CN1431175A - Ternary complex fertilizer and its preparation method - Google Patents
Ternary complex fertilizer and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1431175A CN1431175A CN 03113657 CN03113657A CN1431175A CN 1431175 A CN1431175 A CN 1431175A CN 03113657 CN03113657 CN 03113657 CN 03113657 A CN03113657 A CN 03113657A CN 1431175 A CN1431175 A CN 1431175A
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Abstract
A three-element composite fertilizer contains N (14-16) (mass%), P2O5 (4-6), potassium oxide (8-9), Ca (3-6), Mg (2-2.5), S (9-11), B (0-0.1), Cu (0-0.1) and Zn (0-0.1), and is prepared through heating ammonium nitrate to 120-130 deg.C for fusing it, granulating the mixture of other raw materials while spraying the fused ammonium nitrate, drying and sieving. Its advantages are high fertility and high effect on improving quality of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ternary compound fertilizer material and preparation method thereof, be meant a kind of ternary compound fertilizer material that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and middle amount and micro-nutrient and preparation method thereof particularly.
Background technology
Agroecosystem all can cause the loss of nutrient in each loop cycle, therefore, in order to make ecosystem Sustainable development, the just supply of factor and control artificially, one of its basic function is the nutrient circulation.
Western developed country has just been attached great importance to the research and development of compound manure since the seventies in 20th century, relevant achievement and product widespread use in agriculture production, and begin to enter China market in the nineties in 20th century.Because external compound manure contains the nutrient of higher concentration usually, therefore steady quality, is subjected to the extensive welcome of China peasant household simultaneously.But the fertile subject matter of import compound is can not be at soil of China and practical situation and the demand of crop, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium proportioning all are 15: 15: 15, cause uneven fertilising, and the fertilising cost was increased, and makes Soil structure destroy crop failure again.The food market of 5000 mu of cultivated areas in Huiyang, Guangdong Province city for example uses always over more than 10 year that Norway is nitrogenous, phosphorus and potassium are respectively the fertilizer of 15%, 15% and 15% (quality), find that this food market has been not suitable for planting vegetables, and the vegetables root system development is obstructed, and cabbage heart festers.Its major cause is that phosphorus is seriously accumulated, and causes the serious salinization of soil, has destroyed the physics and chemistry structure of soil.Therefore, this universal compound manure had both increased agriculture production cost, was unfavorable for the sustainable development of agriculture production again, and ecotope is polluted destruction.
China's exploitation composite fertilizer that begins one's study from the eighties in 20th century, and enter industrialization in the nineties in 20th century.Fertile domestic existing document of nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium multielement compound and research report, these compound fertilizer characteristics of on essentially consist, raw material sources and manufacturing process, having nothing in common with each other.For example, the Chinese invention patent communique, CN1207379A has reported nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three big element and the composite multifunctional efficient compound fertilizer that form such as moderate-element and trace element, the preparation method carries out granulation earlier with the part component, all the other components dissolved become magma to spray on product particle, use coating agent coating at last, dry, screening product.This invention has solved greatly, neutralization trace element etc. is difficult to the technical barrier that jointly stabilizing exists.Chinese invention patent communique, CN1214331A have been reported urea fused-salt granulation process manufacturing urea-base composite fertilizer.With feed composition such as urea and other phosphorus, potassium or humic acids, flyash and sulfate slags, separated pulverizing is to the 20-60 order, after metering, mixing, water spray are wetting, enter in the rotating cylinder granulating and drying machine, under 120 ℃ of-20 ℃ of high-temperature hot-air effects, melt pelletization, drying, or handle, sieve, measure, pack the method for promptly producing the urea fused-salt granulating method urea-base composite fertilizer of common NPK or organic-inorganic, magnetization fertilizer through magnetization again after cooling off.
