CN211336398U - A system for refrigerated containers to utilize cold energy of ship LNG - Google Patents
A system for refrigerated containers to utilize cold energy of ship LNG Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于船舶技术领域，涉及一种LNG动力船舶利用LNG冷能的冷藏箱***。The utility model belongs to the technical field of ships, and relates to a refrigerated box system for utilizing LNG cold energy for LNG powered ships.
背景技术Background technique
国际海事组织(IMO)发布的“全球限硫令”即将来临，规定：自2020年起，全球范围内所有船舶燃油含硫量需从3.5％下降到0.5％。因此，船舶实现节能减排和寻求新的可替代能源已成为航运界迫在眉睫的首要任务。The "Global Sulfur Limit" issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is approaching, stipulating that from 2020, the sulfur content of all ships worldwide must be reduced from 3.5% to 0.5%. Therefore, the realization of energy saving and emission reduction of ships and the search for new alternative energy sources have become the urgent and primary tasks of the shipping industry.
液化天然气(LNG)具有低温、气液膨胀比大、能效高、易于运输和储存等优点，LNG目前被公认是污染最少的矿石燃料，若是作为燃油的替代品，可以通过限制排放污染来减少温室气体排放，从而改善空气质量。由此，LNG动力船(以LNG为燃料的船舶)与现有的燃油动力船相比更加环保。Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has the advantages of low temperature, large gas-liquid expansion ratio, high energy efficiency, easy transportation and storage, etc. LNG is currently recognized as the least polluting fossil fuel. If it is used as a substitute for fuel oil, it can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by limiting emissions. air emissions, thereby improving air quality. As a result, LNG powered ships (ships fueled by LNG) are more environmentally friendly than existing fuel powered ships.
随着世界集装箱运输市场竞争的日益激烈，为提高集装箱的运输效率和规模经济效益，集装箱船正日趋大型化，加之集装箱船对航速的要求较高，所以船舶的功率非常高，集装箱船每天的燃油消耗量特别大，船舶排放污染比较严重，若是以LNG作为燃料节能减排的作用更为明显，因此，新造的LNG动力集装箱船越来越多。With the increasingly fierce competition in the world container transportation market, in order to improve the transportation efficiency and economies of scale of containers, container ships are becoming larger and larger. In addition, container ships have higher requirements for speed, so the power of the ships is very high. The fuel consumption is particularly large, and the pollution of ships is relatively serious. If LNG is used as a fuel, the effect of energy saving and emission reduction is more obvious. Therefore, more and more LNG-powered container ships are newly built.
LNG是一种低温液体，一般储存温度为-163℃，在LNG燃料动力船上，LNG被送去船舶主动力装置燃烧之前，需先气化并加热到20℃至45℃左右使用，LNG在气化过程中释放出很大的冷量，再加上现在的集装箱船大型化的趋势，有些船舶每天甚至可以消耗100多吨LNG，因此，在此类船舶上有大量的LNG冷能可以利用。LNG is a cryogenic liquid with a general storage temperature of -163°C. On LNG fuel powered ships, LNG needs to be gasified and heated to around 20°C to 45°C before being sent to the main power plant for combustion. The large amount of cold energy is released in the process of liquefaction. Coupled with the current trend of large-scale container ships, some ships can even consume more than 100 tons of LNG per day. Therefore, a large amount of LNG cold energy can be used on such ships.
专利号为CN 209176893 U公开了一种基于LNG冷能的船舶冷库与空调***；专利号为 CN 01569239 U公开了一种利用液化天然气冷能制冷的冷库运行装置；专利号为CN105444309 A公开了一种LNG船用空调及冷库***；专利号为CN 208520077 U公开了一种利用LNG冷能的船舶冷库与空调控制***；专利号为CN 105444309 A的中国专利中公开的一种LNG船用空调及冷库***，将LNG冷能用于冷库与空调的制冷，实现了对LNG冷能的梯级利用。Patent No. CN 209176893 U discloses a ship cold storage and air-conditioning system based on LNG cold energy; Patent No. CN 01569239 U discloses a cold storage operation device utilizing liquefied natural gas cold energy for refrigeration; Patent No. CN105444309 A discloses a A kind of LNG marine air conditioner and cold storage system; Patent No. CN 208520077 U discloses a ship cold storage and air conditioning control system utilizing LNG cold energy; Patent No. CN 105444309 A A kind of LNG marine air conditioner and cold storage system disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN 105444309 A , the LNG cold energy is used for the refrigeration of cold storage and air conditioners, and the cascade utilization of LNG cold energy is realized.
