CN1581633A - Uninterrupted power source module parallel control method and system thereof - Google Patents
Uninterrupted power source module parallel control method and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Independent controller possessing operating control function in parallel is setup in each UPS module in parallel system. AC inputs, DC inputs and AC outputs are connected to other UPS modules in parallel. A controller through a parallel control bus exchanges signals with other controllers in other modules so as to constitute online signal and further to reach even distribution of load. The control method makes all UPS modules in parallel system possess equal functions including module role detection, competition of main control module and parallel calculation processing. When main control module is failure or close down, other modules execute function of role detection and competition automatically, and generate another main control module in order to make operation continuously. The invention provides operational function of stable system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel and system thereof, refer to that especially a kind of uninterrupted power supply can provide electric power and control method of protecting and system thereof to equipment.
Background technology
In this information and more and more important epoch of speed, computer and network becomes daily life and the indispensable product of economic industry.Yet, no matter be that important electron equipment such as computer or network are urgent often and responsive, even one second electric power interruption, all might make the data of handling or transmitting interrupt, cause imponderable loss, therefore a highly reliable power supply requirement just arises at the historic moment.For in response to this demand, the demand of uninterruptible power system just increases severely with day.
The basic framework of a uninterrupted power supply provides system capacity for the AC and DC input, general alternating current input power supplying mostly is civil power, or generator etc., the direct current intake then mostly is battery, exchange output the electronic load energy is provided, and the work of a controller control system, when main AC power lost efficacy, be converted to the backup DC power supply, continuing provides energy to urgent and responsive load.Exchanging output just often, the part that connects input terminal at first is an input filter, filter the high-order interference noise that input produces, what be connected with input filter generally is that an AC/DC transducer is connected to inner dc energy depots (DC bus bank), what connecting the dc energy depots is a DC/AC inverter (Inverter), via output filter optionally, provide energy to load.When the interchange input is unusual, the DC power supply of backup can be connected to the dc energy depots via the DC/DC transducer, substitute to exchange input and to dc energy depots produce power, make the inverter of being mentioned DC power supply to be converted to AC power by the dc energy depots, continuing provides continual energy to load.Simultaneously, such uninterrupted power supply also can comprise a charger usually, when DC power supply is a battery, and during its depleted of energy, can be after AC power be replied, to battery charge.Because above-mentioned mechanism, can be so that urgent and sensitive electronic devices is subjected to suitable protection.Yet along with load equipment evolution, specification difference is increasing, when load need be increased, uninterrupted power supply ability originally may be not enough, or along with the requirement of reliability is more and more higher, uninterruptible power system is designed to modularization, has parallel connection and the redundant demand trend that also is inevitable.
Yet, modular like this uninterruptible power system, needs can show the characteristic of a uninterruptible power system, can increase module with the expansion capacity on the one hand, on the other hand, when having the part assembly to damage therein, also must substitute to guarantee the reliability of system at once; These demands, need the tight different capacity intermodule that requires to produce excessive circulation in control technology, so that cause the damage of system, need to do one's utmost to avoid the possibility of single point failure owing in the product design again, and will as far as possible each part of product be carried out backup management.By being technology or the product design that derives, in academia or industrial quarters, all by extensive discussions, as the guardian technique of system.
Generally speaking, this a kind of controlling Design is nothing more than wired parallel way, as the 5th, 257, No. 180 patent of invention cases of the U.S. " the parallel operation control system of the interchange output inverter of tool circulation restriction ".On the other hand, it then is wireless Parallel Control mode, as the U.S. the 5th, 745, No. 356 patent of invention cases " the independent load allocating of AC power supply system in parallel ", or the U.S. the 6th, 118, No. 680 patent of invention cases " inverter of parallel connection in an AC power supply, the method and apparatus of its load allocating " etc.
In wired control method, mostly adopt the active shunt methods,, utilize a clock signal to make the output voltage Phase synchronization of all power models with general known skill, in the means of utilizing such as indivedual load current messages such as exchange, make the load allocating balance also as expected.Yet, such method, wiring itself of being used in parallel promptly may cause single point failure.
In the 6th, 121, No. 695 invention cases of the U.S., though each power model can be regarded other Uninterruptible Power Module one by one as, also can remove independent use, yet, as parallel connection the time, each module also needs respectively corresponding more in addition other controller in the cabinet, to carry out calculating in parallel, also be connected owing to the direct current depots simultaneously, in case the direct current depots damages, whole system can not be used, and causes the design of another single point failure again; Uninterruptible Power Module neither really independently operate in system simultaneously; What is more, because its battery is not in parallel, may cause and make each intermodule discharge BACKUP TIME difference because of battery behavior is different, also can't increase the time of discharge backup via direct increase external battery, simultaneously, the transition of its all intermodules, it is method via the most of principles of what is called, signal between power model on average obtains via impedance matching, thereby can't obtain a systematic management, also can't change by the setting in the external world.
