CN118249369A - Early warning method, system and electronic device for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of power grid in real time - Google Patents
Early warning method, system and electronic device for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of power grid in real time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an early warning method and system for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time, wherein the method comprises the steps of collecting, transmitting and preprocessing required operation data; calculating primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit; calculating a primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station; calculating a primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator; calculating the total sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network; maintaining calculation of a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value of the power grid; primary frequency modulation margin early warning and evaluation. The method can realize real-time evaluation and monitoring of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network, gives out early warning when the primary frequency modulation margin is low, and can be used for guiding operation adjustment of dispatching operators so as to improve the frequency stability of the power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power dispatching, in particular to an early warning method, system and electronic device for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time.
Background
In the current power system, along with the gradual lifting of the new energy duty ratio and the gradual withdrawal of the coal-fired unit, the rotational inertia of the power system is gradually reduced, and in order to support the high-proportion new energy grid-connected consumption, the coal-fired unit is subjected to flexibility transformation, but the primary frequency modulation capability of the coal-fired unit under the working conditions of deep peak regulation, low-pressure cylinder cutting and the like is weakened. The primary frequency modulation technology of the new energy is not mature, and the frequency modulation quantity is small. Based on the situation that the frequency modulation of the novel power system is difficult caused by the phenomena, the safe and stable operation of the novel power system is seriously influenced.
At the power supply side of the current novel power system, primary frequency modulation capacity of the coal-fired unit is generally improved by configuring energy storage, condensate water throttling and other technical improvement means. Or by developing a series of on-line monitoring and diagnosing methods and systems for primary frequency modulation, the power plant operators are assisted in monitoring the primary frequency modulation capacity of the unit, so that the primary frequency modulation process is evaluated, and a diagnosis result of capacity improvement is given. Or the primary frequency modulation monitoring method and system of the scheduling operators are developed and scheduled in a targeted mode, so that the monitoring and the assessment of the performance of a single unit by the power grid operators are facilitated, and the method is often used for recording, analyzing and assessing after the primary frequency modulation process is finished. In the daily operation process of the power system, the method can not realize the monitoring and evaluation of the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the existing power grid, especially the prior monitoring and even early warning before the primary frequency modulation accident occurs, and can not help the dispatching operation personnel to monitor and judge the primary frequency modulation spare capacity of the whole current power grid in real time so as to carry out operation adjustment in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an early warning method, an early warning system and an electronic device for monitoring the primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time, which concretely adopts the following technical scheme:
An early warning method for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time comprises the following steps:
Collecting operation data of all equipment in a power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total load of the power grid, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state of the thermal power unit and a load state of the thermal power unit;
Obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and a frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine;
calculating and obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind power unit;
Calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
comparing the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network with a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, and judging whether a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent out.
Optionally: the operation data is collected through a wide area measurement system and a data collection and monitoring control system of the dispatching mechanism, and the collected operation data is subjected to data preprocessing, wherein the data preprocessing comprises data normal range setting, data abnormal value judgment and data default value supplementation.
Optionally: the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state of the thermal power unit and the load state of the thermal power unit comprises the following steps of:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each thermal power generating unit is put into operation or not;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power generating unit is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
ΔPc,k＝0；
Wherein deltaPc, k represents primary frequency modulation margin of a kth thermal power unit in the system, and k=1..n, n is the number of the thermal power units in the whole network in the current running state;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power unit is put into operation and the thermal power unit is in a steady state operation state, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power generating unit is put into operation and the thermal power generating unit is in a variable load running state, judging whether the direction of the variable load running state is consistent with the frequency modulation direction;
When the direction of the variable load running state is consistent with the frequency modulation direction, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit;
when the direction of the variable load running state is inconsistent with the frequency modulation direction, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit; gamma is the proportional conversion coefficient
Calculating primary frequency modulation margin of a thermal power generating unit in the whole network as follows:
wherein DeltaP c is the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit in the whole network.
