CN115632533B

CN115632533B - Permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device and monitoring method

Info

Publication number: CN115632533B
Application number: CN202211560134.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王长路; 姬胜杰; 王远兵; 高贵彬; 薛晓麟; 曹建; 汪凯; 杨栋; 王晶
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zhonggong High End Equipment Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zhonggong High End Equipment Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-07
Filing date: 2022-12-07
Publication date: 2023-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-12-07
Also published as: CN115632533A

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring device for magnetic variables of a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a motor shell, wherein a stator iron core is arranged on the inner wall of the motor shell, stator three-phase windings are uniformly wound on the stator iron core, a rotating shaft is movably arranged on the inner wall of the motor shell through a bearing, a rotor is sleeved outside the rotating shaft, an angle sensor is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, a junction box is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the motor shell through welding, the stator iron core is divided into two parts from the middle part, a movable iron core block is arranged between the two parts of the stator iron core in a sliding manner, a hollow moving block is fixedly arranged on one side of the movable iron core block through welding, a sliding guide column is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow moving block in a sliding and inserting manner, an installation block is arranged at one end of the sliding guide column, and the installation block is fixed on the inner wall of the motor shell through welding.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device and monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, and particularly relates to a device and a method for monitoring magnetic variables of a permanent magnet synchronous motor in real time.

Background

The starting and running of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are formed by the interaction of magnetic fields generated by the stator winding, the rotor cage winding and the permanent magnet. When the motor is static, three-phase symmetrical current is introduced into the stator winding to generate a stator rotating magnetic field, the stator rotating magnetic field generates current in the cage winding relative to the rotation of the rotor to form a rotor rotating magnetic field, and the asynchronous torque generated by the interaction of the stator rotating magnetic field and the rotor rotating magnetic field enables the rotor to rotate from the static state to the accelerated state.

In unstable environments such as high temperature and high pressure, the rotor of the permanent magnet motor needs to be monitored in real time for magnetic variables, so that the rotor can not be in loss-of-field operation or partial loss-of-field operation, the motor is unstable in operation, and production accidents are prevented.

When the existing permanent magnet motor detects the magnetic variable of a rotor, the existing permanent magnet motor detects the magnetic variable through a separately arranged magnetic variable sensor, and when the mode detects the magnetic sectioning surface of the whole rotor, the whole magnetic sectioning surface is fitted through recording the magnetic field on the rotor of a certain point rotating circle, so that the magnetic sectioning surface of the whole rotor cannot be detected at the same time, and the test process has limitations and poor practicability. This phenomenon becomes an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the background technology by aiming at the existing material collecting device, namely a permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device and a monitoring method.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time supervision device, includes motor housing, motor housing's inner wall is installed stator core, evenly winding is provided with stator three-phase winding on the stator core, motor housing's inner wall has the pivot through bearing movable mounting, the rotor has been cup jointed to the outside of pivot, the one end of pivot is provided with angle sensor, motor housing's outer wall has the terminal box through welded fastening.

The invention further discloses that the stator core is divided into two parts from the middle part, and the movable core blocks are arranged between the two parts of the stator core in a sliding mode.

The invention further discloses that a hollow moving block is fixed on one side of the movable iron core block through welding, a sliding guide column is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow moving block in a sliding insertion mode, an installation block is installed at one end of the sliding guide column, and the installation block is fixed on the inner wall of the motor shell through welding.

The invention further discloses that a resistance card is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding guide column correspondingly through welding, a conductive block is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide column in a sliding mode, the inner wall of the conductive block is in contact with the resistance card to form an electrifying loop, one end of each of the two conductive blocks is connected with a lead, a power supply is electrically connected between the two leads and is arranged in a junction box, a current sensor is electrically connected between the power supply and the resistance card, and one side of each conductive block is fixed with the hollow moving block through welding.

The invention further discloses that a spring is connected between the mounting block and the hollow moving block, and the spring is movably sleeved outside the sliding guide column.

A monitoring method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device adopts a system comprising a magnetic variable drawing module, a coordinate system establishing module, an electromagnetic force calculating module, an elastic force calculating module and a displacement calculating module, wherein a current sensor is electrically connected with the displacement calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the elastic force calculating module, the elastic force calculating module is electrically connected with the electromagnetic force calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module, and the magnetic variable drawing module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module and the electromagnetic force calculating module;

the magnetic variable drawing module is used for drawing a magnetic variable section diagram according to the electromagnetic force measured by each measuring point, the coordinate system establishing module is used for establishing coordinate points according to the circumferential distribution position of each movable core block, the electromagnetic force calculating module is used for estimating the electromagnetic force according to the radial position of each movable core block and the elastic force of the spring, the elastic force calculating module is used for calculating the elastic force according to the compression amount of the spring, and the displacement calculating module is used for calculating the displacement of each movable core block according to the indication number of the current sensor.

