CN203690967U - Valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger - Google Patents
Valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN203690967U CN203690967U CN201320802616.1U CN201320802616U CN203690967U CN 203690967 U CN203690967 U CN 203690967U CN 201320802616 U CN201320802616 U CN 201320802616U CN 203690967 U CN203690967 U CN 203690967U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
A valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger is composed of the components of: a high-voltage rectifying and filtering circuit (1), a current detecting circuit (2), an active resetting circuit (3), a voltage transforming circuit (4), an indicating lamp, a fan circuit (5), a current sensor circuit (6), a low-voltage rectifying and filtering circuit (7), an auxiliary power supply circuit (8), a high-voltage module circuit (9), a driving circuit (10), a charging output control circuit (11) and a low-voltage module circuit (12). A charging method thereof comprises the following charging steps: a precharging step according to an interrupted charging method, a main step according to a gradual reducing current method, a trickle charging step according to a constant-voltage charging method, and a charging supplementing step according to an interrupted charging method. The valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger provided by the utility model ensures full charging of a battery without battery damage in charging process.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of valve-control sealed lead acid battery charger and charging method thereof.
Background technology
Topmost two indexs of valve-control sealed lead acid battery (hereinafter referred to as storage battery) are available capacity (C) and the service life cycle under available capacity condition.This is no doubt relevant with the technical development of storage battery itself, and the charger again supplementing as its energy is vital equipment, and it is directly determining the significant degree of storage battery makeup energy and the length of service life cycle.
The typical charger charging method of tradition is: the first stage, with constant current charge, in the time that voltage reaches setting, enters second stage constant voltage charge, along with the raising of battery tension, electric current can diminish gradually, in the time that charging voltage and current is reduced to certain value, proceeds to the phase III.Phase III is little electric current floating charge, and at this moment charging voltage declines, and after set point, stops charging.Present segmented mise-a-la-masse method (be first constant current, again constant voltage), at the charging process initial stage, charging current is far smaller than the acceptable electric current of storage battery, thereby the charging interval is oversize; In charging process mid-term, charging current is greater than again the acceptable electric current of storage battery, as shown in Figure 1, causes charging side reaction aggravation, and it is fast that battery internal temperature rises nice and high; In the charging process later stage, long-time low current charge, as shown in Figure 1, very easily causes charging process to occur " polarization " phenomenon, will produce a large amount of bubbles, and inside also there will be sulfuration crystallization, shortens greatly the service life cycle of storage battery.Adopt Current Control because second stage turns the phase III, turn charging stream height is set, rechargeable energy deficiency, there will be sulfuration to cause available capacity to decline; Turning charging stream arranges low, when battery environment excess Temperature, (summer, battery temp was too high), storage battery second stage turns turning charging stream and will being difficult to arrival of phase III, the storage battery charged state in second stage always, causes storage battery to overcharge and dehydration, makes the over oxidation of accumulator anode board and capacity loss, when serious, also can cause storage battery " thermal runaway ", permanent damage storage battery.Adopt constant current and constant voltage charging method, charger relies on high voltage stabilizing, stabilized current characteristic and accurate charging interval to control function, be difficult to become while being a required charging voltage, electric current, the charging process time, time-dependent dynamic load provided satisfied service.
Innovation and creation content
The technical problem that the invention will solve is: provide a kind of storage battery that can not occur to fill valve-control sealed lead acid battery charger and the charging method thereof that bad phenomenon and storage battery can be full of.
The technical scheme of the invention is:
Valve-control sealed lead acid battery charger, is characterized in that, the circuit structure of charger is: high-voltage rectifying filter circuit 1 is divided into two-way output, and a road is led to voltage conversion circuit 4, current sensor circuit 6, charging output control circuit 11 successively; Accessory power supply 8 is led on another road; Three groups of low-tension supplies that accessory power supply 8 converts out, wherein one group leads to active reset circuit 3; Another group is led to respectively current detection circuit 2, high-pressure modular circuit 9 and drive circuit 10; Also have one group and lead to successively low-voltage module circuit 12, indicator light circuit 5; High-pressure modular circuit 9 leads to respectively active reset circuit 3 and drive circuit 10, and drive circuit 10 leads to charging output control circuit 11; High-voltage rectifying filter circuit 1 has formed power converter major loop with voltage conversion circuit 4, current sensor circuit 6, charging output control circuit 11 successively; Current sensor circuit 6 is led to high-pressure modular circuit 9 through current detection circuit 2, and drive circuit 10 leads to charging output control circuit 11, forms current detecting and the Current limited Control loop of power converter major loop; Lower pressure rectifier filter circuit 7, low-voltage module circuit 12, high-pressure modular circuit 9, drive circuit 10, charging output control circuit 11, current sensor circuit 6, voltage conversion circuit 4, detection and conversion and the charging current control loop in composition each stage of charging.
