CN210965493U

CN210965493U - Coal separator

Info

Publication number: CN210965493U
Application number: CN201921854414.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王雪松; 王诗扬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coal picker relates to dense medium coal separation technical field. Comprises a stock bin, a sorting chamber, a discharging device, a medium tank and a tank-type air bag; the separation chamber comprises a clean coal chamber, a middling chamber and a gangue chamber, and the tank-type air bag comprises a tank body and an elastic air bag; a gas locking feeder and a ball valve are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the bin, and a ball valve is arranged between the discharge equipment and the gangue chamber; gate valves are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the middling chamber and between the middling chamber and the gangue chamber; passages are arranged on the shells at the lower ends of the clean coal chamber, the medium coal chamber and the gangue chamber, and each passage comprises a medium filling passage, a recovery passage and an inflation passage; one end of the medium filling channel and one end of the recycling channel are both connected to the medium tank, and the other ends of the medium filling channel and the recycling channel are connected to the sorting chamber; the elastic air bag is communicated with the upper end of the clean coal chamber, so that the coal separator has simple equipment, does not need equipment such as flotation, concentration, dehydration and drying, and solves the technical problems of complex equipment and higher cost of the coal separator in the prior art.

Description

Coal separator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a dense medium coal dressing technical field, more specifically say, relate to a coal picker.

Background

China has abundant coal resources, and other provinces except Shanghai are distributed, but the distribution is extremely unbalanced. In the areas between great Xing AnLing-Taihang mountain and Helan mountain in the north of China, the geographical range includes all or most of 6 provinces of inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu and Henan, the coal resource amount of which is more than 1000 hundred million tons, and the areas are areas where the coal resource amount is intensively distributed in China, and the resource amount accounts for about 50 percent of the national coal resource amount.

In the current coal preparation process, for example, the mainstream wet coal preparation technology needs equipment for crushing raw coal and grading the raw coal, and a washing method is adopted, so that water resources are wasted, a large amount of coal slurry water is generated, and a large amount of flotation, concentration, dehydration and drying equipment is required to be put into the treatment. The equipment of the coal separator is very complicated, which also results in high costs.

Therefore, how to solve the technical problems of complex equipment and high cost of the coal separator in the prior art becomes an important technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a coal picker in order to solve the equipment complicacy of the coal picker among the prior art, the higher technical problem of cost. The utility model provides a plurality of technical effects that preferred technical scheme among a great deal of technical scheme can produce see the explanation below in detail.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a coal picker includes:

a bin for storing raw coal;

the separation chamber is arranged below the stock bin and used for separating raw coal, the separation chamber sequentially comprises a clean coal chamber, a middling chamber and a gangue chamber from top to bottom, and an air locking feeder used for providing the raw coal for the separation chamber and a ball valve used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the separation chamber and the stock bin are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the stock bin;

a discharging device for discharging various products obtained after separation is arranged below the waste rock chamber, and a ball valve for controlling the connection and disconnection of the waste rock chamber and the discharging device is arranged between the discharging device and the waste rock chamber;

gate valves for controlling the on-off of the clean coal chamber and the medium coal chamber and between the medium coal chamber and the gangue chamber are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the medium coal chamber;

the lower end shells of the clean coal chamber, the medium coal chamber and the waste rock chamber are respectively provided with a channel which is annularly arranged, and the channel comprises a medium filling channel, a recovery channel and an inflation channel which is connected with the outside or a hot air pipe and is provided with a fifth stop valve;

one end of each of the medium filling channel and the medium recovery channel is connected to a medium tank for providing a medium;

the tank type air bag is connected with the separation chamber and comprises a tank body communicated with the atmosphere and an elastic air bag arranged in the tank body, and the elastic air bag is communicated with the upper end of the clean coal chamber.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do following improvement.

Furthermore, the number of the elastic air bags is not limited, but the total volume is not less than the volume of the raw coal fed once or the volume of the liquid medium filled once.

Furthermore, a first stop valve, a medium filling pump, a first check valve and a second stop valve are sequentially arranged on the medium filling channel, and the first stop valve is connected with the medium tank.

Furthermore, the recovery channel comprises a first recovery channel and a second recovery channel, the first recovery channel is sequentially provided with a second check valve, a recovery pump and a third stop valve, and the second check valve is connected with the medium tank; and the second recovery channel is sequentially provided with a filter, a fourth stop valve, a vacuum pump, a condenser, a magnetic pump and a third check valve, and the third check valve is connected with the medium tank.

