CN116138257B - 一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物。一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物，其有效成分由香菇多糖与杀虫环复配而成；所述香菇多糖与杀虫环的质量比为1‑7：4‑1。本发明杀线虫组合物中的香菇多糖与杀虫环复配后对南方根结线虫的防治均表现为增效作用，与单一有效成分相比，可以有效提高对芋头根结线虫病的防治效果，可为研究开发防治芋头根结线虫病的复配剂提供支持。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物。
背景技术
植物线虫病是世界农业生产中重要的病害种类，其中由根结线虫造成的损失占50％以上。根结线虫寄主广泛，能够侵染3000多种植物，包含大部分农作物，一般可造成作物减产10-20％，严重时达75％以上。据报道，90％以上的植物根结线虫病是由南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)和爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogynejavanica)等4种线虫引起。根结线虫主要存在于5-30cm深度的土壤中，通过侵入创口和形成瘤状的根结破坏植物根系结构，吸收营养物质，影响植物正常代谢活动，并引起其他病原菌的符合侵染，造成植物长势减弱甚至死亡，从而使农作物减产甚至绝收。
在芋头的种植过程中也会受到根结线虫的侵害，影响芋头的产量和质量。目前化学药剂是芋田根结线虫病害防治的主要手段，化学药剂具有速效、稳定和成本较低等优点。由于根结线虫抗药性的积累，常规用量下单一化学药剂的药效有效，因此，研究开发新型复配剂防治根结线虫病很有必要。
香菇多糖(Lentinan)是从优质香菇子实体中提取的有效活性成分，是一种免疫增强剂。临床与药理研究表明，香菇多糖具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、调节免疫功能和刺激干扰素形成等作用。申请号CN201510172220.7，公开了一种杀线虫抗病组合物及其应用，并具体公开了氟烯线砜和香菇多糖复配在80：1-1：80的配比范围内对黄瓜根结线虫联合毒力测定的共毒系数CTC均大于120，具有增效作用。
发明人通过室内试验发现，将香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环复配时对根结线虫的防治表现出增效作用。
目前还未见有香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环复配的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物，其两种有效成分进行复配时对根结线虫的防治表现出增效作用，可以提高对根结线虫的防治效果，有效防治芋头根结线虫病，可为研究开发防治根结线虫的复配剂提供支持。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物，其有效成分由香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环复配而成；其中，所述香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环的质量比为1-100：100-1。
作为优选，所述香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯的质量比为1-60：27-1。
作为优选，所述香菇多糖与氟啶虫胺腈的质量比为1：30-5。
作为优选，所述香菇多糖与杀虫环的质量比为1-7：4-1。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明杀线虫组合物中的香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环复配后对南方根结线虫的防治均表现为增效作用，与单一有效成分相比，可以有效提高对芋头根结线虫病的防治效果，可为研究开发防治芋头根结线虫病的复配剂提供支持。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例，可以更好地理解本发明，实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例：香菇多糖复配的室内生物活性试验
1.试验对象：南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)
2.供试药剂
96％香菇多糖原药(上海源叶生物科技有限公司)
95％丁氟螨酯原药(上海源叶生物科技有限公司)
99％氟啶虫胺腈原药(江苏益恒药业有限公司)
90％杀虫环原药(黑龙江吉翔农化有限公司)
将原药先用二甲基亚砜溶解配制成单剂母液，再用0.1％吐温-80的水溶液稀释，设置多组配比，各单剂及每组配比混剂均按等比方法设置7个梯度质量浓度，每个质量浓度药液50mL，备用。
3.试验方法：(参考《NT/Y 1833.1-2009农药室内生物测定试验准则杀线虫剂第1部分抑制植物病原线虫试验浸虫法》)
从芋头根部挑取根结线虫的卵，清水清洗后置于培养皿的湿滤纸上，25℃下孵化，获得龄期一致的二龄幼虫。用水将培养好的根结线虫洗脱，过滤，1000r/min下离心2min，弃上清液，加水，再离心，最后用水将根结线虫重悬浮至400头/mL，备用。用移液管从低浓度到高浓度，依次吸取药液3mL分别加入试管中，然后吸取制备好的等量线虫悬浮液加入试管内，使药液与线虫悬浮液等量混合均匀。用移液器移一定体积的上述混合液于24孔生化测试板的小孔内，加盖，于25℃恒温培养24h。每个处理4次重复，以含有二甲基亚砜和0.1％吐温-80水溶液的处理为对照。从各处理中取1mL混合液在解剖镜下观测线虫死亡情况，每重复观测线虫数不少于100头，记录调查的总线虫数和死亡线虫数。其中线虫死亡的判定标准为：线虫僵直，用发丝针或竹丝针触碰仍不能弯曲运动。根据调查数据，计算各处理的死亡率和校正死亡率。
上式中：P--死亡率，单位为％；K--死亡虫数；N--处理总虫数。
上式中：P1--校正死亡率，单位为％；Pt--处理死亡率，单位为％；P0--对照死亡率，单位为％。
4.数据分析：用DPS软件对各处理药剂浓度对数值和各处理的校正死亡率几率值进行回归分析，计算各处理药剂的LC50，并根据孙云沛法计算混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)。
上式中：ATI--混剂实测的毒力指数；S--标准药剂的LC50，单位为mg/L；M--供试药剂的LC50，单位为mg/L。
TTI＝TIA×PA+TIB×PB
上式中：TTI--混剂的理论毒理指数；TIA--A药剂的毒力指数；PA--A药剂在混剂中百分含量，单位为百分率(％)；TIB--B药剂的毒力指数；PB--B药剂在混剂中百分含量，单位为百分率(％)。