Charging method for valve sealing lead acid accumulator, is characterized in that, charging process is divided interrupted mise-a-la-masse method precharge, gradually fallen the main charging of current method, the trickle charge of constant voltage charge method and interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge four-stage:
A, interrupted mise-a-la-masse method precharge: when valve-regulated lead-acid battery is because of deep discharge, its voltage is lower than rated voltage, while not allowing large current charge, intermittently charge, and charging current is less with filling several seconds, the method for stopping several seconds; In the time that valve-regulated lead-acid battery charging voltage reaches permission large current charge, can proceed to main charged state;
B, gradually fall the main charging of current method: valve-regulated lead-acid battery voltage reaches while allowing large current charge voltage, carries out the main charging of constant current, along with the rising of battery tension, the main charging current of filling is when approaching soon storage battery and allowing charging curve, and electric current declines gradually; In the time of 20 DEG C of temperature, in the time that being charged to every cell voltage 2.4V left and right, battery tension enters constant voltage charge, not in the time of 20 DEG C of temperature, give certain temperature-compensating according to the needs of storage battery;
C, the trickle charge of constant voltage charge method: with under the voltage of every unit 2.4V left and right to storage battery constant voltage charge, charging current continues to decline, and in the time that electric current drops to 0.05C left and right, proceeds to boost charge;
D, interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge: fill several seconds, stop several seconds interrupted charging methods and give to supplement electric, select a suitable charging current and suitable stop voltage according to different storage batterys, along with the rising charged electrical of the voltage nature that fails to be convened for lack of a quorum declines, after intermittently charging about three hours, charging finishes.
Boost charge adopts the object of interrupted mise-a-la-masse method to be, in the time that charge in batteries stops, its ohmic polarization disappears, and concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization also weaken gradually, and charging side reaction also stops thereupon.Can effectively reduce the charging side reaction of battery, reduce brine electrolysis thereby reduce polarization, reduce the energy consumption producing when gas recombination, also be conducive to the chemical combination again of gas, improve gas recombination rate, and reduce dehydration.Reduce the charging heating producing because of polarization resistance, reduce charge in batteries temperature rise, also can make every lattice battery obtain equalizing charge, increasing storage battery service life, improves charge efficiency simultaneously.
According to the chemical reaction of battery in charging process, charging side reaction in charging process, mainly occur in the charging later stage, having done in the research work of a large amount of elimination battery charging process side reaction, find in any case traditional three sections or four sections of constant voltages, current constant modes to improve, all can not eliminate the side reaction in charging process; And the generation of polarizing voltage is with size and the way of output substantial connection of charging current.Constant current, constant voltage charging method, its charging current is constantly to export always, may not eliminate " polarization " phenomenon of battery.The charging later stage adopts interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge, and in the time that battery charging stops, the ohmic polarization of battery disappears, and concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization also weaken gradually, and charging side reaction also stops thereupon.The minimizing of charging side reaction, battery just can be accepted larger charging current, and charging rate can be accelerated, and charging capacity can improve, the interrupted original theory foundation of charging modes that Here it is.Evidence, the charging current of charger is exported in interrupted mode, can also accelerate the reaction speed of active material, effectively prevents electrolyte sulfuration crystallization, and can effectively smash the crystalline particle having occurred; Meanwhile, due to the disappearance of battery " polarization " phenomenon, thereby reduce brine electrolysis, improve gas recombination rate, and reduce dehydration; Pulse current again can activated batteries inside, profound ground active material, thereby significantly improve the charging available capacity of storage battery.
The deadly defect of traditional three sections or four sections of constant voltages, current constant mode charger is: constant voltage charge value is high and to turn charging flow valuve low, cause the bad adaptability to internal storage battery and external condition, also poor to the adaptability of different batteries, voltage to charger itself, the accuracy of detection of electric current require also high, once drift occurs just can not be charged normal, fill bad phenomenon therefore often there is storage battery, not so storage battery just can not be full of, and can cause sulfuration and capacity loss.The present invention does not have above-mentioned shortcoming.
Brief description of the drawings
The typical charger charging curve of Fig. 1 tradition;
Fig. 2 is the charger charging curve of the invention;
Fig. 3 charger workflow diagram.