Optionally: the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station comprises the following steps:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each energy storage power station is put into operation or not;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the energy storage power station is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station is as follows:
ΔPes,j＝0；
Wherein Δp es,j is the primary frequency modulation margin of the jth energy storage power station, j=1..h, h is the number of energy storage power stations currently started in the whole network;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the energy storage power station is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation allowance of the energy storage power station is as follows:
ΔPes,j＝Pes,j(SOCes,j,now-SOCes,j,high)；
Wherein P es,j is the rated power of the jth energy storage power station, SOC es,j,high is the protection lower limit value of the SOC of the jth energy storage power station, and SOC es,j,now is the current SOC value of the jth energy storage power station;
Calculating a primary frequency modulation margin of an energy storage power station in the whole network as follows:
Optionally: the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine comprises the following steps:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each wind turbine generator is put into operation or not;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝0；
Wherein Δp w,i is the primary frequency modulation margin of the ith wind turbine generator in the system, i=1..m, and m is the number of wind turbine generator on the whole network at present;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator based on the kinetic energy of the rotor is as follows:
wherein J i is the mechanical moment of inertia of the wind turbine generator, omega c,i is the current rotating speed, and omega s,i is the protection rotating speed;
the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator based on overspeed load shedding is as follows:
ΔPw,2,i＝Pw,id％/(1-d％)；
wherein d% is the load shedding coefficient of the wind turbine generator;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation allowance of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝ΔPw,1,i+ΔPw,2,i；
calculating primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator in the whole network as follows:
Optionally: the step of obtaining the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin calculation of the thermal power generating unit, the energy storage power station and the wind power generating unit comprises the following steps:
acquiring primary frequency modulation margin of a thermal power unit, an energy storage power station and a wind power unit;
calculating the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network as follows:
ΔPp＝ΔPc+ΔPes+ΔPw；
Wherein ΔP p is the current primary frequency modulation margin sum of the whole network.
Optionally: the step of calculating the primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit, comprises the following steps:
T＝λPnew；
Wherein T is a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required by a power grid, lambda is a proportionality coefficient, and P new is the total internet power of the current new energy unit.
Optionally: the step of comparing the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin and the primary frequency modulation margin threshold value of the whole network and judging whether to send out a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal comprises the following steps:
when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, generating procedural warning information;
when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than the primary frequency modulation margin threshold value and is established at the past delta moment, a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent;
and when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is larger than or equal to the primary frequency modulation margin threshold, carrying out the judgment process of the next moment.
The invention also discloses an early warning system for monitoring the primary frequency modulation margin of the power grid in real time, which applies the early warning method, and comprises the following steps:
The data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring operation data of all equipment in the power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total power grid load, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
the thermal power unit frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the load state of the thermal power unit;
The energy storage power station frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
the wind turbine generator frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the rotating speed state of the wind turbine generator;
The whole-network frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the total primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine unit;
the frequency modulation margin threshold calculation module is used for calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
the frequency modulation margin evaluation early warning module is used for comparing the sum of the frequency modulation margin of the whole network with the threshold value of the frequency modulation margin and judging whether to send out a frequency modulation margin early warning signal.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer readable instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer readable instructions, where the computer readable instructions execute the early warning method as described above when executed.
Advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The early warning method provided by the invention realizes real-time quantitative characterization of the primary frequency modulation margin of each device in the power system by collecting the real-time operation data of each device in the power grid in real time, and further carries out real-time quantitative calculation on the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network. The early warning method can automatically calculate the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network and early warn according to the new energy permeability of the power network, so that the frequency stability of the whole network in daily operation is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an early warning method for monitoring a primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of signal transmission when data is collected by the WANS system and the SCADA system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention specifically discloses an early warning method for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: collecting operation data of all equipment in a power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total load of the power grid, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
it should be noted that, in this step, the operation data is collected by a wide area measurement system (WANS) and a data collection and monitoring control System (SCADA) of the dispatching mechanism, and the collected operation data is subjected to data preprocessing, where the data preprocessing includes setting a normal range of data, judging abnormal values of the data, and supplementing default values of the data.
