CN1205070C - 尤其是用于汽车的雨水传感器 - Google Patents

尤其是用于汽车的雨水传感器 Download PDF

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CN1205070C
CN1205070C CNB018046274A CN01804627A CN1205070C CN 1205070 C CN1205070 C CN 1205070C CN B018046274 A CNB018046274 A CN B018046274A CN 01804627 A CN01804627 A CN 01804627A CN 1205070 C CN1205070 C CN 1205070C
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described structure
rain sensor
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glass
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H·绍特尔
B·霍达普
R·皮恩特卡
H·迈尔
A·施奈德尔
M·博卡特
M·思罗尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0874Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield
    • B60S1/0881Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield characterized by the attachment means on the windshield
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0833Optical rain sensor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0874Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield
    • B60S1/0888Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield characterized by the attachment of the elements in a unit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于汽车的雨水传感器(10),它具有至少一个在工作状态中发出光线的发射器(20)和至少一个至少局部对该发射器(20)的光线敏感的接收器(22)以及一个基本上平坦的光导体(14),该光导体可以大致平行于汽车的可润湿的车窗玻璃(12)的一个表面地被联接并且它具有输入和输出该发射器(20)的光线的输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构(18a,18b),输入光线的所述结构(18a)与输出光线的所述结构(18b)是不同的,并且输入光线的所述结构(18a)具有光线聚焦特性,其中,输入光线的所述结构(18a)是球形特性,输出光线的所述结构(18b)是非球形特性,输出光线的所述结构(18b)具有一圆柱体形部分,其中,该圆柱体形部分的顶面被设计成非球形透镜。