Yet still there is outstanding defective in nutrient design of the existing composite fertilizer of above-mentioned reported in literature and preparation method thereof.The ratio of first nitrogen, phosphorus and three kinds of a large amount of nutrients of potassium is unreasonable, can not satisfy the Different Nutrients demand of the vast region of China, numerous farm crop, some nutrient excess wherein, and some nutrient deficiency, present still undeveloped composite fertilizer according to soil characteristic, for example China south, particularly Guangdong Province, soil belongs to the latosol type, be acid, pH value is mostly less than 5, adding that southern rainfall amount is big, cause the most of Soil Nitrogen potassium lost of south and our province serious, is the minimum soil of the plain level of China's potassium; Simultaneously, this acid soil makes phosphorus easily be fixed by iron, aluminium again, thereby causes its validity to reduce.It two is supplies of paying attention to a large amount of nutrients, and the science supply of amount or micro-nutrient in ignoring, because it is very big that different soil types contains the difference of moderate-element and trace element, and the different regions of different crops centering amount is different with the demand of trace element, so that the nutrient difficult design of rational composite fertilizer is bigger.It three is that to make the raw material supply of composite fertilizer unreasonable, and nutrient demand of dissolution rate and plant growth in soil is inharmonious, and dissolution rate is too fast, and crop fails to absorb fully and causes waste; Dissolution rate is too slow, hinders nutrient again and arrives the crop rhizosphere absorption.
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing compound fertilizer formula and preparation method's weak point, research and develop out ternary compound fertilizer material of a kind of suitable China soils in south china feature and crop growth demand and preparation method thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following measure.
A kind of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium three big elements, the ternary compound fertilizer material of calcium, magnesium, three kinds of moderate-elements of sulphur and boron, copper, zinc microelement, its component and quality percentage composition are as follows:
Nitrogen 14～16
Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 4～6
Potassium oxide 8～9
Calcium 3.0～6.0
Magnesium 2.0～2.5
Sulphur 9.0～11.0
Boron 0～0.1
Copper 0～0.1
Zinc 0～0.1
A kind of preparation method of ternary compound fertilizer material is characterized in that adopting the concrete steps of the molten slurry of ammonium nitrate granulation process as follows:
Step 1: get the raw materials ready
The component of raw material and quality percentage composition
Ammonium nitrate 16～27
Ammonium sulfate 30～40
Monoammonium phosphate 8～12
Repone K 12～18
Lime carbonate 12～15
Magnesium oxide 0～4
Sal epsom 0～13
Copper sulfate 0～0.5
Zinc sulfate 0～0.6
Borax 0～1
Step 2: molten slurry granulation
Ammonium nitrate is rendered in the molten slurry jar, be heated to 120-130 ℃, make it become molten state with steam jacket; All the other starting material except that ammonium nitrate are rendered in the rotary drum granulator, under rotation situation, sprayed into the ammonium nitrate of molten state;
Step 3: dry, sub-sieve
The material of agglomerating granular attitude is sent into revolution dry granular machine, material is heated to 110 ℃-95 ℃ with warm air, further granulation, drying is sent into sieve apparatus then, metering after the anti-caking of coating is handled, packing.
This preparation method is a nitrogenous source with agricultural ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate, and wherein ammonium sulfate is Gourmet Powder Factory's industrial waste.
The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:
1, at soils in south china feature and concrete crop growth demand, the prescription of design ternary compound fertilizer material, make it contain a large amount of, the middle amount and the micro-part of rational proportion, nitrogenous source is supplied with by ammonium nitrate, make the nitric nitrogen and the ammonium nitrogen that contain an amount of ratio in the fertilizer, thereby significantly improve the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer product.Adopt the prepared ternary compound fertilizer material of following examples, on balsam pear, carambola, blue or green jujube, paddy rice and Plantula Brassicae chinensis, use respectively, significantly improve the output of crop.Specific as follows:
1. balsam pear
Qingxin County, Guangdong Province peasant household is at 1 mu of balsam pear of latosol paddy planting, and plant July 7 calendar year 2001, and kind is green No. 2 of academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province.Use the composite fertilizer of the embodiment of the invention 2, adopt the fertilising of ditching mounding.
Fertilising quantity: use base manure once, topdress five times, amount to 280kg.
The output and the output value: began results on August 24, gather in the crops 17 batches in balsam pear altogether, amount to 1136kg, 1784.3 yuan of sales revenue.
One mu of balsam pear that neighbours' next door is planted simultaneously, growing way is relatively poor, just gathers in the crops for the first time to August 31.Both contrasts, fertilizer of the present invention can make balsam pear gather in the crops ahead of time 7 days, and output improves more than 20%.