In detail, the process of collecting the operation data in the invention can include the following steps:
(1) Collecting the total load of the power grid at the current moment and the total output of the new energy unit;
(2) Collecting data of the current moment of the thermal power unit in the power system, wherein the data comprise, for example, whether a primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power unit is put into operation, whether the thermal power unit is currently in a steady-state working condition, whether the thermal power unit is in load lifting operation, the current electric load of the thermal power unit, a flow characteristic curve of a steam turbine regulating valve, regulating stage pressure, main steam pressure and the like;
(3) Collecting data of the current moment of a wind turbine in a power system, wherein the data comprise whether a primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine is put into operation, a protection rotating speed of the wind turbine, the current rotating speed of the wind turbine, mechanical rotational inertia of the wind turbine, a load shedding level set by the wind turbine, a current wind turbine load and the like;
(4) The method comprises the steps of collecting data of the current moment of an energy storage power station in a power system, wherein the data comprise whether a primary frequency modulation function of the energy storage power station is put into operation, the current state value SOC, the lower limit protection value of the SOC, rated power of the energy storage power station and the like.
In more detail, the data preprocessing process for the collected operation data in the invention comprises the following steps:
(a) The normal range of the above operation data in the power system is set, for example, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
(B) Analyzing whether the collected operation data exceeds a normal range, and judging an abnormal value if the collected operation data exceeds the normal range;
(c) When judging that certain operation data is an abnormal value, canceling the operation data collected at this time, and supplementing the data at the current time by adopting the corresponding operation data at the previous time; and under the condition of ensuring that the supplemented operation data accords with the normal range, reserving the operation data supplemented at the current moment.
Step 2: obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state of the thermal power unit and a load state of the thermal power unit;
specifically, the process of calculating the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit in the step is as follows:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each thermal power generating unit is put into operation.
State 1:
When detecting that the primary frequency modulation function of a single thermal power generating unit is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is:
ΔPc,k＝0；
Wherein deltaPc, k represents primary frequency modulation margin of the kth thermal power unit in the system, and k=1..n, n is the number of the thermal power units in the whole network in the current running state.
State 2:
when detecting that the primary frequency modulation function of a single thermal power generating unit is put into operation and the thermal power generating unit is in a steady state operation state at the moment, the primary frequency modulation margin calculation process of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Firstly, calculating the comprehensive valve position opening of a main regulating valve of the automobile:
ut＝pm,k/ps,k；
Wherein u t is a comprehensive valve position opening instruction, p m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and p s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit;
then the current flow percentage is f k(ut according to the flow characteristic curve of the main valve of the steam turbine, and the flow percentage can be obtained based on the following steps:
wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the moment;
based on the above process, when the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power unit is put into operation and is in a steady state operation state, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit.
State 3:
When the primary frequency modulation function of the single thermal power generating unit is detected to be put into operation and the thermal power generating unit is in a variable load running state at the moment, the direction and the frequency modulation direction of the variable load running state need to be further analyzed.
When the direction of the variable load running state is consistent with the frequency modulation direction, the thermal power unit is in a load reduction state, at the moment, primary frequency modulation is required to be carried out load increase, the process is reversely locked, the influence on unit energy storage is small, and in the state, the primary frequency modulation margin calculation method of the thermal power unit is consistent with the primary frequency modulation margin calculation method when the thermal power unit is in a steady state running state, namely:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit;
When the direction of the variable load running state is inconsistent with the frequency modulation direction, the thermal power unit is indicated to be in a load lifting state, and the primary frequency modulation is required to lift the load at the moment, but because a part of energy storage in the boiler is used at the moment, the total energy storage is reduced, and the primary frequency modulation allowance of the thermal power unit in the state is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit; gamma is the scaling factor.
And finally, the primary frequency modulation margin of each thermal power generating unit in the whole network is overlapped, so that the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit in the whole network can be calculated as follows:
wherein DeltaP c is the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit in the whole network.
Step 3: obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
specifically, the calculating process for calculating the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station in the step is as follows:
firstly, judging whether a primary frequency modulation function of each energy storage power station in a power grid is put into operation or not;
when detecting that the primary frequency modulation function of a single energy storage power station is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station is:
ΔPes,j＝0；
Wherein Δp es,j is the primary frequency modulation margin of the jth energy storage power station, j=1..h, and h is the number of energy storage power stations currently started in the whole network.
