technical field, more specifically says and relates to a static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle nose device of pressure-displacement cooperative control.
Background
Since 1991, the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) technology has been widely applied to the connection of light metal alloys such as aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy by virtue of the advantages of high welding joint quality, high automation degree, environmental friendliness, no pollution and the like, by the UK welding research institute (TWI) utility model. The stirring head is an important component of friction stir welding equipment and is the core of the friction stir welding technology. The stirring head consists of a shaft shoulder, a stirring pin and a stirring head clamping part.
In the friction stir welding process, the stirring pin generates welding heat through rotation and drives materials around the stirring pin to flow to form a welding joint; the shaft shoulder plays a role in ridging the surface plastic metal on one hand, and prevents the surface plastic metal from overflowing to cause defects, on the other hand, the shaft shoulder generates a heat source by friction with the surface metal, and the shaft shoulder friction is an important heat source component for friction stir welding. 70% -80% of friction heat generated in the welding process is generated on the rotating shaft shoulder and the surface of a workpiece, but most of heat is used as ineffective energy to have negative effects on surrounding materials and is dissipated in the environment, and the rest of heat is transferred in the plate thickness direction to form uneven heat input of a welding seam, so that a large temperature gradient is generated. In the welding of thick plates and plates with poor thermal conductivity, the non-uniform distribution of heat in the joint will lead to non-uniformity of mechanical properties, local deformation of the welded joint and premature failure of the joint.
To overcome the limitations of the conventional Friction Stir Welding (FSW) technique, the british welding institute (TWI) developed a Static Shoulder Friction Stir Welding (SSFSW) technique. During welding, the rotating stirring pin is inserted into a workpiece to be welded, the static shaft shoulder is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece, when heat is generated by friction between the rotating stirring pin and surrounding materials, weld metal is in a sticky plastic state, and the rotation of the stirring pin drives the surrounding materials to flow from a forward side to a backward side to form a weld. The shaft shoulder does not rotate in the welding process, no arc line is generated on the surface of a welding seam, flash is reduced, and holes are inhibited. The Static Shoulder Friction Stir Welding (SSFSW) technique has the advantages of low heat input, good weld formation, small residual stress and deformation, and the like.
In the welding process, the welding process is unstable due to the shape and position size deviation of the workpiece to be welded and the unevenness of the surface of the material. The shaft shoulder is in over-tight contact with the surface of a workpiece, and the axial pressure is increased to cause the extrusion of metal on the surface of a welding seam, thereby causing flash defect and thinning of the welding seam; too little axial pressure results in poor weld surface formation. When the thickness of the workpiece changes, the penetration depth of the stirring pin in the workpiece to be welded changes along with the change of the thickness of the workpiece. The penetration depth of the stirring pin is small, which causes the defect that the root of the welding line is not completely welded; on the contrary, the too deep penetration of the stirring pin can cause the contact between the stirring pin and the base plate, damage the stirring pin and even damage the friction stir welding equipment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model overcomes not enough among the prior art, current main bonding tool device has welding process unstability, and the root does not weld the scheduling problem thoroughly, provides a static shaft shoulder friction stir welding main tapping device of pressure-displacement cooperative control, and this device has realized that the friction stir welding seam welds thoroughly entirely, and quiescent process is stable, and the device has advantages such as compact structure, flexibility simultaneously.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme.
A pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device comprises a clamping system, a hydraulic system and a static shaft shoulder system.
The clamping system comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, a tool shank and a stirring pin, wherein the shell is of a hollow structure, the rotating shaft is arranged in the shell through a bearing group, and the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the head end of the stirring pin through the tool shank;
the hydraulic system comprises an outer piston, an oil cavity and an oil seal cover, wherein the outer piston is movably arranged at the lower part of the shell, the outer piston moves up and down along the axial direction of the shell, the oil seal cover is fixedly connected with the tail end of the shell, the oil seal cover adopts a hollow structure, the oil cavity is formed among the outer piston, the shell and the oil seal cover, and the oil cavity is used for adjusting the axial displacement of the outer piston;
the static shaft shoulder system comprises a static shaft shoulder, a shaft shoulder transition ring and a shaft shoulder fixing ring, the shaft shoulder fixing ring is fixedly connected with the tail end of the outer piston, the static shaft shoulder system is driven to move in the axial direction through the up-and-down movement of the outer piston so as to achieve the purpose that the static shaft shoulder system applies constant pressure to a workpiece to be welded, the shaft shoulder transition ring is connected with the static shaft shoulder through the shaft shoulder fixing ring, and the stirring needle penetrates through the static shaft shoulder and extends out of the static shaft shoulder.
