CN116875891A - 一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板及其生产方法 - Google Patents
一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116875891A CN116875891A CN202310785526.4A CN202310785526A CN116875891A CN 116875891 A CN116875891 A CN 116875891A CN 202310785526 A CN202310785526 A CN 202310785526A CN 116875891 A CN116875891 A CN 116875891A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) Chemical compound [Sb+3] FAWGZAFXDJGWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板及其生产方法。所述钢板的化学成分以质量百分比计包括:C:0.08‑0.18%、Si:0.10‑0.40%、Mn:1.30‑2.50%、S:0.009‑0.022%、Al:0.020‑0.062%、Nb:0.010‑0.060%、Ti:0.020‑0.055%、V:0.035‑0.065%、Cr:0.75‑0.85%、B:0.0015‑0.0033%、Mo:0.10‑0.16%、Cu:0.25‑0.55%、Ni:0.10‑0.20%、Bi:0.010‑0.055%、Sb:0.035‑0.060%、稀土:0.030‑0.053%、Ca:0.004‑0.018%、P≤0.018%、N≤0.005%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。本发明采用以上化学成分通过冶炼、加热、轧制、冷却工艺生产的热轧钢板具有优异的力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属材料技术领域,具体涉及一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板及其生产方法。
背景技术
汽车工业、钢铁工业、石化和建筑工业是国民经济四大支柱产业,汽车工业和钢铁工业规模往往是一个国家工业发展的标志,世界主要工业发达国家都将汽车工业作为国民经济的支柱产业。同时,汽车行业是钢铁产品使用大户,钢铁产品的研发和应用与汽车产业的发展趋势密切相关。当今社会,汽车行业向低成本、高强化、绿色环保、安全性高等方向发展,对于热轧高强钢的需求日益增大。
专利CN114737136A公开了布氏硬度400HBW高强度、高韧性热连轧薄钢板生产方法,利用普通C-Mn成分体系设计添加一定量的Nb、Ti、Cr、B等元素,通过碳、锰元素的固溶强化及铌、钛元素的细晶强化并配合后续离线热处理方式提高强度,生产工序复杂,该钢板断后延伸率≥12%,不符合难成形汽车上装用钢要求,并且不具备易切削性和耐腐蚀性。
专利CN114672731A公开了布氏硬度360HBW高强度、高韧性热连轧薄钢板生产方法,利用普通C-Mn成分体系设计添加一定量的Nb、Ti、Cr、B等元素,通过碳、锰元素的固溶强化及铌、钛元素的细晶强化并配合后续离线热处理方式提高强度,生产工序复杂,该钢板断后延伸率≥14%,不符合难成形汽车上装用钢要求,并且不具备易切削性和耐腐蚀性。
专利CN111254351A公开了一种高性能热轧耐磨钢薄板及其生产方法,利用普通C-Mn成分体系设计添加一定量的Nb、Ti、Cr等元素,通过碳、锰元素的固溶强化及铌、钛元素的细晶强化和析出强化提高强度,该钢板断后延伸率≥14%,不符合难成形汽车上装用钢要求,并且不具备易切削性和耐腐蚀性。
