CN1229907C - 控制驱动线性电动机的装置及其方法 - Google Patents

控制驱动线性电动机的装置及其方法 Download PDF

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CN1229907C
CN1229907C CNB031277209A CN03127720A CN1229907C CN 1229907 C CN1229907 C CN 1229907C CN B031277209 A CNB031277209 A CN B031277209A CN 03127720 A CN03127720 A CN 03127720A CN 1229907 C CN1229907 C CN 1229907C
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linear motor
coil
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turn
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CN1507147A (zh
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李宰模
许庆范
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
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Abstract

一种控制线性电动机的驱动的装置及其方法。这种装置,在线性电动机超载时,可提高线性压缩机的效率,并稳定地驱动线性电动机。所述装置包括一个检测施加于电动机的电流的电流检测单元;一个根据所检测的电流输出控制信号的控制单元;和一个根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数的开关。其中,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,控制单元输出一个增加线性电动机线圈匝数的第一控制信号到开关,而当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区不存在,或电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,控制单元输出一个减少线性电动机线圈匝数的第二控制信号到开关。

Description

控制驱动线性电动机的装置及其方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电动机和控制安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机驱动的装置及其方法。
背景技术
一般地说,线性压缩机,特别是安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机,并不装备使旋转运动转变为线性运动的曲柄轴、因而降低摩擦损耗。据此,线性压缩机的压缩效率比普通压缩机的效率好。
在把线性电动压缩机用于冰壳体或空调时,输入线性电动机的冲程电压是变化的,以致使线性压缩机的压缩比发生变化,从而控制制冷能力。
线性压缩机将参照图1加以说明。
图1是一种根据常规技术制造的线性压缩机的剖视图。
如图1所示,常规线性压缩机包括:一个通过连接吸气管5和排气管1安装的壳体2;一个安装在壳体2上的机架单元6;一个安装在机架单元6上、作线性运动的线性电动机100;一个与线性电动机100的可移动单元100-3相连、靠机架单元6支撑的压缩单元7;和一个向线性运动方向弹性支撑线性电动机100的可移动单元100-3、因而被激励谐振运动的谐振弹簧单元4。其中,线性电动机包括可移动元件100-3,一个外定子100-1和一个内定子100-2。
同时,安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机100还包括一个多匝线圈。线性电动机100将参照图2加以说明。
图2表示的是一种根据常规技术制造的、安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机100的等效电路。
如图2所示,线性电动机100的等效电路包括一个有预定匝数的线圈L和电阻R。也就是说,线性电动机线圈L的匝数被设计成与正常负载相对应。
然而,在根据常规技术制造的线性压缩机中,内线性电动机线圈的匝数是预先设计的,以便与正常负载相对应,而三端双向可控硅开关元件(未示出),在控制向此电动机供电的交流电源以正常模式驱动线性电动机时,产生谐波损失,从而降低压缩效率。
也就是说,常规线性电动机不能变动内线圈的匝数,以致压缩机效率为谐波损失所降低。
另外,这种安装在常规线性压缩机上的、有一个线圈的线性电动机在超载时停机。也就是说,当超载在线性电动机上产生时,驱动线性电动机的电流不能被增加。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供控制线性电动机的驱动的装置和方法,而这种装置,可通过根据施加于安装在线性压缩机上的这种线性电动机的电流值改变线性电动机线圈的匝数,提高线性压缩机的效率。
本发明的另一个目标是为控制线性电动机的驱动提供装置和方法,而这种装置,当线性电动机超载时,可通过根据施加于这种线性电动机的电流值改变线性电动机线圈的匝数,稳定驱动线性电动机。
为了实现本发明的这些优点和其它优点,并根据本发明的用途,如所实施的和这里所大体描述的,提供了一种控制线性电动机的驱动的装置,它包括:一个检测施加于安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的电流的电流检测单元,一个根据所检测的电流输出控制信号的控制单元,和一个根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数的开关。其中,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,控制单元输出一个增加线性电动机线圈匝数的第一控制信号到开关,而当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区不存在,或电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,控制单元输出一个减少线性电动机线圈匝数的第二控制信号到开关。
为了实现本发明的这些优点和其它优点,并根据本发明的用途,如所实施的和这里所大体描述的,提供了一种控制线性电动机的驱动的方法,它包括:检测施加于线性电动机的电流;根据所检测的电流产生控制信号,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,产生一个增加线性电动机线圈匝数的第一控制信号,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区不存在,或电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,产生一个减少线性电动机线圈匝数的第二控制信号;和根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数。
本发明根据向安装在线性压缩机上的线性生电动机供应的电流,改变线性电动机线圈的匝数,可降低由控制向线性电动机200供应交流电的三端双向可控硅开关元件引起的谐波损失,从而提高压缩机的效率。也就是说,在本发明中,当向安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机供应的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,线性电动机线圈的匝数被增加,以便减低施加于线性电动机的电流,从而降低由控制向线性电动机200供应交流电的三端双向可控硅开关元件引起的谐波损失,进而提高压缩机的效率。
