CN115559234A - Novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse - Google Patents
Novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse Download PDFInfo
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- CN115559234A CN115559234A CN202211560346.8A CN202211560346A CN115559234A CN 115559234 A CN115559234 A CN 115559234A CN 202211560346 A CN202211560346 A CN 202211560346A CN 115559234 A CN115559234 A CN 115559234A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
- E01F7/045—Devices specially adapted for protecting against falling rocks, e.g. galleries, nets, rock traps
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics, in particular to a novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse. The protection system includes: the protective net is formed by interweaving a plurality of transverse anchor cables and a plurality of vertical anchor cables, the transverse anchor cables are perpendicular to the vertical anchor cables, pre-tightening force is applied to the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables, and the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables are constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cables; the node fixing device is used for fixedly connecting the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at the intersection point; the opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged in pairs, the opposite-pulling assemblies are respectively arranged at two ends of the plurality of transverse anchor cables with the same length, and the opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged on two sides of the protective net. The protective net has large elongation and is early to enter an energy absorption stage and stable in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rock and soil mechanics, in particular to a novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse.
Background
Dangerous rock collapse is one of three geological disasters frequently occurring on mountain roads in China, and mainly occurs in southwest areas of China. With the intense development of these mountainous areas, rockfall disasters are becoming more frequent. The dangerous rock collapse mainly refers to the phenomenon that a dangerous rock body is suddenly stripped from mother rocks under the influence of inducing factors such as vibration, weathering, water flow scouring, plant root system splitting, engineering action (unloading crack generation) and the like under the action of self gravity to form rapid damage phenomena such as toppling, rolling and falling. Due to the sudden and random nature of dangerous rock collapse, accurate prediction and protection cannot be achieved, and the construction and operation of mountain roads are seriously affected. As a lightweight rockfall protection flexible structure, the passive protection net is developed and applied for the first time by Bruker, switzerland in the 50 s of the 20 th century, and is introduced, popularized and applied in 1995 in China. Compared with foreign researches, the passive protective net in China starts to be researched later, although some researches are carried out by successive scholars through numerical simulation and experiments and relevant specifications are formulated in some industries, a set of complete research and development design application theory system is not formed all the time, the main body parts of the passive protective net used in the conventional design are all ordinary anchor cables, the elongation is small, the impact of high-level rockfall cannot be borne, when a large impact load is borne, the protection system is usually damaged or moves horizontally relative to a base, and the building behind the protective net can be threatened when the movement is too large.
Along with the increase of the operation years of the roads in the mountainous area and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the dangerous rock collapse disaster tends to be large in impact energy level and high in occurrence frequency, and the protection energy level of the conventional passive protective net cannot meet the operation protection requirements of the roads. Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of this application is to provide a novel flexible protection system that rock impact and dangerous rock mass collapse are prevented to it is little to solve protector elongation among the prior art, can't bear the impact scheduling problem of high-energy-level rockfall.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse, the protection system comprising:
the protective net is formed by interweaving a plurality of transverse anchor cables and a plurality of vertical anchor cables, pre-tightening force is applied to the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables, and the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables are constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cables;
the node fixing device is used for fixedly connecting the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at the intersection point;
the pair of opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged in pairs and are respectively arranged at two ends of the plurality of transverse anchor cables with the same length, and a plurality of pairs of opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged at two sides of the protective net.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse is characterized in that the opposite-pulling assembly preferably comprises an opposite-pulling plate and a lateral anchor cable;
a row of anchor cable holes are vertically formed in the counter-pulling plate, and the end part of the transverse anchor cable penetrates through the anchor cable holes and is fixed on the counter-pulling plate;
a pair of fixing holes is symmetrically formed in the left side and the right side of a row of anchor cable holes in the counter-pulling plate, the lateral anchor cables are anchored in a slope body, one ends of the lateral anchor cables extending out of the slope body are anchored in the fixing holes, and pretightening force is applied to the lateral anchor cables.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse is characterized in that the pair of pulling plates are arranged on a concrete ground beam on a slope body;
the counter-pull plate is composed of a reinforcement cage and poured concrete, the reinforcement cage comprises a plurality of vertically arranged main reinforcements and stirrups connected among the main reinforcements.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse is characterized in that the connecting line of a pair of the fixing holes is preferably a perpendicular bisector of a row of anchor cables Kong Lianxian.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse preferably comprises a cross fastener, wherein the cross fastener is used for fixing the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at a cross node formed by the intersection of the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable;
the cross fastener is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical hole, the transverse anchor cable is fixed in the transverse hole, and the vertical anchor cable is fixed in the vertical hole.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse is characterized in that the cross fastener preferably comprises a cross fastener body and two cross fastening plates;
two cross buckle plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the cross buckle body, a transverse hole is formed between one cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body, and a vertical hole is formed between the other cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body.
