CN211404744U - Strong coupling frequency selection surface structure insensitive to incident electromagnetic wave full angle - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种对入射电磁波全角不敏感的强耦合频率选择表面结构。包括多个紧密排列周期单元结构，每个周期单元结构包括顶底层金属贴片、介质板以及上下半金属过孔组成；顶底层金属贴片分别贴于介质板上下表面，并以介质板中心立体对称；顶底层金属贴片均包括圆形贴片和矩形贴片连接而成；圆形贴片布置于介质板表面的中心处，半金属过孔位于介质板表面上/下边沿的中间，圆形贴片和半金属过孔之间通过矩形贴片连接。本实用新型适用于超小型化、超薄结构以及宽入射角稳定的频率选择表面设计，其单元尺寸与厚度极小，谐振频率在0～88°的入射角度范围内稳定不变。
The utility model discloses a strong coupling frequency selective surface structure which is insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic waves. It includes a plurality of closely arranged periodic unit structures. Each periodic unit structure includes a top and bottom layer metal patch, a dielectric plate, and upper and lower half-metal vias; Symmetrical; the top and bottom metal patches are connected by circular and rectangular patches; the circular patch is arranged at the center of the surface of the dielectric board, the semi-metal via is located in the middle of the upper/lower edge of the dielectric board surface, the circular The connection between the shaped patch and the semi-metal via is made by a rectangular patch. The utility model is suitable for ultra-miniaturized, ultra-thin structure and stable frequency selection surface design with wide incident angle, the unit size and thickness are extremely small, and the resonant frequency is stable in the incident angle range of 0-88°.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及超表面技术领域，特别是涉及了一种对入射电磁波全角不敏感的强耦合频率选择表面结构，可应用于超小型化、超薄结构以及宽入射角稳定的频率选择表面设计。The utility model relates to the technical field of metasurfaces, in particular to a strong coupling frequency selective surface structure insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic waves, which can be applied to the design of ultraminiaturized, ultrathin structures and stable frequency selective surfaces with a wide incident angle.
背景技术Background technique
频率选择表面FSS(Frequency selective surfaces)，又称为空间滤波器，通常由二维周期结构组成。对特定频率下的入射电磁波有透射、反射或者吸收的功能，因此广泛的应用在高性能天线罩雷达罩、天线反射板、空间电磁干扰屏蔽和吸收体、电磁隐身的设计中。Frequency selective surfaces (FSS), also known as spatial filters, are usually composed of two-dimensional periodic structures. It has the function of transmitting, reflecting or absorbing the incident electromagnetic wave at a specific frequency, so it is widely used in the design of high-performance radome radome, antenna reflector, space electromagnetic interference shielding and absorber, and electromagnetic stealth.
过去二十多年，大量专家学者对频率选择表面进行了深入研究，由简单的单阶谐振结构，到结构复杂的多阶宽带宽、可调功能实现，再到工作带边沿陡降性研究，都取得了众多技术突破。但是，众多的研究是基于电磁波垂直入射的情况下进行的。随着通信技术的高速发展，实际应用需要基于FSS设计的功能器件对入射角度不敏感，才能保证所属***的高性能工作。然而FSS结构往往对入射角度很敏感，随着入射角度的改变，FSS的工作频率将会发生偏移，造成***性能的下降，使得如何提高频率选择表面的角度性能成为一大挑战。此外，随着通信向高频高速、芯片封装等功能器件向高集成度方向的发展，传统基于波动物理谐振的频率选择表面结构尺寸需要同工作频率波长相比拟，造成结构庞大不利于工程实现以及***小型化的需求，这使得可应用于芯片封装等狭小空间内的超小型化超薄FSS结构成为另一大挑战。因此，如何设计一种对入射电磁波全角不敏感的超小型化、超薄FSS结构对于新一代移动通信技术的发展是至关重要的。Over the past two decades, a large number of experts and scholars have conducted in-depth research on frequency selective surfaces, from simple single-order resonant structures to complex multi-order wide-bandwidth and adjustable function implementations, and then to the research on the edge drop of the working band. Many technological breakthroughs have been made. However, many researches are carried out based on the case of electromagnetic wave vertical incidence. With the rapid development of communication technology, the practical application requires that the functional devices designed based on FSS are not sensitive to the incident angle, so as to ensure the high-performance work of the system. However, the FSS structure is often very sensitive to the incident angle. With the change of the incident angle, the operating frequency of the FSS will shift, resulting in the degradation of the system performance, making it a challenge to improve the angular performance of the frequency selective surface. In addition, with the development of high-frequency and high-speed communication, chip packaging and other functional devices to high integration, the size of the traditional frequency-selective surface structure based on wave physical resonance needs to be compared with the wavelength of the operating frequency, resulting in a huge structure, which is not conducive to engineering implementation and The demand for system miniaturization makes the ultra-miniaturized and ultra-thin FSS structure that can be applied in small spaces such as chip packaging another major challenge. Therefore, how to design an ultra-miniaturized and ultra-thin FSS structure that is insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic waves is crucial for the development of a new generation of mobile communication technologies.
