CN1945242A - Imaging method of high-stability interference imaging spectrometer and spectrometer for implementing same - Google Patents
Imaging method of high-stability interference imaging spectrometer and spectrometer for implementing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1945242A CN1945242A CN 200510096119 CN200510096119A CN1945242A CN 1945242 A CN1945242 A CN 1945242A CN 200510096119 CN200510096119 CN 200510096119 CN 200510096119 A CN200510096119 A CN 200510096119A CN 1945242 A CN1945242 A CN 1945242A
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Abstract
An imaging method for high-stability interference imaging spectrometer and the spectrometer for implementing the method are disclosed, wherein a collimating lens converts light from a target into parallel light beams, which are divided into reflected light beams I by a beam splitterFAnd a transmitted light beam IT. Reflected light beam IFAfter multiple reflections by the rotating mirror and the corner reflector, the light returns to the beam splitter and is converged to the detector by the Fourier lens to form a first light optical path. Transmitted light beam ITAfter multiple reflections by the corner reflector and the beam splitter, the light returns to the beam splitter and is converged to the detector by the Fourier lens to form a second light path. When the two beams of light reach the detector, an optical path difference is generated, and an interference spectrogram is generated on the detector. The interference spectrogram is subjected to Fourier transform by a computer processing system to obtain a restored target image. The invention solves the technical problems that the background technology can only sample single pixels, or the system has complex structure, poor stability and the like, has small workload of installation and calibration, reduces signal noise, has good real-time performance and is particularly suitable for large-area scanning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of index glass formula interference imaging method of quick acquisition target interference spectrum and realize the spectrometer of this method, be specifically related to a kind of formation method of high stability interference imaging spectrometer and realize the spectrometer of this method.
Background technology
Michelson interfere type time modulation aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, [D Simenoni.New concept forhigh-compact imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (IFTS) [C] .SPIE that imaging spectrometer early has French space space and strategic system branch to develop in 1991,1991,1479:127-138.], Michelson interfere type time modulation aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, [the Michael R Carter that developed in nineteen ninety-five in the sharp thing mole of U.S.'s Lawrence laboratory, Charles L Bennett, DavidJ Fields, et al.Live more imaging Fourier transform spectrometer[C] .SPIE, 1995,2480:380-386.].It adopts the linear reciprocating sweep mode, must turn to during each end of scan, treat stable after image data again.So, must provide corresponding relevant sampling collection of illustrative plates by a branch of reference laser during image data.Sweep velocity is controlled by servo-drive system, and provides retrace scanning when turning to, and along with the increase of sweep frequency, speed, becomes the pith of total scanning time two-way time.For the interferogram of being sampled accurately, the required bandwidth of servo-drive system sharply increases.And along with the increase of sweep velocity, resolution can be subjected to the restriction of above-mentioned factor.Because become the pith of total scanning time two-way time, dutycycle can reduce because of servo-drive system power, scanning device size, scanning device weight and the restriction of system stability time.For example, be the extremely difficult shuttle-scanning of realizing under 2.8 milliseconds the sweep frequency 360 times/second scannings, single sweep operation times.The return of 1-2 millisecond and stabilization time can be reduced to 33-50% with dutycycle.Under the very high situation of repetition frequency, will restrict the influential sweep length of resolution.Therefore, Michelson interfere type time modulation aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, poor stability, complex process only is applicable to that space and spectrum time change slower target.
The imaging of tilting mirror interference spectrum is time modulation type Mai Keerxun interference technique [the J.Peter Dybward of distortion, et.al. " New Interferometer Design Concept ", STC Technical Report 2637, Science and Technology Corp, Hampton, VA, under contract#DAAA15-89-D-007, US Army CRDEC, APG, MD, 8/92.], this technology is free sweeping in scanning process.Be that the tilting mirror rotation time only can obtain the interference light spectrogram in certain angle, and be that sky is swept in other angles.Inefficiency, and can only promptly can only scan point target single pixel sampling, can only be applied to the scanning of an angle light.
