CN115758680A - Permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioning system linkage regulation and control method and system - Google Patents
Permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioning system linkage regulation and control method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于空调控制技术领域，具体涉及一种永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法及***。The invention belongs to the technical field of air-conditioning control, and in particular relates to a linkage control method and system for a permanent-magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and a central air-conditioning system.
背景技术Background technique
随着对零碳建筑建设的重视程度与日俱增，现如今建筑内空调设备普及，使办公、生活环境更加舒适的同时也消耗了大量能源，建筑能源的运行消耗主要来自与空调、照明、工作等设备，空调运行能耗占比50％以上，降低建筑内的空调能耗是实现零碳建筑目标的关键。With the increasing emphasis on zero-carbon building construction, air-conditioning equipment in buildings is now popular, which makes the office and living environment more comfortable and consumes a lot of energy. The energy consumption of buildings mainly comes from equipment such as air-conditioning, lighting, and work. , air-conditioning operation energy consumption accounts for more than 50%, reducing the energy consumption of air-conditioning in buildings is the key to achieving the goal of zero-carbon buildings.
现阶段永磁直驱低速大风扇的电机整机额定功率在0.1-0.35kW之间，功率密度对比同转速电机提高30％，对比同类型传统风扇节能约50％，对比空调将节能约90％。电机体积约为常规的三分之一，结构简单，耗电量仅为传统电机的四分之一。永磁直驱低速大风扇相较于空调虽然具有风力自然舒适度高和耗电量低的优点，但在温度较高天气条件下无法消除人的不适感。针对中央空调和永磁直驱低速大风扇的各自特点，提出了中央空调和永磁直驱低速大风扇联动的调控方式，以此来降低建筑能耗，并且能够提升用户舒适度，减少污染物净化室内空气的作用。但现有研究中大多是对风扇和空调联动时的能耗进行分析或是针对联动时室内的风力场和热适应性进行仿真模拟，但对于两者联动控制方法的设计研究是欠缺的。At this stage, the rated power of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan motor is between 0.1-0.35kW, and the power density is 30% higher than that of the motor with the same speed. . The volume of the motor is about one-third of the conventional motor, the structure is simple, and the power consumption is only one-fourth of the traditional motor. Compared with air conditioners, permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fans have the advantages of high natural wind comfort and low power consumption, but they cannot eliminate human discomfort under high temperature weather conditions. According to the respective characteristics of the central air conditioner and the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan, a linkage control method of the central air conditioner and the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan is proposed to reduce building energy consumption, improve user comfort, and reduce pollutants The effect of purifying indoor air. However, most of the existing research focuses on the analysis of energy consumption when the fan and air conditioner are linked or simulates the indoor wind field and thermal adaptability when they are linked, but there is a lack of design research on the linkage control method of the two.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对上述现有技术中的问题，提供一种永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法及***，实现室内空气和温度的综合智能管理，降低建筑能源消耗。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provide a method and system for linkage control of a permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and a central air-conditioning system, so as to realize comprehensive intelligent management of indoor air and temperature, and reduce building energy consumption.
为了实现上述目的，本发明有如下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical solutions:
一种永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法，包括以下步骤：A permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and a central air-conditioning system linkage control method, comprising the following steps:
获取室内外的环境参数并根据设定时间间隔进行环境参数的周期性更新，依照所监测室内外环境参数制定永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控策略，所述的环境参数包括室内外温度、室内外湿度、室内外PM2.5指数和室外风速中的至少一种；Obtain indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and periodically update the environmental parameters according to the set time interval, and formulate a linkage control strategy for the permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system according to the monitored indoor and outdoor environmental parameters. The environmental parameters include indoor At least one of outdoor temperature, indoor and outdoor humidity, indoor and outdoor PM2.5 index and outdoor wind speed;
对永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控，联动调控方法包括多种控制状态和档位等级，并采用分温区调控方式，其中每个温区至多使用一种控制状态；For the linkage control of the permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system, the linkage control method includes multiple control states and gear levels, and adopts the temperature zone control method, wherein each temperature zone uses at most one control state;
基于环境参数运用智能算法协调人体舒适度与能耗完成温区计算、设备调控等级、档位选择和控制状态确定，在保证室内人体舒适度需求的情况下耗能最少的最优控制。Based on environmental parameters, intelligent algorithms are used to coordinate human comfort and energy consumption to complete temperature zone calculation, equipment regulation level, gear selection and control state determination, and optimal control with the least energy consumption while ensuring indoor human comfort requirements.
