CN1626298A - 用于高温应用的不锈钢粉末 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种由金属粉末制备零件的方法,步骤包括:预备一种含有铁、0-0.6重量%的碳、0.5-5.0重量%的硅、0.5-6.0重量%的镍、0.5-1.5重量%的钼、0-0.7重量%的锰和12-20重量%的铬的冶金粉末,其中所述重量百分比是根据粉末的总重计算的。其次,将该粉末在35-65tsi的压力下压实制成压坯。然后将压坯在一种气氛下加热至温度为2100-2400°F并保持20-90分钟,以使最终获得的压坯微结构为铁素体单相或铁素体和奥氏体双相。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属粉末领域。具体地,本发明涉及用于高温应用的金属粉末。
背景技术
在汽车工业中,总是需要可以耐高温并在高温下具有长抗磨寿命、抗腐蚀和具有高抗拉强度的金属制零件。用来获得上述性能的组合物的一个例子是US 3,620,690,它公开了一种含16-26重量%的铬、6-22重量%的镍、0.03-0.25重量%碳、1.75-4.0重量%钼以及少量钛、钽和铌的粉末。然后,将该粉末在2-100tsi的压力下压实,然后在2192-2552°F下烧结10-90分钟。所述烧结在还原性气氛(即氢气和无水氨或裂化氨)、真空、或惰性气体如氩气下进行。最后,使压坯快速冷却。
另一个例子是US 3,953,201,它公开了一种含10.5-19重量%的铬、直到0.03重量%的碳、直到0.2重量%的锰、直到0.2重量%的硅、直到0.3重量%的镍、直到0.1重量%的铝、直到0.2重量%的铜、和选自钛和钼中的至少一种元素,其中钛为4(%C+%N)而钼为0.5-2.5重量%的粉末。用不同加热方法将该粉末在不同温度下加热以提高其抗腐蚀能力和延展性。
US 4,220,689公开了一种含13-19重量%的铬、13-19重量%的镍、0.5-4.0重量%的锰、3.5-7.0重量%的硅、直到0.15重量%的碳、少于0.04重量%的镍、0.05重量%的磷、和0.05重量%的硫的粉末。硅、铬、镍、锰和氮各元素之间的平衡对于所期望的抗应力腐蚀、抗高温氧化、高加工硬化率和抗擦伤等性能至关重要。
US 5,302,214公开了一种含直到0.03重量%的碳、0.1-0.8重量%的硅、0.6-2.0重量%的锰、0-0.006重量%的硫、直到4.0重量%的镍、17-25重量%的铬、0.2-0.8重量%的铌、1-4.5重量%的钼、0.1-2.5重量%的铜、直到0.03重量%的氮、以及其它元素的粉末。而且,锰和硫的重量百分比的比值不小于200,铌满足Nb%-8(C%+N%)不小于0.2,而且(Ni%+Cu%)不超过4。该粉末具有改进的低温韧性且能抗高温下的焊缝破裂。
US 5,110,544公开了一种粉末,含不超过0.010重量%的碳、不超过0.2重量%的硅、0.05-1.5重量%的锰、12-20重量%的铬、0.2-3.0重量%的钼、0.005-0.1重量%的铝、不超过0.015重量%的氮、不超过0.025重量%的磷、不超过0.010重量%的硫、以及10*(C%+N%)-0.5%Ti和5*(C%+N%)0.5%Nb都有或二者之一。该粉末表现出抗腐蚀性能。
US 6,342,087公开了一种通过制备其中含10-30重量%的铬、0-5重量%的钼、0-15重量%的镍、0-1.5重量%的硅、0-1.5重量%的锰、0-2重量%的铌、0-2重量%的钛,和0-2重量%的钒的钢水来制造低氧、基本无碳的不锈钢粉末的工艺。在还原气氛中将该粉末加热到至少1120℃的温度。
US6,365,095公开了一种粉末,包含10-30重量%的铬、0-5重量%的钼、0-15重量%的镍、0-0.5重量%的硅、0-1.5重量%的锰、0-2重量%的铌、0-2重量%的钛、0-2重量%的钒、0-5重量%的Fe.sub.3P、0-0.4重量%的石墨和最多0.3重量%不可避免的杂质,最优选包含10-20重量%的铬、0-3重量%的钼、0.1-0.3重量%的硅、0.1-0.4重量%的锰、0-0.5重量%的铌、0-0.5重量%的钛、0-0.5重量%的钒、0-0.2重量%的石墨、基本上不含镍或含7-10重量%的镍,余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。将该粉末与润滑剂和任选的粘合剂结合并加热至80-150℃,优选100-120℃的温度。然后将被加热的混合物在加热至80-130℃,优选100-120℃的模具中压实。将压坯在1100-1300℃、标准非氧化性气氛下烧结10-90分钟,优选20-60分钟。
发明内容
一种由金属粉末制备零件的方法,步骤包括:预备一种含有铁、0-0.6重量%的碳、0.5-5.0重量%的硅、0.5-6.0重量%的镍、0.5-1.5重量%的钼、0-0.7重量%的锰、和12-20重量%的铬的冶金粉末,其中所述重量百分比是根据粉末的总重计算的。其次,将该粉末在35-65tsi的压力下压实制成压坯。然后将压坯在一种气氛下加热至温度为2100-2400°F并保持20-90分钟,以使最终获得的压坯微结构为铁素体单相或铁素体和奥氏体双相。
附图说明
图1是本发明由可用于高温的粉末制备金属零件的步骤框图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种制备具有高温和腐蚀应用的金属零件的方法。图1是制备金属零件的方法的框图。在第一步中,混合了一种由铁、0-0.6重量%的碳、12-20重量%的铬、0.5-6.0重量%的镍、0.5-1.5重量%的钼、0-0.7重量%的锰、和0.5-5.0重量%的硅组成的冶金粉末的混合物,参见表1。
