CN116341237A - Wading building water blocking analysis method and system - Google Patents
Wading building water blocking analysis method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wading building water blocking analysis method and system, and relates to the technical field of river channel flood discharge; comprising the following steps: determining the number of wading buildings; determining the main flow direction of water flow; optionally selecting a wading building, determining the projection width of the selected wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow according to the main flow direction of the water flow, obtaining the average water depth in the projection width according to the projection width, and obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width according to the projection width; obtaining the flow of a flood discharge section; calculating the water blocking rate of the wading buildings in all flood-passing sections through a formula; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the influence degree of the building on the river flood discharge capacity is objectively evaluated by calculating the water blocking rate of the wading building, the construction density of the wading building is reasonably controlled, the engineering water blocking influence is lightened, and meanwhile, the accuracy of the resistance of the wading building when the mathematical model or the physical model is used for researching the river flood discharge is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river flood discharge, in particular to a water blocking analysis method and system for a wading building.
Background
The river flood discharge capacity refers to the capacity of the river to discharge flood flow when the water level is guaranteed. Flood control is to let flood flow. Along with the rapid growth of economy, the development and utilization degree of river shorelines are higher and higher, wading buildings such as various bridges, wharfs, water taking and draining projects and the like are built on a large scale, and the density is higher and higher. The construction of wading building occupies the original cross section of river course, because the interference effect of wading building, the resistance that needs to overcome its application when rivers pass through the building to influence the original overflow ability of river course, cause the influence to the flood control safety of river course.
Therefore, how to provide a wading building water blocking analysis method and system, to reasonably control the construction density of the wading building, and to alleviate the engineering water blocking influence is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a wading building water-blocking analysis method and system, which reasonably control the construction density of the wading building by calculating the water-blocking rate of the wading building, lighten the engineering water-blocking influence, and further objectively evaluate the influence degree of the building on the river flood-passing capacity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a wading building water blocking analysis method comprising:
step 1, determining the number n of wading buildings;
step 2, determining the main flow direction of the water flow;
step 3, optionally selecting a wading building, determining a projection width b of the selected wading building projected to a flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow according to the main flow direction of the water flow, obtaining an average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width, and obtaining an average flow velocity v in the projection width according to the projection width;
step 4, repeating the step 3 until all information about the wading building is obtained;
step 5, obtaining the flow Q of the flood discharge section; and passes through the formula:
and calculating the water blocking rate a of the wading building in all flood-passing sections.
Preferably, the determining the main flow direction of the water flow includes: and acquiring water flow data, extracting the water flow state and the water flow direction in the water flow data, and determining the main water flow direction according to the water flow state and the water flow direction.
Preferably, the obtaining the average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width includes: measuring and averaging at different positions by adopting an echo sounding instrument to obtain an average water depth h; the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a record display device; the power supply supplies power to the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording and display device; the electric pulse generated by the exciter is converted into ultrasonic wave by the transducer and transmitted to the water bottom, and the ultrasonic wave is received by the transducer and converted into electric pulse after being reflected back from the water bottom; and then amplified and converted by the amplifier and transmitted to the recording and displaying equipment.
Preferably, the time from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the sound wave by the transducer after the reflection of the sound wave from the water bottom is t, the recording and displaying device is driven by the sounding pulse signal and the receiving pulse signal to record, and the propagation speed v of the sound wave in the water is determined s Automatically converted into the water depth
And displayed in digital or image form by the recording display device.
Preferably, the average flow velocity v is measured by a velocimeter, and the specific process includes:
1) Determining the number of speed measuring vertical lines to be laid according to the projection width b of the selected wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
2) Measuring the distance from the first speed measurement vertical line to the starting point from one side of the projection width b as the starting point, and making a vertical line mark;
3) Determining the position of each perpendicular to the speed measurement, installing the velocimeter, and measuring the average flow velocity v at each perpendicular to the speed measurement m 。
A wading building water-blocking analysis system, comprising:
the projection construction module is used for collecting water flow data, determining a main water flow direction, and determining the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main water flow direction according to the main water flow direction;
the depth measuring module is used for obtaining the average water depth in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
the flow velocity module is used for obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
the section flow calculating module is used for calculating the flow of the flood discharge section according to the sum of projection widths of the various wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow and the water depth and the flow velocity of the flood discharge section;
and the result analysis and determination module is used for determining the water blocking rate of the wading buildings in the flood discharge section according to the projection width, the average water depth, the average flow velocity, the number of the wading buildings and the flow of the flood discharge section of the selected wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow.