When detecting that the primary frequency modulation function of a single energy storage power station is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station is:
ΔPes,j＝Pes,j(SOCes,j,now-SOCes,j,high)；
Wherein P es,j is the rated power of the jth energy storage power station, SOC es,j,high is the protection lower limit value of the SOC of the jth energy storage power station, and SOC es,j,now is the current SOC value of the jth energy storage power station.
And finally, accumulating the primary frequency modulation margin of all the energy storage power stations in the whole network, and calculating the primary frequency modulation margin brought to the energy storage power stations in the whole network as follows:
Step 4: obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and a frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine;
Specifically, the specific process for calculating the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator in the step is as follows:
firstly, judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each wind turbine generator is put into operation or not.
When detecting that the primary frequency modulation function of a single wind turbine generator is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝0；
Wherein Δp w,i is the primary frequency modulation margin of the ith wind turbine generator in the system, i=1..m, and m is the number of wind turbine generator currently on the whole network.
When detecting primary frequency modulation function operation of a single wind turbine generator, calculating according to a frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine generator:
for example, when the unit adopts a primary frequency modulation strategy combining overspeed load shedding and rotor kinetic energy control, firstly, a primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine unit based on rotor kinetic energy is calculated and calculated as follows:
wherein J i is the mechanical moment of inertia of the wind turbine generator, omega c,i is the current rotating speed, and omega s,i is the protection rotating speed;
and the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator system based on overspeed load shedding is as follows:
ΔPw,2,i＝Pw,id％/(1-d％)；
wherein d% is the load shedding coefficient of the wind turbine generator;
at this time, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝ΔPw,1,i+ΔPw,2,i。
and finally, accumulating the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole-network wind turbine, wherein the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine in the whole network can be calculated and obtained as follows:
Step 5: calculating and obtaining the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind power unit;
Specifically, in the process of calculating the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network:
Firstly, according to the steps, the primary frequency modulation margin delta P c of a thermal power unit, the primary frequency modulation margin delta P es of an energy storage power station and the primary frequency modulation margin delta P w of a wind turbine unit in the whole network can be respectively obtained;
And then, carrying out accumulated calculation on the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine unit to obtain the total primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network, wherein the total primary frequency modulation margin is as follows:
ΔPp＝ΔPc+ΔPes+ΔPw；
Wherein ΔP p is the current primary frequency modulation margin sum of the whole network.
Step 6: calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
Specifically, the primary frequency modulation margin threshold in this step is:
T＝λPnew；
Wherein T is a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required by a power grid, lambda is a proportionality coefficient, and P new is the total internet power of the current new energy unit.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the primary frequency modulation margin required by the whole network is closely related to the magnitude of the load disturbance, which is usually that the load disturbance occurs first, and then it is checked whether the current primary frequency modulation margin meets the requirement. The reason of the load disturbance is often caused by the random fluctuation of the new energy and the power grid fault, and the size of the power grid fault can not be judged, so the load disturbance in the daily operation process is caused by the random fluctuation of the new energy. I.e. in general the magnitude of the threshold value required by the grid is related to the new energy generation power.
Step 7: comparing the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network with a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, and judging whether a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent out.
Specifically, in the step, by comparing the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network with a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, whether a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent or not is judged:
when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than a primary frequency modulation margin threshold, namely delta P p < T, generating procedural warning information;
When the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than a primary frequency modulation margin threshold, namely delta P p < T, and the sum is established in the past period, a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent;
And when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is larger than or equal to the primary frequency modulation margin threshold, carrying out the judgment process of the next moment, namely repeating the steps 1-7.