Furthermore, one end of the condenser is also provided with a membrane separator; the membrane separator is provided with a channel connected between the fourth stop valve and the vacuum pump; the membrane separator is provided with a channel connected with the outside atmosphere.

Further, the pan feeding end of discharge apparatus passes through the ball valve with the waste rock chamber communicates with each other, and its discharge end has a plurality of chutes that are used for discharging different products, the pan feeding end with be equipped with between the discharge end and be used for controlling each a plurality of electronic boards that turn over of chute break-make.

Furthermore, the clean coal chamber, the medium coal chamber and the gangue chamber are all in a cone barrel structure and are composed of double layers, the outer layer is the separation chamber shell, the inner layer is a filter layer with a filter screen, cavities are arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, and the cavities in the chambers are mutually independent; the medium charging channel, the recycling channel, the air charging channel and the interfaces of the sorting chambers are all arranged in the cavity.

Furthermore, the top ends of the medium coal chamber and the waste rock chamber are respectively provided with an online densimeter for detecting the specific gravity of the medium coal layer.

Furthermore, a liquid level meter for measuring the liquid level of the medium in the clean coal chamber is arranged at the top end of the clean coal chamber.

Further, an organic steam sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the filter and the fourth stop valve and on the exhaust end of the membrane separator

The utility model provides a coal picker among the technical scheme include:

the device comprises a storage bin for storing raw coal, wherein a separation chamber for separating the raw coal is arranged below the storage bin, the separation chamber sequentially comprises a clean coal chamber, a middling chamber and a waste rock chamber from top to bottom, an air-locking feeder for providing the raw coal to the separation chamber and a ball valve for controlling the separation chamber and the storage bin to be switched on and off are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the storage bin, and gate valves for controlling the separation chamber and the waste rock chamber to be switched on and off are arranged between the clean coal chamber and the middling chamber and between the middling chamber and the waste rock chamber; a discharge device for discharging various products obtained after separation is arranged below the waste rock chamber, and a ball valve for controlling the connection and disconnection of the waste rock chamber and the discharge device is arranged between the discharge device and the waste rock chamber; the lower end shells of the clean coal chamber, the medium coal chamber and the waste rock chamber are respectively provided with a channel which is annularly arranged, and the channels comprise a medium filling channel, a recovery channel and an inflation channel which is connected with the outside or a hot air pipe and is provided with a fifth stop valve; one end of each of the medium filling channel and the medium recovery channel is connected to a medium tank for providing a medium; the separation chamber is also provided with a tank-type air bag, the tank-type air bag comprises a tank body communicated with the atmosphere and an elastic air bag arranged in the tank body, and the elastic air bag is communicated with the upper end of the clean coal chamber. Therefore, the coal separator has simple equipment, does not need equipment such as flotation, concentration, dehydration and drying, and solves the technical problems of complex equipment and higher cost of the coal separator in the prior art.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal separator and a coal separation flow in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the clean coal chamber, the middling chamber and the gangue chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a material distributing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the connection between the channel and the device in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a storage bin; 2. a gas locking feeder; 3. a ball valve; 4. a liquid level meter; 5. a clean coal chamber; 51. an outer layer; 52. an inner layer; 53. a cavity; 6. an online densitometer; 7. a medium coal chamber; 8. a gate valve; 9. a waste rock chamber; 10. a discharge device; 101. a feeding end; 102. a first electric turning plate; 103. a second electric turning plate; 104. A chute; 11. a canister bladder; 111. a tank body; 112. an elastic air bag; 12. a second recovery channel; 121. A filter; 122. a fourth stop valve; 123. a vacuum pump; 124. a condenser; 125. a magnetic pump; 126. A third check valve; 127. a membrane separator; 13. a first recovery channel; 131. a second check valve; 132. a recovery pump; 133. a third stop valve; 14. a medium filling channel; 141. a first shut-off valve; 142. a medium filling pump; 143. A first check valve; 144. a second stop valve; 15. an inflation channel; 151. a fifth stop valve; 16. a media tank; 17. a channel; 18. a point of intersection; 19. an organic vapor sensor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the specific embodiment is to provide a coal separator, which has simple equipment and does not need equipment for flotation, concentration, dehydration, drying and the like, and the technical problems of complex equipment and high cost of the coal separator in the prior art are solved.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below do not limit the scope of the invention described in the claims. Further, the entire contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to those necessary as a solution of the invention described in the claims.