Preferably, in the projection construction module, a water flow state and a water flow direction in the water flow data are extracted, and a main water flow direction is determined according to the water flow state and the water flow direction.
Preferably, the sounding module comprises an echo sounding instrument, and the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a record display device; the power supply supplies power to the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording and display device; the exciter sends a pulse to the transducer, and the transducer converts the pulse into ultrasonic waves and receives reflected signals; the transducer transmits the reflected signals to the amplifier, the amplifier is electrically connected with the recording display equipment, and the recording display equipment is used for calculating and displaying the water depth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a wading building water blocking analysis method and system, comprising the following steps: determining the number of wading buildings; determining the main flow direction of water flow; optionally selecting a wading building, determining the projection width of the selected wading building projected to a flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow according to the main flow direction of the water flow, obtaining the average water depth in the projection width according to the projection width, and obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width according to the projection width; obtaining the flow of a flood discharge section; calculating the water blocking rate of the wading buildings in all flood-passing sections through a formula; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the influence degree of the building on the river flood discharge capacity is objectively evaluated by calculating the water blocking rate of the wading building, the construction density of the wading building is reasonably controlled, the engineering water blocking influence is lightened, and meanwhile, the accuracy of the resistance of the wading building when the mathematical model or the physical model is used for researching the river flood discharge is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a water-blocking analysis method for a wading building provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a wading building water-blocking analysis system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a wading building water blocking analysis method, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining the number n of wading buildings;
the wading building is a hydraulic building such as various gates, dams, embankments, sea ponds and the like which are constructed for intercepting water flow, raising water level, regulating water storage quantity or blocking river water flooding and seawater invasion, and can adapt to the requirements of the height and the flow rate of flood; the slope protection and water retaining wall are arranged around the building, and a certain water retaining area is provided for preventing flood from passing through the foundation. The wading building can be constructed by concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, wood, rubber and the like, and can also be constructed by filling soil materials or building stones for piling; the main forms are gravity type and arch type.
Step 2, determining the main flow direction of the water flow;
specifically, determining the main flow direction of the water flow includes: and collecting water flow data, and extracting the water flow state and the water flow direction in the water flow data. The flow state of water flow is various movement forms of water flow, and can be divided into main flow and auxiliary flow. The water body in the river has a part of water flowing along the total direction of the axis of the river channel, and the laminar flow line of the surface flow basically moves in parallel, so that the main flow direction of the river is determined, the part of water flow is called the main flow, and the main flow is generated under the action of gravity; in addition to the main stream, various streams rotating around a vertical axis, a horizontal axis, an inclined axis, or the like, which are large in scale, wide in range, and strong in force, are collectively called secondary streams. According to the method, the main flow direction of the water flow is determined according to the flow state and the main flow direction of the water flow, the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow is obtained according to the main flow direction of the water flow, and the calculation accuracy of the water blocking rate of the wading building in the flood discharge section of the river channel is improved.
Step 3, selecting a wading building, determining the projection width b of the selected wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow according to the main flow direction of the water flow, obtaining the average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width, and obtaining the average flow velocity v in the projection width according to the projection width;
specifically, obtaining the average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width includes: measuring and averaging at different positions by adopting an echo sounding instrument to obtain an average water depth h; the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a record display device; the power supply supplies power for the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording display equipment; the electric pulse generated by the exciter is converted into ultrasonic wave by the transducer and transmitted to the water bottom, and the ultrasonic wave is received by the transducer and converted into electric pulse after being reflected back from the water bottom; and then amplified and converted by an amplifier and transmitted to a recording and displaying device. Wherein, because the bubbles in the water can prevent and absorb ultrasonic waves, in order to avoid the interference of the bubbles, the transducer is fixed at a position which is about 1/3-1/2 of the ship's bow and is immersed in the water surface for about 0.5 m. At this point, the draft of the transducer is added to the measured water depth.