Aiming at the technical blank that the full-network primary frequency modulation margin cannot be quantitatively represented currently, the invention provides a real-time quantitative representation method for the primary frequency modulation margin of various frequency modulation resources in an electric power system, thereby realizing the real-time quantitative calculation of the full-network primary frequency modulation margin, solving the technical problem that a dispatcher cannot accurately perceive the full-network primary frequency modulation margin in real time, and being beneficial to the real-time monitoring of the full-network primary frequency modulation margin by the dispatcher. According to the frequency modulation margin early warning method provided by the invention, data acquisition and interaction can be automatically carried out through the scheduling system, so that the full-network primary frequency modulation margin is automatically calculated, early warning is carried out according to the new energy permeability of the power grid, and the frequency stability of the full-network in daily operation can be effectively improved.
In addition, the invention also discloses an early warning system for monitoring the primary frequency modulation margin of the power grid in real time, the system adopts the early warning method, and the system comprises the following steps:
The data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring operation data of all equipment in the power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total power grid load, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
the thermal power unit frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the load state of the thermal power unit;
The energy storage power station frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
the wind turbine generator frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the rotating speed state of the wind turbine generator;
The whole-network frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the total primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine unit;
the frequency modulation margin threshold calculation module is used for calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
the frequency modulation margin evaluation early warning module is used for comparing the sum of the frequency modulation margin of the whole network with the threshold value of the frequency modulation margin and judging whether to send out a frequency modulation margin early warning signal.
It should be noted that, the early warning system of the present invention is actually applied to a certain grid regulation occasion, for example, as shown in fig. 2, where the occasion includes several thermal power plants, wind power plants and energy storage power stations, where AGC instructions of each device may be centralized in a wide area measurement system (WANS) and a data acquisition and monitoring control System (SCADA) of the dispatching mechanism, and an operator issues a power plant control signal through the wide area measurement system (WANS) and the data acquisition and monitoring control System (SCADA) of the dispatching mechanism. The early warning system can conveniently realize data acquisition and interaction, and control all equipment in the power grid in real time to realize operation control.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses a nonvolatile storage medium which comprises a stored program, wherein the program is used for controlling equipment where the nonvolatile storage medium is located to execute the early warning method when running.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer readable instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer readable instructions, where the computer readable instructions execute the early warning method described above when executed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable non-transitory storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An early warning method for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Collecting operation data of all equipment in a power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total load of the power grid, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state of the thermal power unit and a load state of the thermal power unit;
Obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
obtaining a primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine according to a primary frequency modulation function operation state and a frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine;
Calculating and obtaining the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind power unit;
Calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
comparing the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network with a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, and judging whether a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent out.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation data is collected by a wide area measurement system and a data collection and monitoring control system of the scheduling mechanism, and the collected operation data is subjected to data preprocessing, and the data preprocessing includes data normal range setting, data outlier judgment and data default value supplementation.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state of the thermal power unit and the load state of the thermal power unit comprises:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each thermal power generating unit is put into operation or not;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power generating unit is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
ΔPc,k＝0；
Wherein deltaPc, k represents primary frequency modulation margin of a kth thermal power unit in the system, and k=1..n, n is the number of the thermal power units in the whole network in the current running state;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power unit is put into operation and the thermal power unit is in a steady state operation state, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the thermal power generating unit is put into operation and the thermal power generating unit is in a variable load running state, judging whether the direction of the variable load running state is consistent with the frequency modulation direction;
When the direction of the variable load running state is consistent with the frequency modulation direction, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit;
when the direction of the variable load running state is inconsistent with the frequency modulation direction, the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit is as follows:
Wherein P c,k is the unit output of the kth thermal power unit at the current moment, P m,k is the regulating-stage pressure of the kth thermal power unit, P s,k is the main steam pressure of the kth thermal power unit, and f k is the flow percentage function of the main steam valve of the kth thermal power unit; gamma is the proportional conversion coefficient