优选的，所述永磁直驱低速大风扇采用低速大扭矩永磁同步电机进行驱动，风扇的扇体与电机采用直连式一体化连接结构，风扇的底座内嵌于墙体采用高强螺栓加固；Preferably, the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan is driven by a low-speed high-torque permanent magnet synchronous motor, the fan body and the motor adopt a direct-connected integrated connection structure, and the fan base is embedded in the wall and reinforced with high-strength bolts ;
所述永磁直驱低速大风扇采用扇叶形状和倾斜角度的耦合设计，设备运行时风扇的扇叶前后两侧产生压差泵入室外新风，实现通风换气；The permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan adopts the coupling design of the blade shape and the inclination angle. When the equipment is running, the pressure difference between the front and rear sides of the fan blade is generated to pump outdoor fresh air to realize ventilation;
所述永磁直驱低速大风扇具有多个档位等级供运行设置，且使用长扇叶低转速运行模式，并采用变速前馈控制，近距离搅散螺旋气团。The permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan has multiple gear levels for operation settings, and uses a long blade low-speed operation mode, and adopts variable speed feedforward control to disperse the spiral air mass at a close distance.
优选的，所述温区计算、设备调控等级、档位选择和控制状态确定的步骤包括：Preferably, the steps of temperature zone calculation, equipment regulation level, gear selection and control state determination include:
控制状态表征为通风换气状态、制冷状态和制热状态三种，设备根据不同环境参数进入对应控制状态，且各控制状态化分区间调控，所述区间依据所采集环境参数和舒适度能耗协调优化模型计算获得；The control state is characterized by three types: ventilation state, cooling state and heating state. The equipment enters the corresponding control state according to different environmental parameters, and each control state is regulated in intervals. The intervals are based on the collected environmental parameters and comfort energy consumption. Obtained by coordination optimization model calculation;
室内PM2.5指数超过给定阈值且室外PM2.5指数在参考范围内，永磁直驱低速大风扇***进入通风换气状态；通风换气状态结束或PM2.5指数不满足通风换气状态要求，进行室内温度判断，超过给定参数范围进入制冷状态；低于给定参数范围进入制热状态。When the indoor PM2.5 index exceeds the given threshold and the outdoor PM2.5 index is within the reference range, the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan system enters the ventilation state; the ventilation state ends or the PM2.5 index does not meet the ventilation state It is required to judge the indoor temperature, and enter the cooling state if it exceeds the given parameter range; enter the heating state if it is lower than the given parameter range.
优选的，所述通风换气状态下的分区设置包括：Preferably, the partition settings in the ventilation state include:
确定通风换气状态分区的区间数量与区间边界值，每一区间范围设置至少大于设备监测精度的10倍；Determine the interval number and interval boundary value of the ventilation status partition, and the range setting of each interval is at least 10 times greater than the monitoring accuracy of the equipment;
耦合监测数据设置对应区间的设备控制参数，所述设备控制参数包括：永磁直驱低速大风扇档位和工作时间。The coupling monitoring data sets the equipment control parameters of the corresponding interval, and the equipment control parameters include: permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear and working time.
优选的，所述制冷状态下的分区设置包括：Preferably, the partition settings in the refrigeration state include:
确定制冷状态分区的区间数量与区间边界值，每一区间范围设置至少大于设备监测精度的10倍；Determine the interval number and interval boundary value of the cooling state partition, and the range setting of each interval is at least 10 times greater than the equipment monitoring accuracy;
耦合监测数据设置对应分区的设备控制参数，所述控制参数包括：永磁直驱低速大风扇档位、中央空调设置温度、风力等级和出风方向，以实际中央空调设备可控参数为准。Coupling monitoring data sets the equipment control parameters of the corresponding partitions. The control parameters include: permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear, central air-conditioning setting temperature, wind force level and air outlet direction. The controllable parameters of the actual central air-conditioning equipment shall prevail.