Moreover, the U.S. the 6th, 201, No. 319 patent of invention cases are utilized (the Main Intelligence Module of control centre of an outside, MIM) manage, simultaneously with redundant intelligent object (RIM, Redundant Intelligence Module) as backup management, yet, RIM under normal circumstances, just idle and cause the waste of system, simultaneously, because the required important message of each power model, as input voltage, frequency, output voltage, frequency, electric currents etc. all are placed in the control centre (MIM), no matter be that MIM or RIM lost efficacy, or even, all can cause the single point failure of system at the online open circuit that connects on MIM/RIM and the individual modules.
At last, proposed to select the method for virtual center, though can avoid the waste of above-mentioned intelligent object RIM and the possibility that reduces single point failure in the 6th, 396, No. 170 patent of invention cases of the U.S..Yet the way that it proposed because of needs produce a secondary main control module in addition, therefore can not be used when only there is a Uninterruptible Power Module in system.And, increase the possibility of a single point failure again because of the existence of synchronous triggering line.Simultaneously, the hardware and software framework of the Redundancy Management pattern that proposes (RMB) needs complicated its input and output direction of judgement and decision main control module, secondary main control module and module of the same generation; In addition, its synchronous triggering line also needs to take a high-grade interrupt resources, and the system that makes need deal with the way to manage of a high communication speed; What is more, when indivedual Uninterruptible Power Module because of assembly or connecting interface fault, be in can not transition state, but be limited by the transition by force of main control module, can cause system bigger fault to occur on the contrary may.
From the above, existing parallel system still can't effectively solve the problem of single point failure, thereby can't guarantee the reliability of parallel system, so the Parallel Control of relevant Uninterruptible Power Module obviously is further improved, to seek feasible solution.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, main purpose of the present invention is guaranteed the expansion capacity and is promoted redundancy and the Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel of reliability providing a kind of.
For reaching the major technique means that this purpose is taked, make that all Uninterruptible Power Module possess functions such as identical self-role's detection, main control module competition, calculation process in parallel in the parallel system, and can carry out following mode of operation respectively:
Functional role detects and sets: in order to detect and setting module this as new module, main control module or slave module;
The new module mode of operation will check whether there is main control module in the parallel system, when main control module exists, promptly wait the order of main control module issue slave module requirement, and transformation working pattern be a slave module according to this; Do not exist as main control module, promptly enter competitive mode to produce main control module;
The main control module mode of operation, new module, slave module state in the first check system in regular turn, and there has been the reaction of slave module in inquiry in regular turn, and collect its information, as the foundation of Parallel Control;
The slave module mode of operation, it checks earlier whether main control module exists, and when not existing, itself can be changed to new module, again through competition to select main control module again;
Utilize this method, to make and only have a main control module in the parallel system, only cause main control module to lose when situation such as main control module fault or shutdown, other new module and slave module, all can detect main control module loses, certainly be made as new module by slave module then, begin to carry out the main control module competition with competition priority; Under this situation, can effectively reduce the possibility of single point failure, improve the reliability of system.
This Uninterruptible Power Module further has a synchronous transition pattern, when mainly whether needing transition in the system that is checked through, i.e. and the order of broadcast synchronization transition, and then transition synchronously on default choice point.
This Uninterruptible Power Module further has the urgent transition pattern of an alternative (optional), when some fault appears in the control order wire of intermodule, can be exchanged into the operator scheme of controlled in wireless parallel connection.
This controlled in wireless parallel operation pattern adopts so-called descent method (droop method), and effective power and reactance capacity that it is known by detecting indivedual Uninterruptible Power Module are carried out the control of phase place and amplitude to Uninterruptible Power Module.
The present invention's time purpose is to provide a kind of Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system with high-reliability.
For reaching the major technique means that purpose of the present invention is taked, make this parallel system comprise one or more Uninterruptible Power Module at least, establish controller in each Uninterruptible Power Module with independent s operation control function in parallel, to exchange input, direct current input again and exchange output and be in parallel with other Uninterruptible Power Module, and make its controller via joint control system bus (PCB in the lump, Parallel Control Bus) controller with other module constitutes the online and exchange message of signal, and then reach load average and distribute, the function of system stability operation.