According to the novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse, preferably, the cross fastener further comprises split clamping pieces, and the split clamping pieces are sleeved on the peripheries of the transverse anchor cables or the vertical anchor cables;
the cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body are both provided with fastener grooves, the two fastener grooves are arranged oppositely, and the split fastener is located in the fastener groove between the cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse preferably further comprises a T-shaped fastener, wherein the T-shaped fastener is used for fixing the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables at a point where the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables at the topmost part and the bottommost part of the protection net intersect to form a T-shaped point;
the T-shaped fastener is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical groove, the transverse anchor cable is fixed in the transverse hole, and one end of the vertical anchor cable is fixed in the vertical groove.
According to the novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse, preferably, the T-shaped fastener comprises a split clamping sleeve, and the transverse anchor cable is fixed in a transverse hole in the split clamping sleeve;
one end of the split clamping sleeve is fixed with a connecting fork lug, one end of the connecting fork lug facing the vertical anchor cable is provided with a vertical hole, and the vertical anchor cable is inserted into the vertical hole of the connecting fork lug;
still the cover is equipped with the card overcoat outside connecting fork ear, and the card overcoat is in vertical anchor rope periphery simultaneously, is provided with the wedge card between card overcoat and vertical anchor rope, and the one end of card overcoat is passed through lock nut and is fixed on connecting fork ear.
The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse preferably further comprises a support pile, a part of the support pile is buried underground, a plurality of reserved anchor cable holes extending along the horizontal direction are formed in the side, close to a mountain, of the support pile, the reserved anchor cable holes are evenly distributed along the vertical direction, the vertical distance between every two adjacent reserved anchor cable holes is equal to the distance between every two adjacent transverse anchor cables, and one transverse anchor cable penetrates into each reserved anchor cable hole.
Has the advantages that:
1. the extension of the protective net is large: the protective net is made of a novel NPR material, has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high uniform extension and adaptability to large deformation, and can increase the working capacity of the protective net through the increase of the elongation when being impacted by a high-energy rock mass, thereby realizing the effect of enhancing energy absorption;
2. the protective net enters an energy absorption stage early: the pre-tightening force is exerted on the protective net in advance, so that the material enters a plastic deformation stage as early as possible, the large deformation of the material is exerted to absorb energy, and the risk that the peripheral buildings are threatened due to overlarge displacement is reduced;
3. the protection system has stable structure: supporting piles and corresponding vertical tensile anchor cables are designed in the middle of the protective net, so that the supporting piles cannot slide and deform in the direction when bearing load; tensile anchor cables and corresponding anchoring structures are designed laterally on the protective net, so that the integral system is prevented from lateral sliding and deformation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a general design drawing of a flexible shield system;
FIG. 2 is a cross fastener design;
FIG. 3 is a design view of a T-shaped fastener;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the contact surface of the support pile;
FIG. 5 is a design drawing of NPR anchor cable corrosion prevention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the anti-corrosion design of the anchorage and the cross fastener;
FIG. 7 is a drawing of a counter plate design;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of an additional node of the elastic foundation beam.