上述这些专利都是将LNG冷能用于船舶冷库和空调***中，实现了LNG冷能的利用，对节能减排有一定的好处，但是控制***设计较为简单，***所回收利用的冷能太少，***功率小则只有几千瓦，大则不过20～30千瓦左右，所以仍有大量的LNG冷能未被利用。另外，冷库和空调属于相对固定的***，设计起来相对容易。若是将LNG冷能大量利用起来，并且应用在移动式的制冷设备上，这种设计方法将会有更好的实际意义。The above-mentioned patents all use LNG cold energy in ship cold storage and air conditioning system, realizing the utilization of LNG cold energy, which has certain benefits for energy saving and emission reduction, but the design of the control system is relatively simple, and the cold energy recovered by the system is too large. If the system power is small, it is only a few kilowatts, and if it is large, it is only about 20 to 30 kilowatts, so there is still a large amount of LNG cold energy that is not used. In addition, cold storage and air conditioning are relatively fixed systems and are relatively easy to design. If a large amount of LNG cold energy is utilized and applied to mobile refrigeration equipment, this design method will have better practical significance.
目前，集装箱船所载运的集装箱一般有两种，一种是普通集装箱，另一种是冷藏集装箱，其中冷藏集装箱自带制冷机组，需要消耗电力进行制冷，在海上航行时，冷藏集装箱需要消耗船舶电力，加之现在的集装箱船载箱量非常大，其中大型LNG动力集装箱船装载的冷藏集装箱数量能达到上千个TEU(TEU，标准集装箱)，因此造成船舶机舱电网的供电负荷能达到几千千瓦，甚至更大，大大增加了因供电的船舶燃料消耗和设备投资成本。若是将船舶LNG 燃料的冷能用于冷藏集装箱制冷，不仅能够降低LNG燃料气化过程中对热源的消耗，而且能够极大地降低船舶电网负荷，实现能量的合理利用，提高船舶的经济性。At present, there are generally two types of containers carried by container ships, one is an ordinary container, and the other is a refrigerated container. The refrigerated container has its own refrigeration unit, which needs to consume electricity for refrigeration. When sailing at sea, the refrigerated container needs to consume Ship power, coupled with the current container ship capacity is very large, the number of reefer containers loaded by large LNG-powered container ships can reach thousands of TEU (TEU, standard containers), so the power supply load of the ship's engine room power grid can reach several thousand Kilowatts, or even larger, greatly increase the ship's fuel consumption and equipment investment costs due to power supply. If the cold energy of ship's LNG fuel is used for refrigeration of refrigerated containers, it can not only reduce the consumption of heat source in the process of LNG fuel gasification, but also greatly reduce the load of the ship's power grid, realize the rational use of energy, and improve the economy of the ship.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是针对上述问题，提出一种冷藏集装箱利用船舶LNG冷能的***。该***主要包括冷藏箱冷能利用***、供给管路***和LNG燃料供给***。The purpose of this utility model is to solve the above problems, and propose a system for utilizing the cold energy of ship LNG for refrigerated containers. The system mainly includes a refrigeration box cold energy utilization system, a supply pipeline system and an LNG fuel supply system.
其中，冷藏箱冷能利用***主要包括：电磁阀(a)、温度继电器(b)、温包(c)、入口快速接头(d)、出口快速接头(f)和冷藏集装箱换热器(e)，此***的主要功能是将从 LNG燃料中置换出的冷能用于货物制冷。Among them, the refrigerated container cold energy utilization system mainly includes: solenoid valve (a), temperature relay (b), temperature bulb (c), inlet quick connector (d), outlet quick connector (f) and refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) ), the main function of this system is to use the cold energy displaced from the LNG fuel for cargo refrigeration.
供给管路***主要包括：第一循环泵(7)、供液管(8)、回液管(11)、回液管温包(12)管路***的主要作用是向冷藏箱集装箱输送冷媒A。The supply pipeline system mainly includes: the first circulating pump (7), the liquid supply pipe (8), the liquid return pipe (11), and the liquid return pipe warm bulb (12). The main function of the pipeline system is to transport the refrigerant to the reefer container A.
