A kind of transformer station noise reduction sound absorber
Technical field
The utility model relates to the device of the damping noise of transformer station, is specifically related to a kind of transformer station noise reduction sound absorber.
Background technology
Transformer station is important electric power place, and due to the demand that continuous expansion and the city network in city are transformed, some transformer stations will be built in shopping centre and residential block sometimes, so reduce very outstanding that transformer noise just becomes.Noise is contaminated environment not only, and harm humans is healthy, and the noise of transformer also affects the size of the floor space of the normal operation of equipment and transformer station.
The harm of noise on human is very large, and long-term people under noise effect tends to occur following symptom: the one, affect hearing.The 2nd, affect study and work, disturb sleep.The 3rd, affect cardiovascular function and internal system.This is mainly manifested in rapid heart beat, cardiac arrhythmia, hyperpiesia etc.The 4th, harm central nervous system.People there will be the symptoms such as headache, otalgia dreaminess, failure of memory, malaise for a long time in noise circumstance.The 5th, affect children's intellectual development.Have report to point out, the intelligence of the children under noise circumstance is lower by 20% than the children under quiet environment, and noise is also influential to the growth of fetus.
Most of transformer noises do not belong to the very noisy of high-decibel, but its low-frequency noise producing in most cases can produce chronic injury to human body, easily make people's agitation, irritability, sometimes even lose one's marbles, the words of being harassed for a long time, pregnant woman also may cause the nervous system diseases such as neurasthenia, insomnia, if also can have influence on the growth of foetus for a long time in low-frequency noise.Have environmental impact assessment expert to point out, although low-frequency noise does not have high-frequency noise so obvious on physiological impact, its can go directly otica of people, makes people's sympatheticotonia, causes the symptoms such as heartbeat is overrun, blood pressure rising, endocrinopathy.Because low-frequency noise is mainly by structure-borne sound transmission, so be easy to cause people's sensation sympathetic response.Generally speaking, people to low-frequency noise to restrain oneself degree relative also lower.Under normal circumstances, 30 to 35 decibels of common people can also accept, and 35 decibels just someone will obviously feel the uncomfortable situation such as nervous, irritated above.
Main transformer (transformer) and high voltage reactor are the Main Noise Sources of transformer station, the specificity analysis of transformer noise frequency spectrum is found to the noise energy of transformer noise body concentrates on and take on a series of harmonics compositions that 50Hz is fundamental frequency, the noise of fan mainly be take high frequency as main.The frequency of noise is lower, and the wavelength of noise is longer, low with range attenuation rate, is difficult for being absorbed.Therefore the noise of factory's circle place's fan is because take high frequency as main, and overall attenuation is larger, so factory's circle noise mainly be take transformer body noise as main, a series of harmonics that the 50Hz of take is fundamental frequency, wherein take 100Hz-200Hz especially as main.The utility model people finds that through long-term observation, research existing auxiliary noise reduction measure is generally only applicable to the noise abatement of medium-high frequency.For with low-frequency noise Wei Zhu transformer station, noise reduction is poor.Therefore the sound absorber of, being badly in need of a kind of noise spy for transformer station of research and development improves the whole acoustic environment of transformer station.
For the noise of transformer in transformer station, be mainly at present the composite construction of employing " micropunch+sound-absorbing material+cavity ", for example application number is CN200810093888.2, utility model name is called the utility application of " a kind of converter transformer denoising device ", relate to a kind of converter transformer denoising device, by header board, the skeleton arranging in top board and header board and top board forms, header board and the top board sound insulation backboard of serving as reasons, the composite construction that support metal net and sound absorption panel form, sound absorption panel consists of micropunch panel and sound-absorbing material, between sound insulation backboard and described support metal net, be provided with cavity, between skeleton, be also provided with the centrifugally glass-wool being wrapped up by glass cloth.Existing sound-absorbing material adopts sound absorption cotton more, its perforated plate perforate is larger, rainwater or steam very easily infiltrate in plate, the cotton that makes to absorb sound makes moist, greatly reduce acoustically effective, so the acoustically effective of porous sound absorption barrier can decline to a great extent in time, though now low frequency is had to acoustically effective, but strong not, especially not good enough to its acoustically effective of the noise below 200Hz.
In view of the heat accumulation function of centrifugally glass-wool, reduction that therefore also must be maximum is arranged on the accumulation of heat of the sound absorption structure on transformer room's surroundings wall and heat insulation function in addition.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the utility model, for main transformer in transformer station and reactor spectral characteristics of noise, provides a kind of transformer station noise reduction sound absorber, utilizes dull and stereotyped resonance and micropunch combination sound absorption.Through analogue simulation analysis and laboratory's compliance test result, this utility model can effectively absorb substation transformer and high voltage reactor low-frequency noise, reaches the object that reduces the outer sensitive spot of factory circle of transformer station and station.