优选的，所述运用智能算法协调人体舒适度与能耗完成温区计算、设备调控等级、档位选择和控制状态确定的步骤包括：Preferably, the step of using an intelligent algorithm to coordinate human comfort and energy consumption to complete temperature zone calculation, equipment regulation level, gear selection and control state determination includes:
通过基于BP神经网络的温湿度预测模型对下一时刻的室外温度、湿度进行预测；Predict the outdoor temperature and humidity at the next moment through the temperature and humidity prediction model based on BP neural network;
运用基于遗传算法的舒适度能耗协调优化模型选择永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动节能控制策略。The coordinated optimization model of comfort and energy consumption based on genetic algorithm is used to select the linkage energy-saving control strategy of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system.
优选的，所述基于BP神经网络的温湿度预测模型按如下方式建立：Preferably, the temperature and humidity prediction model based on BP neural network is established as follows:
将收集到的环境参数提取部分作为训练样本集，对样本数据进行归一化处理；The collected environmental parameter extraction part is used as a training sample set, and the sample data is normalized;
将归一化数据导入模型，进行网络训练，得到权值参数；Import the normalized data into the model, perform network training, and obtain weight parameters;
利用预测检验样本对训练后的模型进行检验，验证预测准确后导入工作。Use the prediction test sample to test the trained model, and import the work after verifying that the prediction is accurate.
优选的，所述基于遗传算法的舒适度能耗协调优化模型按如下方式建立：Preferably, the genetic algorithm-based coordinated optimization model of comfort and energy consumption is established as follows:
将收集到的环境参数、预测参数、建筑室内参数和中央空调、永磁直驱低速大风扇功率曲线作为先决条件；The collected environmental parameters, forecast parameters, building indoor parameters and central air-conditioning, permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan power curves are taken as prerequisites;
将人体舒适度和用电量作为约束条件，利用遗传算法建立多目标优化模型，得出最优联动节能控制策略，控制策略包括中央空调的风力等级、出风方向和温度设置，风扇的档位和运行时间。Taking human comfort and power consumption as constraints, the genetic algorithm is used to establish a multi-objective optimization model, and the optimal linkage energy-saving control strategy is obtained. The control strategy includes the wind power level, air outlet direction and temperature setting of the central air conditioner, and the gear position of the fan. and runtime.
一种实现所述永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法的***，包括数据获取模块、数据传输模块、控制器模块，控制平台模块和终端设备，数据获取模块包括温湿度传感器、PM2.5传感器和风速传感器，数据传输模块包括网关、通讯方式、路由器，控制器模块包括风扇控制器、中央空调控制器；A system for realizing the linkage control method of the permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system, including a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a controller module, a control platform module and terminal equipment, and the data acquisition module includes temperature and humidity sensors, PM2.5 sensor and wind speed sensor, data transmission module includes gateway, communication mode, router, controller module includes fan controller, central air-conditioning controller;
数据获取模块，用于获取室内外的环境参数并根据设定时间间隔进行环境参数的周期性更新，环境参数包括室内外温度、室内外湿度、室内外PM2.5指数和室外风速中的至少一种；The data acquisition module is used to obtain indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and periodically update the environmental parameters according to the set time interval. The environmental parameters include at least one of indoor and outdoor temperature, indoor and outdoor humidity, indoor and outdoor PM2.5 index and outdoor wind speed. kind;
控制平台模块，用于依照所监测室内外环境参数制定永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控策略；对永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控，联动调控方法包括多种控制状态和档位等级，并采用分温区调控方式，其中每个温区至多使用一种控制状态；用于基于环境参数运用智能算法协调人体舒适度与能耗完成温区计算、设备调控等级、档位选择和控制状态确定，在保证室内人体舒适度需求的情况下耗能最少的最优控制。The control platform module is used to formulate the linkage control strategy of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and the central air conditioning system according to the monitored indoor and outdoor environmental parameters; for the linkage control of the permanent magnet direct drive low speed large fan and the central air conditioning system, the linkage control methods include various Control state and gear level, and adopt the temperature zone regulation method, in which each temperature zone uses at most one control state; it is used to use intelligent algorithms to coordinate human comfort and energy consumption based on environmental parameters to complete temperature zone calculation and equipment control level , Gear selection and control state determination, optimal control with the least energy consumption while ensuring indoor human comfort requirements.