LNG燃料供给***主要包括：驳运泵(1)、LNG燃料舱(2)、增压泵(3)、温控三通阀(4)、第一换热器(5)及缸套水加热***。The LNG fuel supply system mainly includes: transfer pump (1), LNG fuel tank (2), booster pump (3), temperature control three-way valve (4), first heat exchanger (5) and cylinder jacket water heating system .
在供给管路***中充满50％的乙二醇水溶液作为冷媒A，用以在第一换热器(5)中与低温LNG进行热交换，热交换之后的乙二醇水溶液经供液管(8)进入冷藏箱冷能利用***的冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中，此时乙二醇水溶液的温度比集装箱中的温度低，所以会在冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中吸热，达到给冷藏集装箱内货物降温的目的，吸热之后的乙二醇水溶液经回液管(11)回到第一换热器(5)，就这样形成一个循环。The supply pipeline system is filled with 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution as refrigerant A for heat exchange with low-temperature LNG in the first heat exchanger (5). The ethylene glycol aqueous solution after heat exchange passes through the liquid supply pipe (5). 8) Enter the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) of the refrigerated container cold energy utilization system. At this time, the temperature of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution is lower than that in the container, so it will absorb heat in the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e). To achieve the purpose of cooling the goods in the refrigerated container, the ethylene glycol aqueous solution after heat absorption is returned to the first heat exchanger (5) through the liquid return pipe (11), thus forming a cycle.
所述LNG燃料供给***主要流程为：LNG经驳运泵(1)从LNG燃料舱(2)中输运出来，通过增压泵(3)往船舶主动力装置中输送。考虑温度条件，途经第一换热器(5)释放一部分冷能，然后再经过第二换热器(6)，第二循环泵(9)所在的循环管路中充满冷媒B 即40％的乙二醇水溶液，用于加热天然气，令其达到燃用所需温度20℃～45℃；或者是LNG 不经过第一换热器(5)，直接通过温控三通阀(4)的旁通回路通向第二换热器(6)。缸套水加热***中采用缸套水在第三换热器(10)中加热冷媒B，再用冷媒B加热天然气以达到天然气燃用所需温度，这是一个间接加热过程。不采用缸套水直接加热第二换热器(6)中的天然气的原因是：这种方法可以避免在极端情况下出现冷媒发生凝固阻塞管道的现象。The main process of the LNG fuel supply system is as follows: LNG is transported from the LNG fuel tank (2) through a transfer pump (1), and transported to the main power unit of the ship through a booster pump (3). Considering the temperature conditions, part of the cold energy is released through the first heat exchanger (5), and then through the second heat exchanger (6), the circulation pipeline where the second circulating pump (9) is located is filled with refrigerant B, that is, 40% of the Ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used to heat natural gas to reach the required temperature of 20°C to 45°C for combustion; or LNG directly passes through the side of the temperature control three-way valve (4) without passing through the first heat exchanger (5). The through loop leads to the second heat exchanger (6). In the cylinder jacket water heating system, the cylinder jacket water is used to heat the refrigerant B in the third heat exchanger (10), and then the refrigerant B is used to heat the natural gas to reach the temperature required for natural gas combustion, which is an indirect heating process. The reason why the natural gas in the second heat exchanger (6) is not directly heated by the jacket water is that this method can avoid the phenomenon that the refrigerant solidifies and blocks the pipeline in extreme cases.
在LNG动力船上，LNG经过驳运泵(1)从LNG燃料舱(2)中输送出来，一般需要通过一系列的步骤将其气化到20℃～45℃左右才能送进船舶主动力装置燃用。On the LNG powered ship, LNG is transported from the LNG fuel tank (2) through the transfer pump (1). Generally, it needs to be gasified to about 20°C to 45°C through a series of steps before it can be sent to the main power plant of the ship for burning. .
经增压泵(3)加压的LNG经过温控三通阀(4)，温控三通阀(4)与靠近第一换热器(5)的回液管(11)处设置的回液管温包(12)相连，可以根据温度的高低来控制温控三通阀(4)旁通管路的LNG的流量。当回液管(11)的温度低于-25℃，则温控三通阀(4)中通向LNG主管路的阀门关闭，同时，旁通管路的阀门开到最大，LNG不经第一换热器(5)，直接经旁通管道进入第二换热器(6)，这样可以避免管路中温度过低，达到冷媒A的凝固点，出现阻塞现象；当回液管的温度高于-23℃时，LNG可部分或全部经过第一换热器(5)。The LNG pressurized by the booster pump (3) passes through the temperature control three-way valve (4), the temperature control three-way valve (4) and the return pipe (11) near the first heat exchanger (5). The liquid pipe temperature bulb (12) is connected, and the flow rate of LNG in the bypass pipeline of the temperature control three-way valve (4) can be controlled according to the temperature. When the temperature of the liquid return pipe (11) is lower than -25°C, the valve leading to the LNG main pipe in the temperature control three-way valve (4) is closed, and at the same time, the valve of the bypass pipe is opened to the maximum, and the LNG does not pass through the first pipe. The first heat exchanger (5) directly enters the second heat exchanger (6) through the bypass pipe, which can prevent the temperature in the pipeline from being too low, reaching the freezing point of refrigerant A, and causing blockage; when the temperature of the liquid return pipe is high At -23°C, the LNG may partially or fully pass through the first heat exchanger (5).