实用新型内容Utility model content
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本实用新型提供了一种对入射电磁波全角不敏感的强耦合频率选择表面结构，充分利用结构层间强电耦合，实现结构极高的小型化程度，实现结构谐振频率对入射电磁波的完全不敏感。本实用新型适用于超小型化、超薄结构以及宽入射角稳定的频率选择表面设计，其单元尺寸与厚度极小，谐振频率在0～88°的入射角度范围内稳定不变。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a strong coupling frequency selective surface structure that is insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic waves. The resonant frequency is completely insensitive to incident electromagnetic waves. The utility model is suitable for ultra-miniaturized, ultra-thin structure and stable frequency selection surface design with wide incident angle, the unit size and thickness are extremely small, and the resonant frequency is stable in the incident angle range of 0-88°.
本实用新型解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted by the present utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:
所述频率选择表面结构包括多个紧密排列的周期单元结构，每个周期单元结构主要由一层介质层和两层金属层以及连接两层金属层的金属过孔组成，其中两层金属层分别贴于介质层两表面；所述周期单元结构包括顶层金属贴片P1、介质板D0和底层金属贴片P2，以及连接顶层金属贴片P1和底层金属贴片P2之间的上下半金属过孔V1和V2组成；顶层金属贴片P1贴于介质板D0上表面，底层金属贴片P2贴于介质板D0下表面，底层金属贴片P2为顶层金属贴片P1以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心的立体对称布置；所述顶层金属贴片P1主要由顶圆形贴片A1和顶矩形贴片B1连接而成；顶圆形贴片A1布置于介质板D0上表面的中心处，下半金属过孔V1位于介质板D0上表面下边沿的中间，顶圆形贴片A1和下半金属过孔V1之间通过顶矩形贴片B1连接；所述底层金属贴片P2主要由底圆形贴片A2和底矩形贴片B2连接而成；底圆形贴片A2布置于介质板D0下表面的中心处，上半金属过孔V0位于介质板D0下表面上边沿的中间，底圆形贴片A2和上半金属过孔V2之间通过底矩形贴片B2连接。The frequency selective surface structure includes a plurality of closely arranged periodic unit structures, each periodic unit structure is mainly composed of a dielectric layer, two metal layers, and metal vias connecting the two metal layers, wherein the two metal layers are respectively It is attached to both surfaces of the dielectric layer; the periodic unit structure includes a top metal patch P 1 , a dielectric plate D 0 and a bottom metal patch P 2 , and a connection between the top metal patch P 1 and the bottom metal patch P 2 The upper and lower half metal vias V 1 and V 2 are composed; the top metal patch P 1 is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the bottom metal patch P 2 is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric board D 0 , and the bottom metal patch P 2 is the top layer The metal patches P 1 are arranged in a three-dimensional symmetry with the three-dimensional geometric center of the dielectric board D 0 as the center; the top metal patches P 1 are mainly formed by connecting the top circular patch A 1 and the top rectangular patch B 1 ; The circular patch A 1 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the lower half-metal via V 1 is located in the middle of the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the top circular patch A 1 and the lower half-metal via V1 is connected by the top rectangular patch B1 ; the bottom metal patch P2 is mainly formed by connecting the bottom circular patch A2 and the bottom rectangular patch B2 ; the bottom circular patch A2 is arranged on the At the center of the lower surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the upper half metal via V 0 is located in the middle of the upper edge of the lower surface of the dielectric board D 0 , and the bottom circular patch A 2 and the upper half metal via hole V 2 pass through the bottom rectangular patch. slice B2 is connected.