优选的，所述数据传输模块采取近距离通信技术，通信方式需根据具体场景与设备适配性选择；控制平台模块通过java语言编入控制策略，利用设备数据计算处理能力，将所上传的监测数据导入预测和优化模型进行分析计算，完成对终端设备的控制；设计终端设备的可视化界面和控制界面，可视化界面用于展示监测的实时室内外环境参数和***设备工作状态，控制界面实现控制功能，包括手动调控和自动调控。Preferably, the data transmission module adopts short-distance communication technology, and the communication method needs to be selected according to the specific scene and the adaptability of the equipment; the control platform module is programmed into the control strategy through the java language, and uses the equipment data calculation and processing capabilities to upload the monitoring Data import prediction and optimization model for analysis and calculation, complete the control of the terminal equipment; design the visual interface and control interface of the terminal equipment, the visual interface is used to display the monitored real-time indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and the working status of the system equipment, and the control interface realizes the control function , including manual regulation and automatic regulation.
相较于现有技术，本发明至少具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
本发明方法结合了永磁直驱低速大风扇能耗低和空调降温能力强的优势实行联动控制，在保证舒适度的同时，最大限度节省耗能，降低了建筑能源消耗，改善温室响效应。本发明方法能够快速对室内空气进行净化，完成室内通风换气，降低室内污染物浓度；本发明方法利用永磁直驱低速大风扇可提升空调设置温度，从而达到预防空调病发生的作用；本发明方法，根据检测数据设置控制模式，控制结构简单，控制设备少，可靠性高，易实现。The method of the invention combines the advantages of low energy consumption of the permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and the strong cooling capacity of the air conditioner to implement linkage control. While ensuring comfort, the method saves energy consumption to the greatest extent, reduces building energy consumption, and improves the sound effect of the greenhouse. The method of the present invention can quickly purify the indoor air, complete indoor ventilation, and reduce the concentration of indoor pollutants; the method of the present invention can increase the setting temperature of the air conditioner by using the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the occurrence of air conditioner diseases; In the inventive method, the control mode is set according to the detection data, the control structure is simple, the control equipment is small, the reliability is high, and it is easy to realize.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明提供的永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法具体流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the linkage control method of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法与传统空调、永磁直驱低速大风扇控制方法能耗对比图；Fig. 2 is a comparison diagram of energy consumption between the linkage control method of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning system provided by the present invention and the traditional air conditioner and the control method of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan;
图3是本发明提供的基于BP神经网络的温湿度预测模型结构图；Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the temperature and humidity prediction model based on BP neural network provided by the present invention;
图4是本发明提供的遗传算法的流程图；Fig. 4 is the flowchart of the genetic algorithm provided by the present invention;
图5是本发明提供的永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动控制***模块结构图。Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioner linkage control system provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention , but not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、***、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, but not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.
如图1所示，本发明实施例的一种永磁直驱低速大风扇与中央空调***联动调控方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, a method for linkage control of a permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and a central air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤1：传感器监测室内、室外实时参数，并将监测结果通过网关传输到控制平台；Step 1: The sensor monitors indoor and outdoor real-time parameters, and transmits the monitoring results to the control platform through the gateway;
步骤2：控制平台首先对室内PM2.5指数进行判别，判断设备是否进入通风换气状态；Step 2: The control platform first judges the indoor PM2.5 index to determine whether the equipment enters the ventilation state;
步骤3：若判别结果为否或设备已完成通风换气操作，则进一步对室内外温度进行判别；Step 3: If the judgment result is no or the equipment has completed the ventilation operation, then further judge the indoor and outdoor temperatures;
步骤4：将判别结果传输给各设备控制器，控制器下达命令完成对终端设备的控制及状态切换。Step 4: Transmit the judgment result to each device controller, and the controller issues a command to complete the control and state switching of the terminal device.