Calculating primary frequency modulation margin of a thermal power generating unit in the whole network as follows:
wherein DeltaP c is the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit in the whole network.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to the primary frequency modulation function operational state and the rated power of the energy storage power station comprises:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each energy storage power station is put into operation or not;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the energy storage power station is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station is as follows:
ΔPes,j＝0；
Wherein Δp es,j is the primary frequency modulation margin of the jth energy storage power station, j=1..h, h is the number of energy storage power stations currently started in the whole network;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the energy storage power station is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation allowance of the energy storage power station is as follows:
ΔPes,j＝Pes,j(SOCes,j,now-SOCes,j,high)；
Wherein P es,j is the rated power of the jth energy storage power station, SOC es,j,high is the protection lower limit value of the SOC of the jth energy storage power station, and SOC es,j,now is the current SOC value of the jth energy storage power station;
Calculating a primary frequency modulation margin of an energy storage power station in the whole network as follows:
5. the method of claim 4, wherein the step of obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the frequency modulation strategy of the wind turbine comprises:
judging whether the primary frequency modulation function of each wind turbine generator is put into operation or not;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator is not put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝0；
Wherein Δp w,i is the primary frequency modulation margin of the ith wind turbine generator in the system, i=1..m, and m is the number of wind turbine generator on the whole network at present;
when the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator system is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator system based on the kinetic energy of the rotor is as follows:
wherein J i is the mechanical moment of inertia of the wind turbine generator, omega c,i is the current rotating speed, and omega s,i is the protection rotating speed;
the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator based on overspeed load shedding is as follows:
ΔPw,2,i＝Pw,id％/(1-d％)；
wherein d% is the load shedding coefficient of the wind turbine generator;
When the primary frequency modulation function of the wind turbine generator is put into operation, the primary frequency modulation allowance of the wind turbine generator is as follows:
ΔPw,i＝ΔPw,1,i+ΔPw,2,i；
calculating primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator in the whole network as follows:
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of calculating the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power generating unit, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine generator comprises:
acquiring primary frequency modulation margin of a thermal power unit, an energy storage power station and a wind power unit;
calculating the sum of primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network as follows:
ΔPp＝ΔPc+ΔPes+ΔPw；
Wherein ΔP p is the current primary frequency modulation margin sum of the whole network.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step of calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold required for maintaining grid stability according to the total power of the new energy unit comprises:
T＝λPnew；
Wherein T is a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value required by a power grid, lambda is a proportionality coefficient, and P new is the total internet power of the current new energy unit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein comparing the sum of the primary margin values with a primary margin threshold value for the whole network, and determining whether to send out a primary margin warning signal comprises:
when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than a primary frequency modulation margin threshold value, generating procedural warning information;
when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is smaller than the primary frequency modulation margin threshold value and is established at the past delta moment, a primary frequency modulation margin early warning signal is sent;
and when the sum of the primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network is larger than or equal to the primary frequency modulation margin threshold, carrying out the judgment process of the next moment.
9. An early warning system for monitoring primary frequency modulation margin of a power grid in real time, wherein the system applies the early warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the system comprises:
The data acquisition processing module is used for acquiring operation data of all equipment in the power grid in real time, wherein the operation data comprise total power grid load, total output of a new energy unit, operation data of a thermal power unit, operation data of a wind turbine unit and operation data of an energy storage power station;
the thermal power unit frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the load state of the thermal power unit;
The energy storage power station frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the energy storage power station according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and rated power of the energy storage power station;
the wind turbine generator frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for obtaining the primary frequency modulation margin of the wind turbine generator according to the primary frequency modulation function operation state and the rotating speed state of the wind turbine generator;
The whole-network frequency modulation margin calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the total primary frequency modulation margin of the whole network according to the primary frequency modulation margin of the thermal power unit, the energy storage power station and the wind turbine unit;
the frequency modulation margin threshold calculation module is used for calculating a primary frequency modulation margin threshold required for maintaining the stability of the power grid according to the total power of the new energy unit;
the frequency modulation margin evaluation early warning module is used for comparing the sum of the frequency modulation margin of the whole network with the threshold value of the frequency modulation margin and judging whether to send out a frequency modulation margin early warning signal.
10. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory has stored therein computer readable instructions, the processor being configured to execute the computer readable instructions, wherein the computer readable instructions, when executed, perform the pre-warning method of any one of claims 1-8.
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