专利CN110964985A公开了一种无钼低合金耐磨钢板及其生产方法,利用普通C-Mn成分体系设计添加一定量的Nb、Ti、Cr等元素,通过碳、锰元素的固溶强化及铌、钛元素的细晶强化和析出强化提高强度,该钢板断后延伸率伸率≥12%,不符合难成行汽车上装用钢要求,并且不具备易切削性和耐腐蚀性。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板及其生产方法,用于制造自卸车和改装车上装用钢。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明一方面提供一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,所述钢板的化学成分以质量百分比计包括:C:0.08-0.18%、Si:0.10-0.40%、Mn:1.30-2.50%、S:0.009-0.022%、Al:0.020-0.062%、Nb:0.010-0.060%、Ti:0.020-0.055%、V:0.035-0.065%、Cr:0.75-0.85%、B:0.0015-0.0033%、Mo:0.10-0.16%、Cu:0.25-0.55%、Ni:0.10-0.20%、Bi:0.010-0.055%、Sb:0.035-0.060%、稀土:0.030-0.053%、Ca:0.004-0.018%、P≤0.018%、N≤0.005%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述稀土为La+Ce。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,按体积百分比计,所述钢板的最终组织由10%-15%铁素体、55-65%贝氏体和25%-35%马氏体构成。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述钢板的屈服强度≥850MPa、抗拉强度为1030-1230MPa,横向伸长率A50≥26%,布氏硬度HBW在304-364。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,所述钢板凸度控制精度为±40μm,平直度控制在18I以内,厚度控制精度为±40μm,成品厚度为2.0-10.0mm。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,厚度为6.0-10.0mm的成品钢板的-40℃冲击功≥70J。
本发明一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板化学成分的主要作用为:
C:碳主要是形成所需数量的贝氏体、马氏体和保证钢材的强度,也是钢中最主要的固溶强化元素,碳元素的提高,有利于增加钢的淬透性,本发明中碳的含量为0.08-0.18%。
Si:硅是固溶强化元素,可以通过固溶强化作用提高钢板的强度。同时还具有提高钢板的淬透性作用,也有利于促进奥氏体向铁素体转变,并促进碳向未转变的奥氏体中富集,从而提高奥氏体稳定性,本发明中硅的含量为0.10-0.40%。
Mn:锰在钢中可以形成置换固溶体,起到较强的固溶强化作用,使屈服强度和抗拉强度线性增加,该元素含量在一定的范围内增加钢强度的同时几乎不降低钢的塑性和韧性,也是奥氏体稳定化元素,同时也可以提高钢的淬透性,并起细化铁素体晶粒的作用,可显著推迟珠光体转变。但锰含量过高,可使钢的碳当量增加,并且会在冶炼及热轧过程中恶化钢板组织均匀性,易于使组织中出现严重的带状组织缺陷。因此,锰的含量为1.30-2.50%。
P:磷可以提高α相的形成温度,扩大形成α相的温度范围,推迟渗碳体生成,增加奥氏体稳定性;同时磷使马氏体岛的形态发生显著变化,使马氏体岛尺寸变细小,且均匀分布。但磷含量过多,会使钢板的加工性恶化,为了得到较高的延伸率,因此磷的含量为≤0.018%。
S:硫在钢中可形成MnS等硫化物夹杂,这类夹杂物能中断基体金属的连续性,在切削时促使断屑形成小而短的卷曲半径,而易于排除,减少刀具磨损,降低加工表面粗糙度,提高刀具寿命,实现易切削。通常钢的被切削性随钢中硫含量的增多而增高。但钢中硫含量过高时,会导致热脆性,对钢的热加工造成困难,恶化钢的力学性能。因此,本发明控制硫的含量为0.009-0.022%。
Al:Al是钢中常用的脱氧剂,在冶炼过程中起到脱氧定氮作用,并能有效提高钢板抗氧化性能,钢中加入一定量的Al,可以形成AlN析出,起到一定的细化晶粒作用,因此,本发明中Al的含量为0.020-0.062%。
Nb:铌在钢中主要起细晶强化、析出强化等作用。在高温时,铌以固溶状态存在于奥氏体中,能够抑制奥氏体晶粒长大及热变形过程中静态和动态再结晶,并提高再结晶终止温度,可使终轧温度提高;同时,铌的碳氮化物析出也可延迟再结晶,阻止奥氏体晶粒长大,具有明显细晶强化和析出强化效果,能够有效降低钢板带状组织等级,提高冲击性能,因此,本发明中Nb的含量为0.010-0.060%。