The main shaft head device further comprises a support frame and a displacement sensor, the head end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the outer side of the shell, the tail end of the support frame is connected with the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor is used for detecting the plate thickness change of a workpiece to be welded in real time and adjusting and sending data to a control system in real time, the control system controls a hydraulic system to adjust the output pressure of the hydraulic system, and therefore the outer piston moves to drive a static shaft shoulder system to move, and the purpose of real-time control of the axial displacement of the stirring pin is achieved.
The quantity of bearing group is 2 groups, the bearing group is followed respectively the pivot is from top to bottom set up according to the group, and the bearing quantity of the bearing group that is located pivot upper portion is 2, and the bearing quantity of the bearing group that is located the pivot lower part is 4.
The bearing adopts an angular contact bearing.
An outer spacing ring and an inner spacing ring are sequentially arranged between the adjacent bearings from outside to inside, and a tight locking nut for fixing the bearing is arranged at the rear end of the bearing at the tail end.
The shaft shoulder fixing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer piston through an inner hexagon screw, and the inner diameter of the shaft shoulder fixing ring is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cutter handle, so that the cutter handle can be detached and replaced on the premise of not detaching the shaft shoulder fixing ring.
The shaft shoulder transition ring is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder fixing ring through an inner hexagon screw, the shaft shoulder transition ring is of a hollow conical structure, the inner diameter of a large opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring is the same as that of the shaft shoulder fixing ring, and the inner diameter of a small opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring is larger than the outer diameter of a part of the tool shank for clamping the stirring needle.
Four through holes are uniformly formed in the side face of the shaft shoulder transition ring, and the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the jackscrew holes in the side edge of the tool holder, so that the stirring pin can be installed and replaced on the premise of not disassembling the shaft shoulder transition ring.
The static shaft shoulder is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder transition ring through an inner hexagon screw.
The clamping part of the stirring pin is provided with four symmetrical planes along the axial direction, the planes correspond to the jackscrew holes one by one, the stirring pin is connected with the knife handle through the jackscrew, the jackscrew penetrates through the through hole and the jackscrew holes, and therefore the purposes that only the static shaft shoulder is required to be disassembled for installation and replacement of the stirring pin, and the shaft shoulder transition ring and the shaft shoulder fixing ring are not required to be disassembled are achieved.
The utility model has the advantages that: the device of the utility model connects the piston rod of the hydraulic system with the shell through the guide key, reduces the length of the main shaft, saves space and improves the rigidity and stability of the equipment; the static shaft shoulder, the shaft shoulder transition ring and the shaft shoulder fixing ring are compact and reasonable in design, the stirring head can be installed and replaced by disassembling the static shaft shoulder, and the tool shank can be disassembled and replaced by disassembling the static shaft shoulder and the transition ring; the static shaft shoulder and the stirring pin separated stirring head structure is adopted, and the static shaft shoulder is connected with an outer piston of a hydraulic system, so that the static shaft shoulder system applies constant pressure to a workpiece to be welded; the stirring pin is subjected to displacement control, the plate thickness change is detected in real time through a displacement sensor on the friction stir welding equipment, and data are adjusted to a control system in real time, so that the axial displacement of the stirring pin is controlled in real time; the utility model discloses the problem of the friction stir welding seam defect that does not appear completely welding and because the unstable problem of welding process that the difference of work piece morpheme size caused has been solved to the device, has realized that the friction stir welding seam is completely welded, and static process is stable. Simultaneously the utility model discloses the device has advantages such as compact structure, flexibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic external structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 is a stirring pin; 2 is a static shaft shoulder; 3 is a shaft shoulder transition ring; 4 is a shaft shoulder fixing ring; 5 is an outer piston; 6 is a shell; 7 is a rotating shaft; 8, a bearing group; 9 is a tight lock nut; 10 is a knife handle; 11 is an oil seal cover; 12 is an oil chamber; 13 is an outer space ring; 14 is an inner spacer ring; 15 is a pressure sensor; 16 is a workpiece to be welded; 17 is a supporting frame; and 18 is a displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following specific examples.