Description of reference numerals:
1-protective screening, 2-vertical anchor cable, 3-horizontal anchor cable,
4-cross fastener, 401-cross buckle plate, 402-split fastener, 403-cross buckle body, 404-bolt,
5-supporting pile, 501-pile top end, 502-pile cantilever section, 503-pile cantilever section and stone action point junction, 504-pile cantilever section and anchor rope tension junction, 505-pile cantilever section and anchoring section junction, 506-pile anchoring section, 507-pile bottom end,
6-pulling plates, 601-fixing holes, 602-anchor cable holes, 603-vertical main ribs, 604-stirrups,
7-concrete ground beam, 8-lateral anchor cable, 9-rolling stone,
10-T type fastener, 1001-bolt, 1002-connecting fork ear, 1003-locking nut, 1004-split ferrule, 1005-card jacket, 1006-wedge card,
11-HDPE sheath, 12-anticorrosion paste, 13-epoxy powder, 14-high-strength polyester wrapping tape, 15-PE sheath, 16-NPR anchor cable, 17-anticorrosion daub, 18-oxidative polymerization anticorrosion paste, 19-oxidative polymerization anticorrosion tape and 20-external protective agent.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and are not limiting of the application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present application cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the disclosure only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.
In the description of the present application, the terms "vertical", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description only and do not require that the present application must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. The terms "connected," "connected," and "disposed" as used herein are intended to be broadly construed, and may include, for example, fixed and removable connections; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components; the connection may be a wired electrical connection, a radio electrical connection, or a wireless communication signal connection, and a person of ordinary skill in the art may understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to specific situations.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse, the protection system comprising: the cable protection device comprises a protection network 1, wherein the protection network 1 is formed by interweaving a plurality of transverse anchor cables 3 and a plurality of vertical anchor cables 2, the transverse anchor cables 3 are perpendicular to the vertical anchor cables 2, pre-tightening forces are applied to the transverse anchor cables 3 and the vertical anchor cables 2, and the transverse anchor cables 3 and the vertical anchor cables 2 are constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cables; the node fixing device is used for fixedly connecting the transverse anchor cable 3 and the vertical anchor cable 2 at the intersection point; the opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged in pairs, the opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged at two ends of the plurality of transverse anchor cables 3 with the same length respectively, and a plurality of pairs of the opposite-pulling assemblies are arranged on two sides of the protective net 1.
In this embodiment, the horizontal anchor cable 3 and the vertical anchor cable 2 are both constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cables (i.e., NPR anchor cables), and the NPR anchor cables are higher in expansion amount, so that the protection energy level of the protection system is further enhanced. All apply the pretightning force to the anchor rope in protection network 1 for roll stone 9 in the contact of protection network 1 in the twinkling of an eye, protection network 1 just can play the effect that plastic deformation absorbed energy, guarantees that protection system can be faster more effectual performance guard action. The protective net 1 is vertically fixed on both sides of a slope body, so that objects falling from a high place can be intercepted.
Any node of the transverse anchor cable 3 in contact with any node of the vertical anchor cable 2 is fixed together through the node fixing device, so that the protective net 1 has better integrity, when the protective net 1 meets the rolling stones, the anchor cable in contact with the rolling stones cannot have a blocking effect, and under the connecting effect of the node fixing device, the whole protective net 1 can play a larger blocking effect; and a plurality of pairs of opposite pulling components are arranged, so that the protective net 1 can be better fixed in terrains with different gradients, and the applicability of the protective system is greatly improved.
The counter-pulling assembly comprises a counter-pulling plate 6 and a lateral anchor cable 8; a row of anchor cable holes 602 are vertically formed in the counter-pulling plate 6, and the end part of the transverse anchor cable 3 penetrates through the anchor cable holes 602 and is fixed on the counter-pulling plate 6; a pair of fixing holes 601 is symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of a row of anchor cable holes 602 on the counter-pulling plate 6, the lateral anchor cables 8 are anchored in a slope body, one ends of the lateral anchor cables 8 extending out of the slope body are anchored in the fixing holes 601, and pre-tightening force is applied to the lateral anchor cables 8.