LNG在第一换热器(5)处与供给管路***中的冷媒A即50％的乙二醇水溶液进行热交换，冷媒A吸收LNG释放的冷能，经供液管(8)进入供给管路***中，随后通过入口快速接头(d)进入冷藏箱冷能利用***中。At the first heat exchanger (5), the LNG exchanges heat with the refrigerant A in the supply pipeline system, that is, a 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution. The refrigerant A absorbs the cold energy released by the LNG and enters the supply through the liquid supply pipe (8). In the pipeline system, then enter the refrigerator cold energy utilization system through the inlet quick connector (d).
所述冷藏集装箱冷媒A进口处设有入口快速接头(d)、温度继电器(b)和电磁阀(a)，冷媒A出口处也设有出口快速接头(f)，从而实现对冷藏集装箱的温度控制。The inlet of the refrigerated container refrigerant A is provided with an inlet quick connector (d), a temperature relay (b) and a solenoid valve (a), and the outlet of the refrigerant A is also provided with an outlet quick connector (f), so as to realize the temperature change of the refrigerated container. control.
所述入口快速接头(d)和出口快速接头(f)在断开时，能够自动封闭管内液体，都不会在接头处泄漏液体。When the inlet quick connector (d) and the outlet quick connector (f) are disconnected, they can automatically seal the liquid in the pipe, and neither will leak liquid at the connector.
其中，所述冷藏集装箱在原有冷藏集装箱蒸发器处增加了一组换热盘管，即冷藏集装箱换热器(e)，当船舶在海上航行有LNG燃料消耗时，在第一循环泵(7)的作用下，冷媒A在第一换热器(5)中吸收LNG冷能，依次经供液管(8)、入口快速接头(d)和电磁阀(a) 进入冷藏集装箱，此时，冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中充满着吸收过LNG冷能的冷媒A，集装箱中原有的冷风机工作，冷媒A释放冷能用以制冷。Wherein, the refrigerated container adds a set of heat exchange coils at the original refrigerated container evaporator, namely the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e). Under the action of ), the refrigerant A absorbs the LNG cold energy in the first heat exchanger (5), and enters the refrigerated container through the liquid supply pipe (8), the inlet quick connector (d) and the solenoid valve (a) in turn. The refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) is filled with the refrigerant A that has absorbed the cold energy of the LNG. The original air cooler in the container works, and the refrigerant A releases the cold energy for cooling.
冷藏集装箱中设有用来感应温度的温包(c)，当集装箱内的温度达到需要的制冷温度的下限之后，信号会传到温度继电器(b)，进而控制电磁阀(a)关闭，同理，集装箱内的温度上升至上限时，温包(c)能够发出信号，传给温度继电器(b)，从而控制电磁阀(a)打开；当船舶停泊没有LNG燃料消耗时，该冷藏集装箱会像传统的制冷式集装箱一样靠消耗电力制冷。There is a temperature bulb (c) in the refrigerated container to sense the temperature. When the temperature in the container reaches the lower limit of the required refrigeration temperature, the signal will be transmitted to the temperature relay (b), and then the solenoid valve (a) will be controlled to close. Similarly , when the temperature in the container rises to the upper limit, the temperature bulb (c) can send a signal to the temperature relay (b), so as to control the solenoid valve (a) to open; when the ship is berthed without LNG fuel consumption, the reefer container will be as traditional as Refrigerated containers also rely on electricity consumption for refrigeration.
缸套水加热***是为了保证无论冷藏集装箱消耗LNG冷能多少时，总能使得天然气在进入船舶主动力装置燃烧之前能够达到所需要的温度，一般为20℃～45℃。The purpose of the jacket water heating system is to ensure that no matter how much LNG cold energy is consumed by the reefer container, the natural gas can always reach the required temperature before entering the main power unit of the ship for combustion, generally 20℃～45℃.