This Uninterruptible Power Module is made up of an input filter, an AC/DC transducer, a dc energy depots, a DC/AC inverter etc.; And further include:
One DC/DC transducer connects DC power supply input and dc energy depots;
One possesses optionally charger;
One power subsystem provides the working power of each module work;
One controller, the circuit that work of may command Uninterruptible Power Module and Parallel Control are required; Wherein:
The controller of each Uninterruptible Power Module is responsible for controlling the function of whole module and the transformation of required state.This controller can be by a digital signal processor (Digital SignalProcessor, DSP) constitute, the signal that responsible reception AC-input voltage, frequency detecting circuit are passed back, and provide direct voltage detection, dc energy depots voltage detecting, alternating voltage output voltage/frequency detecting, the signal that load current detects and the inductive current detection line is passed back.
This Parallel Control bus is used for being responsible for the Parallel Control between each Uninterruptible Power Module, and it comprises one and constitutes two-way control line, a group communication bus and by the synthetic analog signal synthetic line of all Uninterruptible Power Module electric currents by optocoupler.In the two-way control line of optocoupler, there is one to be used as main control module setting line, when main control module does not exist, is high potential, otherwise, when there is main control module in system, promptly become electronegative potential; Other has one group of circuit to be used as the signal of synchronous sequence.
This controller has further comprised a microprocessor, this microprocessor utilization digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), except comprising general known I/O control, and the inductive current etc. of voltage, ac output voltage, electric current and inverter that utilizes the direct current depots utilizes suitable control skill to make the voltage and the electric current that exchange output meet demand as the parameter of feedbacking.
This microprocessor provides the protection of power calculation in addition, differentiates the size of circulation, and the watt level that circulation is derived, and the energy of the reverse recovery of Uninterruptible Power Module are done further protection to equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 parallel system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Uninterruptible Power Module schematic diagram in Fig. 2 parallel system of the present invention.
Controller calcspar in Fig. 3 Uninterruptible Power Module of the present invention.
The circuit diagram of set two-way optocoupler circuit in this controller of Fig. 4.
The schematic diagram of set analog signal synthetic line in Fig. 5 parallel system of the present invention.
The functional role of Uninterruptible Power Module is set workflow diagram in Fig. 6 parallel system of the present invention
The workflow diagram of new module in Fig. 7 parallel system of the present invention.
The workflow diagram of slave module in Fig. 8 parallel system of the present invention.
The part workflow diagram of main control module in Fig. 9 parallel system of the present invention.
Other workflow diagram of main control module in Figure 10 parallel system of the present invention.
The calcspar of the controlled in wireless parallel connection of Figure 11 parallel system of the present invention.
Figure 12 parallel system of the present invention is judged wired or wireless control workflow diagram in parallel.
Symbol description among the figure
10 Uninterruptible Power Module, 100 uninterruptible power systems
101 internal cell modules
102 by-pass switches 103 show and message center
104 chargers, 105 external cells
11A C/DC transducer 12 dc energy depots
13 DC/AC inverters, 14 DC/DC transducers
15 chargers, 16 working power unit
17 controllers, 171 microprocessors
172 bidirectional coupled communication lines
173 analog signal synthetic lines
174 general utility functions I/O circuit
175 analog-to-digital testing circuits
176 inverter power switch driving circuits
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the system architecture schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the uninterruptible power system 100 that it is made up of at least one Uninterruptible Power Module 10, establish controller 17 in each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 with multi-job pattern and s operation control function in parallel, to exchange input again, the direct current input is in parallel with exchanging to export with other Uninterruptible Power Module 10, utilize its controller 17 via joint control system bus (PCB in the lump again, Parallel ControlBus) controller 17 with other module constitutes the online and exchange message of signal, and then reach load average and distribute, the function of system stability operation.
Because the Uninterruptible Power Module 10 in the system possesses functions such as identical self-role's detection, main control module competition, calculation process in parallel; So can in parallel system, carry out following mode of operation respectively:
Functional role detects and sets;
The new module mode of operation;
The main control module mode of operation;
The slave module mode of operation; Wherein:
The concrete workflow of this " functional role detects and sets " is (step 611～615 as shown in Figure 6, after program begins, Uninterruptible Power Module 10 will confirm itself to be main control module (Master), slave module (Slave) or new module (New) in regular turn, and enter the role who is set.
