CN116690311A - Numerical control machining center structure and spindle vibration detection method - Google Patents
Numerical control machining center structure and spindle vibration detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116690311A CN116690311A CN202310902971.4A CN202310902971A CN116690311A CN 116690311 A CN116690311 A CN 116690311A CN 202310902971 A CN202310902971 A CN 202310902971A CN 116690311 A CN116690311 A CN 116690311A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0971—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring mechanical vibrations of parts of the machine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a numerical control machining center structure and a spindle vibration detection method, wherein the numerical control machining center structure comprises a base, a cross sliding table, a workbench, an upright post, a spindle seat and a spindle; the cross sliding table and the upright post are arranged on the base, the workbench is arranged on the cross sliding table, the spindle seat is arranged on the upright post in a vertically sliding manner, and the spindle is arranged on the spindle seat; the system also comprises a measuring plate, a distance measuring device and a data analysis system; the measuring plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the base, the distance measuring device is arranged on the spindle seat or the spindle and is used for continuously measuring the distance between the distance measuring plates, and the data analysis system is in communication connection with the distance measuring device and is used for recording and analyzing data detected by the distance measuring device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a numerical control machining center structure and a spindle vibration detection method.
Background
A numerical control machining center is a machine tool for machining, and generally has a vertical machining center, a horizontal machining center, and a complex machining center. The vertical machining center comprises a base, a workbench, an upright post, a main shaft, an inverted warehouse and other structures. The vertical machining center commonly used in the market at present comprises a movable column type machining center and a vertical machining center with a cross workbench structure, and the upright posts of the vertical machining center are integrated with the base. For example, a vertical column structure in a vertical machining center optical machine disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 218461485U. The upright in this patent document is fixedly mounted to the base.
In the center for machining the fixed center of the center column, the rigidity of the column is increased, and further, the rigidity of the spindle can be increased, so that a workpiece having a high rigidity or a large cutting amount can be machined. However, during cutting, the reaction force of the workpiece is reacted to the spindle by the cutting tool, so that problems of tool vibration and spindle vibration occur during machining. The larger the reaction force applied to the spindle, the larger the vibration amplitude of the spindle, and in the processing process, the phenomenon that an operator listens to cutting sounds to judge whether to vibrate the cutter or not is usually caused, and the phenomenon that the operator cannot accurately judge whether to vibrate the cutter or not is caused, particularly in full-automatic equipment, the phenomenon that the cutter is not perceived. In this case, the machining precision of the workpiece is low, and the spindle of the machine tool is easily damaged, resulting in a reduction in the precision of the spindle of the machine tool, which reduces the service life of the machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a numerical control machining center structure and a spindle vibration detection method, which solve the problem that the vibration of a cutter and a spindle cannot be perceived in the cutting process of the existing machining center.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the numerical control machining center structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a base, a cross sliding table, a workbench, an upright post, a main shaft seat and a main shaft; the cross sliding table and the upright post are arranged on the base, the workbench is arranged on the cross sliding table, the spindle seat is arranged on the upright post in a vertically sliding manner, and the spindle is arranged on the spindle seat; the system also comprises a measuring plate, a distance measuring device and a data analysis system; the measuring plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the base, the distance measuring device is arranged on the spindle seat or the spindle and is used for continuously measuring the distance between the distance measuring plates, and the data analysis system is in communication connection with the distance measuring device and is used for recording and analyzing data detected by the distance measuring device.
Further, the range unit is arranged at the lower end of the main shaft and is close to the installation position of the cutter handle.
Further, the distance measuring device is a distance measuring sensor embedded in the main shaft, the bottom end of the measuring plate is fixedly connected with the base, and the upper end of the measuring plate is not lower than the highest point of the main shaft.
The technical scheme or schemes in the numerical control machining center structure provided by the embodiment of the invention at least have the following technical effects: the workpiece to be machined is positioned on the workbench, and the workpiece is driven to move by the cross sliding table, so that the workpiece can be machined by a cutter on the spindle, in the machining process, a distance measuring device continuously transmits a detected signal to the measuring plate, so that the change of the distance between the spindle and the measuring plate can be continuously detected, data are recorded and analyzed by the data analysis system, the detected data can be displayed to a worker in an image mode, when the two data change greatly, the machining parameters can be timely adjusted, the problem that the cutter and the spindle vibrate too much can be effectively avoided, the machining precision is ensured, and a good protection effect can be achieved on the machine tool.