In this embodiment, the anchor rod of the lateral anchor cable 8 is tensioned at one end of the fixing hole 601, so that a pre-tightening force is applied to the lateral anchor cable 8, the lateral anchor cable 8 plays a role in reinforcing the opposite pulling plate 6, and the two sides of the protection net 1 are anchored to slope bodies on two sides respectively.
The pair of pulling plates 6 is arranged on a concrete ground beam on the slope body; the tie plate 6 is composed of a reinforcement cage and poured concrete, the reinforcement cage comprises a plurality of vertically arranged main reinforcements and stirrups 604 connected among the main reinforcements.
In this embodiment, the main reinforcement and the stirrup 604 with corresponding specifications are provided according to the bending moment and the shearing force applied to the pulling plate 6; specifically, whether the normal section bending and the inclined section bearing capacity of the tie plate 6 meet the design requirements is calculated in advance, and whether the punched bearing capacity of the tie plate 6 under the impact of the stone meets the requirements is calculated in advance. The anchor cable holes 602 and the fixing holes 601 in the pull plate 6 are reserved holes, so that drilling is not needed after the pouring of the pull plate 6 is finished, and the integral structure of the pull plate 6 is better; reinforcing the embedded steel bars around the preformed hole in the pulling plate 6; the preformed hole is guaranteed not to be damaged and fail when the anchor cable is anchored.
The concrete ground beam 7 is arranged to change the shape of the original slope surface, so that the concrete ground beam is more suitable for arranging the pull plate 6 and enhancing the stability of the slope surface. The counter-pull plate 6 is used as a main stressed component of the counter-pull assembly and poured together with the concrete ground beam 7, so that the stressed area and integrity of the counter-pull plate 6 can be greatly increased, and the counter-pull assembly is more stable.
The connecting line of the pair of fixing holes 601 is a perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the row of anchor cable holes 602. Thereby ensuring that the lateral anchor cable 8 is stressed more uniformly and firmly tensioning the counter-pulling plate 6.
The node fixing device comprises a cross fastener 4, and the cross fastener 4 is used for fixing the transverse anchor cable 3 and the vertical anchor cable 2 at a cross node formed by the intersection of the transverse anchor cable 3 and the vertical anchor cable 2; the cross fastener 4 is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical hole, the transverse anchor cable 3 is fixed in the transverse hole, and the vertical anchor cable 2 is fixed in the vertical hole.
The cross fastener 4 comprises a cross fastener body 403 and two cross fastening plates 401; the two cross buckle plates 401 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cross buckle body 403, a transverse hole is arranged between one cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403, and a vertical hole is formed between the other cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403. The cross buckle body 403 is connected with the cross buckle plate 401 through a bolt 404.
In this embodiment, the cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403 are fixedly connected through the high-strength bolt, the anchor cable is fixed between the cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403, the cross buckle 4 is simple in structure, and the anchor cable is firmly fixed.
The cross fastener 4 further comprises a split clamping piece 402, and the split clamping piece 402 is sleeved on the periphery of the transverse anchor cable 3 or the vertical anchor cable 2; the cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403 are both provided with fastener grooves, the two fastener grooves are arranged oppositely, and the split fastener 402 is located in the fastener groove between the cross buckle plate 401 and the cross buckle body 403.
In this embodiment, the split clip 402 is two parts with the same structure, the two parts are paired together to form a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure is provided with a through hole, the axial direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the cylindrical axis, the through hole axis intersects with the cylindrical axis, and two small cylinders are arranged at two ends of the cylindrical structure in the axis direction.
The split clamping piece 402 is pressed through the cross-shaped buckle plate 401 and the cross-shaped buckle body 403 instead of directly pressing the anchor cable through the cross-shaped buckle plate 401 and the cross-shaped buckle body 403, so that the pressing area of the cross-shaped buckle plate 401 and the cross-shaped buckle body 403 is further increased, the anchor cable can be fixed more firmly by the cross-shaped buckle 4, and the better integrity of the protection net 1 is ensured.