The utility model provides a coal picker, please refer to fig. 1-4, the equipment that provides in this embodiment includes: the raw coal separation device comprises a bin 1 for storing raw coal, the raw coal refers to a mixture containing coal and gangue, a separation chamber is arranged below the bin 1 and is a cavity for separating the raw coal, the separation chamber can be three chambers or two or more chambers and can be arranged according to the requirements of the market on product types, in the embodiment, the separation chamber is three chambers, namely a clean coal chamber 5, a middling chamber 7 and a gangue chamber 9 from top to bottom in sequence, the three chambers are connected together through a gate valve 8 and a flange, an air-locking feeder 2 for providing the raw coal into the separation chamber and a ball valve 3 arranged below the air-locking feeder 2 are arranged between the separation chamber and the bin 1, and the air-locking feeder 2 and the ball valve 3 are connected with the bin 1 and the clean coal chamber 5 through flanges; the ball valve 3 is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the stock bin 1 and the sorting chamber and simultaneously has a sealing function; gate valves 8 are arranged between the clean coal chamber 5 and the middling chamber 7 and between the middling chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9, and the gate valves 8 are used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the chambers and cutting off products on each layer; a discharging device 10 for discharging various products obtained after separation is arranged below the gangue chamber 9, and a ball valve 3 is also arranged between the discharging device 10 and the gangue chamber 9 and has the same function as the ball valve 3. In this embodiment, all the ball valves 3 are flexible ceramic ball valves, and all the gate valves 8 are electric flat gate valves.

The feed bin 1, the clean coal chamber 5, the middling chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9 are all cone barrel structures, the three are sequentially connected end to end, namely, the small-diameter end of the previous cone barrel structure is connected with the large-diameter end of the next cone barrel structure through a gate valve 8, the axes of the three are superposed, the caliber of the ball valve 3 at the lower part of the gangue chamber 9 is larger than that of the gate valve 8 at the lower part of the middling chamber 7, and the caliber of the gate valve 8 at the lower part of the middling chamber 7 is larger than that of the gate valve 8 at the lower part of the clean coal chamber 5, so that the protection effect of the gate valve 8 at the lower part of the middling chamber 7 and the ball valve 3 at the lower part; wherein the lateral wall of clean coal room 5, the lateral wall of middlings room 7 and the lateral wall of waste rock room 9 are bilayer structure, all include outer 51 and inlayer 52, be equipped with cavity 53 between outer 51 and the inlayer 52, outer 51 is the airtight layer of organism, the material is steel, inlayer 52 is the filter layer, the filter layer is the steel sheet structure of double-deck foraminiferous steel sheet structure or band seam, be equipped with the anticorrosive coating on the steel sheet, prevent that the steel sheet from being corroded, adopt bell mouth or section to be trapezoidal stripe seam, be difficult for blockking up like this, be equipped with the filter screen between the two-layer steel sheet, be used for preventing that raw coal from getting into, be equipped with a plurality of brace rods between the cavity 53, be used for supporting this bilayer. The lower end shells of the clean coal chamber 5, the middling chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9 are provided with annularly distributed channels 17, namely the channels 17 arranged on the outer layer 51, and the outlets of the channels 17 are arranged in the cavity 53, as shown in fig. 4, the annularly distributed channels 17 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower end of each chamber, and the cut direction of the channels 17 is also the circumferential direction, so that the arrangement can have uniform impact on the filter screen during medium filling or gas filling, and plays a role in clearing blockage; one end of the channel 17 is connected with the machine body, and the other end is connected with the medium filling channel 14, the recovery channel and the air filling channel 15 which is connected with the outside or a hot air pipe and is provided with a fifth stop valve 151; the tank-type air bag 11 is arranged on one side of the sorting chamber, the whole body of the tank-type air bag is spherical, and other shapes are also possible, the tank-type air bag 11 comprises a tank body 111 and an elastic air bag 112 arranged in the tank body 111, the elastic air bag 112 is communicated with the upper end of the sorting chamber, and in the embodiment, the elastic air bag 112 is communicated with the upper end of the clean coal chamber 5; it should be noted that: the number of the elastic air bags 112 is not limited, but the total volume of each elastic air bag 112 is not less than any one of the volume of raw coal and the volume of medium which need to be put in at one time, so that the excessive volume of gas can be stored due to occupied space when feeding in the sorting chamber, and negative pressure is not generated when liquid medium is recovered from the sorting chamber.