Example one
A pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device comprises a clamping system, a hydraulic system and a static shaft shoulder system,
the clamping system comprises a shell 6, a rotating shaft 7, a cutter handle 10 and a stirring pin 1, wherein the shell 6 is of a hollow structure, the rotating shaft 7 is arranged in the shell 6 through a bearing group 8, and the tail end of the rotating shaft 6 is connected with the head end of the stirring pin 1 through the cutter handle 7;
the hydraulic system comprises an outer piston 5, an oil cavity 12 and an oil seal cover 11, wherein the outer piston 5 is connected with the lower part of a shell 6 through a guide key, the outer piston 5 moves up and down along the outer wall of the shell 6, the oil seal cover 11 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the shell 6, the oil seal cover 11 adopts a hollow structure, the oil cavity 12 is formed among the outer piston 5, the shell 6 and the oil seal cover 11, and the oil cavity 12 is used for adjusting the axial displacement of the outer piston 5;
the static shaft shoulder system comprises a static shaft shoulder 2, a shaft shoulder transition ring 3 and a shaft shoulder fixing ring 4, the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4 is fixedly connected with the tail end of an outer piston 5, the static shaft shoulder system is driven to move in the axial direction through the up-down movement of the outer piston 5, so that the purpose that the static shaft shoulder system applies constant pressure to a workpiece 16 to be welded is achieved, the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 is connected with the static shaft shoulder 2 through the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4, and a stirring needle 1 penetrates through the static shaft shoulder 2 and extends out of the static shaft shoulder 2.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the spindle head device further comprises a support frame 17 and a displacement sensor 18, the head end of the support frame 17 is fixedly connected with the outer side of the shell 6, the tail end of the support frame 17 is connected with the displacement sensor 18, the displacement sensor 18 is used for detecting the plate thickness change of a workpiece 16 to be welded in real time and adjusting and sending data to a control system in real time, the control system controls a hydraulic system to adjust the output pressure of the hydraulic system, namely the outer piston 5 moves to drive the static shaft shoulder system to move, and the purpose of controlling the axial displacement of the stirring pin 1 in real time is achieved.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the second embodiment, the number of the bearing groups 8 is 2, the bearing groups 8 are respectively arranged from top to bottom along the rotating shaft 7, the number of the bearings of the bearing group 8 positioned at the upper part of the rotating shaft 7 is 2, and the number of the bearings of the bearing group 8 positioned at the lower part of the rotating shaft 7 is 4.
The bearing adopts an angular contact bearing.
An outer space ring 13 and an inner space ring 14 are sequentially arranged between adjacent bearings from outside to inside, and a tight locking nut 9 for fixing the bearings is arranged at the rear end of the bearing at the tail end.
Example four
On the basis of the third embodiment, the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer piston 5 through an inner hexagon screw, and the inner diameter of the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cutter handle 10, so that the cutter handle 10 can be detached and replaced on the premise of not detaching the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4.
The shaft shoulder transition ring 3 is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4 through an inner hexagon screw, the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 adopts a hollow conical structure, the inner diameter of a large opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 is the same as that of the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4, and the inner diameter of a small opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 is larger than the outer diameter of a part of the tool shank 10 for clamping the stirring needle 1.
Four through holes are uniformly formed in the side face of the shaft shoulder transition ring 3, and the through holes and the jackscrew holes in the side edge of the tool shank 10 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, so that the stirring pin 1 can be installed and replaced on the premise that the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 is not detached.
The static shaft shoulder 2 is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 through an inner hexagon screw.
The clamping part of the stirring needle 1 is provided with four symmetrical planes along the axial direction, the planes correspond to the jackscrew holes one by one, the stirring needle 1 is connected with the knife handle 10 through the jackscrew, and the jackscrew penetrates through the through hole and the jackscrew hole, so that the installation and the replacement of the stirring needle 1 can be realized by only disassembling the static shaft shoulder 2, and the purposes of disassembling the shaft shoulder transition ring 3 and the shaft shoulder fixing ring 4 are not needed.
During the use, at first fixed with the pin mixer through the jackscrew on the handle of a knife, then, static shaft shoulder passes through hexagon socket head cap screw and is connected with shaft shoulder transition ring, and among the welding process, the pin mixer adopts displacement control: and a displacement sensor is arranged on the friction stir welding equipment, the displacement sensor detects the change of the thickness of the welding line in real time in the moving process and transmits the change of the thickness of the welding line to a control system in real time, the control system adjusts the axial position of the stirring pin in real time, the proper penetration depth of the stirring pin in a plate to be welded is kept, and the axial displacement control of the stirring pin is realized. Secondly when welding operating mode changes and leads to the pressure between the shaft shoulder and the test panel of waiting to weld to take place undulant, because the shaft shoulder will keep invariable pressure output, need to have pressure measurement device, pressure sensor is a mode of measuring shaft shoulder pressure, it is high to adopt pressure sensor to measure shaft shoulder pressure value accuracy, pressure sensor sets up in the shaft shoulder transition ring, the pressure value that detects the shaft shoulder through pressure sensor changes and feeds back the result to control system, control system passes through hydraulic system's the hydraulic pressure in the income hydraulic fluid port adjustment oil chamber, realize hydraulic system to the invariable pressure output of static shaft shoulder, thereby realize that static shaft shoulder exerts the purpose of permanent inferior calendar to the workpiece surface.