2. carambola
1.5 mu of carambola are planted at the latosol hillside in fruit field, Qingxin County, Guangdong Province in 2000, totally 50, execute embodiment 1 composite fertilizer 10kg altogether for every.Calendar year 2001 every output 40kg amounts to 2000kg, 8000 yuan of sales revenue, volume increase 150%.
3. blue or green jujube
13 mu of Taiwan green jujubes are planted, totally 400 at the latosol hillside in fruit field, Qingxin County, Guangdong Province in 2000.The first half of the year, fruit tree grew fine, but to the second half year, after blue or green jujube is bloomed, born fruit, found symptoms such as disleave, shedding.Through using the fertilizer of the embodiment of the invention 1, every the 20kg that applies fertilizer altogether is when young jujube obtains good harvest.Every mean yield 22.5kg, 400 output are total to 900kg, and sales revenue is more than 70,000 yuan.Compare with the blue or green jujube of equal soil property equivalent amount, income improves 50%.
4. paddy rice
Qingxin County, Guangdong Province peasant household is in one mu of paddy rice of latosol paddy planting, rice transplanting sowing on July 28 calendar year 2001, and kind is that province is rich excellent 903, the fertilizer of successively using the embodiment of the invention 3 for 4 times is 58.5kg altogether.Vegetative period, the rice seedling growing way was fine, and extension fringe phase rice does tall and straight, and spike of rice is long, and grain is full.Results gulch 541kg, and only gathered in the crops 425kg with the paddy rice of plot and same kind in 2000, increased production 27.2%.
2, used various starting material, all belong to the general chemical product that china natural resources is abundant, price is cheaper, wherein some starting material is recycled from chemical process, thereby both eliminated environmental pollution, reduced the cost of product again, compared with similar products, per ton cost can reduce more than 10%.
3, improve quality and the security of crop, table 1 and table 2 are listed the assay to Plantula Brassicae chinensis and carambola by quality of vegetable supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture (Guangzhou), showing that the security of the crop of using with the fertilizer of this project has reached the requirement of relative national standards fully, is ideal green food.
Embodiment
Step 1: get the raw materials ready
Used raw-material nutrient quality percentage composition is as follows: ammonium nitrate nitrogenous 34.40; Ammonium sulfate is nitrogenous 20.00, sulfur-bearing 24.00; Monoammonium phosphate is nitrogenous 10.00, contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 50.00; Repone K contains potassium oxide 60.00; Magnesium oxide contains magnesium 58.00; Sal epsom contains magnesium 16.00, sulfur-bearing 21.30; Lime carbonate calcic 38.00; Borax boracic 11.20; Copper sulfate cupric 25.00; Zinc sulfate contains zinc 22.00.
Embodiment 1 is the prescription that nitrogen 15.0%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 6.0%, potassium oxide 8.0%, calcium 5.9%, magnesium 2.0%, sulphur 9.3%, boron 0.05% design the ternary compound fertilizer material by the nutrient mass content.
Embodiment 2 is the prescription that nitrogen 14.0%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 6.0%, potassium oxide 9.0%, calcium 3.3%, magnesium 2.0%, sulphur 9.2%, copper 0.05%, boron 0.1% design the ternary compound fertilizer material by the nutrient mass content.
Embodiment 3 is the prescription that nitrogen 16.0%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 4.0%, potassium oxide 9.0%, calcium 4.8%, magnesium 2.0%, sulphur 10.5%, copper 0.1%, zinc 0.1% design the ternary compound fertilizer material by the nutrient mass content.
Used starting material and quality thereof are composed as follows:
Starting material title embodiment 1 embodiment 2 embodiment 3
Ammonium nitrate (kg) 16.0 16.0 26.8
Ammonium sulfate (kg) 39.0 39.0 30.0
Monoammonium phosphate (kg) 12.0 12.0 8.0
Repone K (kg) 13.0 00
Vitriolate of tartar (kg) 0 13.0 18.0
Magnesium oxide (kg) 3.5 0 4.1
Sal epsom (kg) 0 12.5 0
Lime carbonate (kg) 16.0 6.3 12.2
Copper sulfate (kg) 0 0.2 0.4
Zinc sulfate (kg) 00 0.5
Borax (kg) 0.5 1.0 0
Add up to (kg) 100.0 100.0 100.0
Step 2: the molten slurry of ammonium nitrate granulation
Ammonium nitrate is rendered in the molten slurry jar, be heated to 120-130 ℃, make it become molten state with steam jacket; All the other starting material except that ammonium nitrate are rendered in the rotary drum granulator, under rotation situation, sprayed into the ammonium nitrate of molten state;
Step 3: dry, sub-sieve
The material of agglomerating granular attitude is sent into revolution dry granular machine, material is heated between 110 ℃-95 ℃ further granulation with warm air; drying is sent the exsiccant work in-process into sieve apparatus then, and screening obtains the 3-4mm particle; handle finished product metering, packing through the anti-caking of coating.