Ti:钛能够有效地延迟变形奥氏体的再结晶、阻止奥氏体晶粒长大、提高奥氏体再结晶温度,细化晶粒,同时改善钢的强度和韧性,而且,Ti是强碳、氮化物形成元素,能够与碳、氮结合形成稳定细小的碳、氮化物,起到显著的析出强化作用,也可以抑制BN析出,避免因B析出导致的强度降低。因此本发明钛的含量为0.020-0.055%。
V:钒具有显著的析出强化和细晶强化的作用,钒的作用主要通过与碳、氮形成析出物来实现,尤其与氮形成的VN析出能够很大程度提高钢板的强度,且可以抑制BN析出,避免因B析出导致的强度降低。除此以外,V的加入还可与H结合,提高钢板抗延迟断裂能力,本发明中V的含量为0.035-0.065%。
Cr:是碳化物形成元素,可推迟珠光体转变,提高钢的淬透性。从而有利于马氏体组织的形成,并细化组织,起到强化效果。铬含量过高,会使材料的加工、成型性变差。含铬量的选择原则是促进马氏体的形成,因此本发明中铬的含量为0.75-0.85%。
B:硼元素能显著提高钢的淬透性,有利于马氏体组织的形成,当B含量高于0.0033%,过剩的B与钢中的N形成B的化合物,降低钢板的性能,因此本发明硼含量范围为0.0015-0.0033%。
Mo:钼是碳化物形成元素,能够提高钢板强度和韧性,Mo能够显著提高奥氏体稳定性,增加钢材淬透性,有利于马氏体组织的形成,因此本发明的Mo含量的选择在0.10-0.16%。
Cu:铜元素还可以扩大奥氏体相区,提高钢的耐候性,提高钢的可焊性,也可以有效的提高钢的耐腐蚀能力,但Cu含量高时,引起热脆,恶化钢板表面性能,此外,在一定Cu含量下,有利于钢板的强度和热加工性,有效降低钢板的热轧边裂倾向,显著改善了钢板的表面质量。Cu还具有降低加工硬化的作用,提高钢板的塑性。因此本发明的铜含量的选择在0.25-0.55%
Ni:镍元素对钢的焊接热影响区硬化性及韧性没有不良影响,同时能够提高钢的耐腐蚀性和淬透性,有利于马氏体组织的形成,因此,在本发明钢种中将Ni含量选择在0.10-0.20%。
Bi:铋元素在钢中主要分布在晶界和晶粒内部,起到提高钢板强度,减小碳、氧等元素在晶界上扩散的速率,减少脱碳和氧化现象,提高钢板表面和力学性能。因此本发明将Bi含量限定在0.010-0.055%。
Sb:锑元素在钢中主要分布在晶界和晶粒内部,起到提高钢板强度,减小碳、氧等元素在晶界上扩散的速率,减少脱碳和氧化现象,提高钢板表面和力学性能,并且锑的加入会促使钢板基体表面形成一层均匀致密的氧化膜(富含Sb、Cu、Cr等元素),可以有效地阻止空气水分、氧继续进入基体构成腐蚀内环境,提高基体耐腐蚀性,增强钢板的耐腐蚀能力。Sb含量过低,使钝化膜分散不均匀,达不到整体抗腐蚀效果;超过设计上限时,起到了防腐效果,但是显著降低热加工性能,因此本发明将Sb含量限定在0.035-0.060%。
稀土(La+Ce):稀土(La+Ce)具有强的脱氧、脱硫能力,形成的球状硫化物或硫氧化物取代了长条状硫化锰夹杂,可提高钢板的塑性和各向异性,稀土能够提高钢板的疲劳性能,改善钢板的焊接性能,同时提高钢板的冷成形性能,稀土与钢中其它杂质元素具有强的亲和力,可降低钢中的硫、氧、磷、氢等元素含量,消除其有害作用。因此本发明中稀土(La+Ce)含量为0.030-0.053%。
Ca:钙可改变钢种硫化物(MnS)的形态,防止形成长条形的MnS夹杂物,提高钢板的塑性、韧性和疲劳性能。因此本发明将Ca含量控制在0.004-0.018%。
N:氮在本发明中属于杂质元素,其含量越小越好,对于含B钢,N的含量越低越好,但过低会导致生产困难,增加成本,因此本发明中N含量≤0.005%。
本发明另一方面提供一种上述1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板的生产方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)冶炼:采用RH+LF工艺,控制H≤0.0002%,O≤0.0015%,在精炼工序进行钙处理,保证w(Ca)/w(Al)=0.09-0.14,连铸过程中投入电磁搅拌和轻压下技术,铸坯拉速≤1.1m/min;
(2)加热:连铸坯下线后直接热送热装到加热炉内加热,加热温度1310-1350℃,保温时间166-192min,炉膛压力在动态中始终控制在微正压状态,正压力值控制在3-15Pa,以降低氧化烧损;适当的加热温度和合适的保温时间使板坯中合金元素完全固溶、板坯成分均匀,并起到控制原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸等作用;