The invention has been described above by way of example, and it should be noted that any simple variants, modifications or other equivalent substitutions by a person skilled in the art without spending creative effort may fall within the scope of protection of the present invention without departing from the core of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device is characterized in that: comprises a clamping system, a hydraulic system and a static shaft shoulder system,
the clamping system comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, a tool shank and a stirring pin, wherein the shell is of a hollow structure, the rotating shaft is arranged in the shell through a bearing group, and the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the head end of the stirring pin through the tool shank;
the hydraulic system comprises an outer piston, an oil cavity and an oil seal cover, wherein the outer piston is movably arranged at the lower part of the shell, the outer piston moves up and down along the axial direction of the shell, the oil seal cover is fixedly connected with the tail end of the shell, the oil seal cover adopts a hollow structure, the oil cavity is formed among the outer piston, the shell and the oil seal cover, and the oil cavity is used for adjusting the axial displacement of the outer piston;
the static shaft shoulder system comprises a static shaft shoulder, a shaft shoulder transition ring and a shaft shoulder fixing ring, the shaft shoulder fixing ring is fixedly connected with the tail end of the outer piston, the static shaft shoulder system is driven to move in the axial direction through the up-and-down movement of the outer piston so as to achieve the purpose that the static shaft shoulder system applies constant pressure to a workpiece to be welded, the shaft shoulder transition ring is connected with the static shaft shoulder through the shaft shoulder fixing ring, and the stirring needle penetrates through the static shaft shoulder and extends out of the static shaft shoulder.
2. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 1, wherein: the main shaft head device further comprises a support frame and a displacement sensor, the head end of the support frame is fixedly connected with the outer side of the shell, the tail end of the support frame is connected with the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor is used for detecting the plate thickness change of a workpiece to be welded in real time and adjusting and sending data to a control system in real time, the control system controls a hydraulic system to adjust the output pressure of the hydraulic system, and therefore the outer piston moves to drive a static shaft shoulder system to move, and the purpose of real-time control of the axial displacement of the stirring pin is achieved.
3. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 2, wherein: the quantity of bearing group is 2 groups, the bearing group is followed respectively the pivot is from top to bottom set up according to the group, and the bearing quantity of the bearing group that is located pivot upper portion is 2, and the bearing quantity of the bearing group that is located the pivot lower part is 4.
4. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 3, wherein: the bearing adopts an angular contact bearing.
5. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 4, wherein: an outer spacing ring and an inner spacing ring are sequentially arranged between the adjacent bearings from outside to inside, and a tight locking nut for fixing the bearing is arranged at the rear end of the bearing at the tail end.
6. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 1, wherein: the shaft shoulder fixing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer piston through an inner hexagon screw, and the inner diameter of the shaft shoulder fixing ring is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cutter handle, so that the cutter handle can be detached and replaced on the premise of not detaching the shaft shoulder fixing ring.
7. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 6, wherein: the shaft shoulder transition ring is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder fixing ring through an inner hexagon screw, the shaft shoulder transition ring is of a hollow conical structure, the inner diameter of a large opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring is the same as that of the shaft shoulder fixing ring, and the inner diameter of a small opening of the shaft shoulder transition ring is larger than the outer diameter of a part of the tool shank for clamping the stirring needle.
8. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 7, wherein: four through holes are uniformly formed in the side face of the shaft shoulder transition ring, and the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the jackscrew holes in the side edge of the tool holder, so that the stirring pin can be installed and replaced on the premise of not disassembling the shaft shoulder transition ring.
9. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 8, wherein: the static shaft shoulder is fixedly connected with the shaft shoulder transition ring through an inner hexagon screw.
10. The pressure-displacement cooperative control static shoulder friction stir welding spindle head assembly of claim 9, wherein: the clamping part of the stirring pin is provided with four symmetrical planes along the axial direction, the planes correspond to the jackscrew holes one by one, the stirring pin is connected with the knife handle through the jackscrew, the jackscrew penetrates through the through hole and the jackscrew holes, and therefore the purposes that only a static shaft shoulder is required to be detached for installation and replacement of the stirring pin, and the shaft shoulder transition ring and the shaft shoulder fixing ring are not required to be detached are achieved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020491400.8U CN212144955U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020491400.8U CN212144955U (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding spindle head device |
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| CN212144955U true CN212144955U (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114012242A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Double-shaft-shoulder stirring head with self-adaptive adjustment of shaft shoulder distance and welding method |
| CN115007997A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-06 | 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 | Inside degree of depth friction stir welding system of thick sheet material |
-
2020
- 2020-04-07 CN CN202020491400.8U patent/CN212144955U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114012242A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-08 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Double-shaft-shoulder stirring head with self-adaptive adjustment of shaft shoulder distance and welding method |
| CN115007997A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-09-06 | 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 | Inside degree of depth friction stir welding system of thick sheet material |
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