The foregoing description 1 is applicable to fruit trees such as plantation Taiwan carambola, blue or green jujube, lichee on the latosol; Embodiment 2 is applicable to planting vegetable class crop on the latosol; Embodiment 3 is applicable to crops such as southern acid paddy field rice cultivation.
Table 1 Plantula Brassicae chinensis assay
| Project name | Unit | The standard-required value | Measured data | Inspecting standard or method | Individual event is judged |
| Arsenic | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.5 | ????0.032 | ????GB/T5009.11 | Qualified |
| Plumbous | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.2 | ????0.141 | ????GB/T5009.12 | Qualified |
| Cadmium | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.05 | ????0.022 | ????GB/T5009.15 | Qualified |
| Mercury | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.01 | ????0.001 | ????GB/T5009.17 | Qualified |
| Nitrite | ???mg/kg | ?????≤4.0 | ????0.92 | ????GB/T5009.33 | Qualified |
| Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.1 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.19 | Qualified |
| Phenyl-hexachloride | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.2 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.19 | Qualified |
| Trichlorphon | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.1 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Rogor | ???mg/kg | ?????≤1.0 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Chlorpyrifos 94 | ???mg/kg | ?????≤1.0 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Volaton | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.05 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Fenitrothion 95 | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.5 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| The Malathion | ???mg/kg | Must not detect | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Acephate | ???mg/kg | ?????≤0.2 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Cypermethrin | ???mg/kg | ?????≤1.0 | ???0.072 | ?????GB/T17332 | Qualified |
The assay of table 2 carambola
| Project name | Unit | The standard-required value | Measured data | Inspecting standard or method | Individual event is judged |
| Mercury | ??mg/kg | ?????≤0.01 | ????0.003 | ????GB/T5009.17 | Qualified |
| Plumbous | ??mg/kg | ?????≤0.2 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.12 | Qualified |
| Cadmium | ??mg/kg | ?????≤0.03 | ???0.0214 | ????GB/T5009.15 | Qualified |
| Nitrate | ??mg/kg | ?????≤400 | ?????266 | ????GB/T5009.33 | Qualified |
| Nitrite | ??mg/kg | ?????≤4.0 | ????0.237 | ????GB/T5009.33 | Qualified |
| Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane | ??mg/kg | ?????≤0.2 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.19 | Qualified |
| Phenyl-hexachloride | ??mg/kg | ?????≤0.1 | ???0.0003 | ????GB/T5009.19 | Qualified |
| Acephatemet | ??mg/kg | Must not detect | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| M-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile | ??mg/kg | ?????≤1.0 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Cypermethrin | ??mg/kg | ?????≤2.0 | Do not detect | ????GB/T5009.20 | Qualified |
| Ash content | ????％ | ??????- | ????0.564 | ???????GB8857 | ?????- |
| Protein | ????％ | ??????- | ?????0.65 | ???????GB8856 | ?????- |
| Vitamins C | ??mg/100g | ??????- | ?????13.0 | ?????GB/T12392 | ?????- |
| Total reducing sugar | ????％ | ??????- | ?????4.80 | ?????GB5009.7 | ?????- |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of ternary compound fertilizer material is characterized in that this composite fertilizer is nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium three big elements, calcium, magnesium, three kinds of moderate-elements of sulphur and boron, copper, zinc microelement, and its component and quality percentage composition are as follows:
Nitrogen 14～16
Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 4～6
Potassium oxide 8～9
Calcium 3.0～6.0
Magnesium 2.0～2.5
Sulphur 9.0～11.0
Boron 0～0.1
Copper 0～0.1
Zinc 0～0.1
2, a kind of preparation method of ternary compound fertilizer material is characterized in that adopting the concrete steps of the molten slurry of ammonium nitrate granulation process as follows:
Step 1: get the raw materials ready
The component of raw material and quality percentage composition
Ammonium nitrate 16～27
Ammonium sulfate 30～40
Monoammonium phosphate 8～12
Repone K 0～13
Vitriolate of tartar 0～18
Lime carbonate 12～16
Magnesium oxide 0～4.5
Sal epsom 0～13
Copper sulfate 0～0.5
Zinc sulfate 0～0.6
Borax 0～1.0
Step 2: molten slurry granulation
Ammonium nitrate is rendered in the molten slurry jar, be heated to 120-130 ℃, make it become molten state with steam jacket; All the other starting material except that ammonium nitrate are rendered in the rotary drum granulator, under rotation situation, sprayed into the ammonium nitrate of molten state;
Step 3: dry, sub-sieve
The material of agglomerating granular attitude is sent into revolution dry granular machine, material is heated to 110 ℃-95 ℃ with warm air, further granulation, drying is sent into sieve apparatus then, metering after the anti-caking of coating is handled, packing.