The node fixing device further comprises a T-shaped fastener 10, and the T-shaped fastener 10 is used for fixing the transverse anchor cables 3 and the vertical anchor cables 2 at a point where the transverse anchor cables 3 and the vertical anchor cables 2 at the top and the bottom of the protective net 1 intersect to form a T-shaped point; the T-shaped fastener 10 is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical groove, the transverse anchor cable 3 is fixed in the transverse hole, and one end of the vertical anchor cable 2 is fixed in the vertical groove.
The T-shaped fastener 10 comprises a split clamping sleeve 1004, and the transverse anchor cable 3 is fixed in a transverse hole in the split clamping sleeve 1004; one end of the split clamping sleeve 1004 is fixed with a connecting fork ear 1002, and the split clamping sleeve 1004 is fixedly connected with the connecting fork ear 1002 through a bolt 1001.
One end of the connecting fork lug 1002, which faces the vertical anchor cable 2, is provided with a vertical hole, and the vertical anchor cable 2 is inserted into the vertical hole of the connecting fork lug 1002; a clamping piece outer sleeve 1005 is further sleeved outside the connecting fork lug 1002, the clamping piece outer sleeve 1005 is located at the periphery of the vertical anchor cable 2 at the same time, a wedge-shaped clamping piece 1006 is arranged between the clamping piece outer sleeve 1005 and the vertical anchor cable 2, and one end of the clamping piece outer sleeve 1005 is fixed on the connecting fork lug 1002 through a locking nut 1003; in this embodiment, a stepped hole is formed in the lock nut 1003, and an internal thread is formed in the stepped hole; the small hole of the stepped hole is in threaded connection with the connecting insert lug, and the large hole of the stepped hole is in threaded connection with the card outer sleeve 1005; thereby enabling the locking nut 1003 to secure the card jacket 1005 to the attachment fork 1002; through the wedge-shaped clamping piece 1006 arranged in the clamping piece sleeve 1005, the clamping piece sleeve 1005 can firmly clamp the vertical anchor cable 2 after being fixed with the connecting fork lug 1002.
In this embodiment, the split sleeve 1004 is fixed by a high-strength bolt, so that the transverse anchor cable 3 can be firmly fixed; one end of the connecting fork lug 1002, which faces the split clamping sleeve 1004, is provided with a U-shaped groove, a part of the split clamping sleeve 1004 is inserted into the U-shaped groove, and the split clamping sleeve 1004 is fixedly connected with the connecting fork lug 1002 through a high-strength bolt.
The protection system further comprises support piles, wherein one part of each support pile is buried underground, and the part, located on the ground, of each support pile is fixedly connected with the protection net 1. In the embodiment, the support pile is made by pouring reinforced concrete, when the support pile is made, a plurality of reserved anchor cable holes 602 extending along the horizontal direction are arranged on the side, close to a mountain, of the support pile, the reserved anchor cable holes 602 are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction, the vertical distance between every two adjacent reserved anchor cable holes 602 is equal to the distance between every two adjacent transverse anchor cables 3, and one transverse anchor cable 3 penetrates into each reserved anchor cable hole 602; so set up for the support stake can play better support reinforcement to whole protection network 1.
The following interface parameters need to be considered in the calculation process: parameters of the top end 501 of the supporting pile, parameters of the cantilever section 502 of the supporting pile, parameters of the junction 503 of the cantilever section of the supporting pile and the stone action point, parameters of the junction 504 of the cantilever section of the supporting pile and the tensile force of the anchor rope, parameters of the junction 505 of the cantilever section of the supporting pile and the anchoring section, parameters of the anchoring section 506 of the supporting pile and parameters of the bottom end 507 of the supporting pile. The bottom 507 of the support pile can be divided into three constraint conditions according to different rock stratum geological conditions: when the foundation coefficient in the stratum where the supporting pile anchoring section 507 is located does not change greatly, if the rock strata are the same or the rock strata are different but the rigidity does not change greatly, the supporting pile anchoring section can be regarded as a free end; when the lateral elastic resistance coefficient of the stratum where the supporting pile anchoring section 507 is located increases sharply with the increase of the depth, the supporting pile anchoring section can be regarded as a fixed end; when the coefficient of the horizontal foundation in the stratum where the supporting pile anchoring section 507 is located is much larger than that of the vertical foundation, the supporting pile anchoring section can be regarded as a hinged end. After all parameters are determined, the pile corner, bending moment and shearing force of the support pile 5 can be obtained. From this it is possible to further calculate the number of tensile anchor cables required to resist the impact of the block 9 on the support piles 5. And finally, verifying whether the maximum resistance of the support pile anchoring section 506 meets the requirement of the lateral allowable bearing capacity of the foundation according to a K method.