In addition, a medium tank 16 for supplying and storing the medium is further included, and the shape thereof can be set according to different places of use, and one end of the medium filling channel 14 and the recovery channel is connected with the sorting chamber, and the other end thereof is connected with the medium tank 16; the medium adopted in the method is trifluorodichloroethane or trifluorotrichloroethane, the trifluorodichloroethane is used in spring, autumn and winter, the trifluorotrichloroethane is used in summer, the density of the medium is between that of coal and gangue, the medium has stable chemical property, low boiling point and specific heat capacity, is easy to recover, and has very little residue, so that coal slime can not be generated.

So set up, the equipment of this coal picker is simple, does not need equipment such as flotation, concentration, dehydration and stoving, has solved the equipment complicacy of the coal picker among the prior art, technical problem with higher costs.

It should be noted that the whole equipment is arranged underground or semi-underground, so as to ensure safety, prevent leakage when medium leakage accident occurs, and facilitate recovery and treatment; on the other hand, the whole temperature of the equipment is ensured to be constant, so that the working process of the equipment is not influenced.

Specifically, the medium charging passage 14 is provided with a first stop valve 141, a medium charging pump 142, a first check valve 143, and a second stop valve 144 in sequence; a first stop valve 141 connected to the medium tank 16 for sealing the medium tank 16 against leakage of the gaseous medium, a charge pump 142 for supplying a power source of the medium to the separation chamber, a first check valve 143 for preventing backflow of the medium, and a second stop valve 144 for preventing leakage of the gaseous medium from the separation chamber; the recovery passage is divided into a first recovery passage 13 and a second recovery passage 12, the first recovery passage 13 is sequentially provided with a second check valve 131, a recovery pump 132 and a third stop valve 133, wherein the second check valve 131 is connected with the medium tank 16; the second recycling channel 12 is sequentially provided with a filter 121 for filtering coal dust, a fourth stop valve 122, a vacuum pump 123, a condenser 124, a magnetic pump 125 and a third check valve 126, wherein the third check valve 126 is connected with the medium tank 16, one end of the condenser 124 is further provided with a membrane separator 127, the membrane separator 127 is provided with a channel connected between the fourth stop valve 122 and the vacuum pump 123, and the channel is further provided to be communicated with the outside atmosphere. The first recovery channel 13 is used for recovering liquid medium, the second recovery channel 12 is used for recovering medium in mixed gas, the mixed gas comprises air and gaseous medium, the mixed gas enters the condenser 124 through the filter 121 and the vacuum pump 123, under the action of the condenser 124, most of the medium with a boiling point higher than that of the air is condensed into liquid phase, the liquid phase is sent back to the medium tank 16 through the magnetic pump 125 and the third check valve 126, the rest of the mixed gas containing less medium gas and air is separated through the membrane separator 127, pure gaseous medium is sent back to the condenser 124 through the vacuum pump 123, and finally flows to the medium tank 16, and the pure air is discharged into the atmosphere. Therefore, the separation and recycling of the mixed gas and the emission of the waste gas reaching the standard are realized; it should be noted that, the charging channel 14, the charging channel 15 and the first recovery channel 13 converge into a channel 17 before entering the separation chamber, and the convergence point is at the intersection 18 between the second stop valve 144 of the charging channel 14 and the separation chamber, between the fifth stop valve 151 of the charging channel 15 and the separation chamber, and between the third stop valve 133 of the first recovery channel 13 and the separation chamber, so that the three channels enter and exit the separation chamber together, and can play a role in clearing possible blockages to some extent; the stop valves are all electric control long-closing stop valves and have the same effect.

Further preferred embodiment, pan feeding end 101 of discharge apparatus 10 communicates with each other with waste rock chamber 9 through ball valve 3, its discharge end is equipped with a plurality of chutes 104, each chute 104 is used for discharging different products, be equipped with a plurality of electronic boards that turn over that are used for controlling each chute 104 break-make between pan feeding end 101 and discharge end, so that different products are by different chutes 104 roll-off, the number that electronic board turned over can set up according to specific in service behavior, in this embodiment, chute 104 is equipped with threely, be used for flowing out the clean coal respectively, middlings and waste rock, electronic board that turns over is provided with two, be first electronic board 102 and the electronic board 103 that turns over of second respectively, through controlling electronic board that turns over, realize collecting the classification to different products.