Embodiment
Charger charging method of the present invention is: charging process is divided interrupted mise-a-la-masse method precharge, gradually fallen the main charging of current method, the trickle charge of constant voltage charge method and interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge four-stage.Charge mode taking main charging current as 0.2C is example, and charging process is described:
1, interrupted mise-a-la-masse method precharge: in the time of valve-regulated lead-acid battery generation deep discharge, (the every cell voltage of storage battery is less than 1.9V), in order to prevent under storage battery under-voltage condition, the electrochemical reaction of pole plate is blunt, internal resistance is larger, large current charge can cause storage battery overheated overcharge phenomenon, advanced line precharge; Precharge adopts interrupted mise-a-la-masse method, (fill 2 seconds, stop interrupted charging in 2 seconds) as shown in Figure 2, and charging current is 1/3rd left and right (0.07C, average current is 0.035C) of main charging stream, this is conducive to the activation of accumulator plate; In the time that valve-regulated lead-acid battery charging voltage reaches the every unit of 1.9V, can proceed to the main state that fills.
2, the main charging of current method is gradually fallen: main charging starts with 0.2C current charges, utilize Switching Power Supply of the present invention power conversion characteristic (output voltage raise time electric current can decline, can improve the efficiency of Switching Power Supply), be charged to 2.25V from every unit 1.9V and adopt constant current charge, 2.25V gradually falls to 2.4V section charging current, / 3rd left and right can decline, all in the acceptable electric current of storage battery, (drop to 0.13C left and right from 0.2C) as shown in Figure 2, compared with the constant current charge of traditional charging method first stage, more meet the charge characteristic of storage battery, can also shorten the charging interval, as shown in Figure 2, utilize to greatest extent the power capacity of Switching Power Supply, improve charge efficiency, can power saving 6% left and right compared with conventional charger through contrast test.In the time that being charged to every cell voltage 2.4V (temperature is as the criterion with 20 DEG C, the temperature-compensating of when variations in temperature, have-3mV/ DEG C), battery tension enters constant voltage charge.Compared with traditional three sections or four sections of mise-a-la-masse methods, the voltage drop of constant voltage charge every unit 0.05V left and right, can ensure that under various environmental conditions, storage battery can be charged to this voltage, to enter reliably the conversion of next stage; Can also reduce charging side reaction and reduce brine electrolysis, reduce the heating of storage battery.
3, constant voltage charge method trickle charge: with under the voltage of every unit 2.4V to storage battery constant voltage charge, charging current declines gradually from about 0.13C, in the time that electric current drops to 0.05C left and right, proceeds to boost charge, as shown in Figure 2.Compared with traditional three sections or four sections of mise-a-la-masse methods, turning charging stream has increased more than one times; The larger charging that turns is flowed, and can ensure that under various environmental conditions, storage battery can be transformed into interrupted charging by constant voltage charge; Effectively avoid the factor such as extent of corrosion and external temperature condition because of internal storage battery concentration of electrolyte, pole plate, make charging current can not drop to turn on time and fill a little; Avoid the brine electrolysis of long-time high voltage low current charge generation and the water circulation of gas recombination, evolution of heat meeting causes thermal runaway; Also can avoid other some injuries to storage battery of charging side reaction of this period, and reduce that this period pole plate is inner occurs sulfuration crystallization.
4, interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge: turn charging flow valuve because having reduced constant voltage charge value and having improved, at this moment battery capacity can only be charged to 90% left and right, and remaining 10% electric weight adopts the interrupted mise-a-la-masse method of pressure limiting (every cell voltage 2.5V) (fill 2 seconds, stop 2 seconds) to give to fill.As shown in Figure 2, maximum charging current is 1/3rd left and right (0.07C of main charging stream, along with the rising electric current of voltage can decline, in the time that battery tension approaches every unit 2.5V, interrupted charging current trends towards 0.01C (average current), and the rear charging about three hours of intermittently charging finishes.Boost charge adopts the object of interrupted mise-a-la-masse method to be, in the time that charge in batteries stops, its ohmic polarization disappears, and concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization also weaken gradually, and charging side reaction also stops thereupon.Can effectively reduce the charging side reaction of battery, reduce brine electrolysis thereby reduce polarization, reduce the energy consumption producing when gas recombination, also be conducive to the chemical combination again of gas, improve gas recombination rate, and reduce dehydration.Reduce the charging heating producing because of polarization resistance, reduce charge in batteries temperature rise, also can make every lattice battery obtain equalizing charge, increasing storage battery service life, improves charging effect simultaneously.