在步骤2中首先进行PM2.5指数判别，具体判别条件及设备工作状态，包括如下情况：In step 2, the PM2.5 index is first judged, and the specific judgment conditions and equipment working status include the following situations:
情况1：若室内PM2.5指数大于数值x，进入通风换气状态，控制器控制大风扇工作于第一级档位状态，工作时间为预设时间t；Situation 1: If the indoor PM2.5 index is greater than the value x, enter the ventilation state, the controller controls the large fan to work in the first gear state, and the working time is the preset time t;
情况2：若室内PM2.5指数大于数值y，进入通风换气状态，控制器控制大风扇工作于第二级档位状态，工作时间为预设时间t；Situation 2: If the indoor PM2.5 index is greater than the value y, it enters the ventilation state, and the controller controls the large fan to work in the second gear state, and the working time is the preset time t;
情况3：若室内PM2.5指数大于数值z，进入通风换气状态，控制器控制大风扇工作于第二级档位状态，工作时间为预设时间t1，依照室内PM2.5指数线性增加工作时间t1，t1计算公式为：Situation 3: If the indoor PM2.5 index is greater than the value z, enter the ventilation state, the controller controls the large fan to work in the second gear state, the working time is the preset time t 1 , and linearly increases according to the indoor PM2.5 index Working time t 1 , the calculation formula of t 1 is:
t1＝kMPM2.5 t 1 =kM PM2.5
式中，k为增长系数，MPM2.5为PM2.5指数；In the formula, k is the growth coefficient, and M PM2.5 is the PM2.5 index;
在步骤3中室内PM2.5指数低于数值x时，进行室内温度判别，具体判别条件及设备工作状态，包括如下情况：In step 3, when the indoor PM2.5 index is lower than the value x, the indoor temperature is judged, and the specific judgment conditions and equipment working status include the following situations:
情况1)：若所述室内温度小于给定参考温度Tmin，进入制热状态，控制器控制空调启动进入制热模式；Situation 1): If the indoor temperature is lower than a given reference temperature T min , enter the heating state, and the controller controls the air conditioner to start to enter the heating mode;
情况2)：若所述室内若所述室内温度大于给定参考温度Tmax，室外温度不超过Tmax，进入一级制冷状态：Case 2): If the indoor temperature is greater than a given reference temperature T max and the outdoor temperature does not exceed T max , enter the first-level cooling state:
情况3)：若所述室内若所述室内外温度大于给定参考温度Tmax，进入二级制冷状态；Situation 3): If the indoor and outdoor temperatures are greater than a given reference temperature T max , enter the secondary refrigeration state;
情况4)：若所述室内温度在Tmin-Tmax，如果空调和永磁直驱低速大风扇均未启动则保持原状态不变；Situation 4): If the indoor temperature is between T min -T max , if neither the air conditioner nor the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan is activated, the original state remains unchanged;
情况5)：若所述室内温度在Tmin-Tmax，如果空调和永磁直驱低速大风扇均处于启动状态，则控制永磁直驱低速大风扇工作于第一级档位，空调进入低功率制冷工作模式；Situation 5): If the indoor temperature is between T min -T max , if the air conditioner and the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan are both in the starting state, then the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan is controlled to work in the first gear, and the air conditioner enters Low power cooling mode;
情况6)：若所述室内温度在Tmin-Tmax，如果空调处于启动状态，则控制空调进入低功率制热模式；Situation 6): If the indoor temperature is between T min -T max , if the air conditioner is on, control the air conditioner to enter a low-power heating mode;
在情况2)中所述的一级制冷状态，具体判别条件及设备工作状态，包括如下情况：In the first-level refrigeration state mentioned in case 2), the specific conditions for judging and the working state of the equipment include the following situations:
情况(1)：若室内温度在Tmax-T1范围内时，控制器控制室内大风扇启动，工作于第一级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则关闭空调；Situation (1): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T max -T1, the controller controls the indoor large fan to start and work in the first gear; if the air conditioner is in the activated state, turn off the air conditioner;
情况(2)：若室内温度在T1-T2范围内时，控制器控制室内大风扇启动，工作于第二级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则关闭空调；Situation (2): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T1-T2, the controller controls the indoor large fan to start and work in the second gear; if the air conditioner is in the activated state, turn off the air conditioner;
情况(3)：若室内温度在超过T2范围内时，控制器控制室内大风扇启动，工作于第三级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则关闭空调。Situation (3): If the indoor temperature exceeds the range of T2, the controller controls the indoor large fan to start and work in the third gear; if the air conditioner is in the activated state, the air conditioner is turned off.