Description

尤其是用于汽车的雨水传感器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于汽车的雨水传感器。
背景技术
已知有许多种雨水传感器,例如从德国专利DE19815748A1中知道了雨水传感器,它们借助一个发射器和一个接收器并通过全反射原理来测量汽车车窗玻璃的润湿情况。这些传感器都有一个光导体,它基本上成平坦结构并大致平行于车窗玻璃表面地被设置在汽车内侧。
发明内容
根据本发明的雨水传感器具有以下优点,即通过各种不同的输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构,可以顾及到各自聚焦需要,从而提高了雨水传感器的灵敏度。
为此,本发明提供一种用于汽车的雨水传感器,它具有至少一个在工作状态中发出光线的发射器和至少一个至少局部对该发射器的光线敏感的接收器以及一个基本上平坦的光导体,该光导体可以大致平行于汽车的可润湿的车窗玻璃的一个表面地被联接并且它具有输入和输出该发射器的光线的输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构,输入光线的所述结构与输出光线的所述结构是不同的,并且输入光线的所述结构具有光线聚焦特性,其中,输入光线的所述结构是球形特性,输出光线的所述结构是非球形特性,输出光线的所述结构具有一圆柱体形部分,其中,该圆柱体形部分的顶面被设计成非球形透镜。
用于将光线输入到车窗玻璃内的结构是球形特性且输出光线的结构是非球形特性是尤其有利的。这样一来,将最大光量输入到车窗玻璃中,同时只是与降雨测量有关的光线从车窗玻璃中被输出。因而,测量范围扩大到车窗玻璃并因而提高了雨水传感器的信噪比。
若将输入光线的结构设计成球缺或球冠形,则很容易加工出这样的球形的结构,尤其是当光导体是注塑件时。
此外,输出光线的结构最好具有斜圆柱体形部分并且其顶面成非球形透镜状,这是有利的。圆柱体形部分造成了光阑式效应,因而只是所希望的光线能够透过光导体射入接收器。通过非球形透镜,可以使接收器比用。球形透镜时更近地移向光导体。
此外,若集束光线聚焦在圆柱形部分的几何中心轴线外,则这是特别有利的。通过这种偏斜透镜,可以使光学元件如发射器和接收器更加接近地移向光导体,由此进一步减少散射光量。
如果与车窗玻璃耦联的光导体表面具有一个略凸的凸面,则有利地避免了在将光导体耦联到车窗玻璃上时可能出现在耦联部位上的气泡。另外,在装配时,在整个光导体上产生了应力,结果,例如补偿了由温度或老化引起的形状变化。
如果各自成对布置地分别设置多个输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构,则可以在最窄的空间里设置多个测量段并且将雨水传感器尺寸限制到最小。这是特别有利的,因为可以不阻碍视线地将雨水传感器布置在车窗玻璃上。
如果分别设有四个输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构并且这些结构被布置成可使这些测量段在其于车窗玻璃上的投影面上形成一个平行四边形,则这是特别有利的。通过这样的布置,可以用两个发射器和两个接收器实现四个测量段,其中,在平行四边形中心有例如足以布置另一个传感器或一个加热装置的空间。此外,由于每个发射器以多条测量线状态发射且每个接收器由多个方向接收,因而就省掉了昂贵的光学半导体元件。
如果可与车窗玻璃耦联的光导体表面至少局部地具有多组分粘合剂中的一个成分,则光导体就能被快速可靠地安装在车窗玻璃上。
此外,这些输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构最好分别对应于一个发射器和/或一个接收器。
附图说明
附图示出了本发明的一个实施例,在以下说明书中对其进行详细说明。
图1是本发明雨水传感器的截面图。
图2以透视图表示本发明雨水传感器的一个光导体。
具体实施方式
图1表示在车窗玻璃12上的本发明雨水传感器10的一个截面。雨水传感器10具有一个光导体14,它形成雨水传感器10的盖子。雨水传感器10以光导体14并通过连接介质16被粘在车窗玻璃12上。当然,如果采取如借助单独紧固装置的固定,则也可以使用非粘性连接介质。
光导体14具有结构18a、18b,它们使由发射器20发出的光线经过连接介质16被输入车窗玻璃12并使全反射光线重新经过连接介质16而从车窗玻璃12中输出并转向接收器22。在这里,发射器20和接收器22都被设置在一个共同的成印制电路板形式的薄板24上。在雨水传感器10中,这个薄板24大致平行于车窗玻璃12地设置于外壳25内,确切地说,它是这样布置的,即发射器20和接收器22都定位大致在结构18a、18b的上面。此外,光导体也可以具有未示出的拱顶,它咬入薄板24的对应孔里并因而使发射器和接收器对准结构18a、18b变得更容易。在这种情况下,接收器22和/或发射器20的定向当然这样进行,即接收器22和/或发射器20的敏感区被设置在光线聚焦的结构18a、18b的聚焦区内,以获得最高灵敏度。
由发射器20发出的光线以约45°的角被输入车窗玻璃12并在车窗玻璃12的可润湿表面上与润湿情况有关地至少部分被反射回来并以约45°角从车窗玻璃12中被输出并转给接收器22。
外壳25可以在其外面上还具有凸耳26,它们用于将第二外壳套在整个雨水传感器10上,尤其是当对外壳提出特殊要求时。不言而喻的是,这也与光导体14的专门设计结构无关。
图2以透视图详细示出了一个光导体14。该光导体基本上成长方形构造并有一个环形的槽28。在槽28的区域中,还设置了其它紧固元件30,它们将光导体紧固在外壳上。为校准图1所示薄板24的方位,光导体具有拱顶32,这些拱顶垂直于车窗玻璃12地呈圆柱形地从光导体14上凸起。结构18a、18b分别成对地大致设置在光导体14长方形的中心。结构18a用于输入由发射器20发出的光线,结构18b用于输出车窗玻璃的全反射光线并使之聚焦到接收器22上。