另外,在本发明中,由于线性电动机线圈的匝数是根据施加于安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的电流变化的,所以线性电动机当其超载时可稳定地被驱动。也就是说,在本发明中,当向安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机供应的电流值为零的电流静区(t1)完全不存在时,或者电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,亦即,当线性电动机超载时,线性电动机线圈的匝数被减少,以便增加施加于线性电动机的电流。据此,线性电动机当其超载时可稳定地被驱动。
本发明的上述的和其它的目标、特点、方面和优点,通过下述结合附图对本发明的详细描述,将变的更清楚。
附图说明
为了提供对本发明的进一步理解,这里所包括的、被纳入本说明书和构成其一部分的附图,说明了本发明的实施例,并与描述一起,用以解释本发明的原理。
在这些附图中:
图1是一种根据常规技术制造的线性压缩机的剖视图;
图2表示的是一种根据常规技术制造的、安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的等效电路;
图3表示的是一种根据本发明制造的控制线性电动机的驱动的装置;
图4A和4B表示的是由图3中电流检测单元所检测的电流的波形。
具体实施方式
这里将详细引用本发明的优选实施例,其中一些例子示于附图中。
在下文中,将参照图3以及图4A和4B,对一种控制线性电动机的驱动的装置和方法加以说明;这种装置,通过检测施加于安装在线性往复式压缩机上的线性电动机的电流,进而根据所检测的电流,产生控制信号,再进而根据控制信号,改变线性电动机线圈的匝数,可提高线性压缩机的效率,并可在线性电动机超载时,稳定驱动线性电动机。
图3表示的是一种根据本发明制造的控制线性电动机的驱动的装置。
如图3所示,这种控制安装在线性压缩机(未示出)上的线性电动机200的驱动的装置包括:一个检测施加于线性电动机200上的电流的电流检测单元201;一个根据所检测的电流输出开关控制信号的控制单元202;和一个连接交流电源AC和根据开关控制信号改变线性电动机200的匝数的开关。这里,线性电动机200包括:以预定匝数缠绕的第一线圈L1和以预定匝数缠绕的、并与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2。另外,线性电动机200的一个等效电路包括两个分别有预定匝数的线圈L1和L2以及电阻R。
因此,开关203根据控制信号向第一线圈L1或向与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2供应交流电流,从而控制施加于线性电动机200的电流。也就是说,开关203根据控制信号与第一线圈L1或与与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2相连,从而改变线性电动机线圈的匝数。另外,线性电动机线圈可有多组构成。
在下文中,将参照图4A和4B,对这种控制线性电动机的驱动的装置的操作,加以说明。
图4A和4B表示的是由图3中电流检测单元所检测的电流的波形。
首先,电流检测单元201检测施加于线性电动机200的电流,向控制单元202输出所检测的电流。
当安装在压缩机上的线性电动机200一开始被驱动时,控制单元202输出驱动线性电动机200的第一个控制信号,进入开关203的一个高效模式。在此,这个高效模式是一个在线性电动机200被驱动时通过第一线圈L1和与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2供应交流电流的模式。也就是说,这个高效模式,通过增加线性电动机线圈的匝数,可降低施加于线性电动机200的电流,进而可降低由一个控制向电动机200供应交流电的三端双向可控硅开关元件造成的谐波损失,从而可提高压缩机的效率。
开关203通过接收第一个控制信号与第二线圈L2的B接触点相连接。也就是说,线性电动机200通过接收经由第一线圈L1和与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2的交流电AC而被驱动。在此,开关203最好使用继电器。
因此,如果线性电动机200被驱动进入高效模式,常规三端双向可控硅开关元件所引起谐波损失将降低,从而可提高压缩机的效率。
同时,当从电流检测单元201输出的电流值为零的一个电流静区如图4A所示不存在时,或者这个电流静区在一个预定时间内不存在时,控制单元202把线性电动机200识别为超载状态,从而输出驱动线性电动机200的第二个信号,进入开关203的一个超载对应模式。在此,这个超载对应模式可补偿起因于电动机超载的亏损电压,从而防止出现电压不足。也就是说,这个超载对应模式,在线性电动机200超载时,可减少线性电动机线圈的匝数,进而增加施加于线性电动机200的电流,从而稳定地驱动线性电动机200。
开关203通过接收第二个控制信号与第一线圈L1与第二线圈L2之间的A接触点相连接。这时,线性电动机200通过接收只经由第一线圈的交流电被驱动。也就是说,开关203根据第二个控制信号把‘高效模式’转换到‘超载对应模式’,亦即,把B接触点转换到A接触点,从而减少电动机线圈的匝数,防止出现电压不足,进而稳定地驱动线性电动机。也就是说,当线性电动机超载时,电动机线圈的匝数是变化的,以便控制施加于电动机的电流,从而稳定地驱动线性电动机。
接下来,当从电流检测单元201输出的电流值为零的一个电流静区如图4B所示在一个预定时间内存在时,控制单元202输出驱动线性电动机200的第一个控制信号,进入开关203的‘高效模式’。
开关203通过接收第一个控制信号与第二线圈L2的B接触点相连接。也就是说,线性电动机200通过接收经由第一线圈L1和与第一线圈串联的第二线圈L2的交流电AC而被驱动。
同时,电流检测单元201可增大施加于线性电动机的电流值为零的电流静区到比预定时间长,并输出对应这个增大了的电流静区的电流值到控制单元202,以致控制单元202可轻易识别线性电动机处于‘高效模式’。
如前所述,本发明,根据向安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机供应的电流,改变线性电动机线圈的匝数,可降低由控制向线性电动机200供应交流电的三端双向可控硅开关元件引起的谐波损失,从而提高压缩机的效率。也就是说,在本发明中,当向安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机供应的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,线性电动机线圈的匝数被增加,以便减低施加于线性电动机的电流,从而降低由控制向线性电动机200供应交流电的三端双向可控硅开关元件引起的谐波损失,进而提高压缩机的效率。
另外,在本发明中,由于线性电动机线圈的匝数是根据施加于安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的电流变化的,所以线性电动机当其超载时可稳定地被驱动。也就是说,在本发明中,当向安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机供应的电流值为零的电流静区(t1)完全不存在时,或者电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,亦即,当线性电动机超载时,线性电动机线圈的匝数被减少,以便增加施加于线性电动机的电流。据此,线性电动机当其超载时可稳定地被驱动。
由于本发明可以在不背离其精神和基本特征的情况下以几种形式加以实施,所以除非另有说明,上述实施例也应当被理解为不受上述说明的任何细节的限制,而应当在本发明的精神和范围内加以广泛解释。因此,凡属于本发明边界内的变更和改动均预期为本发明所涵盖。