所述顶圆形贴片A1和底圆形贴片A2圆形大小相同。 The top circular patch A1 and the bottom circular patch A2 have the same circular size.
所述的顶矩形贴片B1和底矩形贴片B2以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心立体对称，下半金属过孔V1位置和上半金属过孔V2位置以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心立体对称。 The top rectangular patch B1 and the bottom rectangular patch B2 are three -dimensionally symmetrical with the three - dimensional geometric center of the dielectric board D0 as the center. The solid geometric center of D 0 is centrally symmetrical.
频率选择表面结构中，同一列的多个周期单元结构相连接，同一列的多个周期单元结构的顶矩形贴片B1和底矩形贴片B2均平行布置，使得相邻两个周期单元结构中，位于上侧的周期单元结构的下半金属过孔V1和位于下侧的周期单元结构的上半金属过孔V2对接拼成完成的一个圆形过孔，使得位于上侧的周期单元结构的顶矩形贴片B1和位于下侧的周期单元结构的底矩形贴片B2通过圆形过孔连接。In the frequency selective surface structure, a plurality of periodic cell structures in the same column are connected, and the top rectangular patch B 1 and the bottom rectangular patch B 2 of the plurality of periodic cell structures in the same column are arranged in parallel, so that two adjacent periodic cells are arranged in parallel. In the structure, the lower half-metal via V 1 of the periodic unit structure on the upper side and the upper half-metal via V 2 of the periodic unit structure on the lower side are butt-jointed to form a circular via hole, so that the The top rectangular patch B 1 of the periodic cell structure and the bottom rectangular patch B 2 of the periodic cell structure located on the lower side are connected by circular vias.
所述的介质板D0采用Rogers RT5880板材，介电常数为2.2，介质损耗角正切值为0.0009。The dielectric plate D 0 is made of Rogers RT5880 plate, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the dielectric loss tangent value is 0.0009.
所述的入射于所述频率选择表面结构的电磁波频率为1GHz-5GHz。The frequency of the electromagnetic wave incident on the frequency selective surface structure is 1GHz-5GHz.
入射于所述频率选择表面结构的电磁波角度在±88°范围内变化时，传输零点始终保持在2.35GHz不变。When the angle of the electromagnetic wave incident on the frequency selective surface structure is changed in the range of ±88 ° , the transmission zero point remains unchanged at 2.35GHz.
应用于对角度不敏感天线罩、雷达罩以及全角稳定吸收体，在现代通信、雷达及军事国防等领域应用价值巨大。It is applied to angle-insensitive radomes, radomes and full-angle stable absorbers, and has great application value in the fields of modern communications, radar, and military defense.
本实用新型是一个反射型FSS，当自由空间中电磁波入射到所述频率选择表面结构，会对特定入射频率的电磁波产生选择特性，使得工作频段的电磁波信号全部反射，而带外信号可以通过所述频率选择表面结构，同时结构谐振频率对入射角度完全不敏感。The utility model is a reflection type FSS. When the electromagnetic wave in the free space is incident on the frequency selective surface structure, the electromagnetic wave of a specific incident frequency will have a selective characteristic, so that the electromagnetic wave signal in the working frequency band is all reflected, and the out-of-band signal can pass through all the The above-mentioned frequency selects the surface structure, while the resonant frequency of the structure is completely insensitive to the angle of incidence.
本实用新型适用于超小型化、超薄结构以及宽入射角稳定的频率选择表面设计，其单元尺寸与厚度极小，谐振频率在0～88°的入射角度范围内稳定不变。可以很好的应用在角度不敏感天线罩、雷达罩以及全角稳定吸收体的设计中，在现代通信、雷达及军事国防等领域应用价值巨大。The utility model is suitable for ultra-miniaturized, ultra-thin structure and stable frequency selection surface design with wide incident angle, the unit size and thickness are extremely small, and the resonant frequency is stable in the incident angle range of 0-88°. It can be well used in the design of angle-insensitive radomes, radomes and full-angle stable absorbers, and has great application value in the fields of modern communications, radar and military defense.