表1
Fe | C | Si | Ni | Mo | Mn | Cr | |
新粉末 | 余量 | 0-0.6 | 0.5-5.0 | 0.5-6.0 | 0.5-1.5 | 0-0.7 | 12-20 |
在第二步中,将该粉末混合物以35-65tsi范围内的压力压实,形成压坯密度为6.0-7.0g/cc的压坯。然后将压坯在H2、N2/H2或真空气氛下以2100-2400°F的温度烧结20-90分钟。
最后,根据所需的机械性能可以对压坯进行二次加热或其它操作。最终的微结构为铁素体和奥氏体双相或铁素体单相。双相微结构由于在晶界处的杂质浓度较低所以给压坯提供了更高的抗腐蚀性。由于晶粒尺寸更小和通过晶界的位错运动更难,压坯还具有高热抗拉强度。例如压坯在1200°F时抗拉强度达28ksi,而同一压坯在室温下抗拉强度高达115ksi。
实施例1
此应用需要一种可以形成叶片环并用于可变涡轮几何形状(VTG)的涡轮增压机的成品。为形成叶片环,考虑了许多设计条件。所述叶片环必须在1000-1600°F的高温范围内运行,并包括硬度/抗磨性、极限抗拉强度和在高温下降低的伸长率。由于叶片环附着在壳上并充当涡轮增压机中叶片和叶片杆的运动的支承面,所以叶片环在涡轮增压机的寿命内精确控制叶片的位置时必须允许叶片的***。最后,叶片环的设计必须不同于叶片和叶片杆以防熔接。制造叶片环的不锈钢粉末组合物由铁、14重量%的铬、4重量%的镍、3重量%的硅和0.5重量%的钼组成。然后以50tsi的压力将该混合物压实,然后在H2气氛下以2350°F的温度烧结40分钟。
因此,应当理解在此所记述的本发明的实施方案仅仅是对本发明原则的应用的说明。对所述实施方案的细节的参考不应被用来限制权利要求的范围,其中权利要求本身记述了那些对于本发明来说必不可少的特征。
Claims (4)
1.一种由金属粉末制备零件的方法,步骤包括:
a)预备一种含有铁、0-0.6重量%的碳、0.5-5.0重量%的硅、0.5-6.0重量%的镍、0.5-1.5重量%的钼、0-0.7重量%的锰、和12-20重量%的铬的冶金粉末,其中所述重量百分比是根据粉末的总重计算的;
b)将该冶金粉末在35-65tsi的压力下压实制成压坯;和
c)将压坯在一种气氛下加热至温度为2100-2400°F并保持20-90分钟,以使压坯微和结构为双相或单相,其中双相既具有铁素体相又具有奥氏体相,而单相只具有铁素体相。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述零件是用于可变涡轮几何形状的涡轮增压机中的环。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述压实冶金粉末的步骤制成密度为6.0-7.0g/cc的压坯。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其中压坯在其中加热的所述气氛选自:
a)H2;
b)N2/H2;和
c)真空。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US10/733,193 US20050129563A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2003-12-11 | Stainless steel powder for high temperature applications |
US10/733193 | 2003-12-11 |
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EP (1) | EP1550734A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005171382A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20050058215A (zh) |
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CN105537579A (zh) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-04 | 宁波天阁汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种涡轮增压器耐高温涡轮壳体及其制备方法 |
CN108546889A (zh) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-18 | 飞亚达(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种不锈钢材料及其制备方法 |
CN110168122A (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-08-23 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | 用于生产双相烧结不锈钢的不锈钢粉末 |
CN115584434A (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2023-01-10 | 麦克莱恩-福格公司 | 用于粉末层熔融的可3d印刷的硬质含铁金属性合金 |
US12000006B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2024-06-04 | Maclean-Fogg Company | 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion |
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TW290592B (zh) * | 1993-07-08 | 1996-11-11 | Asahi Seiko Co Ltd | |
EP0683241B1 (en) * | 1994-05-21 | 2000-08-16 | Yong Soo Park | Duplex stainless steel with high corrosion resistance |
WO1996028580A1 (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-09-19 | Powdrex Limited | Stainless steel powders and articles produced therefrom by powder metallurgy |
SE9702299D0 (sv) * | 1997-06-17 | 1997-06-17 | Hoeganaes Ab | Stainless steel powder |
SE9803171D0 (sv) * | 1998-09-18 | 1998-09-18 | Hoeganaes Ab | Warm compaction of steel powders |
SE0102102D0 (sv) * | 2001-06-13 | 2001-06-13 | Hoeganaes Ab | High density stainless steel products and method for the preparation thereof |
JP4975916B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-21 | 2012-07-11 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 高靭性高強度フェライト鋼とその製法 |
-
2003
- 2003-12-11 US US10/733,193 patent/US20050129563A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-11-17 JP JP2004332799A patent/JP2005171382A/ja active Pending
- 2004-11-23 EP EP04027718A patent/EP1550734A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-10 CN CNA2004101006459A patent/CN1626298A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-10 KR KR1020040104051A patent/KR20050058215A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105537579A (zh) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-04 | 宁波天阁汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种涡轮增压器耐高温涡轮壳体及其制备方法 |
CN115584434A (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2023-01-10 | 麦克莱恩-福格公司 | 用于粉末层熔融的可3d印刷的硬质含铁金属性合金 |
US12000006B2 (en) | 2016-11-01 | 2024-06-04 | Maclean-Fogg Company | 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion |
CN110168122A (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-08-23 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | 用于生产双相烧结不锈钢的不锈钢粉末 |
CN108546889A (zh) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-18 | 飞亚达(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种不锈钢材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1550734A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
US20050129563A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
JP2005171382A (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
KR20050058215A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
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