(3)轧制:粗轧出口温度为1115-1180℃,中间坯进行精轧前采用保温罩保温,减轻中间坯在延迟辊道上的温降和头尾及板宽方向的温差,精轧为7机架连续轧制,精轧前高压水除鳞,精轧入口温度不高于1115℃,终轧温度为780-850℃;
(4)冷却:终轧后采用层流冷却+超快冷的冷却模式,层流冷却速率为10-15℃/s,冷却至640-730℃后进行超快速冷却,冷却速率≥120℃/s,将钢板冷却至330-600℃后卷取;层流冷却至640-730℃目的是使铁素体快速的析出,在抑制晶粒长大同时,还使铁素体的含量得到了保证,从而使得铁素体晶粒细化,超快速冷却至330-600℃目的是以大于珠光体转变临界冷却速度冷却到贝氏体和马氏体区卷取,避开珠光体形成区,在抑制晶粒长大同时,还使贝氏体和马氏体的含量得到了保证,从而使得贝氏体和马氏体晶粒细化,卷取后缓冷,缓冷温度为100-150℃,保温30-60min,取出钢卷,空冷至室温。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,步骤(1)中,制得的连铸坯的厚度为160-240mm,宽度为1510-1850mm。
上述技术方案中,进一步地,步骤(3)中,粗轧采用3+3模式的轧制工艺,即R1采用3道次轧制,R2采用3道次轧制;
所述中间坯厚度为45-68mm,宽度为1510-1850mm;
上述技术方案中,进一步地,步骤(4)中,钢板卷取后进入带加热的缓冷罩中进行缓冷。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明钢板化学成分S在钢中可形成MnS等硫化物夹杂,这类夹杂物能中断基体金属的连续性,在切削时促使断屑形成小而短的卷曲半径,而易于排除,减少刀具磨损,降低加工表面粗糙度,提高刀具寿命,实现易切削;Cu可以提高钢的耐候性和可焊性,也可以有效的提高钢的耐腐蚀能力,在一定Cu含量下,有利于钢板的强度和热加工性,有效降低钢板的热轧边裂倾向,显著改善了钢板的表面质量,Cu还具有降低加工硬化的作用,提高钢板的塑性;Ni的加入能够提高钢的耐腐蚀性和淬透性;Bi元素在钢中主要分布在晶界和晶粒内部,起到提高钢板强度,减小碳、氧等元素在晶界上扩散的速率,减少脱碳和氧化现象,提高钢板表面和力学性能;Sb的加入会促使钢板基体表面形成一层均匀致密的氧化膜(富含Sb、Cu、Cr等元素),可以有效地阻止空气水分、氧继续进入基体构成腐蚀内环境,提高基体耐腐蚀性,增强钢板的耐腐蚀能力;
2、本发明的热轧钢板具有优异的力学性能,屈服强度≥850MPa、抗拉强度在1030-1230MPa,横向伸长率A50≥26%,布氏硬度HBW在304-364,-40℃冲击功≥70J,最终组织为10%-15%铁素体、55%-65%贝氏体和25%-35%马氏体。
具体实施方式
通过实施例对本发明进行更详细的描述,这些实施例仅仅是对本发明最佳实施方式的描述,并不对本发明的范围有任何的限制。
实施例1-6
实施例1-6提供的汽车上装用热轧钢板的化学成分如表1所示。
表1本发明实施例1-6钢板的化学成分(wt,%)
一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)冶炼:采用RH+LF工艺,控制H≤0.0002%,O≤0.0015%,在精炼工序进行钙处理,保证w(Ca)/w(Al)=0.09-0.14,连铸过程中投入电磁搅拌和轻压下技术,铸坯拉速≤1.1m/min;
(2)加热:将(160-240)mm厚×(1510-1850)mm宽的连铸坯直接热送热装到步进式加热炉内加热,加热温度1310-1350℃,保温时间166-192min,炉膛压力在动态中始终控制在微正压状态,正压力值控制在3-15Pa,降低氧化烧损;
(3)轧制:粗轧采用3+3模式的轧制工艺,(R1采用3道次轧制,R2采用3道次轧制)共6道次轧制,粗轧出口温度为1115-1180℃,中间坯厚度45-68mm,宽度1510-1850mm,中间坯进精轧机组前采用保温罩保温,减轻中间坯在延迟辊道上的温降和头尾及板宽方向的温差,精轧为7机架连续轧制,精轧前高压水除鳞,精轧入口温度不高于1115℃,终轧温度为780-850℃;