输入光线的结构18a成球缺形或球冠形,它们就在光导体14的平坦底面34上。由于发射器20布置在结构18a的上面,所以即使远离光线也被折向车窗玻璃12,与现有技术的透镜结构相比,提高了耦合输入车窗玻璃中的总光量。
用于输出光线并聚焦到接收器22上的结构18b主要包括一个圆柱体形部分36,在其顶面上形成一个非球形透镜38。由于反映测量信号的全反射光线应尽可能准确地聚焦到接收器22上,因而这种非球形的结构18b特别适于输出。非球形透镜的形状和布置位置应使其聚焦区准确地占据接收器22的敏感面。
由于结构18a、18b成对布置,因而借助两个分别布置在一对结构18a上面的发射器20和两个分别布置在一对结构18b上面的接收器而形成四个测量段,它们在车窗玻璃12上的投影形成一个平行四边形。通过这种方式,在平行四边形中央还留有结构空间,其中可以布置另一个传感器如亮度传感器或温度传感器。但也可以考虑布置一个用于加热测量区内的传感器装置或车窗玻璃12的加热元件。如果在此中央部位布置一个光学传感器,则该传感器可以例如借助板壁形凸起隔板在光学上与测量段分隔开,以避免因日光射入而可能对雨水测量造成的干扰。但这与结构18a、18b的专门结构设计无关的。当然,也可以将结构18a、18b设计成不是如图所示的透镜状,而是呈反射镜状。也可以考虑用混合式设计,即部分输入光线的结构18a被设计成透镜状,而另一部分被设计成反射镜状。当然,这种思路也适用于输出光线的结构18b。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于汽车的雨水传感器(10),它具有至少一个在工作状态中发出光线的发射器(20)和至少一个至少局部对该发射器(20)的光线敏感的接收器(22)以及一个基本上平坦的光导体(14),该光导体可以大致平行于汽车的可润湿的车窗玻璃(12)的一个表面地被联接并且它具有输入和输出该发射器(20)的光线的输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构(18a,18b),输入光线的所述结构(18a)与输出光线的所述结构(18b)是不同的,并且输入光线的所述结构(18a)具有光线聚焦特性,其特征在于,输入光线的所述结构(18a)是球形特性,输出光线的所述结构(18b)是非球形特性,输出光线的所述结构(18b)具有一圆柱体形部分,其中,该圆柱体形部分的顶面被设计成非球形透镜。
2.如权利要求1所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,输入光线的所述结构(18a)被设计成球缺形或球冠形。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,输出光线的所述结构(18b)具有斜圆柱体形部分,通过该斜圆柱体形部分,可以平行于该斜圆柱体形部分的外表面地构成一条几何中心轴线,其中,输出光线聚焦于其中的区域在该中心轴线外。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,与该车窗玻璃(12)耦联的该光导体表面具有一个凸形凸起。
5.如权利要求1所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,设有多个输入光线的所述结构和输出光线的所述结构(18a,18b),它们分别成对布置。
6.如权利要求1或5所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,分别设有四个输入光线的所述结构和输出光线的所述结构(18a,18b),它们被布置成由这些输入光线的结构和输出光线的结构(18a,18b)的布局决定的光线行程在其在该车窗玻璃(12)上的投影面上形成一个平行四边形。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,可与该车窗玻璃(12)耦联的该光导体(14)表面至少局部地具有多组分粘合剂中的一个成分。
8.如权利要求5所述的雨水传感器(10),其特征在于,多个输入光线的所述结构和输出光线的所述结构(18a,18b)分别对应于一个发射器(20)和/或一个接收器(22)。
CNB018046274A 2000-12-06 2001-11-07 尤其是用于汽车的雨水传感器 Expired - Fee Related CN1205070C (zh)

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US6810729B2 (en) 2004-11-02
ES2244678T3 (es) 2005-12-16
EP1257444B1 (de) 2005-08-10
JP2004514918A (ja) 2004-05-20
KR20030009353A (ko) 2003-01-29
BR0108010A (pt) 2002-10-29
DE10195270D2 (de) 2003-11-06
US20030074962A1 (en) 2003-04-24
JP4473509B2 (ja) 2010-06-02
CN1398231A (zh) 2003-02-19
WO2002046006A1 (de) 2002-06-13
EP1257444A1 (de) 2002-11-20
AU2002215842A1 (en) 2002-06-18
KR100821870B1 (ko) 2008-04-16
DE10060964A1 (de) 2002-06-13

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