The invention further discloses a method which comprises the following specific steps:

s1, when magnetic variables are monitored in real time, a power supply of a motor is started to electrify the power supply, meanwhile, a rotor normally rotates, a permanent magnet pole in the rotor generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field rotates along with the rotation of the rotor, and a stator iron core also generates an armature magnetic field;

s2, the resultant magnetic field generated by the rotor and the stator iron core can generate magnetic attraction or repulsion action on the movable iron core blocks, and each movable iron core block is outwardly repelled or inwardly attracted to form tiny displacement;

s3, the resistor disc and the conductive block form a power-on loop when the power supply is powered on, the conductive block is driven to move when the movable iron core block is displaced, and then the resistance of the resistor disc connected to the power-on loop is changed, and the current detected by the current sensor is influenced;

s4, drawing a magnetic variable dissection diagram according to the current of the current sensor corresponding to the movable iron core blocks distributed circumferentially to obtain an intuitive rotor dynamic magnetic variable distribution diagram;

and S5, when the motor is stopped, only the magnetic pole magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole in the rotor can obtain a static magnetic field distribution diagram according to the current of the current sensor corresponding to the movable iron core block.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the magnetic variable dissection diagram around the inner rotor in the whole circumference at a certain moment can be obtained, and the dynamic magnetic variable distribution diagram at all moments can be obtained by taking a plurality of time segmentation point positions, so that the measurement mode can simultaneously avoid the problem of poor measurement effect caused by insensitive magnetic probes of the magnetic variable sensor due to a high-temperature environment.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the movable permanent magnet blocks and the stator core of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the hollow moving block mounting of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the hollow moving block and the sliding guide post of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of the magnetic variables of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block schematic of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a motor housing; 5. a stator core; 4. a junction box; 6. a stator three-phase winding; 7. a rotor; 71. a rotating shaft; 72. an angle sensor; 241. a movable iron core block; 24. a hollow moving block; 242. a conductive block; 243. mounting blocks; 244. a sliding guide post; 245. a spring; 246. resistance cards; 247. a power source; 248. a current sensor; 99. a vibration sensor.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the present invention without limitation. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device comprises a motor shell 1, wherein a stator core 5 is installed on the inner wall of the motor shell 1, a stator three-phase winding 6 is uniformly wound on the stator core 5, a rotating shaft 71 is movably installed on the inner wall of the motor shell 1 through a bearing, a rotor 7 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 71, an angle sensor 72 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 71, a junction box 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the motor shell 1 through welding, when a motor works, firstly, the stator three-phase winding 6 is electrified, the rotor 7 starts to rotate through the starting principle of a permanent magnet motor, and the current angle of the rotor 7 is detected through the angle sensor 72;

the stator core 5 is divided into two parts from the middle, the movable core blocks 241 are arranged between the two parts of the stator core 5 in a sliding mode, inward attraction or outward repulsion can be carried out through the movable core blocks 241 according to the current magnetic field direction between the rotor 7 and the stator core 5, and therefore position adjustment can be visually carried out according to the current magnetic field direction;

a hollow moving block 24 is fixed on one side of the movable iron core block 241 through welding, a sliding guide post 244 is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow moving block 24 in a sliding and inserting mode, a mounting block 243 is mounted at one end of the sliding guide post 244, the mounting block 243 is fixed on the inner wall of the motor shell 1 through welding, an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the motor shell 1, the mounting block 243 is located in the annular groove, a part of the sliding guide post 244 is also located inside the annular groove, the hollow moving block 24 can be driven to move when the position of the movable iron core block 241 is adjusted, so that the depth of the sliding guide post 244 extending into the hollow moving block 24 is changed, the movable iron core blocks 241 distributed on the whole circumference can more finely display the magnetic field change in the current circumferential range, and the annular groove is used for enabling related measuring parts not to occupy the positions of internal parts of the motor;