在情况3)中所述的二级制冷状态，具体判别条件及设备工作状态，包括如下情况：In case 3) of the secondary refrigeration state, the specific conditions for judging and the working state of the equipment include the following situations:
情况(1)：若室内温度在Tmax-T1范围内时，控制器控制大风扇启动，工作于第一级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则进入低功率模式运行；Situation (1): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T max -T1, the controller controls the large fan to start and work in the first gear; if the air conditioner is in the starting state, it will enter the low power mode;
情况(2)：若室内温度在T1-T2范围内时，控制器控制大风扇启动，工作于第二级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则进入低功率模式运行；Situation (2): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T1-T2, the controller controls the large fan to start and work in the second gear; if the air conditioner is in the activated state, it will enter the low power mode;
情况(3)：若室内温度在T2-T3范围内时，控制器控制大风扇启动，工作于第三级档位；若空调处于启动状态，则进入低功率模式运行；Situation (3): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T2-T3, the controller controls the large fan to start and work in the third gear; if the air conditioner is in the activated state, it will enter the low power mode;
情况(4)：若室内温度在T3-T4范围内时，控制器启动大风扇空调联动控制模式，控制器控制大风扇和空调启动，工作于第一联动工作状态；Situation (4): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T3-T4, the controller starts the large fan air conditioner linkage control mode, the controller controls the large fan and air conditioner to start, and works in the first linkage working state;
情况(5)：若室内温度在T4-T5范围内时，控制器启动大风扇空调联动控制模式，控制器控制大风扇和空调启动，工作于第二联动工作状态；Situation (5): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T4-T5, the controller starts the linkage control mode of the large fan and air conditioner, and the controller controls the activation of the large fan and the air conditioner, and works in the second linkage working state;
情况(6)：若室内温度在T5-T6范围内时，控制器启动大风扇空调联动控制模式，控制器控制大风扇和空调启动，工作于第三联动工作状态；Situation (6): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T5-T6, the controller starts the large fan air conditioner linkage control mode, the controller controls the large fan and air conditioner to start, and works in the third linkage working state;
情况(7)：若室内温度在T6-T7范围内时，控制器启动永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动控制模式，控制器控制大风扇和中央空调启动，工作于第四联动工作状态；Situation (7): If the indoor temperature is within the range of T6-T7, the controller starts the linkage control mode of the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and the central air conditioner, the controller controls the start of the large fan and the central air conditioner, and works in the fourth linkage working state ;
上述参考温度区间和各永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动工作状态均通过智能算法计算获得，所述智能算法具体包括：The above-mentioned reference temperature range and the linked working status of each permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioner are calculated through an intelligent algorithm. The intelligent algorithm specifically includes:
如图3所示，控制***对传感器上传数据进行耦合处理，并通过BP神经网络算法对状态量进行多变量联合预测。As shown in Figure 3, the control system performs coupling processing on the data uploaded by the sensors, and performs multivariate joint prediction on the state quantity through the BP neural network algorithm.
依据检测环境参数运用神经网络算法对下一时刻环境参数进行预测，包括以下步骤：According to the detected environmental parameters, the neural network algorithm is used to predict the environmental parameters at the next moment, including the following steps:
步骤1)：确定初始数据集；Step 1): Determine the initial data set;
步骤2)：对初始数据集进行FIR滤波消除干扰项，而后对数据进行归一化处理，处理后数据导入BP神经网络模型中进行训练，得出训练后权值保存。Step 2): Perform FIR filtering on the initial data set to eliminate interference items, then normalize the data, import the processed data into the BP neural network model for training, and obtain the weights after training to save.