本实用新型的优点是：The advantages of the utility model are:
1.在集装箱船舶大型化的趋势下，冷藏集装箱数目较多，本实用新型不但可以最大程度地利用LNG燃料蕴藏的大量冷能，大幅度提高能量利用效率，而且节省了大量冷藏集装箱制冷所需要的电力，解决了集装箱船舶因冷藏箱电力消耗造成电网负荷过大的问题。1. Under the trend of large-scale container ships, the number of refrigerated containers is relatively large. The utility model can not only utilize a large amount of cold energy stored in LNG fuel to the greatest extent, greatly improve the energy utilization efficiency, but also save a large amount of refrigerated container refrigeration needs. It solves the problem of excessive grid load caused by the power consumption of reefer containers on container ships.
2.本实用新型所公开的一种冷藏集装箱利用船舶LNG冷能的***及方法，***连接方便，方法易于实现，工作效率高，更为重要的是，本实用新型解决了在船舶上LNG冷能直接应用于移动制冷设备的难题。2. The system and method for utilizing the cold energy of ship LNG for a refrigerated container disclosed by the present utility model has the advantages of convenient system connection, easy implementation of the method and high work efficiency. More importantly, the present utility model solves the problem of LNG cold energy on the ship It can be directly applied to the problem of mobile refrigeration equipment.
3.本实用新型中所提及的冷藏集装箱不仅仅能实现在LNG动力船舶之上对LNG冷能的有效利用，而且船舶在停泊没有LNG燃料的消耗时，仍然具有普通冷藏集装箱的功能，增加了冗余度，提高了冷藏集装箱制冷***的可靠性。3. The reefer container mentioned in the utility model can not only realize the effective utilization of LNG cold energy on the LNG powered ship, but also has the function of an ordinary reefer container when the ship is berthed without LNG fuel consumption. The redundancy is improved and the reliability of the refrigeration system of the refrigerated container is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为一种冷藏集装箱利用船舶LNG冷能的***图Figure 1 is a system diagram of a reefer container utilizing the cold energy of ship LNG
图2为冷藏集装箱利用LNG冷能示意图Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of refrigerated containers utilizing LNG cold energy
图3为冷藏集装箱换热器安装位置示意图Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the refrigerated container heat exchanger
图4为冷藏集装箱制冷机组相对位置示意图Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the refrigerated container refrigeration unit
图5为绑扎桥与冷藏集装箱的连接示意图Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the lashing bridge and the reefer container
图6为冷藏集装箱在船舶上分布示意图Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of reefer containers on the ship
附图中：1.驳运泵 2.LNG燃料舱 3.增压泵 4.温控三通阀 5.第一换热器 6.第二换热器 7.第一循环泵 8.供液管 9.第二循环泵 10.第三换热器 11.回液管 12.回液管温包 a.电磁阀 b.温度继电器 c.温包 d.入口快速接头 e.冷藏集装箱换热器 f.出口快速接头In the attached drawings: 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图和实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1，本实用新型公开了一种冷藏集装箱利用船舶LNG冷能的***，该***主要包括：驳运泵(1)、LNG燃料舱(2)、增压泵(3)、温控三通阀(4)、第一换热器(5)、第二换热器(6)、第一循环泵(7)、供液管(8)、第二循环泵(9)、第三换热器(10)、回液管(11)、回液管温包(12)、电磁阀(a)、温度继电器(b)、温包(c)、入口快速接头(d)、冷藏集装箱换热器(e)、出口快速接头(f)。As shown in Figure 1, the present utility model discloses a system for utilizing cold energy of ship LNG for refrigerated containers. The system mainly includes: a transfer pump (1), an LNG fuel tank (2), a booster pump (3), a temperature control tee Valve (4), first heat exchanger (5), second heat exchanger (6), first circulation pump (7), liquid supply pipe (8), second circulation pump (9), third heat exchange (10), liquid return pipe (11), liquid return pipe temperature bulb (12), solenoid valve (a), temperature relay (b), temperature bulb (c), inlet quick connector (d), refrigerated container heat exchange (e), outlet quick connector (f).