A main shaft vibration detection method comprises a numerical control machining center structure, wherein a workpiece is positioned on a workbench, the workbench is driven to translate by a cross sliding table, and a cutter of a main shaft cuts the workpiece on the workbench; in the processing process, the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the measuring plates, the distance measuring device obtains detection data and feeds the detection data back to the data analysis system, and the data analysis system analyzes the detected data and forms a wave diagram.
Further, the cutting tools on the spindle are replaced, and when different tools cut and process the same material, the distance measuring device measures the distance between the distance measuring plates when detecting the cutting and processing of the different tools.
Further, in the case of cutting processing of the same tool, the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the distance measuring plates by continuously adjusting the rotational speed of the spindle, and/or the cutting feed parameter of the tool, and/or the product of the cutting depth of the tool.
Further, in the cutting process, when the distance measuring device detects that the distance fluctuation between the distance measuring device and the measuring plate is large, the control system of the machining center adjusts the rotating shaft of the spindle, the moving speed of the workbench and/or the cutting depth of the cutter.
Further, in the cutting process, when the distance measuring device detects that the distance between the distance measuring device and the measuring plate does not change for a long time, the control system of the machining center controls the machining center to stop.
The above technical solutions in the spindle vibration detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects: in the processing process, the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the measuring plates, the distance measuring device obtains detection data and feeds the detection data back to the data analysis system, the data analysis system analyzes the detected data and forms a fluctuation diagram, the fluctuation diagram can be used for analyzing the vibration condition in the processing process, and the staff can adjust the processing parameters of the machine tool through the analyzed data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a numerical control machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spindle vibration detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a set of data parameter graphs in the spindle vibration detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present invention and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either permanently connected, removably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a numerical control machining center structure, which includes a base 100, a cross sliding table 200, a workbench 300, a column 400, a spindle base 500, a spindle 600, a measuring plate 700, a ranging device 800, and a data analysis system. The cross slide 200 and the column 400 are fixedly installed on the base 100. The cross slide 200 has a movable base translatable along the X-axis and the Y-axis, and the table 300 is disposed on the movable base of the cross slide 200. The spindle base 500 is provided on the column 400 so as to slide up and down, and the spindle 600 is provided on the spindle base 500. The measuring plate 700 is fixedly arranged at one side of the base 100, the distance measuring device 800 is arranged on the spindle seat 500 or the spindle 600, and is used for continuously measuring the distance between the distance measuring plates 700, and the data analysis system is in communication connection with the distance measuring device 800 and is used for recording and analyzing the data detected by the distance measuring device 800.
The workpiece to be machined is positioned on the workbench 300, and the workpiece is driven to move by the cross sliding table 200, so that the workpiece can be machined by a cutter on the spindle 600, in the machining process, the distance measuring device 800 continuously transmits a detected signal to the measuring plate 700, so that the change of the distance between the spindle 600 and the measuring plate 700 can be continuously detected, the data are recorded and analyzed by the data analysis system, the detected data can be displayed to a worker in the form of an image, when the change of the data of the spindle 600 and the spindle 600 is large, the machining parameters can be timely adjusted, the problem that the cutter and the spindle 600 vibrate too much can be effectively avoided, the cutting machining precision is ensured, and the machine tool can be well protected.
Further, the distance measuring device 800 is provided at the lower end of the spindle 600 and near the mounting position of the tool shank. The distance measuring device 800 is arranged at the lower end of the spindle 600, so that the detection effect of the distance measuring device 800 can be improved, and the actual condition of the spindle 600 vibration can be accurately shown.
Further, the distance measuring device 800 is a distance measuring sensor embedded in the spindle 600, the bottom end of the measuring plate 700 is fixedly connected with the base 100, and the upper end of the measuring plate 700 is not lower than the highest moving point of the spindle 600. In this embodiment, the distance measuring device 800 can still continuously detect the distance from the measuring plate 700 when the spindle 600 changes its position at a more processed height.
In the spindle vibration detection method of the machining center in the above-described embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a workpiece is positioned on the table 300, the table 300 is driven to translate by the cross slide 200, and a tool of the spindle 600 cuts the workpiece on the table 300. During processing, the distance measuring device 800 continuously measures the distance between the measuring plates 700, and the distance measuring device 800 obtains detection data and feeds back to a data analysis system, which analyzes the detected data and forms a wave pattern (see fig. 3).