According to the chemical reaction of battery in charging process, charging side reaction in charging process, mainly occur in the charging later stage, having done in the research work of a large amount of elimination battery charging process side reaction, find in any case traditional three sections or four sections of constant voltages, current constant modes to improve, all can not eliminate the side reaction in charging process; And the generation of polarizing voltage is with size and the way of output substantial connection of charging current.Constant current, constant voltage charging method, its charging current is constantly to export always, may not eliminate " polarization " phenomenon of battery.The charging later stage adopts interrupted mise-a-la-masse method boost charge, and in the time that battery charging stops, the ohmic polarization of battery disappears, and concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization also weaken gradually, and charging side reaction also stops thereupon.The minimizing of charging side reaction, battery just can be accepted larger charging current, and charging rate can be accelerated, and charging capacity can improve, the interrupted original theory foundation of charging modes that Here it is.Evidence, the charging current of charger is exported in interrupted mode, can also accelerate the reaction speed of active material, effectively prevents electrolyte sulfuration crystallization, and can effectively smash the crystalline particle having occurred; Meanwhile, due to the disappearance of battery " polarization " phenomenon, thereby reduce brine electrolysis, improve gas recombination rate, and reduce dehydration; Pulse current again can activated batteries inside, profound ground active material, thereby significantly improve the charging available capacity of storage battery.
The deadly defect of traditional three sections or four sections of constant voltages, current constant mode charger is: constant voltage charge value is high and to turn charging flow valuve low, cause the bad adaptability to internal storage battery and external condition, also poor to the adaptability of different batteries, voltage to charger itself, the accuracy of detection of electric current require also high, once drift occurs just can not be charged normal, fill bad phenomenon therefore often there is storage battery, not so storage battery just can not be full of, and can cause sulfuration and capacity loss.The present invention does not have above-mentioned shortcoming.
5, the circuit of charger can have kinds of schemes, charger workflow of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, wherein form 5 by high-voltage rectifying filter circuit 1, current detection circuit 2, active reset circuit 3, voltage conversion circuit 4, indicator light and fan circuit, current sensor circuit 6, lower pressure rectifier filter circuit 7, auxiliary power circuit 8, high-pressure modular circuit 9, drive circuit 10, charging output control circuit 11, low-voltage module circuit 12, as shown in Figure 3.
The circuit structure of charger is: high-voltage rectifying filter circuit 1 is divided into two-way output, and a road is led to voltage conversion circuit 4, current sensor circuit 6, charging output control circuit 11 successively; Accessory power supply 8 is led on another road; Three groups of low-tension supplies that accessory power supply 8 converts out, wherein one group leads to active reset circuit 3; Another group is led to respectively current detection circuit 2, high-pressure modular circuit 9 and drive circuit 10; Also have one group and lead to successively low-voltage module circuit 12, indicator light circuit 5; High-pressure modular circuit 9 leads to respectively active reset circuit 3 and drive circuit 10, and drive circuit 10 leads to charging output control circuit 11; High-voltage rectifying filter circuit 1 has formed power converter major loop with voltage conversion circuit 4, current sensor circuit 6, charging output control circuit 11 successively; Current sensor circuit 6 is led to high-pressure modular circuit 9 through current detection circuit 2, and drive circuit 10 leads to charging output control circuit 11, forms current detecting and the Current limited Control loop of power converter major loop; Lower pressure rectifier filter circuit 7, low-voltage module circuit 12, high-pressure modular circuit 9, drive circuit 10, charging output control circuit 11, current sensor circuit 6, voltage conversion circuit 4, detection and conversion and the charging current control loop in a composition charging stage.