(4)冷却:终轧后采用层流冷却+超快冷的冷却模式,层流冷却速率为10-15℃/s,冷却至640-730℃后进行超快速冷却,冷却速率≥120℃/s,将钢板冷却至330-600℃后卷取,卷取后立即进入带加热的缓冷罩中,缓冷罩温度为150℃,保温30-60min,取出钢卷,空冷至室温。
本发明实施例1-6的钢板轧制和冷却工艺参数如表2所示。
表2本发明实施例1-6的钢板轧制和冷却工艺参数
本发明实施例1-6的钢板的力学性能参数和组织体积百分比如表3-4所示。
表3本发明实施例1-6的钢板的力学性能参数
表4本发明实施例1-6的钢板的组织体积百分比
以上实施例仅仅是本发明的优选施例,并非对于实施方式的限定。本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板的化学成分以质量百分比计包括:C:0.08-0.18%、Si:0.10-0.40%、Mn:1.30-2.50%、S:0.009-0.022%、Al:0.020-0.062%、Nb:0.010-0.060%、Ti:0.020-0.055%、V:0.035-0.065%、Cr:0.75-0.85%、B:0.0015-0.0033%、Mo:0.10-0.16%、Cu:0.25-0.55%、Ni:0.10-0.20%、Bi:0.010-0.055%、Sb:0.035-0.060%、稀土:0.030-0.053%、Ca:0.004-0.018%、P≤0.018%、N≤0.005%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,所述稀土为La+Ce。
3.根据权利要求1所述的1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,按体积百分比计,所述钢板的最终组织由10%-15%铁素体、55-65%贝氏体和25%-35%马氏体构成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板的屈服强度≥850MPa、抗拉强度为1030-1230MPa,横向伸长率A50≥26%,布氏硬度HBW在304-364。
5.根据权利要求1所述的1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板凸度控制精度为±40μm,平直度控制在18I以内,厚度控制精度为±40μm,成品厚度为2.0-10.0mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板,其特征在于,厚度为6.0-10.0mm的成品钢板的-40℃冲击功≥70J。
7.一种权利要求1-6任一项所述1000MPa级汽车上装用热轧钢板的生产方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)冶炼:采用RH+LF工艺,控制H≤0.0002%,O≤0.0015%,在精炼工序进行钙处理,保证w(Ca)/w(Al)=0.09-0.14,连铸过程中投入电磁搅拌和轻压下技术,铸坯拉速≤1.1m/min;
(2)加热:连铸坯下线后直接热送热装到加热炉内加热,加热温度1310-1350℃,保温时间166-192min;
(3)轧制:粗轧出口温度为1115-1180℃,中间坯进行精轧前采用保温罩保温,精轧前高压水除鳞,精轧入口温度不高于1115℃,终轧温度为780-850℃;
(4)冷却:终轧后采用层流冷却+超快冷的冷却模式,层流冷却速率为10-15℃/s,冷却至640-730℃后进行超快速冷却,冷却速率≥120℃/s,将钢板冷却至330-600℃后卷取,卷取后缓冷温度为100-150℃,保温30-60min,取出钢卷,空冷至室温。
8.根据权利要求7所述的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,制得的连铸坯的厚度为160-240mm,宽度为1510-1850mm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,粗轧采用3+3模式的轧制工艺,即R1采用3道次轧制,R2采用3道次轧制;
所述中间坯厚度为45-68mm,宽度为1510-1850mm。
10.根据权利要求7所述的生产方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,钢板卷取后进入带加热的缓冷罩中进行缓冷。
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