The idiographic flow of this new module mode of operation as shown in Figure 7, it comprises the mechanism of main control module competition and single module running, when a new Uninterruptible Power Module is inserted in the system, after power initiation/activation, before not obtaining role's setting, promptly first self establishment is a new module.A new module, at first can check whether there is main control module 711 in the parallel system,, promptly wait the order 712 of main control module issue slave module requirement if there has been main control module in the system, this querying command is a kind of regular inquiry, and carries out with the form of interrupting:
When new module is received the requirement order of main control module, understand the role's change setting slave module 713 of oneself, and finish this flow process.Otherwise if do not arrive break period, new module will directly finish this operating process, and waits for the inquiry of main control module.On the other hand, when a new module when power supply activates, as do not find the existence of main control module, and represent that promptly there is one or more module in this system, this module must be confirmed whether to have only a module or carry out main control module competition 714 with other module.New module all can be issued a string data group 715 that contains the production identification code, and the data of check to receive returning whether with send whether identical, in the present embodiment, can utilize the ardware feature of CAN (Control Area Network) itself, have two states with upper module in system, and send simultaneously under the situation of identification code, the meeting of electronegative potential is won, the data group of successful withdrawal itself and become main control module, remaining then becomes slave module.If the words of having only a module to exist in the system, data group that also can't recovery itself, at this moment, through trial 716～718 greater than a Preset Time, when still not having main control module to occur in the system, has only the module of existence in the i.e. identification system, so set this as main control module 719.
Because the competition of main control module only need be distinguished identification code, do not need multiplier, can save meaningless waste of time, so detect the needed time, in present embodiment, be about 1.5ms, be the input required time of main control module competition just often that exchanges, even consider battery mode, also only need be with time lengthening to 3.0ms, under suitable conversion rate (slew rate) is arranged, can not produce any influence fully to output, be a reliable again fast mode, also do not need the resource of excess waste microprocessor.
As shown in Figure 8, then disclose the workflow of a slave module.In system, be set the Uninterruptible Power Module of slave module, can check at first whether main control module exists 811, if main control module because of some reason not existing, can at once oneself be changed to new module 812, through competition to select main control module again; Otherwise, if main control module exists, and then can reply 813 according to the query request of main control module.
The idiographic flow of this main control module mode of operation as shown in Figure 9, when a Uninterruptible Power Module is set to main control module in system, whether at first can check in regular turn has new module to add system 911, if have, can judge that whether the slave module in system is less than predetermined number 912 at present, if less than predetermined number, the role who then gives new adding module is slave module 913, but as, then ignore and refuse the possibility 914 of new module adding system greater than default quantity; Since new add module and system can add the quantity of module may more than one, can not add again till any one module so must proceed to system.
Behind the end-of-job of checking new module, can begin to check the state 915 of slave module: main control module also is to inquire about the reaction 916 that has had slave module in regular turn, when slave module response data 917, the expression slave module exists, otherwise, can inquire again one time 918, to confirm whether slave module is removed 919.Then, can check the priority level of main control module and whether deposit a plurality of main control modules 920, if the former be for main control module because of some reason transition to battery mode, and other slave module is arranged in the system is under the situation of city's power mode, promptly carry out main control module competition 921 again, making to become the main control module of system at the Uninterruptible Power Module of city's power mode; The latter then guards against for system's generation unusual condition.All reply when all slave modules and to finish 922, be i.e. process ends.
Except that this mode of operation, Uninterruptible Power Module 10 further has a synchronous transition mode of operation, and its idiographic flow as shown in figure 10, at first, main control module can check earlier whether system whether needs transition and carry out the preparation 411 of transition, if not, process ends then.If system needs transition, then by the module of carrying out the main control module mode of operation to itself, the order 412 of slave module and the transition of new module broadcast synchronization, then transition 413 synchronously on default choice point.So-called default choice point most likely is to utilize switching place at zero point of voltage as the synchronous transition in trigger point, process ends then.Synchronous transition herein, be that state is divided into urgent and not urgent two states in the present embodiment, determine by main control module, or decide transition in its sole discretion by individual other module: the so-called state of emergency is meant that for example the situation of overload takes place, when main control module transships in the judgement load, and this moment, civil power was also in permissible scope, must make that all modules all forward bypass to from inverter in the system; If Uninterruptible Power Module two-layer framework in this embodiment, transition between civil power and battery can't directly have influence on power-off time, and then cause load power source to interrupt, so, civil power between Uninterruptible Power Module/battery mode transition, can by each module judge whether individually can be under city's power mode or battery mode operate as normal, decide whether transition in its sole discretion, otherwise the part block that some modules may take place is fault, but, cause more insecure result such as multiple faults by main control module transition by force.
Moreover the Uninterruptible Power Module in the system further provides the transition pattern of an alternative (optional), has occurred some fault on control line, can be exchanged into the operator scheme of controlled in wireless parallel connection.Generally speaking, so-called controlled in wireless principle of parallel mostly as shown in figure 11, at inductance of inverter output series connection, utilize the effect of inductance, can utilize meritorious (active power) and idle (reactive power) to calculate required voltage difference and frequency-splitting, the calculating principle is as follows, (equation and literal are overlapping)
δ
iBe output V
oWith V
iBetween angle.