3, the preparation method of a kind of ternary compound fertilizer material according to claim 2 is characterized in that with agricultural ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and monoammonium phosphate be nitrogenous source, and wherein ammonium sulfate is Gourmet Powder Factory's industrial waste.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101993288A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-03-30 | 刘秀玲 | Special balanced fertilizer for Chinese cabbage |
| CN102531752A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 盐城市早发农业技术开发有限公司 | Formula fertilizer for controlling yellow runt seedlings, stunt seedlings, and rusty spot red withered seedlings of crops |
| CN103524274A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Method for producing cooling-free compound fertilizer |
| CN103708871A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Composite fertilizer special for cotton |
| CN103771970A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 广东达一农林生态科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for slash pine and fertilizing method thereof |
| CN103864490A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-06-18 | 华南农业大学 | Special composite fertilizer for catalpa bungei seedling, and applications thereof |
| CN105016824A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 丁德凤 | Compound fertilizer formula |
| CN105473534A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2016-04-06 | 康帕斯矿物曼尼托巴股份有限公司 | Phosphate magnesium zinc fertilizer |
| CN107365184A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 云南云天化股份有限公司 | Utilize industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and the method for the full Water soluble fertilizer of ammonium nitrate co-production |
| CN107892612A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-10 | 成都云图控股股份有限公司 | A kind of method for reducing high tower nitro product moisture |
| CN110041128A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-23 | 上海永通生态工程股份有限公司 | A kind of blueness jujube controlled release bulk blended fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101993288A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-03-30 | 刘秀玲 | Special balanced fertilizer for Chinese cabbage |
| CN102531752A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 盐城市早发农业技术开发有限公司 | Formula fertilizer for controlling yellow runt seedlings, stunt seedlings, and rusty spot red withered seedlings of crops |
| CN102531752B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-10-23 | 盐城市早发农业技术开发有限公司 | Formula fertilizer for controlling yellow runt seedlings, stunt seedlings, and rusty spot red withered seedlings of crops |
| CN105473534A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2016-04-06 | 康帕斯矿物曼尼托巴股份有限公司 | Phosphate magnesium zinc fertilizer |
| CN103524274A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Method for producing cooling-free compound fertilizer |
| CN103524274B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-15 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Method for producing cooling-free compound fertilizer |
| CN103708871A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Composite fertilizer special for cotton |
| CN103771970A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-07 | 广东达一农林生态科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for slash pine and fertilizing method thereof |
| CN103771970B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-08-17 | 广东达一农林生态科技股份有限公司 | Pinus elliottii special fertilizer and fertilizing method thereof |
| CN103864490A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-06-18 | 华南农业大学 | Special composite fertilizer for catalpa bungei seedling, and applications thereof |
| CN103864490B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-12-09 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of Chinese catalpa nursery composite fertilizer special and application thereof |
| CN105016824A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 丁德凤 | Compound fertilizer formula |
| CN107365184A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 云南云天化股份有限公司 | Utilize industrial grade monoammonium phosphate and the method for the full Water soluble fertilizer of ammonium nitrate co-production |
| CN107892612A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-10 | 成都云图控股股份有限公司 | A kind of method for reducing high tower nitro product moisture |
| CN110041128A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-23 | 上海永通生态工程股份有限公司 | A kind of blueness jujube controlled release bulk blended fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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