其中，冷藏箱冷能利用***主要包括：电磁阀(a)、温度继电器(b)、温包(c)、入口快速接头(d)、出口快速接头(f)和冷藏集装箱换热器(e)，此***的主要功能是将从 LNG燃料中置换出的冷能用于货物制冷。Among them, the refrigerated container cold energy utilization system mainly includes: solenoid valve (a), temperature relay (b), temperature bulb (c), inlet quick connector (d), outlet quick connector (f) and refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) ), the main function of this system is to use the cold energy displaced from the LNG fuel for cargo refrigeration.
供给管路***主要包括：第一循环泵(7)、供液管(8)、回液管(11)、回液管温包(12)。The supply pipeline system mainly includes: a first circulating pump (7), a liquid supply pipe (8), a liquid return pipe (11), and a liquid return pipe warm bulb (12).
LNG燃料供给***主要包括：驳运泵(1)、LNG燃料舱(2)、增压泵(3)、温控三通阀(4)、第一换热器(5)及缸套水加热***。The LNG fuel supply system mainly includes: transfer pump (1), LNG fuel tank (2), booster pump (3), temperature control three-way valve (4), first heat exchanger (5) and cylinder jacket water heating system .
在供给管路***中充满50％的乙二醇水溶液作为冷媒A，用以在第一换热器(5)中与低温LNG进行热交换，热交换之后的乙二醇水溶液经供液管(8)进入冷藏箱冷能利用***的冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中，此时乙二醇水溶液的温度比集装箱中的温度低，所以会在冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中吸热，用以给冷藏集装箱制冷，吸热之后的乙二醇水溶液经回液管(11)回到第一换热器(5)，就这样形成一个循环。The supply pipeline system is filled with 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution as refrigerant A for heat exchange with low-temperature LNG in the first heat exchanger (5). The ethylene glycol aqueous solution after heat exchange passes through the liquid supply pipe (5). 8) Enter the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) of the refrigerated container cold energy utilization system. At this time, the temperature of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution is lower than that in the container, so it will absorb heat in the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e). It is used for refrigerating the refrigerated container, and the ethylene glycol aqueous solution after heat absorption is returned to the first heat exchanger (5) through the liquid return pipe (11), thus forming a cycle.
所述LNG燃料供给***主要流程为：LNG经驳运泵(1)从LNG燃料舱(2)中输运出来，通过增压泵(3)往船舶主动力装置中输送。考虑温度条件，途经第一换热器(5)释放一部分冷能，然后再经过第二换热器(6)，第二循环泵(9)所在的循环管路中充满冷媒B 即40％的乙二醇水溶液，用于加热天然气，令其达到燃用所需温度20℃～45℃；或者是LNG 不经过第一换热器(5)，直接通过温控三通阀(4)的旁通回路通向第二换热器(6)。缸套水加热***中采用缸套水在第三换热器(10)中加热冷媒B，再用冷媒B加热天然气以达到天然气燃用所需温度，这是一个间接加热过程。不采用缸套水直接加热第二换热器(6)中的天然气的原因是：这种方法可以避免在极端情况下出现冷媒发生凝固阻塞管道的现象。The main process of the LNG fuel supply system is as follows: LNG is transported from the LNG fuel tank (2) through a transfer pump (1), and transported to the main power unit of the ship through a booster pump (3). Considering the temperature conditions, part of the cold energy is released through the first heat exchanger (5), and then through the second heat exchanger (6), the circulation pipeline where the second circulating pump (9) is located is filled with refrigerant B, that is, 40% of the Ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used to heat natural gas to reach the required temperature of 20°C to 45°C for combustion; or LNG directly passes through the side of the temperature control three-way valve (4) without passing through the first heat exchanger (5). The through loop leads to the second heat exchanger (6). In the cylinder jacket water heating system, the cylinder jacket water is used to heat the refrigerant B in the third heat exchanger (10), and then the refrigerant B is used to heat the natural gas to reach the temperature required for natural gas combustion, which is an indirect heating process. The reason why the natural gas in the second heat exchanger (6) is not directly heated by the jacket water is that this method can avoid the phenomenon that the refrigerant solidifies and blocks the pipeline in extreme cases.
如图2，所述冷藏集装箱冷媒A进口处设有入口快速接头(d)、温度继电器(b)和电磁阀(a)，冷媒A出口处也设有出口快速接头(f)，从而实现对冷藏集装箱的温度控制。As shown in Figure 2, the inlet of the refrigerated container A is provided with an inlet quick connector (d), a temperature relay (b) and a solenoid valve (a), and the outlet of the refrigerant A is also provided with an outlet quick connector (f), so as to realize the Temperature control of reefer containers.