本实用新型的天线罩工作原理如下：The working principle of the radome of the present invention is as follows:
当空间中电磁波以不同的角度θ到达结构表面时，会在结构上激励其不一样的模式，使得在不同入射角度下结构的等效参数发生变化，从而使得结构的性能发生改变，为了克服入射角度问题，本实用新型提出强耦合频率选择表面的设计概念来提高FSS结构的角度稳定性能；When electromagnetic waves in space arrive at the surface of the structure at different angles θ, different modes of the structure will be excited, so that the equivalent parameters of the structure will change under different incident angles, so that the performance of the structure will change. In order to overcome the incident angle In view of the angle problem, the present invention proposes the design concept of the strong coupling frequency selective surface to improve the angle stability performance of the FSS structure;
本实用新型提出了强耦合频率选择表面的设计概念，在单元结构的几何中心处，顶层与底层金属分别分布着圆形贴片A1和A2，又由于本设计采用一层很薄的介质层，因此，顶层与底层所对应的圆形金属之间存在很强的耦合作用，将电场始终束缚在两个圆片中间，从而形成强耦合电容，在斜入射时，该强耦合也不会被入射的电磁波所改变，始终保持稳定模式，故而所提出强耦合频率选择表面具有很好的角度稳定性能。The utility model proposes the design concept of the strong coupling frequency selective surface. At the geometric center of the unit structure, the top and bottom metal are respectively distributed with circular patches A 1 and A 2 , and because the design uses a thin layer of dielectric Therefore, there is a strong coupling effect between the top layer and the circular metal corresponding to the bottom layer, and the electric field is always bound between the two discs, thus forming a strong coupling capacitance. Changed by the incident electromagnetic wave, it always maintains a stable mode, so the proposed strong coupling frequency selective surface has good angular stability performance.
如图6所示，在谐振频率2.35GHz下介质中间处的电场分布，可以发现电场被完全束缚在顶层圆形贴片A1和底层圆形贴片A2间，从等效电路的角度出发，其可以等效为大电容Cs。As shown in Figure 6, the electric field distribution in the middle of the medium at the resonant frequency of 2.35GHz, it can be found that the electric field is completely bound between the top circular patch A 1 and the bottom circular patch A 2 , from the perspective of the equivalent circuit , which can be equivalent to a large capacitance Cs.
在频率选择表面结构的谐振频率2.35GHz下的结构电流分布如图7所示，电流主要集中在上下两层矩形贴片B1和B2，以及连接上下两层的金属过孔上。因此，矩形金属贴片可以视为电感L0，同样金属过孔也等效为电感Lv。所提出的结构的等效电路模型如图2所示，电感L0和Lv可以等效为一个电感Ls，电感Ls和耦合电容Cs组成LC串联谐振电路，从而在谐振频率
连接上下两层矩形贴片的金属过孔V1和V2对角度稳定性非常重要，如果没有该金属过孔，结构谐振的原理属于波动物理，谐振的产生主要受到结构点尺寸长度的影响，将会对入射角度特别敏感；而金属过孔的存在，保证了结构始终处于电路物理，保证了结构的角度稳定性。The metal vias V 1 and V 2 connecting the upper and lower rectangular patches are very important for the angular stability. If there is no metal via, the principle of structural resonance belongs to wave physics, and the generation of resonance is mainly affected by the size and length of the structural point. It will be particularly sensitive to the incident angle; and the existence of metal vias ensures that the structure is always in circuit physics and ensures the angular stability of the structure.
本实用新型的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
本实用新型强耦合频率选择表面采用了层间的强耦合机制实现频率选择表面结构的超小型化设计，最终单元尺寸约为0.07λ，可以在狭小空间内可放置更多的单元，从而使得所制作板子更接近于无限周期结构，此外，该结构厚度极薄，减少了结构的整体重量，更加轻便，有利于***的小型化与集成设计，但该小型化程度仍适用于传统PCB工艺进行加工生产。The strong coupling frequency selective surface of the utility model adopts the strong coupling mechanism between layers to realize the ultra-miniaturized design of the frequency selective surface structure. The final unit size is about 0.07λ, and more units can be placed in a narrow space, so that all The production board is closer to an infinite periodic structure. In addition, the thickness of the structure is extremely thin, which reduces the overall weight of the structure and is lighter, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integrated design of the system, but the degree of miniaturization is still suitable for traditional PCB processing. Production.