In a specific implementation mode, the tops of the medium coal chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9 are provided with online densitometers 6, the two online densitometers 6 are respectively arranged at the tops of the medium coal chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9, and whether the layering positions of the three products are just at the position of the gate valve 8 is mainly monitored; if the online densimeter 6 at the top of the medium coal chamber 7 detects that the liquid density exceeds the preset density allowable interval, indicating that the medium coal is mixed in the clean coal chamber 5 or the clean coal is mixed in the medium coal chamber 7, and automatically adjusting the liquid level by the system through signal feedback to enable the liquid density to be in the preset density allowable interval; likewise, the function of the online densitometer 6 at the upper part of the gangue chamber 9 is the same. Therefore, through intelligent automatic control, the gate valve 8 can be well ensured to accurately separate the three products of clean coal, Chinese rock and gangue. And a liquid level meter 4 for detecting the liquid level in the separation chamber is also arranged in the separation chamber, wherein the liquid level meter 4 is arranged at the upper part of the clean coal chamber 5 and is used for detecting the liquid level in the clean coal chamber 5.

In a preferred embodiment, an organic vapor sensor 19 is provided in the line between the filter 121 and the fourth shut-off valve 122 to ensure that the three-product de-media is thoroughly monitored, and an organic vapor sensor 19 is also provided at the exhaust end of the membrane separator 127 to monitor the exhaust gases discharged to the atmosphere.

It should be noted that this embodiment provides only one set of equipment, which may be regarded as a single machine, but in other embodiments, a plurality of single machines may be combined into a unit, so as to achieve continuous production and efficient circulation of media among the single machines.

The specific operation process of the coal separator is as follows:

firstly, plate gate valves between a clean coal chamber 5 and a middling chamber 7 and between the middling chamber 7 and a gangue chamber 9 are opened, and tough ceramic ball valves at the upper part of the clean coal chamber 5 and the bottom of the gangue chamber 9 are closed; starting the vacuum pump 123 to a predetermined vacuum degree to enable the elastic air bag 112 to be in a compressed state, and then stopping the pump; opening the first and

second stop valves

141 and 144, injecting the liquid medium in the medium tank 16 into the sorting chamber by the medium charge pump 142, stopping the pump and closing the first and

second stop valves

141 and 144 after a predetermined liquid level is reached; meanwhile, the extracted air and the gaseous medium pass through the condenser 124 and the membrane separator 127, the medium is recovered, and the waste gas is treated and discharged.

And secondly, opening a ball valve 3 between the bin 1 and the clean coal chamber 5, sending the raw coal with preset washing amount into the medium of the sorting chamber, and quickly layering the clean coal, the middlings and the gangue in the medium due to different specific gravities to form a clean coal layer, a middlings layer and a gangue layer, wherein the elastic air bag 112 is full.

Thirdly, after layering is finished, closing the ball valve 3 at the upper part of the clean coal chamber 5, the flat gate valves between the clean coal chamber 5 and the middling chamber 7 and between the middling chamber 7 and the gangue chamber 9; opening the third stop valve 133, the recovery pump 132, and the second check valve 131, sucking the liquid medium filtered by the filter layer in each chamber back into the medium tank 16, and then stopping the pump; opening the vacuum pump 123 and the fourth stop valve 122 to quickly evaporate and pump away the liquid medium remaining on the surfaces of the clean coal, the middlings and the gangue particles, and simultaneously communicating the atmosphere or hot air to each chamber through the inflation channel 15 until the medium is completely evaporated and pumped away, and at the moment, leaving three pure products of clean coal, middlings and gangue in each chamber; the mixed gas containing gas phase medium and air pumped by the vacuum pump 123 is condensed by the condenser 124, most of the medium with the boiling point higher than that of the air is condensed into liquid phase under the action of the condenser 124, and is sent back to the medium tank 16 through the magnetic pump 125 and the third check valve 126, the rest of the mixed gas containing gas with less medium and air is separated by the membrane separator 127, the pure medium is sent back to the condenser 124 through the vacuum pump 123, and finally flows to the medium tank 16, and the pure air is discharged into the atmosphere.