For realizing above-mentioned utility model object, the technical scheme that the utility model is taked is:
A noise reduction sound absorber, is the hexahedron that comprises that resonance sound-absorbing part forms, and uses the keel perpendicular to described hexahedron basal plane to be divided into two parts, and wherein a part is provided with sound absorption hole.
This device comprises basal plane and skeleton, between skeleton and basal plane, hexahedral each panel and skeleton, by connector, is fixedly connected with, and being fixedly connected with can be for bolt can be also welding, and each junction adopts encapsulation process; Hexahedron is divided into two-part keel perpendicular to basal plane; Hexahedron can be cuboid.
Further, the hexahedral face parallel with basal plane is a kind of in glued board, metallic plate, plasterboard or acrylic board.
Further, metallic plate is galvanized sheet or aluminium sheet.
Further, the thickness of glued board or metallic plate is 0.3mm~0.7mm.
Further, the thickness of glued board or metallic plate is 0.5mm.
Further, the thickness of plasterboard is 6mm~9mm, and the thickness of acrylic board is 1mm~5mm.
Further, the thickness of occluded air layer that is not provided with flat board and the basal plane formation of sound absorption bore portion is 90mm~15030mm.
Further, the thickness of occluded air layer that is not provided with flat board and the basal plane formation of sound absorption bore portion is 100mm.
Be not provided with the flat board of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer that basal plane forms, form dull and stereotyped resonance sound-absorbing structure.By the elasticity of dull and stereotyped elasticity and air layer and resonator system of the form of quality of plate, near system resonance frequency, there is larger sound absorption.When sound wave incides slab construction, flat board excites lower and vibrates at the high pressure changeable of sound wave, and flat board is occured bending and deformation, and has occurred intralamellar part frictional dissipation, and when resonance frequency, sound energy consumption is maximum.
Further, the dull and stereotyped surface uniform that is provided with sound absorption hole is distributed with circular hole, and aperture is 0.5mm~1.0mm, and punching rate is 0.2%~0.4%, and the thickness that is provided with the flat board in sound absorption hole and the air layer of basal plane formation is 95mm~200mm.
Further, the dull and stereotyped aperture that is provided with sound absorption hole is 1mm, and punching rate is 0.2%, and the thickness that is provided with the flat board in sound absorption hole and the air layer of basal plane formation is 100mm.
Be provided with the flat board in sound absorption hole and the air layer that basal plane forms, form micropunch resonance sound-absorbing structure.On flat board, bore a hole and air layer is set after flat board, can be regarded as the resonator system that quality and spring form.When incident sound wave frequency is consistent with system resonance frequency, the cavity of perforated plate produces vibration friction, plays the effect of sound absorption.
Microperforated panel is compared with common perforated plate, and acoustic resistance greatly improves with the ratio of acoustic mass, is good sound-absorbing material.
According to the computing formula of microperforated panel formant:
Wherein: f
0resonance frequency, Hz;
C is the velocity of sound, and m/s generally gets 340m/s;
P is punching rate, and perforation field accounts for to obtain percentage in the gross area again;
D is the thickness of air layer after perforated plate, cm;
L
kthe effective length of neck, cm; When aperture d is greater than thickness of slab t, l
k=t+0.8d;
While pasting porous material in aperture, l
k=t+1.2d.
In identical chamber body situation, the absworption peak of microperforated panel soundabsorbing construction moves to high frequency direction along with the increase of punching rate.In the situation that formant (the namely frequency of absorption coefficient maximum) is constant, it is large that punching rate Bian great ,Ze chamber need to become deeply on year-on-year basis.And compact arrangement of equipment in transformer station requires the thickness of sound absorption structure can not be too large.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model comprise:
1. the sound absorber in the utility model, without sound-absorbing material, is only cavity, the problem that does not have fibre deformation to lose efficacy and flew upward, and cost-saving.
2. the sound absorber in the utility model, without the material of the accumulation of heats such as centrifugally glass-wool, can not produce heat dissipation problem.
3. the utility model is the novel low-frequency sound absorber for the noise characteristic utility model of transformer station.The combination of design and design cavity thickness are good for low frequency absorption performance, can effectively reduce transformer and the low-frequency noise of high voltage reactor in route of transmission.Wherein especially best to the sound absorbing capabilities of design frequency.
4. the sound absorber in the utility model, by adjusting the cavity thickness of sound absorber, can effectively be adjusted its sound sucting band, can be applicable in other situation that need to absorb sound for frequency band.
5. the sound absorber in the utility model is simple in structure, makes simple, with low cost.
6. the sound absorber corrosion resistance in the utility model is strong and useful life is long.