本实用新型的结构可以等效为一个LC串联谐振电路，在谐振频率2.35GHz附近产生一个稳定阻带，其中-10dB抑制带宽达到2GHz(1.5GHz～3.5GHz)，对该频段内的入射电磁波有很好的抑制效果。The structure of the utility model can be equivalent to an LC series resonant circuit, which generates a stable stop band near the resonant frequency of 2.35 GHz, wherein the -10dB suppression bandwidth reaches 2 GHz (1.5 GHz to 3.5 GHz), and the incident electromagnetic wave in this frequency band has a Very good suppression effect.
本实用新型独特的结构设计，使得本实用新型具有极好的角度稳定性能，在±88°的入射角度范围内，其传输零点相当稳定，即使在接近90°时，谐振频率仍然稳定在2.35GHz处，实现了对入射电磁波的全角不敏感性。The unique structural design of the utility model enables the utility model to have excellent angular stability. Within the incident angle range of ±88 ° , its transmission zero point is quite stable, and even when it is close to 90°, the resonant frequency is still stable at 2.35GHz where full-angle insensitivity to incident electromagnetic waves is achieved.
的设计中有重大突破，在现代通信、雷达及军事国防等领域应用价值巨大。There are major breakthroughs in the design of the device, and the application value is huge in the fields of modern communication, radar and military defense.
本实用新型所提出的强耦合频率选择表面可广泛拓展于对角度不敏感的高性能天线罩、雷达罩以及全角稳定吸收体设计中，同时在FSS功能器件小型化、5G等现代通信、雷达及军事通信中具有极高的应用价值。The strong coupling frequency selection surface proposed by the present invention can be widely used in the design of high-performance radomes, radomes and full-angle stable absorbers that are not sensitive to angles. It has extremely high application value in military communication.
综合来说，本实用新型适用于超小型化、超薄结构以及宽入射角稳定的频率选择表面设计，其谐振频率能够在全角范围[0°～90°)内保持不变，突破了传统FSS结构对入射角度敏感的限制，给高性能FSS功能器件设计提供设计方案与理论指导。在现代通信、雷达及军事国防等领域应用价值巨大。In general, the utility model is suitable for ultra-miniaturized, ultra-thin structure and stable frequency selective surface design with wide incident angle, and its resonant frequency can remain unchanged in the full-angle range [0°～90°), breaking through the traditional FSS The structure is sensitive to the incident angle limit, which provides a design scheme and theoretical guidance for the design of high-performance FSS functional devices. It has great application value in the fields of modern communication, radar and military defense.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型实施例的天线罩三维结构图；1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a radome according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本实用新型单元结构三维视图及其对应的等效电路模型；2 is a three-dimensional view of the unit structure of the present utility model and its corresponding equivalent circuit model;
图3是本实用新型单元结构的主视图；Fig. 3 is the front view of the unit structure of the present utility model;
图4是本实用新型单元结构的顶层金属结构视图；Fig. 4 is the top metal structure view of the unit structure of the present utility model;
图5是本实用新型单元结构的底层金属结构视图；Fig. 5 is the bottom metal structure view of the unit structure of the present invention;
图6是本实用新型单元结构在2.35GHz时介质中电场分布视图；Fig. 6 is the electric field distribution view in the medium when the unit structure of the present utility model is 2.35GHz;
图7是本实用新型单元结构在2.35GHz时顶层金属结构中电流分布视图；7 is a current distribution view in the top metal structure of the unit structure of the present utility model at 2.35 GHz;
图8是本实用新型在入射电磁波多角度入射时的传输谱；Fig. 8 is the transmission spectrum of the present utility model when the incident electromagnetic wave is incident at multiple angles;
图9是本实用新型对应等效电路模型仿真结果同全波仿真结果对比图。FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of the simulation results of the equivalent circuit model corresponding to the present invention and the full-wave simulation results.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型进一步说明。The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，具体实施的频率选择表面结构包括多个紧密排列的周期单元结构，每个周期单元结构主要由一层介质层和两层金属层以及连接两层金属层的金属过孔组成，其中两层金属层分别贴于介质层两表面。As shown in FIG. 1 , the implemented frequency selective surface structure includes a plurality of closely arranged periodic cell structures, each of which is mainly composed of a dielectric layer, two metal layers, and metal vias connecting the two metal layers. , wherein the two metal layers are respectively attached to the two surfaces of the dielectric layer.