上式中：CTC--共毒系数；ATI--混剂实测毒力指数；TTI--混剂理论毒力指数。
5.药效评价
根据计算的共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂的增效作用，CTC≤80为拮抗作用，80＜CTC＜120为相加作用，CTC≥120为增效作用，结果见表1-3。
表1香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯复配对南方根结线虫的毒力测定结果
| 药剂 | 质量比 | LC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 香菇多糖 | -- | 63.23 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 丁氟螨酯 | -- | 7.59 | 833.07 | -- | -- |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 1：27 | 6.25 | 1011.68 | 806.89 | 125.38 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 1：15 | 4.41 | 1433.79 | 787.25 | 182.13 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 1：7 | 3.87 | 1633.85 | 741.44 | 220.36 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 1：5 | 6.59 | 959.48 | 710.89 | 134.97 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 1：1 | 9.01 | 701.78 | 466.53 | 150.42 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 5：1 | 10.82 | 584.38 | 222.18 | 263.02 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 7：1 | 13.83 | 457.19 | 191.63 | 238.58 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 15：1 | 24.74 | 255.58 | 145.82 | 175.27 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 30：1 | 27.17 | 232.72 | 123.65 | 188.21 |
| 香菇多糖：丁氟螨酯 | 60：1 | 42.70 | 148.08 | 112.02 | 132.19 |
从表1可以看出，在1-60：27-1的质量比范围内，香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯复配后对南方根结线虫的共毒系数大于120，表现为增效作用。
表2香菇多糖与氟啶虫胺腈复配对南方根结线虫的毒力测定结果
| 药剂 | 质量比 | LC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 香菇多糖 | -- | 63.23 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 氟啶虫胺腈 | -- | 6.62 | 955.14 | -- | -- |
| 香菇多糖：氟啶虫胺腈 | 1：30 | 3.01 | 2100.66 | 927.55 | 226.47 |
| 香菇多糖：氟啶虫胺腈 | 1：15 | 5.56 | 1137.23 | 901.69 | 126.12 |
| 香菇多糖：氟啶虫胺腈 | 1：7 | 2.65 | 2386.04 | 848.24 | 281.29 |
| 香菇多糖：氟啶虫胺腈 | 1：5 | 4.83 | 1309.11 | 812.61 | 161.10 |
从表2可以看出，在1：30-5的质量比范围内，香菇多糖与氟啶虫胺腈复配后对南方根结线虫的共毒系数大于120，表现为增效作用。
表3香菇多糖与杀虫环复配对南方根结线虫的毒力测定结果
| 药剂 | 质量比 | LC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 香菇多糖 | -- | 63.23 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 杀虫环 | -- | 18.92 | 334.20 | -- | -- |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 1：4 | 16.53 | 382.52 | 287.36 | 133.12 |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 1：2 | 13.80 | 458.19 | 256.13 | 178.89 |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 1：1 | 21.93 | 288.33 | 217.10 | 132.81 |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 3：1 | 15.34 | 412.19 | 158.55 | 259.98 |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 5：1 | 22.72 | 278.30 | 139.03 | 200.17 |
| 香菇多糖：杀虫环 | 7：1 | 14.58 | 433.68 | 129.27 | 335.47 |
从表3可以看出，在1-7：4-1的质量比范围内，香菇多糖与杀虫环复配后对南方根结线虫的共毒系数大于120，表现为增效作用。
综上所述，本发明的香菇多糖与丁氟螨酯、氟啶虫胺腈或杀虫环复配后对南方根结线虫的生物活性均表现为增效作用，与单一有效成分相比，可以有效提高对芋头根结线虫病的防治效果。
上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，对于本领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，可以做适当的改进，这些改进也在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种防治芋头根结线虫病且含香菇多糖的杀线虫组合物，其特征在于，其有效成分由香菇多糖与杀虫环复配而成；所述香菇多糖与杀虫环的质量比为1-7：4-1。
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