7. the sound absorber in the utility model easily mounts and dismounts.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sound absorber schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is sound absorber scheme of installation;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the utility model is described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of transformer station of the present utility model noise reduction sound absorber, is the hexahedron that comprises that resonance sound-absorbing part forms, and uses the keel perpendicular to described hexahedron basal plane to be divided into two parts, and wherein a part is provided with sound absorption hole.
This device comprises basal plane and skeleton, and basal plane is galvanized steel plain sheet, the square steel that skeleton is 400mm*10mm*10mm, and between skeleton and basal plane, hexahedral each panel and skeleton, by being welded to connect, and each junction adopts encapsulation process; Hexahedron is divided into two-part keel perpendicular to basal plane; Hexahedron is cuboid.
The face parallel with basal plane of cuboid is galvanized sheet.Every of galvanized sheet is 800mm*800mm*0.5mm.The thickness that is not provided with the galvanized sheet of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer of basal plane formation is 100mm.
Be not provided with the galvanized sheet of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer that basal plane forms, form dull and stereotyped resonance sound-absorbing structure.Resonator system of the form of quality by the elasticity of galvanized sheet and the elasticity of air layer and plate has larger sound absorption near system resonance frequency.When sound wave incides slab construction, flat board excites lower and vibrates at the high pressure changeable of sound wave, and flat board is occured bending and deformation, and has occurred intralamellar part frictional dissipation, and when resonance frequency, sound energy consumption is maximum.Noise sound absorption mainly for 100Hz.
The surface uniform that is provided with the galvanized sheet in sound absorption hole is distributed with circular hole, and aperture is 1.0mm, and punching rate is 0.2%, and the thickness that is provided with the galvanized sheet in sound absorption hole and the air layer of basal plane formation is 100mm.
Be provided with the galvanized sheet in sound absorption hole and the air layer that basal plane forms, form micropunch resonance sound-absorbing structure.On galvanized sheet, bore a hole and air layer is set after galvanized sheet, can be regarded as the resonator system that quality and spring form.When incident sound wave frequency is consistent with system resonance frequency, the cavity of perforated plate produces vibration friction, plays the effect of sound absorption.Noise sound absorption mainly for 200Hz.
Microperforated panel is compared with common perforated plate, and acoustic resistance greatly improves with the ratio of acoustic mass, is good sound-absorbing material.
According to the computing formula of microperforated panel formant:
Wherein: f
0resonance frequency, Hz;
C is the velocity of sound, and m/s generally gets 340m/s;
P is punching rate, and perforation field accounts for to obtain percentage in the gross area again;
D is the thickness of air layer after perforated plate, cm;
L
kthe effective length of neck, cm; When aperture d is greater than thickness of slab t, l
k=t+0.8d;
While pasting porous material in aperture, l
k=t+1.2d.
In identical chamber body situation, the absworption peak of microperforated panel soundabsorbing construction moves to high frequency direction along with the increase of punching rate.In the situation that formant (the namely frequency of absorption coefficient maximum) is constant, it is large that punching rate Bian great ,Ze chamber need to become deeply on year-on-year basis.And compact arrangement of equipment in transformer station requires the thickness of sound absorption structure can not be too large.Acoustic absorptivity under the sound absorber different frequency that table 1 obtains for reverberation room test.
Acoustic absorptivity under table 1 sound absorber different frequency
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of transformer station of the present utility model noise reduction sound absorber, is the hexahedron that comprises that resonance sound-absorbing part forms, and uses the keel perpendicular to described hexahedron basal plane to be divided into two parts, and wherein a part is provided with sound absorption hole.
This device comprises basal plane and skeleton, and basal plane is galvanized steel plain sheet, the square steel that skeleton is 400mm*10mm*10mm, and between skeleton and basal plane, hexahedral each panel and skeleton, by being welded to connect, and each junction adopts encapsulation process; Hexahedron is divided into two-part keel perpendicular to basal plane; Hexahedron is cuboid.
The face parallel with basal plane of cuboid is plasterboard.Every of plasterboard is 800mm*800mm*8mm.The thickness that is not provided with the plasterboard of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer of basal plane formation is 90mm.
Be not provided with the plasterboard of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer that basal plane forms, form dull and stereotyped resonance sound-absorbing structure.By the elasticity of dull and stereotyped elasticity and air layer and resonator system of the form of quality of plate, near system resonance frequency, there is larger sound absorption.When sound wave incides slab construction, flat board excites lower and vibrates at the high pressure changeable of sound wave, and flat board is occured bending and deformation, and has occurred intralamellar part frictional dissipation, and when resonance frequency, sound energy consumption is maximum.Noise sound absorption mainly for 100Hz.
The surface uniform that is provided with the plasterboard in sound absorption hole is distributed with circular hole, and aperture is 1.0mm, and punching rate is 0.21%, and the thickness that is provided with the plasterboard in sound absorption hole and the air layer of basal plane formation is 95mm.