The following description will be given by taking the calculation of parameters 504 at the intersection of the cantilever section of the support pile and the tension of the anchor cable as an example:
when the elastic foundation beam method is adopted for calculation, additional nodes (figure 8) need to be added when the foundation coefficient suddenly changes, the section of the pile body changes, the load distributed on the beam suddenly changes, and the nodes have concentrated force or concentrated moment. Wherein, the node is an interface, the node is an additional node, and the node is a known node.
Displacement continuous conditions:
（1）
the continuous rotation angle condition:
（2）
using the recurrence formula:
the recursion formula is simplified in formula (1) and formula (2):
continuous bending moment conditions:
because the cantilever sections are made of the same material, the rigidity is high
，
Substituting formula (2) and formula (3) into formula (1) to obtain:
shear force continuous condition:
simplifying to obtain:
recursion formula:
（6）
consists of:
（7）
substituting equations (1) to (7) into the control difference equation:
simplifying to obtain:
writing into:
obtaining:
parameter(s)
、
And
parameters 504 are respectively set at the junction of the cantilever section of the support pile and the tensile force of the anchor cable.
Bending moment:
shearing force:
wherein Xn is a parameter of the nth node.
According to the theory of the elastic foundation beam, node parameters are sequentially deduced from the pile top to the pile bottom, and additional nodes are added for calculation when foundation coefficient mutation, distribution load mutation and concentrated force are met. The principle is that the known parameters in front of the additional node are used for deducing the additional node and the parameters behind the additional node, and finally, the shearing force and the bending moment of each section are accumulated to obtain the shearing force and the bending moment graph of the whole pile.
In order to ensure that the new structure meets the design life requirement under the use working condition (the natural environment of the atmosphere, namely the conditions of wind, rain, sunlight, ultraviolet, ozone, atmospheric corrosive medium, wind, rain, vibration and the like), the new structure needs to be subjected to anti-corrosion design.
The anchorage device and the cross fastener have the following anti-corrosion measures: firstly, carrying out surface treatment on a metal structure, wherein the surface of the metal structure in a construction area is required to have no obvious bubbles and floating rust, and smearing and leveling gaps on the surface of steel by adopting anti-corrosion daub 17; extruding a little of oxidation polymerization anticorrosion paste 18 into the palm, and leveling the palm horizontally and vertically in the construction area to ensure that the oxidation polymerization anticorrosion daub 17 is uniformly distributed on the surface of the metal structure and no coating leakage phenomenon exists in the coating anticorrosion range; sequentially sticking oxidative polymerization anticorrosion paste 18 from bottom to top to ensure that more than two layers of oxidative polymerization anticorrosion tapes 19 are covered at each position; finally, a little of the external protective agent 20 is dipped by a brush, and the surface of the smooth oxidation polymerization anticorrosion belt 19 is evenly brushed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse is characterized in that the protection system comprises:
the protective net is formed by interweaving a plurality of transverse anchor cables and a plurality of vertical anchor cables, the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables both apply pre-tightening force, and the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables are constant-resistance large-deformation anchor cables;
the node fixing device is used for fixedly connecting the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at the intersection point;
the cable comprises a pair of opposite-pulling components, wherein the opposite-pulling components are arranged in pairs, one pair of opposite-pulling components are respectively arranged at two ends of a plurality of transverse anchor cables with the same length, and a plurality of pairs of opposite-pulling components are arranged on two sides of a protective net.