as shown in fig. 3-4, a resistive sheet 246 is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding guide post 244 by welding, a conductive block 242 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide post 244 in a sliding manner, the inner wall of the conductive block 242 contacts with the resistive sheet 246 to form an energizing loop, one end of each of the two conductive blocks 242 is connected with a wire, a power supply 247 is electrically connected between the two wires, the power supply 247 is arranged in the junction box 4, a current sensor 248 is electrically connected between the power supply 247 and the resistive sheet 246, one side of the conductive block 242 is fixed with the hollow moving block 24 by welding, when the moving iron block 241 slides on the sliding guide post 244, since the resistance of the conductive block 242 is very small, the moving iron block can be regarded as a wire approximately, the resistance value of the resistive sheet 246 can be changed, and the position of the moving iron block 241 can be visually reflected;

a spring 245 is connected between the mounting block 243 and the hollow moving block 24, the spring 245 is movably sleeved outside the sliding guide post 244, when the movable iron core block 241 is not subjected to magnetic force, the spring 245 can be in a normal state, when the movable iron core block 241 is subjected to outward magnetic force, the spring 245 can be compressed, when the movable iron core block 241 is subjected to inward magnetic force, the spring 245 can be stretched, the stretching or compressing position of the spring 245 is converted into the current magnetic field intensity when a certain point of the rotor 7 is aligned with the movable iron core block 241, the greater the stretching degree is, the greater the inward magnetic field intensity is, the greater the compressing degree is, and the greater the outward magnetic field intensity is;

as shown in fig. 7, a monitoring method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device adopts a system comprising a magnetic variable drawing module, a coordinate system establishing module, an electromagnetic force calculating module, an elastic force calculating module and a displacement calculating module, wherein a current sensor 248 is electrically connected with the displacement calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the elastic force calculating module, the elastic force calculating module is electrically connected with the electromagnetic force calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module, and the magnetic variable drawing module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module and the electromagnetic force calculating module;

the magnetic variable drawing module is used for drawing a magnetic variable sectioning graph according to the electromagnetic force measured by each measuring point, the coordinate system establishing module is used for establishing coordinate points according to the circumferential distribution position of each movable core block 241, the electromagnetic force calculating module is used for estimating the electromagnetic force according to the radial position of each movable core block 241 and the elastic force of the spring, the elastic force calculating module is used for calculating the elastic force according to the compression amount of the spring 245, the displacement calculating module is used for calculating the displacement of each movable core block 241 according to the indication of the current sensor 248, the conversion from the current to the displacement and then to the elastic force can be realized through the modules, the measuring mode is not to directly use the magnetic variable sensor for detection, but to use the current for conversion for detection, and the problem that the magnetic variable sensor is inaccurate in measurement due to the change of the probe sensitivity at high temperature is avoided;

the method comprises the following specific steps:

s1, when the magnetic variable is monitored in real time, a power supply of a motor is started, so that a power supply 247 is electrified, meanwhile, a rotor 7 rotates normally, a permanent magnet pole in the rotor 7 generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field rotates along with the rotation of the rotor 7, and an armature magnetic field can also be generated by a stator iron core 5;

s2, the combined magnetic field generated by the rotor 7 and the stator core 5 can generate magnetic attraction or repulsion action on the movable iron core blocks 241, and each movable iron core block 241 is repelled outwards or attracted inwards to form tiny displacement;

s3, when the power supply 247 is powered on, the resistive sheet 246 and the conductive block 242 form a power-on loop, and when the movable iron core block 241 displaces, the conductive block 242 is driven to move, so that the resistance of the power-on loop connected to the resistive sheet 246 is changed, and the current detected by the current sensor 248 is influenced;

s4, drawing a magnetic variable profile according to the current of the current sensor 248 corresponding to the movable iron core blocks 241 distributed circumferentially to obtain an intuitive dynamic magnetic variable distribution map of the rotor 71;

s5, when the motor is stopped, only the magnetic pole magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole inside the rotor 7 can obtain a static magnetic field distribution diagram according to the current of the current sensor 248 corresponding to the movable iron core block 241.

Example 1: when the magnetic variable change of a certain point of the rotor 7 with time needs to be measured, firstly, the angle sensor 72 is used to detect the angle value of the point, assuming that the initial value is α, and at the same time, the indication value of the current sensor 248 corresponding to the movable core block 241 with the angle value of α is also recorded, and the indication value is converted into the current magnetic field strength, when the rotor 7 of the motor rotates to α + β, the current change limit value of all the movable core blocks 241 in the angle range from α to β in the just time period is the strength of the magnetic field when the point of the rotor 7 is aligned with the certain movable core block 241 at the time.