如图2和图3所示，周期单元结构包括顶层金属贴片P1、介质板D0和底层金属贴片P2，以及连接顶层金属贴片P1和底层金属贴片P2之间的上下半金属过孔V1和V2组成；顶层金属贴片P1贴于介质板D0上表面，底层金属贴片P2贴于介质板D0下表面，底层金属贴片P2为顶层金属贴片P1以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心的立体对称布置。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the periodic cell structure includes a top metal patch P 1 , a dielectric plate D 0 and a bottom metal patch P 2 , and a connection between the top metal patch P 1 and the bottom metal patch P 2 The upper and lower half metal vias V 1 and V 2 are composed; the top metal patch P 1 is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the bottom metal patch P 2 is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric board D 0 , and the bottom metal patch P 2 is the top layer The metal patches P 1 are arranged in a three-dimensional symmetry centered on the three-dimensional geometric center of the dielectric plate D 0 .
如图4所示，顶层金属贴片P1主要由顶圆形贴片A1和顶矩形贴片B1连接而成；顶圆形贴片A1布置于介质板D0上表面的中心处，下半金属过孔V1位于介质板D0上表面下边沿的中间，顶圆形贴片A1和下半金属过孔V1之间通过顶矩形贴片B1连接。如图5所示，底层金属贴片P2主要由底圆形贴片A2和底矩形贴片B2连接而成；底圆形贴片A2布置于介质板D0下表面的中心处，上半金属过孔V2位于介质板D0下表面上边沿的中间，底圆形贴片A2和上半金属过孔V2之间通过底矩形贴片B2连接。As shown in FIG. 4 , the top metal patch P1 is mainly formed by connecting a top circular patch A1 and a top rectangular patch B1 ; the top circular patch A1 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric board D0 , the lower half - metal via V1 is located in the middle of the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric board D0 , and the top circular patch A1 and the lower half - metal via V1 are connected through the top rectangular patch B1. As shown in FIG. 5 , the bottom metal patch P 2 is mainly formed by connecting a bottom circular patch A 2 and a bottom rectangular patch B 2 ; the bottom circular patch A 2 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the dielectric board D 0 , the upper half metal via hole V2 is located in the middle of the upper edge of the lower surface of the dielectric board D0 , and the bottom circular patch A2 and the upper half metal via hole V2 are connected through the bottom rectangular patch B2 .
如图2所示，顶圆形贴片A1和底圆形贴片A2圆形大小相同，顶矩形贴片B1和底矩形贴片B2以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心立体对称，下半金属过孔V1位置和上半金属过孔V2位置以介质板D0的立体几何中心为中心立体对称。As shown in Figure 2, the top circular patch A 1 and the bottom circular patch A 2 have the same circular size, and the top rectangular patch B 1 and the bottom rectangular patch B 2 are centered on the solid geometric center of the dielectric board D 0 Three-dimensional symmetry, the position of the lower half-metal via hole V 1 and the position of the upper half-metal via hole V 2 are three-dimensionally symmetrical with the three-dimensional geometric center of the dielectric board D 0 as the center.