The time from the emission of ultrasonic wave to the receiving of sound wave after being reflected by the water bottom by the transducer is t, the sound-emitting pulse signal and the sound-receiving pulse signal push the recording and displaying device to record, and the sound wave is recorded according to the propagation velocity v of the sound wave in the water s Automatically converted into the water depth
And displayed in digital or image form by a recording display device.
Working principle of echo sounding instrument: developed based on the echo ranging principle. The transmitting transducer transmits sound pulses downwards from the sea surface, propagates downwards in the water, reflects when encountering submarine media with different densities, and receives the reflected sound pulses by the receiving transducer at the sea surface. According to the time of the sound pulse reciprocating in the sea water and the sound velocity of the sound pulse in the sea water, the linear distance from the transducer to the sea bottom, namely the water depth, can be calculated.
In one embodiment of the invention, different positions of e are selected in the projection width, the water depths of the different positions are measured respectively, and finally the average water depth in the projection width is obtained
Wherein v is s Representing the propagation velocity of sound waves in water, t e Representing the time from the emission of the ultrasonic wave at e to the reception of the acoustic wave by the transducer after reflection from the water bottom.
The echo sounding instrument can be used for rapidly and accurately measuring the continuous data of the water depth, and the measurement accuracy and the operation efficiency are improved.
The average flow velocity v is measured by a velocimeter, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
1) According to the projection width b of the selected wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow, determining the number m of the speed measuring vertical lines to be laid;
2) Measuring the distance from the first perpendicular to the starting point from one side of the projection width b, and making a perpendicular mark;
3) Determining the position of each perpendicular to the speed measurement, installing a velocimeter, and measuring the average flow velocity v at each perpendicular to the speed measurement m . According to the average flow velocity v at each perpendicular line m Obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width
In one embodiment of the invention, the velocimeter is an LS25-1 propeller type flow velocity meter, and has the advantages of small volume, light and handy shape, compact and precise structure and convenient carrying and use; when water flows to the blades in the flow velocity meter, the blades generate rotary motion, and the faster the water flows, the faster the blades rotate; the number of revolutions of the blade is calculated by a counter device which converts the contact mechanism of the device into an electric pulse signal and transmits the electric pulse signal to the water surface part through a wire, and the average flow velocity is obtained according to a formula by measuring the number of revolutions generated when the blade of the flow meter is fluctuated by water flow in a predetermined time
Wherein N is the total revolution of the blade, T is the corresponding speed measurement duration, K is the hydraulic pitch, and C is the instrument constant.
Step 4, repeating the step 3 until all information about the wading building is obtained;
step 5, obtaining the flow Q of the flood discharge section; and passes through the formula:
and calculating the water blocking rate a of the wading building in all flood-passing sections.
According to the invention, the partial flow weighting method is adopted to calculate the water blocking rate of the building in the river flood section, the considered factors are few, the calculation process of the water blocking rate of the building in the river flood section can be greatly simplified, meanwhile, the calculated water blocking rate is high in accuracy, and the accuracy of the resistance of the wading building when the mathematical model or the physical model is used for researching river flood can be improved; the influence of the building involved in the river on the water flow is truly reflected, and the influence degree of the building on the river flood discharge capacity is conveniently and objectively evaluated.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a wading building water-blocking analysis system, as shown in FIG. 2, comprises:
the projection construction module is used for collecting water flow data, determining the main flow direction of water flow, and determining the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of water flow according to the main flow direction of water flow;
specifically, in the projection construction module, the water flow state and the water flow direction in the water flow data are extracted, and the main water flow direction is determined according to the water flow state and the water flow direction.
The depth measuring module is used for obtaining the average water depth in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
specifically, the sounding module comprises an echo sounding instrument, and the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a recording display device; the power supply supplies power for the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording display equipment; the exciter sends a pulse to the transducer, and the transducer converts the pulse into ultrasonic waves and receives the reflected signals; the transducer transmits the reflected signals to the amplifier, the amplifier is electrically connected with the recording and displaying device, and the recording and displaying device is used for calculating and displaying the water depth.