步骤3)：预测下一时刻的环境参数，同时对该参数进行数据预处理，比较预测值与实际值的相对误差，判断是否需要对数据集进行更新操作。Step 3): Predict the environmental parameters at the next moment, and at the same time perform data preprocessing on the parameters, compare the relative error between the predicted value and the actual value, and judge whether the data set needs to be updated.
依据预测模型的预测结果与检测环境数据运用遗传算法优化计算终端设备控制参数，包括以下步骤：Based on the prediction results of the prediction model and the detection environment data, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize and calculate the control parameters of the terminal equipment, including the following steps:
步骤1)：确定初始数据集；Step 1): Determine the initial data set;
步骤2)：对初始数据集进行归一化处理，处理后数据导入遗传算法优化舒适度模型中计算出终端设备控制参数；Step 2): Normalize the initial data set, and import the processed data into the genetic algorithm optimization comfort model to calculate the terminal equipment control parameters;
如图4所示，根据预测信息及实时环境参数，通过遗传算法对设备控制参数进行多目标优化，遗传算法的优化流程包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 4, according to the prediction information and real-time environmental parameters, the multi-objective optimization of the equipment control parameters is carried out through the genetic algorithm. The optimization process of the genetic algorithm includes the following steps:
步骤1：确定初始数据集；Step 1: Determine the initial data set;
步骤2：对初始数据集进行归一化处理，设置突变概率、交叉概率及迭代次数，配置优化参数范围；Step 2: Normalize the initial data set, set the mutation probability, crossover probability and number of iterations, and configure the optimized parameter range;
步骤3：对处理后的数据进行编码生成初始化种群，建立种群适应度函数，得到种群个体适应度选取最优个体进行判断，符合条件则输出该个体，否则进行突变、交叉操作生成新个体，继续判断。Step 3: Encode the processed data to generate an initial population, establish a population fitness function, obtain the individual fitness of the population and select the optimal individual for judgment, and output the individual if it meets the conditions, otherwise perform mutation and crossover operations to generate new individuals, and continue judge.
由此得到各设备控制参数，继而通过控制器完成联动控制。In this way, the control parameters of each device are obtained, and then the linkage control is completed through the controller.
上述各永磁直驱低速大风扇空调联动工作状态具体包括：The above-mentioned permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan air conditioner linkage working status specifically includes:
第一联动工作状态：空调设置温度a1，风力等级b1，永磁直驱低速大风扇档位c1；The first linkage working state: air conditioner setting temperature a1, wind power level b1, permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear c1;
第二联动工作状态：空调设置温度a2，风力等级b2，永磁直驱低速大风扇档位c2；The second linkage working state: air conditioner setting temperature a2, wind power level b2, permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear c2;
第三联动工作状态：空调设置温度a3，风力等级b3，永磁直驱低速大风扇档位c3；The third linkage working state: air conditioner setting temperature a3, wind power level b3, permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear c3;
第四联动工作状态：空调设置温度a4，风力等级b4，永磁直驱低速大风扇档位c4；The fourth linkage working state: air conditioner setting temperature a4, wind power level b4, permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan gear c4;
本实施例中如图5所示永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动控制***的数据获取模块通过各传感器协调配合完成数据采集，权衡本实施例中的环境条件选择ZigBee通讯技术作为室内传感器交互数据传输方式，470MHz技术作为室外传感器交互数据传输方式，使用IP/TCP协议来实现数据在控制平台上的可视化实时展示。控制平台PC端的数据处理能力强，可靠性高，可较优实现预测和优化工作。本实施例中的控制器模块包括智能调节开关和红外转发装置用于协调控制终端设备中的大风扇和中央空调从而完成联动控制。In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the data acquisition module of the permanent magnet direct-drive low-speed large fan and the central air-conditioning linkage control system completes data acquisition through the coordination and cooperation of various sensors, and weighs the environmental conditions in this embodiment and selects ZigBee communication technology as the indoor sensor. Interactive data transmission method, 470MHz technology is used as the interactive data transmission method of outdoor sensors, using IP/TCP protocol to realize the visual real-time display of data on the control platform. The PC side of the control platform has strong data processing capabilities and high reliability, and can better realize prediction and optimization work. The controller module in this embodiment includes an intelligent adjustment switch and an infrared forwarding device for coordinated control of the large fan and the central air conditioner in the terminal equipment to complete linkage control.