According to following formula, can find meritorious relevant, and idle relevant with output amplitude with the output phase angle, so can utilize following default pass formula again, stable negative feedback system that phase place and amplitude are controlled during to parallel connection with formation.(equation and literal are overlapping)
ω
i＝ω
0i-k
1·P
i， i＝1，2，...，n
V
i＝V
0，i-k
2·Q
i， i＝1，2，...，n
More than not describing the person is so-called descent method (droop method) controlled in wireless parallel way, and it carries out the control of phase place and amplitude by detecting meritorious and idle that indivedual Uninterruptible Power Module knows to Uninterruptible Power Module.Its control flow is as described in Figure 12:
Under wireless Parallel Control pattern, at first can detect Parallel Control bus (PCB) whether normal 511, refer in particular to main control module and set line, synchronous sequence signal line:, then keep the pattern and the process ends 512 of wired parallel operation if normally or/and whether simulation composite signal circuit is normal; If the control of being mentioned is unusual with bus, then can enter the controlled in wireless paralleling model of being mentioned 513, select a main control module but still keep by communication bus, in order to demonstration, or the work such as coordination control of commentaries on classics bypass, adjust amplitude and phase place according to above-mentioned equation, can check that then the voltage magnitude that exchanges input and frequency are whether in scope 514, if words, output can be phase-locked 515 to exchanging input, take place in inside simultaneously unusual 516, but communication bus just often 517, can have the ability of changeing bypass 518, otherwise all enter into end step.In program, if alternating current input voltage magnitude and/or frequency not in desired extent, then output is not phase-locked to importing, and takes place when unusual 519 in inside, no matter whether communication bus normal, all can't transition to bypass, so this module must be closed 520; Again or, though alternating current input voltage magnitude and frequency in desired extent, communication bus is unusual, then confirm setting is to take place in inside when unusual, also can closing module.
By on the mode that proposed, the present invention provides the reliable paralleling model except the above-mentioned main control module of mentioning, when part Control on Communication bus is unusual, the pattern that promptly changes the controlled in wireless parallel connection over to further is provided, be that other all parallel operation can not provide, in conjunction with the wired and mode controlled in wireless parallel connection, provide load reliable power supply, improved the demand of load reliability greatly.
The above person is the hybrid central control method that the present invention emphasizes, by the control method of disperseing as the part that is, can be so that general complete central control type of system or complete decentralized control formula provide higher reliability, simultaneously, because the redundancy of system is the Uninterruptible Power Module number in this way, the more external person of control centre of its redundancy is evident as height, also without any in the control circuit control centre externally, its reliability improves especially widely; Further, owing to only have main control module and slave module (not needing so-called secondary main control module) in the system, so, even have only a Uninterruptible Power Module, but also normal running, and possess preferable flexibility; Obviously the present invention proposes one and take into account redundancy, reliability and Flexibility Control method.
As for the system that carries out this control method, the one preferred embodiment as shown in Figure 1: this uninterruptible power system 100 further comprises:
At least one battery module 101 provides this DC power supply;
One by-pass switch 102 is as the maintenance manipulation of switches;
One shows and message center 103, makes things convenient for the user to understand inner case and external software monitoring;
One possesses optionally charger 104, increases charging current;
One possesses optionally output transformer (not shown), in order to change output voltage.
In present embodiment, the output parallel connection can provide load expansion capacity and redundancy is provided.And in this framework, also the isolating transformer (not shown) of connecting again on the output bus can exchanged, be connected in the load, the preferable utilization of this isolating transformer is as the usefulness of step-down, make under the application of low pressure output, the demand of input and its distribution of machine intimate and electric current can reduce also more realistic application scenarios.
Exchange the part of input, the preferably can receive at least one above mutually interchange input simultaneously, makes things convenient for the distribution demand of user when capacity is big.The Uninterruptible Power Module that arrives 10 mentioned herein can be by the mode of distribution or switch, makes that no matter exchange input is greater than one mutually and in single-phase, all uses identical Uninterruptible Power Module.
The part of direct current input is adopted the battery input in present embodiment, can select inner at least one internal cell module 101 that exists, and also can establish required battery of a unit discharge time in Uninterruptible Power Module 10 inside.Increase or prolong under the situation of discharge time not needing, these batteries not necessarily need parallel connection, also can not have influence on the spirit that the present invention makes output-parallel; Thereby preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the direct-flow input end of all Uninterruptible Power Module 10 is continuous, and it is connected with an external cell 105, to prolong discharge time.
Demonstration of being somebody's turn to do and message center 103, in order to each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 in the virtual controlling center (main control module) selected link up, and allow the user can understand the situation of system manipulation by display modes such as LED or LCD, should show simultaneously and message center 103 also be responsible for as with the connecting interface of extraneous interface communication, can allow the user pass through RS232, mode such as RS485 or SNMP is to components of system as directed function reformatting (configuration), or can realize the function of Remote (remote control), the ability that also has simultaneously the issue synchronous sequence signal in addition is as the source of an external sync sequential.