2. The novel flexible protection system against rock falls and dangerous body collapses as claimed in claim 1, wherein said counter-pull assembly comprises counter-pull plates and lateral anchor cables;
a row of anchor cable holes are vertically formed in the counter-pulling plate, and the end parts of the transverse anchor cables penetrate through the anchor cable holes and are fixed on the counter-pulling plate;
a pair of fixing holes is symmetrically formed in the left side and the right side of a row of anchor cable holes in the counter-pulling plate, the lateral anchor cables are anchored in a slope body, one ends of the lateral anchor cables extending out of the slope body are anchored in the fixing holes, and pretightening force is applied to the lateral anchor cables.
3. The novel flexible protection system against rock impact and dangerous rock mass collapse according to claim 2, characterized in that said pair of pulling plates are arranged on concrete ground beams on the slope;
the tie plate is composed of a reinforcement cage and poured concrete, the reinforcement cage comprises a plurality of vertically arranged main reinforcements and stirrups connected among the main reinforcements.
4. The novel flexible protection system against rock impact and dangerous rock collapse according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection line of a pair of said fixing holes is the perpendicular bisector of a row of anchor cables Kong Lianxian.
5. The novel flexible protection system against rock roll impact and dangerous rock mass collapse according to claim 1, wherein said node fixing means comprises cross fasteners for fixing the transverse anchor cables and the vertical anchor cables at their intersection as cross nodes;
the cross fastener is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical hole, the transverse anchor cable is fixed in the transverse hole, and the vertical anchor cable is fixed in the vertical hole.
6. The novel flexible protection system against rock impact and dangerous rock mass collapse according to claim 5, characterized in that said cross fastener comprises a cross fastener body and two cross fastening plates;
two cross buckle plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the cross buckle body, a transverse hole is formed between one cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body, and a vertical hole is formed between the other cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body.
7. The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse according to claim 6, wherein the cross fastener further comprises split fasteners, and the split fasteners are sleeved on the periphery of the transverse anchor cable or the vertical anchor cable;
the cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body are both provided with fastener grooves, the two fastener grooves are arranged oppositely, and the split fasteners are located in the fastener grooves between the cross buckle plate and the cross buckle body.
8. The novel flexible protection system for preventing rock rolling impact and dangerous rock collapse according to claim 1, wherein the node fixing device further comprises a T-shaped fastener, and the T-shaped fastener is used for fixing the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at a point where the transverse anchor cable and the vertical anchor cable at the top and the bottom of the protection net intersect to form a T-shaped byte;
the T-shaped fastener is provided with a transverse hole and a vertical groove, the transverse anchor cable is fixed in the transverse hole, and one end of the vertical anchor cable is fixed in the vertical groove.
9. The novel flexible protection system against rock falls and dangerous body collapses as claimed in claim 8, wherein said T-shaped fastener comprises a split ferrule, said lateral anchor cable being secured in a lateral hole in said split ferrule;
one end of the split clamping sleeve is fixed with a connecting fork lug, one end of the connecting fork lug facing the vertical anchor cable is provided with a vertical hole, and the vertical anchor cable is inserted into the vertical hole of the connecting fork lug;
still the cover is equipped with the card overcoat outside connecting fork ear, and the card overcoat is in vertical anchor rope periphery simultaneously, is provided with the wedge card between card overcoat and vertical anchor rope, and the one end of card overcoat is passed through lock nut and is fixed on connecting fork ear.
10. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the system further comprises a support pile, a part of the support pile is buried underground, a plurality of reserved anchor cable holes extending in a horizontal direction are formed in the support pile near the mountain, the reserved anchor cable holes are uniformly arranged in a vertical direction, the vertical distance between two adjacent reserved anchor cable holes is equal to the distance between two adjacent transverse anchor cables, and a transverse anchor cable is inserted into each reserved anchor cable hole.
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| US11982060B1 (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-14 | Railway Construction Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Science Group Co., Ltd. | Barrier structure for bearing high-energy impact and construction method thereof |
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| CN115559234B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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