The flow velocity module is used for obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
specifically, the flow velocity module comprises a velocimeter, and the velocimeter adopts an LS25-1 propeller type velocimeter, and has the advantages of small volume, light and handy shape, compact and precise structure, and convenient carrying and use.
The section flow calculating module is used for calculating the flow of the flood discharge section according to the sum of projection widths of the various wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow and the water depth and the flow velocity of the flood discharge section;
the result analysis and determination module is used for determining the water blocking rate of the wading buildings in the flood discharge section according to the projection width, the average water depth, the average flow velocity, the number of the wading buildings and the flow of the flood discharge section of the selected wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for analyzing water blocking of a wading building, comprising:
step 1, determining the number n of wading buildings;
step 2, determining the main flow direction of the water flow;
step 3, optionally selecting a wading building, determining a projection width b of the selected wading building projected to a flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow according to the main flow direction of the water flow, obtaining an average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width, and obtaining an average flow velocity v in the projection width according to the projection width;
step 4, repeating the step 3 until all information about the wading building is obtained;
step 5, obtaining the flow Q of the flood discharge section; and passes through the formula:
calculate allAnd the water blocking rate a of the wading building in the flood section.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the determining the main flow direction of the water flow comprises: and acquiring water flow data, extracting the water flow state and the water flow direction in the water flow data, and determining the main water flow direction according to the water flow state and the water flow direction.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the obtaining the average water depth h in the projection width according to the projection width comprises: measuring and averaging at different positions by adopting an echo sounding instrument to obtain an average water depth h; the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a record display device; the power supply supplies power to the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording and display device; the electric pulse generated by the exciter is converted into ultrasonic wave by the transducer and transmitted to the water bottom, and the ultrasonic wave is received by the transducer and converted into electric pulse after being reflected back from the water bottom; and then amplified and converted by the amplifier and transmitted to the recording and displaying equipment.
4. A wading building water-blocking analysis method according to claim 3, wherein the time from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the sound wave by the transducer after the reflection of the sound wave from the water bottom is t, the recording and displaying device is pushed by the sounding pulse signal and the receiving pulse signal to record, and the propagation velocity v of the sound wave in the water is determined s Automatically converted into the water depth
And displayed in digital or image form by the recording display device.
5. The method for analyzing water blocking of a wading building according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the average flow velocity v is measured by a velocimeter, and the specific process includes:
1) Determining the number of speed measuring vertical lines to be laid according to the projection width b of the selected wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
2) Measuring the distance from the first speed measurement vertical line to the starting point from one side of the projection width b as the starting point, and making a vertical line mark;
3) Determining the position of each perpendicular to the speed measurement, installing the velocimeter, and measuring the average flow velocity v at each perpendicular to the speed measurement m 。
6. A wading building water-blocking analysis system, comprising:
the projection construction module is used for collecting water flow data, determining a main water flow direction, and determining the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main water flow direction according to the main water flow direction;
the depth measuring module is used for obtaining the average water depth in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
the flow velocity module is used for obtaining the average flow velocity in the projection width according to the projection width of the wading building projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow;
the section flow calculating module is used for calculating the flow of the flood discharge section according to the sum of projection widths of the various wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow and the water depth and the flow velocity of the flood discharge section;
and the result analysis and determination module is used for determining the water blocking rate of the wading buildings in the flood discharge section according to the projection width, the average water depth, the average flow velocity, the number of the wading buildings and the flow of the flood discharge section of the selected wading buildings projected to the flood discharge section along the main flow direction of the water flow.
7. The method for analyzing water resistance of a wading building according to claim 6, wherein the projection construction module extracts a water flow state and a water flow direction in the water flow data, and determines a main water flow direction according to the water flow state and the water flow direction.
8. The method for analyzing water resistance of a wading building according to claim 6, wherein the sounding module comprises an echo sounding instrument, and the echo sounding instrument comprises a power supply, an exciter, a transducer, an amplifier and a recording display device; the power supply supplies power to the exciter, the transducer, the amplifier and the recording and display device; the exciter sends a pulse to the transducer, and the transducer converts the pulse into ultrasonic waves and receives reflected signals; the transducer transmits the reflected signals to the amplifier, the amplifier is electrically connected with the recording display equipment, and the recording display equipment is used for calculating and displaying the water depth.
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