频率选择表面结构中，同一行的多个周期单元结构不相连接，同一列的多个周期单元结构相连接，同一列的多个周期单元结构的顶矩形贴片B1和底矩形贴片B2均平行布置，使得相邻两个周期单元结构中，位于上侧的周期单元结构的下半金属过孔V1和位于下侧的周期单元结构的上半金属过孔V2对接拼成完成的一个圆形过孔，使得位于上侧的周期单元结构的顶矩形贴片B1和位于下侧的周期单元结构的底矩形贴片B2通过圆形过孔连接，这样顶层与底层金属通过结构边缘处的金属过孔连接，同一列的多个周期单元结构相连接后的上侧和下侧两端引出连接同一列的多个周期单元结构上下两侧的半金属过孔分别与其相邻单元结构的首尾半金属过孔相连接。In the frequency selective surface structure, the multiple periodic cell structures in the same row are not connected, the multiple periodic cell structures in the same column are connected, and the top rectangular patch B 1 and the bottom rectangular patch B of the multiple periodic cell structures in the same column 2 are arranged in parallel, so that in two adjacent periodic unit structures, the lower half-metal via V 1 of the periodic unit structure on the upper side and the upper half-metal via V 2 of the periodic unit structure on the lower side are butt-jointed to complete A circular via, so that the top rectangular patch B 1 of the periodic cell structure on the upper side and the bottom rectangular patch B 2 of the periodic cell structure on the lower side are connected by a circular via, so that the top layer and the bottom metal pass through The metal vias at the edge of the structure are connected, and the upper and lower ends of the multiple periodic unit structures in the same column are connected. The semi-metal vias on the upper and lower sides of the multiple periodic unit structures in the same column are respectively adjacent to it The head and tail half-metal vias of the cell structure are connected.
具体实施中，介质板D0采用Rogers RT5880板材，介电常数为2.2，介质损耗角正切值为0.0009。In a specific implementation, the dielectric plate D 0 is a Rogers RT5880 plate, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the dielectric loss tangent value is 0.0009.
本实用新型实施例以全角反射体为例，具体阐述本实用新型各个部分的实施方式及各个结构参数对于该模型性能的影响：The embodiment of the present utility model takes a full-angle reflector as an example, and specifically describes the implementation of each part of the present utility model and the influence of each structural parameter on the performance of the model:
如图1所示，实施例采用了20*20的周期单元阵列，本实用新型中单元周期为10mm，各部分结构尺寸如表1所示，在实际应用中可根据具体的设计目标进行相应尺寸的选择。当顶层圆形金属贴片A1与底层圆形金属贴片A2的相对面积增大时，会使得阻带向低频方向移动，这主要是由于A1和A2控制着强耦合电容的大小，当他们相对面积增大时，相应的电容Cs增大，从而使得谐振频率向低频移动；同样，当顶层金属贴片B1或者顶层金属贴片B2宽度增大时，阻带将会向高频方向移动，这主要是由于当B1或者B2宽度增大时，其等效电感会相应减小，使得传输零点增大。As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment adopts a 20*20 periodic cell array. In the present invention, the cell period is 10mm, and the structural dimensions of each part are shown in Table 1. In practical applications, corresponding dimensions can be made according to specific design goals. s Choice. When the relative area of the top circular metal patch A 1 and the bottom circular metal patch A 2 increases, the stopband will move to the low frequency direction, which is mainly because A 1 and A 2 control the size of the strong coupling capacitance , when their relative area increases, the corresponding capacitance C s increases, so that the resonant frequency moves to low frequencies; similarly, when the width of the top metal patch B 1 or the top metal patch B 2 increases, the stop band will be Moving to the high frequency direction, this is mainly because when the width of B 1 or B 2 increases, its equivalent inductance will decrease accordingly, making the transmission zero point increase.
此外，该结构的介质对频率选择表面性能有着很大的影响，因为介质的介电常数和介质厚度将会控制顶层和底层金属圆片间的耦合。当介电常数增大时，谐振频率将会向低频移动，同样的，当介质厚度增加时将会使得该耦合减弱，使得谐振频率向高频移动。介质的重要影响为频率选择表面性能的调节增加了一个重要参考点，使得目标结构设计更加灵活。In addition, the dielectric of the structure has a strong influence on the frequency selective surface performance, as the dielectric constant and dielectric thickness of the dielectric will control the coupling between the top and bottom metal wafers. When the dielectric constant increases, the resonant frequency will shift to low frequencies, and similarly, as the dielectric thickness increases, the coupling will weaken, causing the resonant frequency to shift to high frequencies. The important influence of the medium adds an important reference point for the tuning of frequency-selective surface properties, making the target structure design more flexible.
表1本实用新型结构各部分尺寸Table 1 Dimensions of each part of the structure of the utility model
本实用新型中介质板采用的Rogers RT5880板材，其周期单元尺寸为10mm。该板材的特点是其介质损耗非常小，因此对通带的***损耗影响更小一些。但是该板材的价格比较高，在实际的应用中可以根据既定目标，选择合适的介质种类进行设计。The Rogers RT5880 plate used for the medium plate in the utility model has a periodic unit size of 10mm. The characteristic of this sheet is that its dielectric loss is very small, so it has less influence on the insertion loss of the passband. However, the price of the plate is relatively high, and in practical applications, the appropriate medium type can be selected for design according to the established target.