A kind of hypervelocity scanning Fourier changes infrared spectrometry [Peter R.Griffiths, Blayne L.Hirsche, Christopher J.Manning.Ultra-rapid-scanning Fourier transforminfared spectrometry.Vibrational Spectroscopy 19 (1999) 165-176.], though solved the problem that the tilting mirror sky is swept, but still can only be to single pixel sampling.If obtain line target or appearance target interference illustration, just must be in the anterior additional preposition scanning system of system, realization is to the scanning one by one of each point of target, gathers at last and obtains the interference illustration of whole target.The defective that exists is the system architecture complexity, and volume is bigger, Heavy Weight.Because real-time is poor, not only influence the quality of spectrogram, and sweep time is long, sweep velocity is low, and resolution is low, and the working range that is suitable for is also narrower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of formation method of high stability interference imaging spectrometer and realize the spectrometer of this method, it has solved in the background technology can only be to single pixel sampling, inefficiency, or system architecture complexity, sweep velocity are low, the technical matters of poor stability.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of formation method of high stability interference imaging spectrometer, its special character is: the performing step of this method comprises
1) collimation lens 1 will become parallel beam from the Beam Transformation of target;
2) beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I with parallel beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
TWherein
(i) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
F
1.. reflex to corner reflector 5 through tilting mirror 3, corner reflector 5 is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror 3 parallel with incident direction;
2.. tilting mirror 3 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2;
3.. the light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT
4.. transmitted light beam I
FTSee through beam splitter 2 and arrive fourier transform lens 7, the detector 8 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 7 focal planes receives, and forms the light path of the first bundle light;
The (ii) transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
T
1.. pressed the direction reflected back into beam splitter 2 parallel by corner reflector 6 with incident direction;
2.. the light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
3.. folded light beam I
TF, by fourier transform lens 7, the detector 8 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 7 focal planes receives, and forms the light path of the second bundle light;
3) light path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, produces the interference light spectrogram on detector 8;
4) the interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system 11 carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
A kind of spectrometer of realizing the formation method of above-mentioned high stability interference imaging spectrometer, comprise fourier transform lens 7, be positioned at the detector 8 on the focal plane of fourier transform lens 7, the computer processing system 11 that is connected with detector 8, be arranged at the collimation lens 1 on preposition optical system 10 primary optical axis, be arranged at the beam splitter 2 on the collimation lens 1 axes O O ', its special character is: it also comprises tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5-6; The position of the initial position of described tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5-6 should be satisfied: when tilting mirror 3 during in a certain location positioning,
1) the folded light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; It returns beam splitter 2 through tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5 reflections, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT, transmitted light beam I
FTArrive the light path of the light path formation first bundle light of detector 8 by fourier transform lens 7;
2) the transmitted light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
TBe the second bundle light; Its angle of arrival reverberator 6 through corner reflector 6 and more than 2 reflection of beam splitter, returns beam splitter 2, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT, folded light beam I
TFArrive the light path of the light path formation second bundle light of detector 8 by fourier transform lens 7;
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter 2 is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter 2 and is coincided;
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter 2
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter 2 with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps;
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light; The optical axis of described fourier transform lens 7 is positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides; Described beam splitter 2 is positioned at the initial incident light that can receive by collimation lens 1, can receives reflected light and the position on collimation lens 1 axes O O ' through tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5 reflected backs again.
Above-mentioned detector 8 is advisable to adopt infrared eye.
Above-mentioned tilting mirror 3 is to constitute suitable by cylindrical angled end-face.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. can realize high frequency sweep, and good stability.Adopt the rotary mirror type index glass, system's operation is continuous, and when sweep velocity was very high, because action of inertia, the rotating servo system still can keep stability preferably.
2. antijamming capability is strong.Because it is short to obtain the time compole of interferogram, system is low to the degree of vibration sensing, and the mechanical vibration frequency does not generally have influence to the quality of spectrogram.
3. the light path of corner reflector and tilting mirror coupling formation has the self compensation characteristic, thereby makes the present invention have better anti-interference.
4. scan efficiency height.Tilting mirror, rotates under the drive of motor as reflecting surface with a cylindrical end face with certain degree of tilt, and no sky is swept phenomenon, the scan efficiency height.
5. can realize that line target or appearance target directly scan.Adopt corner reflector, can not only scan primary optical axis light, also can scan light, can directly scan, shortened sweep time, further improved the quality of scan efficiency and spectrogram line target or appearance mark with certain angle.
6. real-time is good, the resolution height, and working range is wide.Especially be applicable to large-area scanning than general objective.
7. low in energy consumption, required driving power is little.
8. corner reflector only adopts two, and structure is simpler, and volume is littler, and weight is lighter.
9. during actual processing, technology difficulty has not only been simplified in the minimizing of corner reflector, and has avoided corner reflector location matches out of true to cause emergent light and the uneven influence of incident light.Promptly reduce the noise of interferogram, improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
10. when tilting mirror rotation generation optical path difference, light becomes the calculated amount of difference to reduce 2/3 because of the minimizing of corner reflector.Optical path difference is non-linear, and the minimizing of optical path difference calculated amount had both helped reducing the error of optical path difference, can improve arithmetic speed again.And the Fourier transform of spectrogram interferogram when being different optical path difference, the error of optical path difference reduces further to improve the accuracy of recovered light spectrogram.