Finally, the tough ceramic ball valve at the lower part of the gangue chamber 9 is opened, and the gangue is discharged into the corresponding chute 104; the second electric turning plate 103 is controlled to rotate, a flat gate valve at the lower part of the middling chamber 7 is opened, and middling falls into the corresponding chute 104; and the second electric turning plate 103 and the first electric turning plate 102 are controlled to rotate again, the flat gate valve at the bottom of the clean coal chamber 5 is opened, and the clean coal falls into the corresponding chute 104.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coal separator, comprising:

a bunker (1) for storing raw coal;

the separation chamber is arranged below the stock bin (1) and used for separating raw coal, the separation chamber sequentially comprises a clean coal chamber (5), a middling chamber (7) and a waste rock chamber (9) from top to bottom, and an air locking feeder (2) used for providing the raw coal for the separation chamber and a ball valve (3) used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the separation chamber and the stock bin (1) are arranged between the clean coal chamber (5) and the stock bin (1);

a discharging device (10) for discharging various products obtained after separation is arranged below the waste rock chamber (9), and a ball valve (3) for controlling the connection and disconnection of the waste rock chamber (9) and the discharging device (10) is arranged between the discharging device (10) and the waste rock chamber (9);

gate valves (8) for controlling the on-off of the clean coal chamber (5) and the middle coal chamber (7) and the gangue chamber (9) are arranged between the clean coal chamber (5) and the middle coal chamber (7);

the shells at the lower ends of the clean coal chamber (5), the medium coal chamber (7) and the gangue chamber (9) are respectively provided with a channel (17) which are annularly arranged, and each channel (17) comprises a medium filling channel (14), a recovery channel and an air filling channel (15) which is connected with the outside or a hot air pipe and is provided with a fifth stop valve (151);

one end of each of the medium filling channel (14) and the medium recovery channel is connected to a medium tank (16) for supplying a medium;

the tank type air bag (11) is connected with the sorting chamber, the tank type air bag (11) comprises a tank body (111) communicated with the atmosphere and an elastic air bag (112) arranged in the tank body (111), and the elastic air bag (112) is communicated with the upper end of the clean coal chamber (5).

2. The coal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the elastic air bags (112) is not limited, but the total volume is not less than the volume of the raw coal charged at one time or the volume of the liquid medium charged at one time.

3. The coal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that a first stop valve (141), a charge medium pump (142), a first non-return valve (143) and a second stop valve (144) are arranged in the charge medium channel (14) in this order, the first stop valve (141) being connected to the medium tank (16).

4. The coal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the recovery passage comprises a first recovery passage (13) and a second recovery passage (12), the first recovery passage (13) is provided with a second check valve (131), a recovery pump (132) and a third stop valve (133) in sequence, and the second check valve (131) is connected with the medium tank (16); and a filter (121), a fourth stop valve (122), a vacuum pump (123), a condenser (124), a magnetic pump (125) and a third check valve (126) are sequentially arranged on the second recovery channel (12), and the third check valve (126) is connected with the medium tank (16).

5. The coal separator according to claim 4, characterized in that one end of the condenser (124) is further provided with a membrane separator (127); the membrane separator (127) is provided with a channel connected between the fourth stop valve (122) and the vacuum pump (123); the membrane separator (127) is provided with a passage connected to the outside atmosphere.

6. The coal separator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inlet end (101) of the discharging device (10) is communicated with the gangue chamber (9) through the ball valve (3), the discharge end thereof is provided with a plurality of chutes (104) for discharging different products, and a plurality of electric turning plates for controlling the on-off of each chute (104) are arranged between the inlet end (101) and the discharge end.

7. The coal separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clean coal chamber (5), the medium coal chamber (7) and the gangue chamber (9) are all of a cone-barrel structure and are all composed of double layers, the outer layer (51) is the separation chamber shell, the inner layer (52) is a filter layer with a filter screen, a cavity (53) is arranged between the inner layer (52) and the outer layer (51), and the cavities (53) in the chambers are independent from each other; the interface between the charging channel (14), the recycling channel and the charging channel (15) and the sorting chamber is arranged in the cavity (53).

8. The coal separator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the top ends of the medium coal chamber (7) and the gangue chamber (9) are respectively provided with an online densitometer (6) for detecting the specific gravity of the medium coal layer.

9. The coal separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the clean coal chamber (5) is provided with a liquid level meter (4) for measuring the liquid level of the medium in the clean coal chamber (5).

10. The coal separator according to claim 5, characterized in that an organic steam sensor (19) is provided both on the line between the filter (121) and the fourth shut-off valve (122) and on the exhaust gas end of the membrane separator (127).