Example 2: the vibration sensor 99 is arranged at the top of the rotating shaft 71, the vibration sensor 99 is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the rotating shaft 71, when the vibration amplitude exceeds a set value, the disturbance on the magnetic variable drawing module exceeds a preset value, the magnetic variable drawing is not suitable at the moment, and the drawing accuracy is convenient to improve.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made in some technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a permanent magnet synchronous machine magnetic variable real-time supervision device, includes motor housing (1), its characterized in that: a stator core (5) is installed on the inner wall of the motor shell (1), stator three-phase windings (6) are uniformly wound on the stator core (5), a rotating shaft (71) is movably installed on the inner wall of the motor shell (1) through a bearing, a rotor (7) is sleeved outside the rotating shaft (71), an angle sensor (72) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (71), and a junction box (4) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the motor shell (1) through welding;

the stator core (5) is divided into two parts from the middle part, and a movable core block (241) is arranged between the two parts of the stator core (5) in a sliding mode;

a hollow moving block (24) is fixed on one side of the movable iron core block (241) through welding, a sliding guide column (244) is arranged on the inner wall of the hollow moving block (24) in a sliding insertion mode, an installation block (243) is installed at one end of the sliding guide column (244), and the installation block (243) is fixed on the inner wall of the motor shell (1) through welding;

a resistance card (246) is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding guide column (244) correspondingly through welding, a conductive block (242) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding guide column (244) in a sliding mode, the inner wall of the conductive block (242) is in contact with the resistance card (246) to form an electrifying loop, one end of each of the two conductive blocks (242) is connected with a lead, a power supply (247) is electrically connected between the two leads, the power supply (247) is arranged in the junction box (4), a current sensor (248) is electrically connected between the power supply (247) and the resistance card (246), and one side of the conductive block (242) is fixed with the hollow moving block (24) through welding;

a spring (245) is connected between the mounting block (243) and the hollow moving block (24), and the spring (245) is movably sleeved outside the sliding guide column (244).

2. The monitoring method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system adopted by the monitoring method comprises a magnetic variable drawing module, a coordinate system establishing module, an electromagnetic force calculating module, an elastic force calculating module and a displacement calculating module, wherein a current sensor (248) is electrically connected with the displacement calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the elastic force calculating module, the elastic force calculating module is electrically connected with the electromagnetic force calculating module, the displacement calculating module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module, and the magnetic variable drawing module is electrically connected with the coordinate system establishing module and the electromagnetic force calculating module;

the magnetic variable drawing module is used for drawing a magnetic variable section drawing according to electromagnetic force measured by each measuring point, the coordinate system building module is used for building coordinate points according to circumferential distribution positions of all the movable iron core blocks (241), the electromagnetic force calculating module is used for estimating electromagnetic force according to radial positions of the movable iron core blocks (241) and spring elastic force, the elastic force calculating module is used for calculating elastic force according to compression amount of the spring (245), and the displacement calculating module is used for calculating displacement of the movable iron core blocks (241) according to indication of the current sensor (248).

3. The monitoring method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor magnetic variable real-time monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

s1, when the magnetic variable is monitored in real time, a power supply of a motor is started, so that the power supply (247) is electrified, meanwhile, a rotor (7) normally rotates, a permanent magnet pole inside the rotor (7) generates a magnetic field, the magnetic field rotates along with the rotation of the rotor (7), and an armature magnetic field can also be generated by a stator iron core (5);

s2, the combined magnetic field generated by the rotor (7) and the stator core (5) can generate magnetic attraction or repulsion action on the movable iron core blocks (241), and each movable iron core block (241) is repelled outwards or attracted inwards to form tiny displacement;

s3, the resistor disc (246) and the conductive block (242) form an electrifying loop when the power supply (247) is electrified, the conductive block (242) is driven to move when the movable core block (241) displaces, the resistance of the electrifying loop connected to the resistor disc (246) is changed, and the current detected by the current sensor (248) is influenced;

s4, drawing a magnetic variable dissection diagram according to the current magnitude of the current sensor (248) corresponding to the movable iron core blocks (241) distributed circumferentially to obtain an intuitive rotor (7) dynamic magnetic variable distribution diagram;

and S5, when the motor is stopped, only the magnetic pole magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole inside the rotor (7) can obtain a static magnetic field distribution diagram according to the current magnitude of the current sensor (248) corresponding to the movable iron core block (241).