This external charger 104 promotes at needs under the situation of charging ability, can be in parallel with the charger (this is not shown in the figures) of each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 inside, and to improve the charging current of battery.
Moreover the by-pass switch handled that is somebody's turn to do 102 when for example all Uninterruptible Power Module all must remove, provides load an outside path of changeing bypass in the case of necessary.
As shown in Figure 2, disclose the calcspar that this Uninterruptible Power Module 10 is arranged, it includes:
One possesses optionally input filter (not shown), is positioned on the input;
One AC/DC transducer 11, its input connects the output of input filter, and alternating current input power supplying is converted to direct current;
One dc energy depots (DC bus bank) 12 is positioned on the output of AC/DC transducer 11;
One DC/AC inverter (Inverter) 13, its input are the dc energy depots 12 that the output of AC/DC transducer 11 reaches;
One DC/DC transducer 14, its input connect the DC power supply input, and output then connects dc energy depots 12;
One possesses optionally charger 15;
One working power unit 16, the working power of supply Uninterruptible Power Module 10;
One controller 17 is connected with DC/AC inverter 13, AC/DC transducer 11 and DC/DC transducer 14 respectively, in order to control Uninterruptible Power Module 10 work and to make Parallel Control.
Under this framework, when main AC power (Main-power) just often, energy is provided by main AC power, convert default direct voltage to via AC/DC transducer 11 and be connected to dc energy depots 12, transfer energy to interchange by direct current via DC/AC inverter 13 again, be connected to and exchange output bus (AC Output Bus), and constitute general so-called two-layer online truss (double-conversion on-line frame).
When main AC power is unusual, energy can change by the backup DC power supply to be provided, convert default direct voltage to via DC/DC transducer 14 and be connected to dc energy depots 12, transfer energy to interchange from direct current via DC/AC inverter 13 again, be connected to and exchange output bus (AC Output Bus).
And the working power of being somebody's turn to do, its input is to be connected to charger 15 and internal cell module 101 or external cell 105, make it is not to be affected by exchanging the input of input or direct current, can provide Uninterruptible Power Module required working power, as fan, microprocessor, and the required working power of power switch.
And the switch SW A that on figure, is disclosed be meant the AC power that provided by DC/AC inverter 13 with from exchanging the switching of the AC power that input connector introduces, it is a switch that can provide internal by-pass to switch, simultaneously, the speed of this switch, the just time of these MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A.And each module, at first be output is imported and exchanged to interchange input, direct current be in parallel with other Uninterruptible Power Module 10, utilize controller 17 by Parallel Control bus (PCB again, Parallel Control Bus) communicates with each other and exchange message with the controller 17 of other module, and then reach load average and distribute, the function of system stability operation.
As shown in Figure 3, disclose the possible embodiments that this controller 17 is arranged, it includes:
One microprocessor 171, can constitute by digital signal processor (DSP), The built-in has this Fig. 6 to various mode of operations shown in Figure 10, be connected with a general function I/O circuit 174, analog-to-digital detection line 175, inverter power switch driving circuit 176 in addition respectively, and for being connected with AC/DC transducer 11, DC/DC transducer 14, charger 15 and DC/AC inverter 13 etc. respectively;
One two-way optocoupler communication line 172;
One analog signal synthetic line 173 is connected with this microprocessor 171, with the current signal (simulation) of synthetic each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 of input;
In present embodiment, this microprocessor 171 adopts the main central controller of digital signal processor (DSP) as Uninterruptible Power Module 10, in order to make load balancing distribute, must by the output voltage that detects DC/AC inverter 13 in the Uninterruptible Power Module 10, output current and on inductive current, carry out computing and processing in inside, calculate required PWM responsibility cycle, driving the power switch in the DC/AC inverter 13, and obtain required output voltage and output current via this inverter power switch driving circuit 176 of control.This microprocessor 171 calculates the method for inverter power switch responsibility cycle, utilizes circulation in voltage outer circulation and the electric current, and adds that ac output current and two feedfoward control amounts of ac output voltage determine.
Basically, the controller 17 of each Uninterruptible Power Module 10, its microprocessor that comprises 171 can obtain the data of total load current, load current data with each module, with suitable resistance coupling in conjunction with and pass back, the controller 17 of each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 promptly utilizes the microprocessor 171 that is comprised to carry out above-mentioned computing.