The charger course of work is: mains supply, by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 1, becomes 220V AC rectification the direct current of 310V, and it is divided into two-way output, and a road powers to voltage conversion circuit 4, current sensor circuit 6, charging output control circuit 11, another road powers to accessory power supply 8, three groups of low-tension supplies that accessory power supply 8 converts out, wherein one group be independently+20V and-positive-negative power of 7V, power to active reset circuit 3, another group and 310V power supply altogether+20V and-positive-negative power of 7V, wherein+20V power supply is powered to current detection circuit 2, high-pressure modular circuit 9 ,+20V and-positive-negative power of 7V powers to drive circuit 10, also have one group with lower pressure rectifier filter circuit 7 altogether+11V power supply, power to low-voltage module circuit 12, indicator light circuit 5, high-pressure modular circuit 9 just produces pulse signal after obtaining and powering and is transferred to drive circuit 10, through drive circuit 10 be transformed into positive negative pulse stuffing signal and through overcurrent amplify after, be transferred to charging output control circuit 11, the operating frequency of control switch pipe and switching time, to control the charging current of charger, current sensor circuit 6 detects pulsed current signal simultaneously, pass to current detection circuit 2, current detection circuit 2 according to the form of pulsed current signal after corresponding Shape correction, the pulse voltage of a respective magnitudes of output sends high-pressure modular circuit 9 to, if exceed restriction amplitude, high-pressure modular circuit 9 meeting interruption pulse signals, if do not exceed restriction amplitude, high-pressure modular circuit 9 can transmit original pulsewidth of setting, the pulse voltage of 310V is transformed into the required voltage of charge in batteries by voltage conversion circuit 4, charge a battery by lower pressure rectifier filter circuit 7 again, after high-pressure modular circuit 9 is given drive circuit 10 transmission pulse signal ended, give active reset circuit 3 transmission pulse signals, charging output control circuit 11 is closed and had no progeny, the remanent magnetism staying in magnetic core of transformer is eliminated under the effect of active reset circuit 3, the remanent magnetism amount of magnetic core of transformer is remained in particular range, thereby ensure next of transformer transfer power transformation period.Low-voltage module circuit 12 judges that according to battery tension and charging current charger is operated in the preliminary filling stage, master fills the stage, tiny stream fills stage or supplemental stages, to control high-pressure modular, the pulse duration that makes it to provide suitable is to the section opened and close of charging output control circuit, to control the charging current of charger.Indicator light and fan circuit obtain pulse current from lower pressure rectifier filter circuit, to show charged state and drive fan running.
6, the charging method of this charger can larger electric current (if main charging stream is 0.5C, 1C) be charge in batteries, to realize the quick charge of electric motor car.
Claims (1)
1. a charger, it is characterized in that, the circuit structure of charger is: high-voltage rectifying filter circuit (1) is divided into two-way output, and a road is led to voltage conversion circuit (4), current sensor circuit (6), charging output control circuit (11) successively; Accessory power supply (8) is led on another road; Three groups of low-tension supplies that accessory power supply (8) converts out, wherein one group leads to active reset circuit (3); Another group is led to respectively current detection circuit (2), high-pressure modular circuit (9) and drive circuit (10); Also have one group and lead to successively low-voltage module circuit (12), indicator light circuit (5); High-pressure modular circuit (9) leads to respectively active reset circuit (3) and drive circuit (10), drive circuit (10) leads to charging output control circuit (11), and high-voltage rectifying filter circuit (1) has formed power converter major loop with voltage conversion circuit (4), current sensor circuit (6), charging output control circuit (11) successively; Current sensor circuit (6) is led to high-pressure modular circuit (9) through current detection circuit (2), drive circuit (10) leads to charging output control circuit (11), forms current detecting and the Current limited Control loop of power converter major loop; Lower pressure rectifier filter circuit (7), low-voltage module circuit (12), high-pressure modular circuit (9), drive circuit (10), charging output control circuit (11), current sensor circuit (6), voltage conversion circuit (4), detection and conversion and the charging current control loop in composition each stage of charging.
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| CN201320802616.1U CN203690967U (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger |
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| CN201320802616.1U CN203690967U (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | Valve regulated sealed lead acid battery charger |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618362A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 兰溪市迅捷机电有限公司 | Valve control seal lead-acid storage battery charger and charging method thereof |
| CN104134828A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-05 | 江苏苏中电池科技发展有限公司 | Charging method of lead-calcium internalized battery |
| CN104269581A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽超威电源有限公司 | Method for charging storage battery for electrically propelled road vehicles |
| CN104134828B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏海宝电池科技有限公司 | A kind of lead calcium is internalized into the charging method of battery |
-
2013
- 2013-11-28 CN CN201320802616.1U patent/CN203690967U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618362A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 兰溪市迅捷机电有限公司 | Valve control seal lead-acid storage battery charger and charging method thereof |
| CN103618362B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江迅捷电气科技有限公司 | Valve control seal lead-acid storage battery charger and charging method thereof |
| CN104134828A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-05 | 江苏苏中电池科技发展有限公司 | Charging method of lead-calcium internalized battery |
| CN104134828B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏海宝电池科技有限公司 | A kind of lead calcium is internalized into the charging method of battery |
| CN104269581A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽超威电源有限公司 | Method for charging storage battery for electrically propelled road vehicles |
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Granted publication date: 20140702 Termination date: 20151128 |