强耦合频率选择表面是本实用新型的设计与方法创新。传统频率选择表面的设计主要考虑同一层内结构间的耦合，与传统的设计不同，本实用新型提出的强耦合频率选择表面除了考虑同一层的耦合，同时引入不同层间结构的耦合，该耦合的强度受到结构相对面积以及介质介电常数、厚度等参数的影响，使得结构的调整增加了更多的维度，使得结构的设计更加灵活。此外，引入的层间的强耦合对结构的小型化设计非常有利，可以使得结构小型化程度极小，使得结构对入射角度不敏感，进而实现全角稳定的结构设计。介质厚度越薄，越有利于结构的小型化设计，使得结构横向小型化的同时，在纵向也实现超薄的设计。表2具体描述了金属圆形贴片半径以及介电常数、介质厚度对传输性能的影响。The strongly coupled frequency selective surface is a design and method innovation of the present invention. The design of the traditional frequency selective surface mainly considers the coupling between the structures in the same layer. Different from the traditional design, the strong coupling frequency selective surface proposed by the present utility model not only considers the coupling of the same layer, but also introduces the coupling of different interlayer structures. The strength of the structure is affected by the relative area of the structure and parameters such as dielectric constant and thickness of the medium, which makes the adjustment of the structure add more dimensions and makes the design of the structure more flexible. In addition, the introduced strong coupling between layers is very beneficial to the miniaturized design of the structure, which can make the structure miniaturized to an extremely small degree, making the structure insensitive to the incident angle, and thus achieve a full-angle stable structure design. The thinner the thickness of the medium, the more conducive to the miniaturization design of the structure, so that the structure can be miniaturized in the horizontal direction, and the ultra-thin design in the vertical direction can also be realized. Table 2 specifically describes the radius of the metal circular patch and the influence of the dielectric constant and the thickness of the medium on the transmission performance.
表2金属圆形贴片半径以及介电常数、介质厚度对传输性能的影响Table 2 The influence of metal circular patch radius, dielectric constant and dielectric thickness on transmission performance
本实施例在电磁波多角度入射时的传输谱如图8所示，可以发现在入射角度在全角范围内[0°～90°)，其谐振频率始终保持在2.35GHz，实现了对全入射角的不敏感设计。同时图9描述了等效电路模型仿真结果同全波仿真结果的对比，传统FSS结构设计中，等效电路模型只能模拟垂直入射的传输性能，可以发现，本实用新型中等效电路除了对垂直入射情况的等效，在多角度入射时的等效结果同全部仿真结果也完全吻合，充分验证了所提出强耦合频率选择表面的理论分析。The transmission spectrum of this embodiment when the electromagnetic wave is incident at multiple angles is shown in Figure 8. It can be found that when the incident angle is in the full-angle range [0°～90°), the resonant frequency is always kept at 2.35GHz, and the full incident angle is realized. insensitive design. At the same time, Fig. 9 depicts the comparison between the simulation results of the equivalent circuit model and the full-wave simulation results. In the traditional FSS structure design, the equivalent circuit model can only simulate the transmission performance of vertical incidence. The equivalent of the incident case, the equivalent results of the multi-angle incident are also completely consistent with all the simulation results, which fully verifies the theoretical analysis of the proposed strongly coupled frequency selective surface.
因此，本实用新型实现了超小型化超薄的对入射电磁波全角度不敏感的频率选择表面结构设计。Therefore, the utility model realizes the ultra-miniaturized and ultra-thin frequency selective surface structure design that is insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic waves.
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| CN112255603A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 济南浪潮高新科技投资发展有限公司 | Multi-band double-layer FSS design based on Jaumann screen |
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| CN110994188B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2024-11-26 | 海宁利伊电子科技有限公司 | Strongly coupled frequency selective surface structure insensitive to the full angle of incident electromagnetic wave |
| CN112255603A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 济南浪潮高新科技投资发展有限公司 | Multi-band double-layer FSS design based on Jaumann screen |
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