Be provided with the plasterboard in sound absorption hole and the air layer that basal plane forms, form micropunch resonance sound-absorbing structure.On plasterboard, bore a hole and air layer is set after flat board, can be regarded as the resonator system that quality and spring form.When incident sound wave frequency is consistent with system resonance frequency, the cavity of perforated plate produces vibration friction, plays the effect of sound absorption.Noise sound absorption mainly for 200Hz.
Microperforated panel is compared with common perforated plate, and acoustic resistance greatly improves with the ratio of acoustic mass, is good sound-absorbing material.
According to the computing formula of microperforated panel formant:
Wherein: f
0resonance frequency, Hz;
C is the velocity of sound, and m/s generally gets 340m/s;
P is punching rate, and perforation field accounts for to obtain percentage in the gross area again;
D is the thickness of air layer after perforated plate, cm;
L
kthe effective length of neck, cm; When aperture d is greater than thickness of slab t, l
k=t+0.8d;
While pasting porous material in aperture, l
k=t+1.2d.
In identical chamber body situation, the absworption peak of microperforated panel soundabsorbing construction moves to high frequency direction along with the increase of punching rate.In the situation that formant (the namely frequency of absorption coefficient maximum) is constant, it is large that punching rate Bian great ,Ze chamber need to become deeply on year-on-year basis.And compact arrangement of equipment in transformer station requires the thickness of sound absorption structure can not be too large.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of transformer station of the present utility model noise reduction sound absorber, is the hexahedron that comprises that resonance sound-absorbing part forms, and uses the keel perpendicular to described hexahedron basal plane to be divided into two parts, and wherein a part is provided with sound absorption hole.
This device comprises basal plane and skeleton, and basal plane is galvanized steel plain sheet, the square steel that skeleton is 400mm*10mm*10mm, and between skeleton and basal plane, hexahedral each panel and skeleton, by being welded to connect, and each junction adopts encapsulation process; Hexahedron is divided into two-part keel perpendicular to basal plane; Hexahedron is cuboid.
The face parallel with basal plane of cuboid is acrylic board.Every of acrylic board is 800mm*800mm*5mm.The thickness that is not provided with the acrylic board of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer of basal plane formation is 150mm.
Be not provided with the acrylic board of sound absorption bore portion and the occluded air layer that basal plane forms, form dull and stereotyped resonance sound-absorbing structure.By the elasticity of dull and stereotyped elasticity and air layer and resonator system of the form of quality of plate, near system resonance frequency, there is larger sound absorption.When sound wave incides slab construction, flat board excites lower and vibrates at the high pressure changeable of sound wave, and flat board is occured bending and deformation, and has occurred intralamellar part frictional dissipation, and when resonance frequency, sound energy consumption is maximum.Noise sound absorption mainly for 100Hz.
The surface uniform that is provided with the acrylic board in sound absorption hole is distributed with circular hole, and aperture is 1.0mm, and punching rate is 0.25%, and the thickness that is provided with the acrylic board in sound absorption hole and the air layer of basal plane formation is 180mm.
Be provided with the acrylic board in sound absorption hole and the air layer that basal plane forms, form micropunch resonance sound-absorbing structure.On acrylic board, bore a hole and air layer is set after flat board, can be regarded as the resonator system that quality and spring form.When incident sound wave frequency is consistent with system resonance frequency, the cavity of perforated plate produces vibration friction, plays the effect of sound absorption.Noise sound absorption mainly for 200Hz.
Microperforated panel is compared with common perforated plate, and acoustic resistance greatly improves with the ratio of acoustic mass, is good sound-absorbing material.
According to the computing formula of microperforated panel formant:
Wherein: f
0resonance frequency, Hz;
C is the velocity of sound, and m/s generally gets 340m/s;
P is punching rate, and perforation field accounts for to obtain percentage in the gross area again;
D is the thickness of air layer after perforated plate, cm;
L
kthe effective length of neck, cm; When aperture d is greater than thickness of slab t, l
k=t+0.8d;
While pasting porous material in aperture, l
k=t+1.2d.
In identical chamber body situation, the absworption peak of microperforated panel soundabsorbing construction moves to high frequency direction along with the increase of punching rate.In the situation that formant (the namely frequency of absorption coefficient maximum) is constant, it is large that punching rate Bian great ,Ze chamber need to become deeply on year-on-year basis.And compact arrangement of equipment in transformer station requires the thickness of sound absorption structure can not be too large.
As shown in Figure 2, for indoor substation, this device can be arranged on transformer chamber's inwall, can effectively reduce noise 3-8dB(A).
For outdoor substation, this device can be suspended on fire compartment wall, can effectively reduce noise 1-3dB(A).
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that the technical solution of the utility model is not intended to limit, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement embodiment of the present utility model, and do not depart from any modification of the utility model spirit and scope or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present utility model.