所述入口快速接头(d)和出口快速接头(f)在断开时，能够自动封闭管内液体，不会在接头处泄漏液体。When the inlet quick connector (d) and the outlet quick connector (f) are disconnected, the liquid in the pipe can be automatically closed, and the liquid will not leak at the connector.
上述着重介绍了图1中A区的冷藏集装箱A1的实施方案，同样的，A区的冷藏集装箱A2、冷藏集装箱A3、冷藏集装箱A4……冷藏集装箱An的原理相同，类似的，B区、C区的冷藏集装箱原理也是如此。这样还可以扩展更多的区域，解决更多数量的集装箱制冷问题，冷藏集装箱的数目甚至可以达到上千。The above focuses on the embodiment of the refrigerated container A 1 in area A in FIG. 1 . Similarly, the principles of refrigerated container A 2 , refrigerated container A 3 , refrigerated container A 4 ... refrigerated container An in area A are the same, and similar , the same is true for the refrigerated containers in areas B and C. In this way, more areas can be expanded, and the refrigeration problem of a larger number of containers can be solved, and the number of refrigerated containers can even reach thousands.
在LNG动力船上，LNG经过驳运泵(1)从LNG燃料舱(2)中输送出来，一般需要通过一系列的步骤将其气化到室温左右才能送进船舶主动力装置燃用。On the LNG powered ship, LNG is transported from the LNG fuel tank (2) through the transfer pump (1), and generally needs to be vaporized to about room temperature through a series of steps before being sent to the main power plant of the ship for burning.
经增压泵(3)加压的LNG经过温控三通阀(4)，温控三通阀(4)与靠近第一换热器(5)的回液管(11)处设置的回液管温包(12)相连，可以根据温度的高低来控制温控三通阀(4)旁通管路的LNG的流量。当回液管(11)的温度低于-25℃，则温控三通阀(4)中通向LNG主管路的阀门关闭，同时，旁通管路的阀门开到最大，LNG不经第一换热器(5)，直接经旁通管道进入第二换热器(6)，这样可以避免管路中温度过低，达到冷媒A的凝固点，出现阻塞现象；当回液管的温度高于-23℃时，LNG可部分或全部经过第一换热器(5)。The LNG pressurized by the booster pump (3) passes through the temperature control three-way valve (4), the temperature control three-way valve (4) and the return pipe (11) near the first heat exchanger (5). The liquid pipe temperature bulb (12) is connected, and the flow rate of LNG in the bypass pipeline of the temperature control three-way valve (4) can be controlled according to the temperature. When the temperature of the liquid return pipe (11) is lower than -25°C, the valve leading to the LNG main pipe in the temperature control three-way valve (4) is closed, and at the same time, the valve of the bypass pipe is opened to the maximum, and the LNG does not pass through the first pipe. The first heat exchanger (5) directly enters the second heat exchanger (6) through the bypass pipe, which can prevent the temperature in the pipeline from being too low, reaching the freezing point of refrigerant A, and causing blockage; when the temperature of the liquid return pipe is high At -23°C, the LNG may partially or fully pass through the first heat exchanger (5).
LNG在第一换热器(5)处与供给管路***中的冷媒A即50％的乙二醇水溶液进行热交换，冷媒A吸收LNG释放的冷能，经供液管(8)进入供给管路***中，随后通过入口快速接头(d)进入冷藏箱冷能利用***中。At the first heat exchanger (5), the LNG exchanges heat with the refrigerant A in the supply pipeline system, that is, a 50% ethylene glycol aqueous solution. The refrigerant A absorbs the cold energy released by the LNG and enters the supply through the liquid supply pipe (8). In the pipeline system, then enter the refrigerator cold energy utilization system through the inlet quick connector (d).