11. the minimizing of corner reflector makes light I
FReduce 8 secondary mirror reflections, reduced the energy loss of the light that direct reflection brings, also improved signal intensity.
12. reflect through corner reflector owing to incide the light on three ribs of corner reflector and summit, can become parasitic light, the minimizing of corner reflector reduces parasitic light, has reduced signal noise.
13. since tilting mirror at a time, light I
FWith light I
TOptical path difference when getting back to beam splitter is not 0, the distortion that can bring spectrum, and corner reflector is relatively more responsive to the position, less mobile meeting causes that very big light path changes.The minimizing of corner reflector has not only significantly reduced the workload in dress school, and can guarantee tilting mirror at a time, light I
FWith light I
TOptical path difference when getting back to beam splitter is 0.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation: the 1-collimation lens, the 2-beam splitter, the 3-tilting mirror, the 4-motor, the 5-corner reflector, the 6-corner reflector, the 7-fourier transform lens, the 8-detector, 9-is observed thing, the preposition optical system of 10-, 11-computer processing system.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, optical system of the present invention is mainly by collimation lens 1, beam splitter 2, tilting mirror 3, corner reflector 5,6, and preposition optical system 10 and fourier transform lens 7 constitute; Interference system mainly is made of collimation lens 1, beam splitter 2, tilting mirror 3, corner reflector 5,6 and fourier transform lens 7.Detection system mainly is made of detector 8, and information handling system mainly is made of computer processing system 11, referring to Fig. 2.
Principle of work of the present invention: when tilting mirror 3 was static, the light beam on the primary optical axis was divided into two-beam by beam splitter 2, the equivalent optical path of this two-beam.When tilting mirror 3 rotates under the driving of motor 4, the folded light beam I that is told for the first time by beam splitter 2
F, after tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5, more than 6 reflection, get back to beam splitter 2, the light path that arrives the first bundle light of fourier transform lens 7 again can change.And the transmitted light beam I that is told for the first time by beam splitter 2
T, through corner reflector 6 reflected back into beam splitter 2, the light path that is arrived the second bundle light of fourier transform lens 7 by beam splitter 2 reflections does not change.The light path of two-beam no longer overlaps, and the light path that arrives detector 8 at last is no longer equal, thereby produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, produces interferogram on detector 8.Along with the rotation of tilting mirror 3, the optical path difference of two-beam constantly changes, and obtains the interference light spectrogram thus.The interference light spectrogram is after machine disposal system 11 is carried out Fourier transform as calculated, the target image that can obtain restoring.Tilting mirror 3 is high-speed rotation under motor 4 drives, and can realize high-velocity scanning.
The axes O O ' of collimation lens 1 of the present invention is positioned on the primary optical axis of preposition optical system 10.The initial incident light by collimation lens 1 should be guaranteed to receive in the position of beam splitter 2, can receive the light by tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5 reflected backs again.The position of the initial position of tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5,6 should be satisfied: when tilting mirror 3 during in a certain location positioning,
1) the folded light beam I that told the first time on beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; It returns beam splitter 2 through tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5 reflections, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT, transmitted light beam I
FTArrive the light path of the light path formation first bundle light of detector 8 by fourier transform lens 7.
2) the transmitted light beam I that told the first time on beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
TBe the second bundle light; Its angle of arrival reverberator 6 through corner reflector 6 and more than 2 reflection of beam splitter, returns beam splitter 2 again, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT, folded light beam I
TFArrive the light path of the light path formation second bundle light of detector 8 by fourier transform lens 7.
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter 2 is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter 2 and is coincided.
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter 2
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter 2 with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps.
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light.The optical axis of fourier transform lens 7 is positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides.Detector 8 is positioned on the focal plane of fourier transform lens 7.Detector 8 is advisable to adopt the infrared CCD detector.The thing 9 that is observed shown in Figure 2 is rockets, and it is the synoptic diagram that the present invention is used for the observation rocket wake flame.
The transmission course of light of the present invention:
1. the light beam that promptly is observed thing 9 from target arrives collimation lenses 1 through preposition optical system 10, and collimation lens 1 converts target beam to parallel beam; Parallel beam projects on the beam splitter 2 that is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film.
2. beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I with light beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
TWherein,
1) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
F
(1) reflex to corner reflector 5 through tilting mirror 3, corner reflector 5 is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror 3 parallel with incident direction;
(2) tilting mirror 3 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2;
(3) light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT
2) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
T
(1) pressed the direction reflected back into beam splitter 2 parallel by corner reflector 6 with incident direction;
(2) light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
3. the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
FThe transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
FT, seeing through beam splitter 2 and arrive fourier transform lens 7, the detector 8 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 7 focal planes receives.
4. the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
TThe folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
TF, by fourier transform lens 7, the detector 8 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 7 focal planes receives.
5. the folded light beam I that tells for the first time of beam splitter 2
F, through tilting mirror 3 and corner reflector 5 reflections, return beam splitter 2, converge to the light path that detector 8 forms the first bundle light by fourier transform lens 7; The transmitted light beam I that beam splitter 2 is told for the first time
T, angle of arrival reverberator 6 through corner reflector 6 and more than 2 reflection of beam splitter, returns beam splitter 2 again, converges to the light path that detector 8 forms the second bundle light by fourier transform lens 7; This two-beam produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, produces the interference light spectrogram on detector 8.
The interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system 11 carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
Claims (4)
1. the formation method of a high stability interference imaging spectrometer, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps
1) collimation lens (1) will become parallel beam from the Beam Transformation of target;
2) beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I with parallel beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
TWherein
(i) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
F
1.. reflex to corner reflector (5) through tilting mirror (3), corner reflector (5) is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror (3) parallel with incident direction;
2.. tilting mirror (3) is with light reflected back into beam splitter (2);
3.. the light of reflected back into beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I once more
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT
4.. transmitted light beam I
FTSee through beam splitter (2) and arrive fourier transform lens (7), the detector (8) that is positioned on fourier transform lens (7) focal plane receives, and forms the light path of the first bundle light;
The (ii) transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
T
1.. pressed the direction reflected back into beam splitter (2) parallel by corner reflector (6) with incident direction;
2.. the light of reflected back into beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I once more
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
3.. folded light beam I
TF, by fourier transform lens (7), the detector (8) that is positioned on fourier transform lens (7) focal plane receives, and forms the light path of the second bundle light;
3) light path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, goes up at detector (8) and produces the interference light spectrogram;
4) the interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system (11) carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
2. spectrometer of realizing the formation method of the described high stability interference imaging spectrometer of claim 1, comprise fourier transform lens (7), be positioned at the detector (8) on the focal plane of fourier transform lens (7), the computer processing system (11) that is connected with detector (8), be arranged at the collimation lens (1) on preposition optical system (10) primary optical axis, be arranged at the beam splitter (2) on collimation lens (1) the axes O O ', it is characterized in that: it also comprises tilting mirror (3) and corner reflector (5-6); The position of the initial position of described tilting mirror (3) and corner reflector (5-6) should be satisfied: when tilting mirror (3) during in a certain location positioning,
1) the folded light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter (2) of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; It returns beam splitter (2) through tilting mirror (3) and corner reflector (5) reflection, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter (2)
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT, transmitted light beam I
FTArrive the light path of the light path formation first bundle light of detector (8) by fourier transform lens (7);
2) the transmitted light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter (2) of the light on the primary optical axis
TBe the second bundle light; Its angle of arrival reverberator (6) repeatedly reflects through corner reflector (6) and beam splitter (2), returns beam splitter (2), is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter (2)
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT, folded light beam I
TFArrive the light path of the light path formation second bundle light of detector (8) by fourier transform lens (7);
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter (2) is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter (2) and is coincided;
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter (2)
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter (2) with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps;
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light;
The optical axis of described fourier transform lens (7) is positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides; Described beam splitter (2) is positioned at and can receives by the initial incident light of collimation lens (1), can receive reflected light and the position on collimation lens (1) axes O O ' through tilting mirror (3) and corner reflector (5) reflected back again.
3. high stability interference imaging spectrometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described detector (8) is an infrared eye.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described high stability interference imaging spectrometers, it is characterized in that: described tilting mirror (3) is made of cylindrical angled end-face.
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| CN111225139A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-06-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Motion scene shooting device and restoration method for acquiring complementary sequence images based on rotating biprisms |
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| EP0369054B1 (en) * | 1988-11-17 | 1993-09-01 | Erwin Kayser-Threde Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Arrangement of reflectors for a michelson interferometer |
| SE503758C2 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1996-08-26 | Opsis Ab | Interferometer and Fourier Transform Spectrometer |
| CN2619244Y (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2004-06-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical path difference rotating mirror system |
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