This two-way optocoupler communication line 172 can be used as main control module and sets purposes such as line, synchronous sequence line.The feasible concrete circuit of one as shown in Figure 4, mainly cooperate transistor, resistance to be formed by two groups of optical couplers, and is connected with the I/O end of microprocessor 171 in the Uninterruptible Power Module 10 respectively, allow be included in microprocessor 171 in the Uninterruptible Power Module 10 and can bi-directional synchronization transmit and receive required signal.Even the delay of some time is arranged, also can in program, deduct in advance, and the microprocessor 171 that sends signal also can receive the signal that oneself sends synchronously.And as the Uninterruptible Power Module 10 of main control module in its two-way optocoupler communication line 172, utilize wherein one as the sequential synchronizing signal, this sequential synchronizing signal is directly connected to input capture (Input Capture) interface of controller 17, with detection, and make all Uninterruptible Power Module 10 phase operation much at one to move as frequency.
And for example shown in Figure 5, its announcement has the possible embodiments of an analog signal synthetic line 173.Each Uninterruptible Power Module 10 can utilize current transformer (CT, current transformer) current waveform is taken out, (the synthetic required shunt load distributing signal of the coupling of Z1～Zn) is passed above-mentioned microprocessor 171 back, and in addition computing via suitable resistance.This analog signal synthetic line 173 further comprises a switch (SW-1～SW-N), only have a Uninterruptible Power Module 10 or enter the pattern of controlled in wireless parallel connection in system, (SW-1～SW-N) makes corresponding Uninterruptible Power Module 10 cut off Parallel Control with bus (PCB) can to utilize this switch.
The Parallel Control bus (PCB) of being somebody's turn to do, in order in system by selecting a main control module with certain method in the Uninterruptible Power Module 10 of at least one above parallel operation, make the operation that whole system is stable, its method is described in detail in Fig. 6 to Figure 10.
Can find out concrete technological means of the present invention by above-mentioned explanation, it has imported so-called hybrid central control method, it utilizes, and each Uninterruptible Power Module itself possesses mode detection and translation function automatically in the system, with the unique main control module of automatic generation, and when main control module lost efficacy, again through competing, can effectively reduce the possibility of single point failure by this, by the module on the line so have higher reliability to produce another main control module; And the redundancy of the designed parallel system of the present invention, be the Uninterruptible Power Module number, the more external person of control centre of its redundancy is evident as height, and because the present invention is not located at any control circuit outside control centre, its reliability thereby significantly lifting, compared to the U.S., the U.S. the 6th, 201, No. 319 patent of invention cases are utilized control centre's management of an outside, cooperate redundant intelligent object (RIM) as backup management simultaneously, and the 6th, 396, No. 170 patent of invention cases of the U.S. propose to select the method for virtual center, on system architecture, more become simple, and the possibility of single point failure is lower.Further, owing to only have main control module and slave module (not needing so-called secondary main control module) in the system, so, even have only a Uninterruptible Power Module, but also normal running, and possesses preferable flexibility, though it is compared to selecting main control module, but still must the running of matching pair main control module, so the U.S. the 6th that can't operate during unit, 396, No. 170 patent of invention cases have possessed remarkable efficacy and have promoted; Obviously the present invention proposes a control method for parallel and a system that takes into account redundancy, reliability and flexibility, and meet the patent of invention important document, mention application in accordance with the law.
Claims (22)
1. Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel, it is characterized in that, all Uninterruptible Power Module possess functions such as identical functions role self-definition, main control module competition, calculation process in parallel in this parallel system, and by under a competitive mode, producing unique main control module in the Uninterruptible Power Module of parallel connection, link up with other module, as the foundation of Parallel Control; When main control module lost efficacy, the Uninterruptible Power Module on the line will reenter competitive mode, produce new main control module, to keep the running of parallel system.
2. Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, each Uninterruptible Power Module possesses following mode of operation at least:
Functional role detects and sets: in order to detect and setting module this as new module, main control module or slave module;
The new module mode of operation will check whether there is main control module in the parallel system, when main control module exists, promptly wait the order of main control module issue slave module requirement, and transformation working pattern be a slave module according to this; Do not exist as main control module, promptly enter competitive mode to produce main control module;
The main control module mode of operation, new module, slave module state in the first check system in regular turn, there has been the reaction of slave module in inquiry in regular turn again, and collects its information, as the foundation of Parallel Control;
The slave module mode of operation, it checks earlier whether main control module exists, and when not existing, itself can be changed to new module, again through competition to select main control module again.
3. as claim 2 a described Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel, it is characterized in that, this Uninterruptible Power Module further has a synchronous transition pattern, when mainly whether needing transition in the system that is checked through, be the order of broadcast synchronization transition, and then transition synchronously on default choice point.
As claim 3 the Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel, it is characterized in that, this Uninterruptible Power Module further has an optionally transition pattern, when the control order wire of intermodule breaks down, promptly is converted to the operator scheme of controlled in wireless parallel connection.
5. Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, this controlled in wireless parallel operation pattern adopts so-called descent method, effective power and reactance capacity that it is known by detecting indivedual Uninterruptible Power Module are carried out the control of phase place and amplitude to Uninterruptible Power Module.
6. Uninterruptible Power Module control method for parallel as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the production identification code that main control module competition in this new module mode of operation is distributed when mainly being meant new module utilization production is delivered on the communication bus that connects each module, when output was identical with the identification number that reads back, just decision oneself was a main control module.
7. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system, it is characterized in that, it comprises the Uninterruptible Power Module of at least one, and this Uninterruptible Power Module comprises at least one cross streams input or direct current is imported, at least one cross streams is exported, a controller of being responsible for whole Uninterruptible Power Module parallel operation reaches joint control system bus in the lump; This Uninterruptible Power Module in parallel can make output-parallel be connected to the load energize, and increase capacity or redundant function are provided; Wherein:
The controller of each Uninterruptible Power Module has mode and detects automatically and translation function, and by joint control system bus and other Uninterruptible Power Module formation is online in the lump, to produce main control module automatically by competitive mode.
8. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, further includes in this system:
One shows and message center, is connected with the controller of at least one Uninterruptible Power Module;
An alternative external connection battery connector is connected with this direct current input, prolongs power-on time with external connection battery;
An alternative charger is in order to the battery charge that each parallel uninterrupted power module is connected;
An output isolation transformer optionally is located at total output of Uninterruptible Power Module parallel connection;
An alternative bypass maintenance switch is located between the I/O that each parallel uninterrupted power module connects altogether.
9. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, this exchanges at least one above mutually interchange input of input, this Uninterruptible Power Module, can be by the mode of distribution or switch, make to exchange input and no matter be greater than one mutually and when single-phase, all use identical Uninterruptible Power Module.
10. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that this direct current is input as battery, its can in be contained in the Uninterruptible Power Module, also can be the battery module beyond the Uninterruptible Power Module.
11. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the controller of this Uninterruptible Power Module comprises the required I/O control circuit of general Uninterruptible Power Module, the voltage that its voltage, frequency, direct current that can detect the interchange input is imported, voltage, electric current and the frequency that exchanges output, can control simultaneously the power switch that exchanges output constantly, and in parallel required Parallel Control bus.
12. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, this controller further comprises a microprocessor, except that doing general I/O control, and the controls constantly such as voltage, electric current that utilize to exchange output exchange the power switch of output, when controlling the Uninterruptible Power Module parallel connection simultaneously, the switch that exchange message utilized.
13. modular power supply system as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that this Parallel Control bus further comprises the two-way control circuit that is made of optocoupler, a group communication bus and by the synthetic analog signal synthetic line of all Uninterruptible Power Module electric currents.
14. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the two-way control circuit that this optocoupler constitutes, and wherein one group of line is used as main control module and sets line, for judging whether system has existed main control module; Another group line supplies main control module transmission timing signal as synchronizing signal.
15. Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the two-way control circuit that this optocoupler constitutes includes the input and output designing impedance matching.
16., it is characterized in that this sequential synchronizing signal is directly connected to the input capture interface of controller as claim 14 or 15 described Uninterruptible Power Module parallel systems.
17., it is characterized in that this simulation composite signal line is synthesized by a certain percentage by the load current of at least one Uninterruptible Power Module as claim 13 a described Uninterruptible Power Module parallel system, it further comprises a switch.
19. a Uninterruptible Power Module comprises,
A power cell comprises an AC/DC transducer, a DC/DC transducer, a dc energy depots (DC bus bank), a DC/AC inverter;
A control unit, The built-in ego function role definition function and new module/main control module/mode of operations such as slave module, and comprise required I/O control circuit of Uninterruptible Power Module and required Parallel Control bus in parallel (Parallel Control Bus, PCB).
20. Uninterruptible Power Module as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, this Uninterruptible Power Module contains optionally charger.
21. Uninterruptible Power Module as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that, this control unit further comprises a microprocessor, when being responsible for required inverter isolated operation and parallel operation, the calculating of required power switch responsibility cycle, the general required function of Uninterruptible Power Module is as exchanging input, the functions such as detection of DC input voitage amplitude and frequency, and the communication of showing required Parallel Control in parallel.
22. Uninterruptible Power Module as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, the Parallel Control bus that this control unit comprises comprises a simulation composite signal circuit, the synthetic bidirectional line of an optocoupler and a group communication bus; It is in parallel with other Uninterruptible Power Module to make this Uninterruptible Power Module pass through the Parallel Control bus.
23. Uninterruptible Power Module as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, the synthetic bidirectional line of this optocoupler wherein one group of line is as synchronous sequence signal, must be connected to the input capture interface that comprises microprocessor in the controller.
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