Further, when the cutting tools on the spindle 600 are replaced and different tools cut the same material, the distance measuring device 800 measures the distance between the distance measuring plates 700 when the distance measuring device 800 detects the cutting of the different tools. In this embodiment, workpieces of the same material may be machined by replacing different tools, and vibration conditions of the tools and the spindle may be detected during cutting machining of the different tools, so that a worker may instruct cutting machining of the workpieces using a reasonable tool in the following process according to the detected data.
Still further, in the case of the same tool cutting process, the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the distance measuring plates by continuously adjusting the rotational speed of the spindle, and/or the cutting feed parameter of the tool, and/or the product of the cutting depth of the tool. In the embodiment, the optimal parameter selection of the same tool in the cutting process can be analyzed by changing the processing parameters, so that the service life of the tool can be prolonged, and the processing precision and the service life of a machine tool can be prolonged.
Further, when the distance measuring device 800 detects that the distance from the measuring plate 700 fluctuates greatly during the cutting process, the control system of the machining center adjusts the rotation shaft of the spindle 600, the speed at which the table 300 moves, and/or the cutting depth of the tool.
Further, during the cutting process, the control system of the machining center controls the machining center to stop when the distance from the measuring plate 700 is detected by the distance measuring device 800 without any change for a long time. In the present embodiment, when the distance measuring device 800 detects that there is no change in the distance from the measuring plate 700 for a long time, it can determine that the cutting blade is broken, and thus automatically listen to the stop.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A numerical control machining center structure comprises a base, a cross sliding table, a workbench, an upright post, a main shaft seat and a main shaft; the cross sliding table and the upright post are fixedly arranged on the base, the workbench is arranged on the cross sliding table, the main shaft seat is arranged on the upright post in a vertically sliding manner, and the main shaft is arranged on the main shaft seat; the device is characterized by also comprising a measuring plate, a distance measuring device and a data analysis system; the measuring plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the base, the distance measuring device is arranged on the spindle seat or the spindle and is used for continuously measuring the distance between the measuring plates, and the data analysis system is in communication connection with the distance measuring device and is used for recording and analyzing data detected by the distance measuring device.
2. The numerically controlled machining center structure according to claim 1, wherein: the distance measuring device is arranged at the lower end of the main shaft and is close to the installation position of the cutter handle.
3. The numerically controlled machining center structure according to claim 1, wherein: the distance measuring device is a distance measuring sensor embedded in the main shaft, the bottom end of the measuring plate is fixedly connected with the base, and the upper end of the measuring plate is not lower than the highest point of the main shaft.
4. A spindle vibration detection method, which is characterized by comprising the numerical control machining center structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a workpiece is positioned on the workbench, the workbench is driven to translate by the cross sliding table, and a tool of the spindle cuts and machines the workpiece on the workbench; during processing, the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the measuring plates, obtains detection data and feeds the detection data back to the data analysis system, and the data analysis system analyzes the detected data and forms a fluctuation map.
5. The spindle vibration detection method according to claim 4, wherein: and replacing cutting tools on the spindle, and cutting and processing the same material by different tools, wherein when the distance measuring device detects the cutting and processing of the different tools, the distance measuring device measures the distance between the distance measuring devices and the measuring plates.
6. The spindle vibration detection method according to claim 4, wherein: in the case of cutting processing of the same tool, the rotating speed of the main shaft, and/or the cutting feeding parameters of the tool, and/or the cutting depth of the tool are/is continuously adjusted, and the distance measuring device continuously measures the distance between the distance measuring device and the measuring plate.
7. The spindle vibration detection method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: in the cutting process, when the distance measuring device detects that the distance fluctuation between the distance measuring device and the measuring plate is large, a control system of the machining center adjusts the rotating shaft of the main shaft, the moving speed of the workbench and/or the cutting depth of the cutter.
8. The spindle vibration detection method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: in the cutting process, when the distance measuring device detects that the distance between the distance measuring device and the measuring plate does not change any for a long time, the control system of the machining center controls the machining center to stop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310902971.4A CN116690311A (en) | 2023-07-21 | 2023-07-21 | Numerical control machining center structure and spindle vibration detection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310902971.4A CN116690311A (en) | 2023-07-21 | 2023-07-21 | Numerical control machining center structure and spindle vibration detection method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116690311A true CN116690311A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310902971.4A Pending CN116690311A (en) | 2023-07-21 | 2023-07-21 | Numerical control machining center structure and spindle vibration detection method |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN116690311A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-21 CN CN202310902971.4A patent/CN116690311A/en active Pending
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