在此***中的冷藏集装箱是经过改装后的，改装过后集装箱在原有冷藏集装箱蒸发器处增加了一组换热盘管，即冷藏集装箱换热器(e)，如图3、4。当船舶在海上航行有LNG燃料消耗时，在第一循环泵(7)的作用下，冷媒A在第一换热器(5)中吸收LNG冷能，依次经供液管(8)、入口快速接头(d)和电磁阀(a)进入冷藏集装箱，此时，冷藏集装箱换热器(e)中充满着吸收过LNG冷能的冷媒A，集装箱中原有的冷风机工作，冷媒A释放冷能用以制冷。The refrigerated container in this system is refitted. After the refit, a set of heat exchange coils are added to the original refrigerated container evaporator, that is, the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e), as shown in Figures 3 and 4. When the ship is navigating at sea with LNG fuel consumption, under the action of the first circulating pump (7), the refrigerant A absorbs the LNG cold energy in the first heat exchanger (5), and passes through the liquid supply pipe (8) and the inlet in turn. The quick connector (d) and the solenoid valve (a) enter the refrigerated container. At this time, the refrigerated container heat exchanger (e) is filled with the refrigerant A that has absorbed the cold energy of the LNG. The original air cooler in the container works, and the refrigerant A releases the cold energy. Can be used for refrigeration.
所述冷藏集装箱中设有用来感应温度的温包(c)，当集装箱内的温度达到需要的制冷温度的下限之后，信号会传到温度继电器(b)，进而控制电磁阀(a)关闭，同理，集装箱内的温度上升至上限时，温包(c)能够发出信号，传给温度继电器(b)，从而控制电磁阀(a)打开；当船舶停泊没有LNG燃料消耗时，该冷藏集装箱会像传统的制冷式集装箱一样靠消耗电力制冷。The refrigerated container is provided with a temperature bulb (c) for sensing temperature, when the temperature in the container reaches the lower limit of the required refrigeration temperature, the signal will be transmitted to the temperature relay (b), and then the solenoid valve (a) is controlled to close, In the same way, when the temperature in the container rises to the upper limit, the temperature bulb (c) can send a signal to the temperature relay (b) to control the solenoid valve (a) to open; when the ship is berthed and there is no LNG fuel consumption, the reefer container will Like a traditional refrigerated container, it is cooled by electricity consumption.
另外，所述冷藏集装箱的换热盘管进口、出口都分别与软管相连，在软管的另一端分别设有入口快速接头(d)和出口快速接头(f)，当冷藏集装箱装载到船舶上时，入口快速接头(d)同供液管(8)相对接，出口快速接头(f)同回液管(11)相连。In addition, the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange coil of the refrigerated container are respectively connected with the hose, and the other end of the hose is respectively provided with an inlet quick connector (d) and an outlet quick connector (f), when the refrigerated container is loaded into the ship When it is on, the inlet quick joint (d) is connected with the liquid supply pipe (8), and the outlet quick joint (f) is connected with the liquid return pipe (11).
缸套水加热***是为了保证无论冷藏集装箱消耗LNG冷能多少时，总能使得天然气在进入船舶主动力装置燃烧之前能够达到所需要的温度，一般为20℃～45℃。The purpose of the jacket water heating system is to ensure that no matter how much LNG cold energy is consumed by the reefer container, the natural gas can always reach the required temperature before entering the main power unit of the ship for combustion, generally 20℃～45℃.
如图5和图6，本实用新型所提及的一种利用船舶LNG冷能的冷藏集装箱***，供液管 (8)和回液管(11)可设置在LNG动力集装箱的绑扎桥上，与此同时，为了减少管路的布置距离可将冷藏集装箱集中放在船舶机舱附近，如图1中的A区、B区、C区、D区，根据实际情况可增加更多的冷藏集装箱放置区域。As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the utility model refers to a refrigerated container system utilizing the cold energy of the ship's LNG, the liquid supply pipe (8) and the liquid return pipe (11) can be arranged on the lashing bridge of the LNG powered container, At the same time, in order to reduce the arrangement distance of pipelines, refrigerated containers can be placed near the ship's engine room, such as areas A, B, C, and D in Figure 1. More refrigerated containers can be placed according to the actual situation. area.
以上所述仅是本实用新型的优先实施方式，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out: for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110901870A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛科技大学 | System and method for utilizing cold energy of ship LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for refrigerated container |
| CN112693587A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-23 | 山东海运股份有限公司 | Cargo hold drying system and method for LNG power ship |
| CN112747252A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-04 | 青岛科技大学 | System and method for ballasting super tanker by using natural gas hydrate |
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2019
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110901870A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛科技大学 | System and method for utilizing cold energy of ship LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for refrigerated container |
| CN112693587A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-23 | 山东海运股份有限公司 | Cargo hold drying system and method for LNG power ship |
| CN112747252A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-04 | 青岛科技大学 | System and method for ballasting super tanker by using natural gas hydrate |
| CN112747252B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-02-21 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for ballasting super tanker by using natural gas hydrate |
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