如图2所示，实施例测试了三种控制方法不同温度下的能耗，可以明显看出大风扇空调联动调控方法相较于传统单一空调控制节能效果明显，单一大风扇运行虽具有能耗低的优点但其温度控制范围受限严重，对舒适度影响较大，综上永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动调控方法是一种既能够节能又能保证室内人体舒适度的控制方法。As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment tested the energy consumption of the three control methods at different temperatures. It can be clearly seen that the large-fan air-conditioning linkage control method has a significant energy-saving effect compared with the traditional single air-conditioning control. Although the operation of a single large fan has energy consumption It has the advantage of being low, but its temperature control range is severely limited, which has a great impact on comfort. In summary, the linkage control method of permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioner is a control method that can save energy and ensure indoor human comfort. .
实施例1Example 1
模拟高污染物指数环境，对实验室房间内的中央空调和大风扇使用永磁直驱低速大风扇和中央空调联动控制方法进行测试；Simulate the high pollutant index environment, and test the central air conditioner and large fan in the laboratory room using the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan and central air conditioner linkage control method;
根据实验室实际环境参数，设置参考值x＝100，y＝200，z＝300，t＝1800s，传感器监测的数据能够正确传输到控制平台，控制平台所下发的参数能够使控制器控制大风扇工作于对应状态，且当通风状态结束后，室内污染物指数降低至标准范围内。According to the actual environmental parameters of the laboratory, set the reference values x=100, y=200, z=300, t=1800s, the data monitored by the sensor can be correctly transmitted to the control platform, and the parameters issued by the control platform can enable the controller to control large The fan works in the corresponding state, and when the ventilation state ends, the indoor pollutant index drops to the standard range.
实施例2Example 2
在炎热环境，对实验室房间内的中央空调和大风扇使用永磁直驱低速大风扇空调联动控制方法进行测试；In a hot environment, the central air conditioner and large fan in the laboratory room are tested using the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan air conditioner linkage control method;
根据实验室实际环境参数，通过算法计算设置参考值According to the actual environmental parameters of the laboratory, the reference value is calculated and set through the algorithm
表1.实验室设备参数设置值Table 1. Laboratory equipment parameter setting values
根据传感器监测的温度数据，控制器能够控制大风扇和空调进行联动工作，且状态切换速度快，准确性高，舒适度较高。According to the temperature data monitored by the sensor, the controller can control the large fan and the air conditioner to perform linkage work, and the state switching speed is fast, the accuracy is high, and the comfort is high.
实施例3Example 3
在高污染物指数且炎热环境，对实验室房间内的中央空调和大风扇使用永磁直驱低速大风扇空调联动控制方法进行测试；In a high pollutant index and hot environment, the central air conditioner and large fan in the laboratory room are tested using the permanent magnet direct drive low-speed large fan air conditioner linkage control method;
根据实验室实际环境参数，设置参考值后，首先控制器能够先控制设备进入通风换气状态，该状态结束后，进入制冷状态，开始对屋内降温，测试验证了控制器控制顺序正确，且状态切换速度快，能够使实验室较快进入舒适状态。According to the actual environmental parameters of the laboratory, after setting the reference value, the controller can firstly control the equipment to enter the ventilation state. After the state is over, it enters the cooling state and starts to cool down the room. The switching speed is fast, which can make the laboratory enter a comfortable state quickly.
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still implement the foregoing embodiments Modifications to the technical solutions described in the examples, or equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the application, and should be included in the Within the protection scope of this application.
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| CN116839185B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2024-04-05 | 重庆大学 | Air conditioning temperature control method and system |
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