Claims (8)

1.一种控制线性电动机的驱动的装置,包括:
一个检测施加于安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的电流的检测单元;
一个根据所检测的电流输出控制信号的控制单元;
一个根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数的开关,
其中,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,控制单元输出一个增加线性电动机线圈匝数的第一控制信号到开关,而当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区不存在,或电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,控制单元输出一个减少线性电动机线圈匝数的第二控制信号到开关。
2.如权利要求1的装置,其中,线性电动机包括一个以预定匝数缠绕的第一线圈和一个以预定匝数缠绕的、与第一线圈串联的第二线圈。
3.如权利要求2的装置,其中,第二线圈与第一线圈串联,开关,当收到第一控制信号时,与第二线圈(L2)的接触点(B)相连接;而当收到第二控制信号时,与第一线圈(L1)与第二线圈(L2)之间的接触点(A)相连接。
4.如权利要求1的装置,其中,开关根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数,进而改变施加于线性电动机的电流。
5.如权利要求1的装置,其中,开关是一个继电器。
6.一种控制线性电动机的驱动的方法,包括:
检测施加于安装在线性压缩机上的线性电动机的电流;
根据所检测的电流产生控制信号,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区在预定时间内存在时,产生一个增加线性电动机线圈匝数的第一控制信号,当从电流检测单元输出的电流值为零的电流静区不存在,或电流静区在预定时间内不存在时,产生一个减少线性电动机线圈匝数的第二控制信号;
根据控制信号改变线性电动机线圈匝数。7.如权利要求6的方法,其中,线性电动机包括一个以预定匝数缠绕的第一线圈和一个以预定匝数缠绕的、与第一线圈串联的第二线圈。
8.如权利要求7的方法,其中,改变线性电动机线圈匝数的步骤包括以下步骤:
当收到第一控制信号时,经由第一线圈和与第一线圈串联的第二线圈向线性电动机供电;和
当收到第二控制信号时,经由第一线圈向线性电动机供电。
9.如权利要求6的方法,其中,线性电动机线圈匝数根据控制信号改变,进而施加于线性电动机的电流相应地改变。
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